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Nguyen VG, Kim HK, Moon HJ, Park SJ, Chung HC, Choi MK, Park BK. Evolutionary Dynamics of a Highly Pathogenic Type 2 Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus: Analyses of Envelope Protein-Coding Genes. Transbound Emerg Dis 2013; 62:411-20. [PMID: 23981823 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has long been an economically devastating swine viral disease. The recent emergence of a highly pathogenic type 2 PRRSV with high mobility and mortality in China, spreading in Vietnam, Laos, and Thailand has placed neighbouring countries at risk. This study applied a codon-based extension of the Bayesian relaxed clock model and the fixed effects maximum-likelihood method to investigate and compare the evolutionary dynamics of type 2 PRRSV for all of known structural envelope protein-coding genes. By comparing the highly pathogenic type 2 PRRSV clade against the typical type 2 PRRSV clade, this study demonstrated that the highly pathogenic clade evolved at high rates in all of the known structural genes but did not display rapid evolutionary dynamics compared with typical type 2 PRRSV. In contrast, the ORF3, ORF5 and ORF6 genes of the highly pathogenic clade evolved in a qualitatively different manner from the genes of the typical clade. At the population level, several codons of the sequence elements that were involved in viral neutralization, as well as codons that were associated with in vitro attenuation/over-attenuation, were predicted to be selected differentially between the typical clade and the highly pathogenic clade. The results of this study suggest that the multigenic factors of the envelope protein-coding genes contribute to diversifying the biological properties (virulence, antigenicity, etc.) of the highly pathogenic clade compared with the typical clade of type 2 PRRSV.
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Kang JY, Park SJ, Moon MB. Phase analysis on dual-phase steel using band slope of electron backscatter diffraction pattern. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2013; 19 Suppl 5:13-16. [PMID: 23920165 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927613012233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A quantitative and automated phase analysis of dual-phase (DP) steel using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) was attempted. A ferrite-martensite DP microstructure was produced by intercritical annealing and quenching. An EBSD map of the microstructure was obtained and post-processed for phase discrimination. Band slope (BS), which was a measure of pattern quality, exhibited much stronger phase contrast than another conventional one, band contrast. Owing to high sensitivity to lattice defect and little orientation dependence, BS provided handiness in finding a threshold for phase discrimination. Its grain average gave a superior result on the discrimination and volume fraction measurement of the constituent phases in the DP steel.
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Park SJ, Song DS, Park BK. Molecular epidemiology and phylogenetic analysis of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) field isolates in Korea. Arch Virol 2013; 158:1533-41. [PMID: 23462888 PMCID: PMC7087279 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-013-1651-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Accepted: 01/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) has caused devastating enteric disease in Korean pig farms since its first identification in 1992 in Korea. In the present study, the molecular epidemiology, genetic diversity, and phylogenetic relationship of Korean PEDV field isolates to other reference strains were analyzed using the complete E gene. Genetic analysis showed that each PEDV group had several unique characteristics, which indicated that a specific group PEDVs may be differentiated from another group PEDVs. Phylogenetic analysis showed that recent prevalent Korean PEDV field isolates are closely related to the Chinese field strains and differ genetically from the European strains and the vaccine strains used in Korea, which raises questions of whether a new-type PEDV vaccine may be necessary for preventing PEDV infection more effectively in Korea. Notably, a large deletion identified only in the attenuated DR13 can be utilized as a genetic marker, and the methods developed in this study will help to rapidly detect and differentiate PEDVs.
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Song JW, Shim JK, Song Y, Yang SY, Park SJ, Kwak YL. Effect of ketamine as an adjunct to intravenous patient-controlled analgesia, in patients at high risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting undergoing lumbar spinal surgery. Br J Anaesth 2013; 111:630-5. [PMID: 23744819 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aet192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We evaluated the effect of ketamine as an adjunct to a fentanyl-based i.v. patient-controlled analgesia (IV-PCA) on postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in patients at high risk of PONV undergoing lumbar spinal surgery. METHODS Fifty non-smoking female patients were evenly randomized to either the control or ketamine group. According to randomization, patients received either ketamine 0.3 mg kg(-1) i.v. or normal saline after anaesthetic induction with fentanyl-based IV-PCA either with or without ketamine mixture (3 mg kg(-1) in 180 ml). The incidence and severity of PONV, volume of IV-PCA consumed, and pain intensity were assessed in the postanaesthesia care unit, and at postoperative 6, 12, 24, 36, and 48 h. RESULTS The overall incidence of PONV during the first 48 h after surgery was similar between the two groups (68 vs 56%, ketamine and control group, P=0.382). The total dose of fentanyl used during the first 48 h after operation was lower in the ketamine group than in the control group [mean (SD), 773 (202) μg vs 957 (308) μg, P=0.035]. The intensity of nausea (11-point verbal numerical rating scale) was higher in the ketamine group during the first 6 h after operation [median (interquartile range), 6 (3-7) vs 2 (1.5-3.5), P=0.039], postoperative 12-24 h [5 (4-7) vs 2 (1-3), P=0.014], and postoperative 36-48 h [5 (4-7) vs 2 (1-3), P=0.036]. Pain intensities were similar between the groups. CONCLUSIONS Ketamine did not reduce the incidence of PONV and exerted a negative influence on the severity of nausea. It was, however, able to reduce postoperative fentanyl consumption in patients at high-risk of PONV.
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Park SJ, Shin JI. Another beneficial effect of rituximab on refractory ANCA-associated vasculitis: the role of interleukin-17 suppression? Scand J Immunol 2013; 77:221. [PMID: 23298391 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Hwang JY, Han SH, Park SH, Park SJ, Park S, Oh SH, Kim JH. Interrupting gel layer between Double cuffs prevents fluid leakage past tracheal tube cuffs. Br J Anaesth 2013; 111:496-504. [PMID: 23670722 DOI: 10.1093/bja/aet152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current tracheal tubes (TTs) cannot guarantee a perfect seal against pulmonary aspiration of upper airway secretions. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a gel layer between the tracheal tube with double cuffs (Double cuffs) prevents fluid leakage past TT cuffs. METHODS In vitro fluid leakage tests were performed using the Double cuff with or without a gel layer between the two cuffs and four commercially available TTs (Euromedical Standard TT, Mallinckrodt Hi-Lo™, Microcuff, and Mallinckrodt TaperGuard™) when placed in artificial tracheas with three-different internal diameters (ID; 16, 20, and 22 mm). Blue-dyed water (5 ml) was placed above the cuff, and the extent of fluid leakage was observed for 48 h. Each test was repeated five times with new tubes at six different intracuff pressures (15, 20, 25, 30, 40, and 50 cm H2O). RESULTS In all of the conventional TTs and the Double cuff without a gel layer, fluid leakage was observed even at clinically acceptable intracuff pressures (25-30 cm H2O). However, in the Double cuff with a gel layer, no fluid leakage was observed for 48 h at all intracuff pressures in three-different sized artificial tracheas. At an intracuff pressure of 20 cm H2O in a 20 mm ID trachea, the average volume of injected gel was 2.0 ml. After removal of the TT, the mean volume of the remaining gel in the trachea was 0.10 ml. CONCLUSIONS A prototype TT with gel-layered Double cuffs completely blocked fluid leakage past the cuffs for 48 h in a bench-top model. Clinical studies are required to determine whether this TT reduces the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia.
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Park SJ, Choi HR, Nam KM, Na JI, Huh CH, Park KC. Immediate induction of heat shock proteins is not protective against cryopreservation in normal human fibroblasts. CRYO LETTERS 2013; 34:239-247. [PMID: 23812313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) were first identified as proteins whose synthesis was enhanced by stresses, such as increased temperature. HSPs can protect cells from various cytotoxic factors by stabilizing proteins. Thus, it could be hypothesized that heat induced HSPs can provide protective effects against cryopreservation-induced cell death. The aim of this study was to determine whether induction of HSPs can increase the cell viability of normal human fibroblasts after cryopreservation. Cytotoxic effects of heat treatment were tested and the induction of HSPs was assessed by examining time-dependent HSP expression. A cell counting method using fluorescence microscopy was used to determine the viability of cells. In addition, the effects of geranylgeranylacetone were evaluated in terms of HSP expression and cytoskeleton changes. The results of this study showed that immediate induction of HSPs does not protect normal human fibroblasts against cryopreservation-induced cell death possibly by inducing cytoskeleton changes.
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Buchanan GL, Chieffo A, Meliga E, Mehran R, Park SJ, Onuma Y, Capranzano P, Valgimigli M, Jegere S, Makkar R, Palacios IF, Kim YH, Buszman P, Charavarty T, Sheiban I, Naber C, Margey R, Agnihotri A, Marra S, Davide D, Leon M, Fajadet J, Lefevre T, Morice MC, Erglis A, Tamburino C, Alfieri O, Serruys PW, Colombo A. 058 THE ROLE OF FEMALE SEX IN THE CONTEMPORARY TREATMENT OF THE LEFT MAIN CORONARY ARTERY INSIGHTS FROM THE W-DELTA (WOMEN-DRUG ELUTING STENT FOR LEFT MAIN CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE) REGISTRY. BRITISH HEART JOURNAL 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2013-304019.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Hong JT, Lee KM, Son BH, Park SJ, Park DJ, Park JY, Lee S, Ahn YH. Terahertz conductivity of reduced graphene oxide films. OPTICS EXPRESS 2013; 21:7633-7640. [PMID: 23546146 DOI: 10.1364/oe.21.007633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We performed time-domain terahertz (THz) spectroscopy on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) network films coated on quartz substrates from dispersion solutions by spraying method. The rGO network films demonstrate high conductivity of about 900 S/cm in the THz frequency range after a high temperature reduction process. The frequency-dependent conductivities and the refractive indexes of the rGO films have been obtained and analyzed with respect to the Drude free-electron model, which is characterized by large scattering rate. Finally, we demonstrate that the THz conductivities can be manipulated by controlling the reduction process, which correlates well with the DC conductivity above the percolation limit.
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Han SH, Oh AY, Jung CW, Park SJ, Kim JH, Nahm FS. The effect of the jaw-thrust manoeuvre on the ability to advance a tracheal tube over a bronchoscope during oral fibreoptic intubation. Anaesthesia 2013; 68:472-7. [PMID: 23573843 DOI: 10.1111/anae.12176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
During fibreoptic intubation, it is often difficult to advance a tracheal tube over the fibreoptic bronchoscope. We performed a prospective randomised study to investigate the effect of the jaw-thrust manoeuvre on the ability to advance a tracheal tube during oral fibreoptic intubation. After placing the bronchoscope in the trachea, an assistant randomly applied a jaw-thrust manoeuvre (jaw-thrust group) or sham manoeuvre (control group) in 82 patients during tube advancement. The jaw-thrust group had a higher success rate on the first attempt (70.7% vs 34.1%, p = 0.002), required fewer attempts (median (IQR [range]) 1 (1-2 [1-3]) vs 2 (1-3 [1-4]), p < 0.001), and took less time [6 (4-8 [2-16]) s vs 10 (7-15 [3-40]) s, p < 0.001] for tube advancement compared with the control group. The jaw-thrust manoeuvre facilitates the advancement of a tracheal tube over the bronchoscope during oral fibreoptic intubation.
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Nguyen VG, Kim HK, Moon HJ, Park SJ, Chung HC, Choi MK, Park BK. A Bayesian phylogeographical analysis of type 1 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). Transbound Emerg Dis 2013; 61:537-45. [PMID: 23336975 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Understanding viral transmission is an important factor for the effective prevention one of the most devastating swine diseases, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome. Focusing on molecular epidemiology of type 1 PRRSV, this study analysed a large ORF5 dataset collected worldwide from 1991 to 2012 using a coalescent-based Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo approach. The results suggested that the virus diversified into unique subpopulations in Russia & Belarus and Italy approximately 100 years ago. Previously unreported consecutive diffusions of the virus were identified, which showed that some countries, such as Spain and Germany, acted as distribution sources to some extent. This study also provided statistical evidence for the existence of an ORF5-based phylogeographical structure of type 1 PRRSV, in which the virus tended to cluster by geographical locations more tightly than expected by chance. In contrast to this tight geographical structure, the evolution of the ORF5 gene, based on mapping of non-synonymous/synonymous substitutions, was best described by a non-homogeneous process that could be implicated as a mechanism for viral immune evasion.
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Hong M, Kang B, Na W, An D, Moon H, Kim DJ, Oh J, Park SJ, Poo H, Kim JK, Kim J, Song D. Prolonged shedding of the canine influenza H3N2 virus in nasal swabs of experimentally immunocompromised dogs. Clin Exp Vaccine Res 2013; 2:66-8. [PMID: 23596593 PMCID: PMC3623504 DOI: 10.7774/cevr.2013.2.1.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Revised: 11/09/2012] [Accepted: 11/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The avian origin canine influenza virus H3N2 has been recently isolated and found to be currently in dog population in South Korea and China. The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between immunosuppressive glucocorticoids used in veterinary clinical practice and viral shedding pattern of influenza in dogs. Materials and Methods Eight conventional beagle dogs were divided into control infection group and immunocompromised group. Dogs of both groups were infected with H3N2 canine influenza virus (2×106.0 EID50/0.1 mL). Dogs in immunocompromised group were given orally 3.0 mg/kg prednisolone for 7 days. Virus shedding was monitored using real-time polymerase chain reaction. After necropsy, histopathologic lesions were compared. Results We found that immunocompromised dogs exhibited more prolonged (8 days vs. 13 days) and higher magnitude viral shedding than control group (peak titer of viral shedding 4.6 vs. 5.5 EID50). Conclusion Restricted use of immunosuppressive drugs in the clinical setting might help control the rapid spread of H3N2 through local dog populations.
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Park SJ, Shin JI. The effect of smoking on response and drug survival in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with their first anti-TNF drug: comments on the article by Söderlin et al. Scand J Rheumatol 2013; 41:411-2. [PMID: 23043533 DOI: 10.3109/03009742.2012.698394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Park SJ, Park SH, Choi YJ, Kim DW, Son EJ, Lee HS, Yoon JH, Kim EK, Moon HJ, Kwak JY. Interobserver variability and diagnostic performance in US assessment of thyroid nodule according to size. ULTRASCHALL IN DER MEDIZIN (STUTTGART, GERMANY : 1980) 2012; 33:E186-E190. [PMID: 23108925 DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1325404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the interobserver variability for US assessments of thyroid nodules and analyze the diagnostic performances of US assessments in thyroid nodules according to nodule size. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was an IRB-approved retrospective study with waiver of informed consent. A total of 400 surgically-confirmed thyroid nodules were included. Nodules were divided into 4 groups by size; group 1 (nodule size < 5 mm), group 2 (5 mm ≤ nodule size < 10 mm), group 3 (10 mm ≤ nodule size < 20 mm), and group 4 (nodule size ≥ 20 mm). Three experienced (7 - 10 years) radiologists retrospectively reviewed the US images. Agreement of each US descriptor and final US assessment, and diagnostic performances were calculated in each group and compared. RESULTS Composition represented substantial or good agreement (k = 0.719 - 0.89). Margin showed the lowest agreement (k = 0.322 - 0.365). Individual kappa values for final assessment according to nodule size were as follows: group 1 (k = 0.674), group 2 (k = 0.596), group 3 (k = 0.674), and group 4 (k = 0.673). Specificity, PPV, and accuracy were significantly different among the groups with different size (p value < 0.05) and lowest in group 1. NPV, specificity, PPV and accuracy except PPV of observer 3 increased with nodule size (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Interobserver agreements were relatively good (k = 0.637) in final US assessment regardless of nodule size in experienced radiologists. High false-positive rate was observed in US assessment in nodules less than 5 mm in maximum diameter.
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Lee EK, Kim JA, Kim JS, Park SJ, Heo K, Yang KM, Son TG. Activation of de novo GSH synthesis pathway in mouse spleen after long term low-dose γ-ray irradiation. Free Radic Res 2012; 47:89-94. [PMID: 23136969 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2012.747678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH) is an important cellular antioxidant and has a critical role in maintaining the balance of cellular redox. In this study, we investigated the GSH biosynthesis genes involved in the elevation of endogenous GSH levels using an irradiation system with an irradiation dose rate of 1.78 mGy/h, which was about 40,000 times less than the dose rates used in other studies. The results showed that GSH levels were significantly increased in the low-dose (0.02 and 0.2 Gy) irradiated group compared to those in the non-irradiated group, but enzymatic antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase and catalase were not induced at any doses tested. The elevation in GSH was accompanied by elevated expression of glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit, but no changes were observed in the expression of glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit and thioredoxin in de novo GSH synthesis. In the case of genes involved in the GSH regeneration cycle, the expression of glutathione reductase was not changed after irradiation, whereas glutathione peroxidase was only increased in the 0.2 Gy irradiated group. Collectively, our results suggest that the de novo pathway, rather than the regeneration cycle, may be mainly switched on in response to stimulation with long-term low-dose radiation in the spleen.
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Kim HH, Park SJ, Park MI, Moon W. Hyaluronic acid injection for sustained control of bleeding from a sclerotic ulcer base. Endoscopy 2012; 44 Suppl 2 UCTN:E169-70. [PMID: 22622726 DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1291756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
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Park SJ, Shin JI. Association between myasthenia gravis and systemic lupus erythematosus: three case reports and review of the literature: comments on the article by I Castrejón et al. Scand J Rheumatol 2012; 41:409; author reply 409-10. [PMID: 23043444 DOI: 10.3109/03009742.2012.672594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Park SJ, Shon OJ, Rim JA, Lee JK, Kim JS, Nam H, Kim H. Calixazacrown ethers for copper(II) ion-selective electrode. Talanta 2012; 55:297-304. [PMID: 18968373 DOI: 10.1016/s0039-9140(01)00420-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2001] [Revised: 04/19/2001] [Accepted: 04/23/2001] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Five novel 1,3-alternate calix[4]azacrown ethers having 2-picolyl, 3-picolyl, and benzyl unit on the nitrogen atom were synthesized and used as ionophores for transition metal-selective polymeric membrane electrodes. The electrode based on 2-picolyl armed 1,3-alternate calix [4] azacrown ether exhibited Nernstian response toward copper (II) ion over a concentration range (10(-4.5) M-10(-2.5) M). The detection limit was determined as 10(-5) M in pH 7 and the selectivity coefficients for possible interfering cations were evaluated. Anions in the sample solution strongly affected the electrode response.
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Jung JW, Lee JS, Kwon N, Park SJ, Chang S, Kim J, Pyo J, Kohmura Y, Nishino Y, Yamamoto M, Ishikawa T, Je JH. Fast microtomography using bright monochromatic x-rays. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2012; 83:093704. [PMID: 23020380 DOI: 10.1063/1.4751853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A fast microtomography system for high-resolution high-speed imaging has been developed using bright monochromatic x-rays at the BL29XU beamline of SPring-8. The shortest scan time for microtomography we attained was 0.25 s in 1.25 μm effective pixel size by combining the bright monochromatic x-rays, a fast rotating sample stage, and a high performance x-ray imaging detector. The feasibility of the tomography system was successfully demonstrated by visualization of rising bubbles in a viscous liquid, an interesting issue in multiphase flow physics. This system also provides a high spatial (a measurable feature size of 300 nm) or a very high temporal (9.8 μs) resolution in radiographs.
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Lee JY, Park SJ, Kim SH, Kim MH. Prenatal administration of dexamethasone during early pregnancy negatively affects placental development and function in mice. J Anim Sci 2012; 90:4846-56. [PMID: 22871938 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2012-5090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prenatal treatment of dexamethasone, a synthetic stress hormone, leads to low birth weight and affects adult pathophysiology. Because fetal growth and survival are critically dependent on successful placental development, we aimed to investigate the effects of prenatal dexamethasone exposure on placental growth and function, particularly focusing on issues surrounding the time of stress exposure in a developmental context. Dexamethasone was administered at a dosage of 1 mg/kg BW (DEX1) or 10 mg/kg BW (DEX10) intraperitoneally at gestational d 7.5, 8.5, and 9.5 in pregnant mice. Placentas were then dissected at gestational d 11.5 and 18.5. Placental size and weight were reduced at d 11.5 in a dose-dependent manner (P = 0.11 for saline vs. DEX1 and P < 0.001 for DEX1 vs. DEX10 in size; P = 0.34 for saline vs. DEX1 and P < 0.01 for DEX1 vs. DEX10 in weight). In contrast, a considerable heterogeneity was shown at d 18.5, especially in DEX10-treated mice. Some placentas were small and malformed whereas some were enlarged with structural abnormalities in spongiotrophoblasts and labyrinth layers. Although placental overgrowth under such condition seemed to compromise fetal demand for nutrient supply, disorganized cell structure with reduced fetal vasculature observed in large placentas suggests that prenatal stress exposure during the early gestational period negatively affects placental development and efficiency.
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Park SJ, Shin JI. Interleukin-17 and B cell-activating factor in Kawasaki disease and juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2012; 21:1260. [PMID: 22868216 DOI: 10.1177/0961203312457211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Park SJ, Park JE, Shin JI. Systemic lupus erythematosus and hypercalcaemia: comment on the article by TP Karageorgas et al. Scand J Rheumatol 2012; 41:323. [PMID: 22804719 DOI: 10.3109/03009742.2012.673636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Park SJ, Kim HT, Lee DH, Kim KP, Kim SW, Suh C, Lee JS. Efficacy of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors for brain metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer patients harboring either exon 19 or 21 mutation. Lung Cancer 2012; 77:556-60. [PMID: 22677429 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2012.05.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2012] [Revised: 04/30/2012] [Accepted: 05/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring an activating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation shows good and rapid response to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). We prospectively evaluated the efficacy of EGFR TKI for metastatic brain tumors in NSCLC patients harboring EGFR mutation. This was an open-label, single-institution, phase II study. Patients diagnosed with NSCLC harboring EGFR mutation and measurable metastatic brain tumors were eligible. They received either erlotinib or gefitinib once a day. Out of total 28 patients enrolled, 23 patients (83%) showed a partial response (PR) and 3 patients (11%) did stable disease (SD), giving a disease control rate of 93%. Median progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 6.6 months (95% CI, 3.8-9.3 months) and 15.9 months (95% CI, 7.2-24.6 months), respectively. There was no difference in PFS and OS according to EGFR TKIs used. After discontinuation of the treatment, 14 patients (50%) received local therapy for metastatic brain tumors during their disease course, either whole brain radiotherapy or radiosurgery, giving a local therapy-free interval of 12.6 months (95% CI, 7.6-17.6 months). EGFR TKI therapy might be the treatment of choice for metastatic brain tumors in NSCLC patients harboring an activating EGFR mutation.
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Cha JG, Yoo JH, Kim HK, Park JM, Paik SH, Park SJ. PET/CT and MRI of intra-osseous haemangioma of the tibia. Br J Radiol 2012; 85:e94-8. [PMID: 22457416 DOI: 10.1259/bjr/35251836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Intra-osseous haemangioma is a rare, benign neoplasm that usually involves the vertebrae and craniofacial bones. Furthermore, its occurrence in the long bones is extremely rare. We report the findings of fluorine-18-fludeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/CT and MRI in a patient with intra-osseous haemangioma in the proximal tibia, who was initially misdiagnosed as having a malignancy based on (18)F-FDG PET/CT. (18)F-FDG PET/CT showed a well-marginated osteolytic lesion with abnormal FDG uptake. The mass demonstrated low signal intensity on T(1) weighted MRI. On T(2) weighted images, the lesion appeared as a cluster of high signal intensity lobules and showed strong enhancement on contrast-enhanced T(1) weighted images. Surgical curettage was performed and histopathological examination of the excised tissue confirmed a cavernous haemangioma.
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Park SJ, Shin JI. Nutcracker syndrome: Is it really a rare cause of hematuria? Comment on: Le syndrome casse-noisette (Nutcracker) : une cause rare d'hématurie. Arch Pediatr 2011;18:1188-90. Arch Pediatr 2012; 19:658. [PMID: 22584199 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2012.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2012] [Accepted: 03/15/2012] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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