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Hwang S, Lee SG, Kim KH, Park KM, Ahn CS, Moon DB, Chu CW, Lee YJ, Min PC. Correlation of blood-free graft weight and volumetric graft volume by an analysis of blood content in living donor liver grafts. Transplant Proc 2002; 34:3293-4. [PMID: 12493450 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(02)03603-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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102
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Sung MH, Kim H, Bae JW, Rhee SK, Jeon CO, Kim K, Kim JJ, Hong SP, Lee SG, Yoon JH, Park YH, Baek DH. Geobacillus toebii sp. nov., a novel thermophilic bacterium isolated from hay compost. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2002; 52:2251-2255. [PMID: 12508894 DOI: 10.1099/00207713-52-6-2251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A thermophilic, spore-forming rod isolated from hay compost in Korea was subjected to a taxonomic study. The micro-organism, designated strain SK-1(T), was identified as being aerobic, Gram-positive, motile and rod-shaped. Growth of the isolate was observed at 45-70 degrees C (optimum 60 degrees C) and pH 6.0-9.0 (optimum pH 7.5). The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 43.9 mol%. Chemotaxonomic characteristics of the isolate included the presence of mesodiaminopimelic acid in the cell wall and iso-C15:0 and iso-C17:0 as the major cellular fatty acids. The predominant isoprenoid quinone was MK-7. The chemotaxonomic characteristics of strain SK-1(T) were the same as those of the genus Geobacillus. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA sequences showed that strain SK-1(T) is most closely related to Geobacillus thermoglucosidasius. However, the phenotypic properties of strain SK-1(T) were clearly different from those of G. thermoglucosidasius. The level of DNA-DNA relatedness between strain SK-1(T) and the type strain of G. thermoglucosidasius was 27%. On the basis of the phenotypic traits and molecular systematic data, strain SK-1(T) represents a novel species within the genus Geobacillus, for which the name Geobacillus toebii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is strain SK-1(T) (= KCTC 0306BP(T) - DSM 14590(T)).
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Lee SG, Park KM, Hwang S, Lee YJ, Kim KH, Ahn CS, Choi DL, Joo SH, Jeon JY, Chu CW, Moon DB, Min PC, Koh KS, Han SH, Park SH, Choi GT, Hwang KS, Lee EJ, Chung YH, Lee YS, Lee HJ, Kim MH, Lee SK, Suh DJ, Kim JJ, Sung KB. Adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation at the Asan Medical Center, Korea. Asian J Surg 2002; 25:277-84. [PMID: 12470999 DOI: 10.1016/s1015-9584(09)60192-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Between February 1997 and December 2001, 311 adult-to-adult living donor liver transplants (A-A LDLTs) were performed at the Asan Medical Center for patients above 20 years of age. Indications for A-A LDLT were: chronic hepatitis B (203), chronic hepatitis C (5), hepatocellular carcinoma (64), alcoholic cirrhosis (9), cryptogenic cirrhosis (4), secondary biliary cirrhosis (5), primary biliary cirrhosis (1), Wilson' s disease (2), autoimmune hepatitis (1), hepatic tuberculosis (1), cholangiocarcinoma (1), fulminant hepatic failure (14) and primary non-function of cadaveric liver graft (1). Of 311 A-A LDLTs, 36 were of medical high urgency, 20 were for acute and subacute hepatic failure, 15 were for hepato-renal syndrome and 1 was for primary non-function. Recipient age ranged from 27 to 64 years. Donor age ranged from 16 to 62 years. There was no donor mortality. Implanted liver grafts were categorized into seven types: 175 modified right lobe (MRL), 70 left lobe, 32 right lobe, 20 dual grafts, 10 left lobe plus caudate lobe, three extended right lobe and one posterior segment. In MRL, the tributaries of the middle hepatic vein were reconstructed by interpositioning a vein graft. Indication for dual graft implantation was the same as single graft A-A LDLT, and four of 20 were emergency cases. Of 20 dual grafts, 14 received two left lobes, four received a left lobe and a lateral segment, one received a right lobe and a left lobe and one received a lateral segment and a posterior segment. Graft volume ranged from 28% to 83% of the standard liver volume of the recipients. There were 33 (10.6%) in-hospital mortalities (< 4 months) among the 310 patients after 311 A-A LDLTs. Of the 36 patients receiving emergency transplants, 31 survived. These encouraging results justify the expansion of A-A LDLT in coping with increasing demands, even in urgent situations. We have aimed to introduce the establishment of the efficacy of A-A LDLT in various end-stage chronic and acute liver diseases, as well as new technical advances to overcome small graft-size syndrome by using dual-graft implantation and MRL, both of which were first developed in our department.
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Cho YP, Lee DH, Jang HJ, Kim JS, Han MS, Lee SG. Peripheral arterial insufficiency associated with protein C deficiency. Br J Radiol 2002; 75:843-6. [PMID: 12381694 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.75.898.750843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Two patients with protein C deficiency who presented with peripheral arterial insufficiency were successfully managed. One patient was managed with bypass surgery for focal gangrene followed by full anticoagulation whilst the other patient was managed with full anticoagulation. Both patients showed characteristic arteriographic findings. Patients who present with peripheral arterial insufficiency demonstrating thrombotic occlusion of main peripheral artery without atherosclerosis and other risk factors should be evaluated for hypercoagulable states.
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105
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Yoon HJ, Kim H, Kim HL, Lee SG, Zheng SH, Shin JH, Lim CS, Kim S, Lee JS, Lee DS, Kim YS. Interdependent effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme and platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase gene polymorphisms on the progression of immunoglobulin A nephropathy. Clin Genet 2002; 62:128-34. [PMID: 12220450 DOI: 10.1034/j.1399-0004.2002.620205.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In order to investigate the interdependent action of the insertion/deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene and polymorphism in exon 11 (C1136-->T; Ala379Val) of the platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) gene, which encodes a functional antagonist of PAF, on the progression of immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy, we analysed both polymorphisms in patients with primary IgA nephropathy, who were followed-up for longer than 3 years. During the follow-up (87.3 +/- 50.0 months), the disease progressed in 38 of the 191 patients (19.9%). The D allele of the ACE gene in the absence of the T allele of the PAF-AH gene did not affect the prognosis [odds ratio (OR), 3.6; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.8-16.4] and neither did the T allele in the absence of the D allele (OR, 3.0; 95% CI, 0.4-24.2). However, the presence of both was a significant prognostic factor (OR, 6.6; 95% CI, 1.4-31.3). After adjusting for other risk factors, the presence of both proved to be an independent risk factor (OR, 4.5; 95% CI, 1.6-12.7). These results suggest that the interdependent effects of ACE and PAF-AH polymorphisms on the progression of IgA nephropathy might be more important than the effect of the individual polymorphisms.
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106
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Kim HJ, Ahn YS, Lee SG. Health development experience in North and South Korea. Asia Pac J Public Health 2002; 13 Suppl:S51-7. [PMID: 12109250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to compare the difference in health status between South Koreans and North Koreans and to identify factors responsible for the remarkable improvements in the health status of South Koreans. In order to examine the causes of the difference in health level, the health indices and their determinants of two Koreas were analyzed in time order. As of the year 2000, the average life expectancy at birth is 71.0 years for men and 78.6 years for women in South Korea, which is longer than that of North Korea by 8.1 for men and 11.2 for women. Infant mortality rate in 1998 was 9.0 per 1,000 live births in South Korea and 54.0 in North Korea. Since being liberated from Japanese ruling in 1945, South Korea has achieved remarkable economic growth under democracy and a market economy system. On the other hand, North Korea has maintained a socialistic system. North Korea has suffered from economic crisis since the 1990s. From this point it could be said that economic status is the major factor for the differences in health level between the two Koreas. Economic status not only directly influences health level but also indirectly affects it through influences on nutrition, hygiene, health resources, and other intervening factors. The South Korean government has concentrated its limited resources on public health activities such as tuberculosis control, family planning (FP), and maternal and child health (MCH) programmes whereas the private sector has taken charge of constructing the health delivery system including health facilities and human resources. In order to solve the problem, which might occur in the private-oriented medical care system, the South Korean government has introduced the national health insurance programme and enforced regulation policies. Many developing countries which are suffering from poverty and disease, can learn from the experience of Korea that had suffered from similar problems up to the early 1970s.
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Shin HJ, Kim SS, Cho YH, Lee SG, Rho HM. Host cell proteins binding to the encapsidation signal epsilon in hepatitis B virus RNA. Arch Virol 2002; 147:471-91. [PMID: 11958450 DOI: 10.1007/s007050200001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The highly conserved encapsidation signal (epsilon) of hepatitis B viral (HBV) pregenomic RNA has been reported as an essential component for encapsidation and protein priming of HBV polymerase. Here, we report that two HBV epsilon RNA-binding host proteins (80 and 43 kDa) and a copurifying protein (100 kDa) were purified and characterized by the combined methods of UV cross-linking analysis with the epsilon RNA and column chromatography. Amino-terminal microsequencing showed that 80- and 43-kDa proteins were identified as the heterodimeric nuclear factor of activated T cells (NF90/NF45) and 100 kDa as a molecular chaperone, the GRP94. The heterodimeric factor interacted preferentially with the upper-bulge region of HBV epsilon RNA helping the HBV polymerase bind the lower-bulge region. Using in vitro protein priming analysis, the initial oligonucleotide of the protein-priming product was deduced as 5'-GAAC-3', which is the complementary sequence of both regions of DR1 and epsilon in the pregenomic RNA. Previously, we also proposed that the GRP94 was associated with HBV polymerase in the human liver cell HepG2. These results suggest that the heterodimeric factor plays an important role in the priming activity of HBV polymerase.
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108
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Son SU, Park KH, Seo H, Chung YK, Lee SG. Catalytic asymmetric synthesis of cyclopentenones from propargyl malonates and allylic acetate by successive action of homogeneous palladium(II) and cobalt on charcoal catalysts in a one-pot reaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2001:2440-1. [PMID: 12240004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
The tandem action of a homogeneous chiral Pd(II) catalyst and a heterogeneous Co/C catalyst leads to a two-step one-pot highly enantioselective Pauson-Khand-type reaction.
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Lee SG, Lee H, Rho HM. Transcriptional repression of the human p53 gene by cobalt chloride mimicking hypoxia. FEBS Lett 2001; 507:259-63. [PMID: 11696352 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(01)02989-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The switch to an angiogenic phenotype is known to be a fundamental determinant of neoplastic growth and tumor progression. We herein report that the transcription of the human p53 gene was repressed by treatment with a hypoxia-mimicking concentration of cobalt chloride and alone by hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha. Analyses of serial deletions, site-directed mutageneses and heterologous promoter systems showed that the site responsible for the repression by both factors was the E-box element in the promoter of the p53 gene. These results alongside previous data suggest that the loss of p53 including the transcriptional repression may play an important role in the angiogenic switch during tumorigenesis.
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Yoon SJ, Lee JC, Kang JO, Lee SG, Heo DS. Anti-tumor effect associated with down-regulation of MHC class 1 antigen after co-transfection of GM-CSF and IFN-gamma genes in CT26 tumor cells. Anticancer Res 2001; 21:4031-9. [PMID: 11911288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
We previously reported that co-expression of GM-CSF and IFN-gamma genes in tumors induces a synergistic anti-tumor effect. Interestingly, we have used flow cytometry to identify two kinds of populations of CT26 cells that co-express GM-CSF and IFN-gamma genes: one population (CT26/G/I-down) that expresses very low levels of MHC class I and a second population (CT26/G/I-up) that expresses high levels of H-2Kd antigen. We have compared the anti-tumor effect between CT26/I-up and CT26/G/I-down cells. When wild-type (wt) CT26 cells were injected subcutaneously into Balb/c mice, tumor was formed 5-7 days after injection. However, when both CT26/G/I-up and CT26/G/I-down cells were injected, we did not identify any tumor. The protection' study showed that both CT26/G/I-up and CT26/G/I-down. cells could induce systemic immunity against secondary challenge with unmodified parental tumor cell. CT26/G/I-down cells showed normal expression of the heavy chain of MHC class I (HC), beta2-microglobulin (beta2m) and the TAP gene. Furthermore, in CT26/G/I-down cell, although the MHC molecules were detected normally in the cytoplasmic fraction, no message was detected in the membrane fraction. Pulse-chase experiments showed that class I antigen was normally synthesized like wt CT26 or CT26/G/I-up cells. Based on our results, non-MHC restricted immune effectors might play the major role in synergistic anti-tumor effects with co-expression of GM-CSF and IFN-gamma in CT26 tumor model.
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Park NH, Chung YH, Youn KH, Song BC, Yang SH, Kim JA, Lee HC, Yu E, Lee YS, Lee SG, Kim KW, Suh DJ. Close correlation of p53 mutation to microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Clin Gastroenterol 2001; 33:397-401. [PMID: 11606857 DOI: 10.1097/00004836-200111000-00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Mutation of p53 is a poor prognostic indicator of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although poor histologic differentiation of HCC has been associated with p53 mutations, the exact reasons for unfavorable clinical outcomes in patients with HCC remain to be clarified. In this study, we evaluate the association between p53 mutation and histopathologic features of HCCs, as well as tumor recurrences and survival. We examined 20 HCCs and surrounding liver tissues from patients who underwent surgical resection, and we performed direct sequencing of p53 gene. p53 mutations were found in 9 of 20 HCCs; none were found in the surrounding liver tissue. p53 mutations were frequent in large, multinodular, and poorly differentiated HCCs. Five of 9 with p53 mutation (in contrast, none of 11 with wild-type mutation) showed microvascular invasions. Hepatocellular carcinoma recurred in 6 of 9 with p53 mutation, in contrast to only 2 of 11 with wild-type mutation. The 1-year survival rate with p53 mutation was significantly lower than that with wild-type. In conclusion, it is suggested that p53 mutations tend to be commonly associated with microvascular invasions, which may result in micrometastasis, followed by frequent recurrences.
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112
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Lee SG, Hwang S, Park KM, Kim KH, Ahn CS, Lee YJ, Cheon JY, Joo SH, Moon DB, Joo CW, Min PC, Koh KS, Han SH, Choi KT, Hwang KS. Seventeen adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantations using dual grafts. Transplant Proc 2001; 33:3461-3. [PMID: 11750481 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(01)02491-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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113
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Kim CH, Lee SG. Diaquabis(propane-1,2-diamine-N,N')nickel(II) bis(p-toluenesulfonate). Acta Crystallogr C 2001; 57:1259-60. [PMID: 11706241 DOI: 10.1107/s010827010101294x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2001] [Accepted: 08/01/2001] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The crystal structure of the title compound, [Ni(C(3)H(10)N(2))(2)(H(2)O)(2)](C(7)H(7)O(3)S)(2) or [Ni(H(2)O)(2)[NH(2)CH(2)CH(NH(2))CH(3)](2)](CH(3)C(6)H(4)SO(3))(2), exhibits a layered structure in which the complex cations and the p-toluenesulfonate anions form alternating layers. The central Ni(II) atom of the cation resides on a crystallographic inversion centre and has a slightly distorted octahedral coordination composed of the water ligands bonding through oxygen in a trans arrangement and the N,N'-bidentate propanediamine ligands. The p-toluenesulfonate anions are arranged with the sulfonate groups turned alternately towards opposite sides of the layers. The structure of the layers is stabilized by a network of hydrogen bonds between the sulfonate O atoms, water molecules and the propanediamine N atoms.
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Kim YS, Lee SG, Park SH, Song K. Gene structure of the human DDX3 and chromosome mapping of its related sequences. Mol Cells 2001; 12:209-14. [PMID: 11710523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The human DDX3 gene (GenBank accession No. U50553) is the human homologue of the mouse Ddx3 gene and is a member of the gene family that contains DEAD motifs. Previously, we mapped the gene to the Xp11.3-11.23. In this report, we describe the structural organization of the human DDX3 gene. It consisted of 17 exons that span approximately 16 kb. An Alu element was present in the intron 13. Its organization was the same as that of the human DBY gene, a closely related sequence present on the Y chromosome. We also identified two processed pseudogenes (DDX3) with a sequence that is highly homologous to those of DDX3 cDNAs, but contain a translation termination codon within its open-reading frame. Pseudogenes are mapped on human chromosomes 4 and X, respectively. In this paper, we discuss the relationships between DDX3 and its related sequences that have been isolated.
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Lee IH, Je YH, Chang JH, Roh JY, Oh HW, Lee SG, Shin SC, Boo KS. Isolation and characterization of a Bacillus thuringiensis ssp. kurstaki strain toxic to Spodoptera exigua and Culex pipiens. Curr Microbiol 2001; 43:284-7. [PMID: 11683364 DOI: 10.1007/s002840010302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A strain of Bacillus thuringiensis with dual toxicity was isolated from Korean soil samples and named K2. K2 was determined as ssp. kurstaki (H3a3b3c) by serological test and produced bipyramidal-shaped parasporal inclusions. The plasmid and protein profiles of B. thuringiensis K2 were different from those of the reference strain, ssp. kurstaki HD-1. To verify gene type of B. thuringiensis K2, PCR analysis with specific cry gene primers was performed. The result showed that B. thuringiensis K2 had cry1Aa, cry1Ab, cry1C, and cry1D type genes, whereas ssp. kurstaki HD-1 had cry1Aa, cry1Ab, cry1Ac, and cry2 type genes. In addition, B. thuringiensis K2 had high toxicity against Spodoptera exigua and Culex pipiens, whereas B. thuringiensis ssp. kurstaki HD-1 does not have high toxicity against these two insect species.
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Sohn TJ, Kim NK, An HJ, Ko JJ, Hahn TR, Oh D, Lee SG, Roy R, Cha KY, Oh YK. Gene amplification and expression of the DNA repair enzyme, N-methylpurine-DNA glycosylase (MPG) in HPV-infected cervical neoplasias. Anticancer Res 2001; 21:2405-11. [PMID: 11724299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lethal and mutagenic damages of DNA is caused by a variety of agents including viruses. It is known that HPV is one of the major causes of cervical carcinogenesis and that cells eliminate DNA lesions with DNA repair enzymes. However, the role of N-methylpurine-DNA glycosylase (MPG) is not known in the development of cervical cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for the detection and typing of HPV in the biopsy. Gene amplification of MPG was measured by a PCR-based assay. The mRNA levels of MPG were determined by reverse transcription-PCR using hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase as the reference gene. An immunohistochemical technique was used to examine the distribution of MPG in the tissues. RESULTS Of 68 Korean cervical neoplasia patients, 86.8% showed HPV infection. High-risk HPV 16/18 were the most prevalent but positive only in 47.3% of the invasive cancer patients. Gene amplification of MPG was significantly increased in high-risk HPV-infected tissues as compared to low-risk HPV-infected and normal tissues (p < 0.05). The mRNA levels of MPG were higher in HPV-infected invasive carcinoma than normal cervical tissues. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that the intracellular expression and distribution (localization) of MPG altered in the cervical neoplasia. Interestingly, MPG expression in CIN III and invasive carcinoma (IC) was much higher than normal and CIN I. Granular positivity of MPG was notable in the perinuclear regions of the cytoplasm in HPV-infected invasive cancer. CONCLUSION This is the first report on MPG expression in cervical neoplasia. Our results indicate that the gene amplification and expression of MPG were increased in high-risk HPV-infected cervical neoplasias and the intracellular distribution of MPG protein was altered, suggesting a role of MPG in carcinogenesis.
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Lee SG, Cho KA, Choi YH, Montgomery K, Lee E, Miller A, Kucherlapati R, Song K. A sequence-ready map for human chromosome 12q15-21. DNA SEQUENCE : THE JOURNAL OF DNA SEQUENCING AND MAPPING 2001; 11:353-61. [PMID: 11092752 DOI: 10.3109/10425170009033255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Construction of sequence-ready clone map is an essential step toward sequencing the human genome. We chose a region that is frequently amplified in liposarcoma between D12S350 and D12S106 in chromosome 12q15-21 to build a PAC/BAC clone contig map. This region was spanned by 4 YACs and contained 30 STS on the YAC and radiation hybrid (RH) framework maps, providing an average STS spacing of 160 kb if each YAC is approximately 1.2 Mb in size. To convert a STS-based YAC map to a STS-based contig map of bacterial clones, 22 non-polymorphic STS markers were used as probes to screen the high density gridded arrays of PAC and BAC clones by filter hybridizations, followed by assembly of clones into contigs by marker content. Contigs have been extended and joined by direct end sequencing of appropriate clones, generating new STSs and rescreening the library as necessary. Using these approaches, we have constructed 5 contigs covering the region with the largest single contig being 1.4 Mb and a final size estimation of 3.6 Mb. The map is comprised of 17 YACs, 187 PACs, 160 BACs, and 17 cosmids; onto this, 6 polymorphic, 97 non-polymorphic, 24 ESTs, and 4 gene-based markers are now placed in a unique order, providing an average resolution of approximately 28 kb. Of a total of 131 markers, 97 were developed in the present study. The sequence-ready map should provide a framework to generate complete DNA sequence and ultimately gene map of this segment of chromosome 12.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropathic arthropathy of the elbow is rare and characterized by a painless but unstable articulation. The functional capacity of patients with this condition has not been reviewed in detail. METHODS Five male patients, with an average age of fifty-one years, were treated for neuropathic arthropathy of the elbow. The underlying conditions associated with the arthropathy included syringomyelia, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, end-stage renal failure, and two cases of polyneuropathy of unknown cause. Four patients sought medical attention after a specific traumatic event. Peripheral sensory and motor dysfunction was present in each patient. Radiographs of the elbow revealed dislocation, fracture fragmentation, and heterotopic ossification. Our management of the neuropathic elbows centered on maintenance of a functional arc of motion through physical therapy aimed at regaining muscle strength and the use of orthoses for support. Operative treatment was performed for an associated ulnar or radial nerve compression syndrome in three patients, and an open reduction and internal fixation of an unstable proximal ulnar nonunion associated with loose implants was performed in one. RESULTS The patients were followed for an average of nineteen months, with a range of twelve to thirty-six months. All patients had a pain-free elbow with a functional range of motion at the most recent follow-up examination, and none wished to have further treatment. The operatively treated ulnar nonunion united successfully. All three patients treated surgically for an associated nerve compression syndrome had recovery of nerve function. CONCLUSION In the face of instability and gross distortion of the joint, the patients in this series demonstrated remarkably good function.
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Lee SG, Piccoli CW, Hughes JS. Displacement of microcalcifications during stereotactic 11-gauge directional vacuum-assisted biopsy with marking clip placement: case report. Radiology 2001; 219:495-7. [PMID: 11323477 DOI: 10.1148/radiology.219.2.r01ma04495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A 53-year-old woman with right breast microcalcifications of intermediate concern underwent stereotactic directional vacuum-assisted biopsy with marking clip placement. Postbiopsy mammograms showed displacement of a few of the targeted microcalcifications adjacent to misplaced marker clips. Mammography following stereotactic breast biopsy is important to document the location and number of residual calcifications and to determine the adequacy and location of clip placement.
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Kim HK, Chung YH, Song BC, Yang SH, Yoon HK, Yu E, Sung KB, Lee YS, Lee SG, Suh DJ. Ischemic bile duct injury as a serious complication after transarterial chemoembolization in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. J Clin Gastroenterol 2001; 32:423-7. [PMID: 11319315 DOI: 10.1097/00004836-200105000-00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bile duct injuries after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) have been reported; however, the exact pathogenic mechanisms and clinical implications of the injuries remain to be clarified. STUDY A total of 950 consecutive patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were studied. Among them, 807 were treated with TACE and the remaining 143 were treated with transarterial chemoinfusion (TACI) of cisplatin. RESULTS None of 143 patients with HCC treated with TACI were found to have any radiographic evidence of biliary injury. In contrast, of the 807 patients treated with TACE, 17 (2%) developed biliary complications. Of all complications, 12 (71%) were subcapsular bilomas; 3 (17%), focal strictures of the common hepatic duct or common bile duct; and 2 (12%), diffuse mild dilatation of the intrahepatic bile ducts. Interestingly, 2 of the 12 bilomas were found in the lobe that was not embolized with gelatin sponge particles. The median numbers of TACE tended to be greater in the patients with focal stricture than in those with bilomas (6.0 vs. 2.5; p = 0.08). All 3 patients with focal strictures and 4 of the 12 patients with bilomas had associated serious bacterial infections at presentation. CONCLUSIONS Bilomas seem to be caused by iodized oil rather than gelatin sponge particles; focal strictures of large bile ducts seem to be caused by gelatin sponge particles. We suggest that adjustments in the amounts of iodized oil or gelatin sponge particles and in the sites of embolization may reduce ischemic biliary injuries after TACE.
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Lee SG, Hong S, Yoon Y, Yang I, Song K. Characterization of publicly available SNPs in the Korean population. Hum Mutat 2001; 17:281-4. [PMID: 11295825 DOI: 10.1002/humu.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are the most abundant form of genetic variations and have a great potential for mapping studies of complex genetic traits. Currently a great deal of effort is invested in the identification of SNPs, and a large volume of data is already available through public databases (NCBI, NCI, WICGR, HGBASE). For an association mapping study, SNP allele frequencies in the population are critical. As an initial step toward construction of an SNP database of the Korean population, we have determined the allele frequencies of 300 cSNPs selected from the public database in 24 individuals. Among the tested markers, approximately 23% did not show polymorphism in the population. The results suggest that the ethnic and population based differences should be considered in the selection of SNPs for the study of complex diseases with association mapping methods.
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122
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Lee SG, Park KM, Lee YJ, Hwang S, Choi DR, Ahn CS, Joo SH, Cheon JY, Na YW, Min PC. 157 adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation. Transplant Proc 2001; 33:1323-5. [PMID: 11267308 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(00)02492-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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123
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de Villa VH, Chen CL, Chen YS, Wang CC, Tan KC, Suh KS, Lee SG, Tanaka K, Fan ST. Split liver transplantation in Asia. Transplant Proc 2001; 33:1502-3. [PMID: 11267394 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(00)02570-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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124
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Jang A, Kim SM, Kim SY, Lee SG, Kim IS. Effect of heavy metals (Cu, Pb, and Ni) on the compositions of EPS in biofilms. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2001; 43:41-48. [PMID: 11381971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A series of batch adsorption tests to estimate the biofilm capacity for removal of the heavy metals (Cu, Pb, and Ni) in wastewater were carried out. The metal sorption results were fitted to the Freundlich isotherm model to compare their sorption capacity. The change of the composition of EPSs (extracellular polymeric substances) was simultaneously represented by the ratio of carbohydrate to protein (C/P) when the biofilm was exposed to the heavy metals. EPS composed of slime loosely bound to the cell and capsular materials was extracted by the four general extraction methods including regular centrifugation, regular centrifugation with formaldehyde, EDTA extraction and steam extraction. Although the various extraction methods showed different results, C/P ratio of biofilm exposed to copper and lead metal ions was generally lower than that of control.
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125
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Jin RJ, Kwak C, Lee SG, Lee CH, Soo CG, Park MS, Lee E, Lee SE. The application of an anti-angiogenic gene (thrombospondin-1) in the treatment of human prostate cancer xenografts. Cancer Gene Ther 2000; 7:1537-42. [PMID: 11228532 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cgt.7700266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a critical event for solid tumor growth and metastasis. Within a given microenvironment, the angiogenic response is determined in part by the balance between angiogenesis inducers and inhibitors. The aim of this study was to establish a thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) ( an antiangiogenic gene) expression vector, and to determine the feasibility for use of TSP-1 in prostate cancer gene therapy. The results of this study showed that pCR-TSP-1, the cloned TSP-1 expression plasmid vector, expressed the TSP-1 gene efficiently in DU145, a human prostate cancer cell line. pCR -TSP-1 did not exert any significant growth inhibitory activity on the tested cell line in vitro. However, TSP-1 overexpression inhibited the growth of DU-145 xenografts in Balb/c nude mice when directly transfected with pCR-TSP-1 in combination with a liposomal agent (DOSPER). Histological analysis showed that there were extensive areas of necrosis in the TSP-1 overexpressing tumors, whereas no necrotic foci were observed in the control tumors. Furthermore, the microvessel density was lower in the TSP-1 overexpressing tumors compared to the control tumors. These results suggest that TSP-1 may be a potentially useful gene for prostate cancer gene therapy.
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