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Chen SY, Ma X, Zhang XQ, Huang LK, Zhou JN. Genetic diversity and relationships among accessions of five crested wheatgrass species (Poaceae: Agropyron) based on gliadin analysis. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2013; 12:5704-13. [PMID: 24301939 DOI: 10.4238/2013.november.18.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Agropyron Gaertn. is the most important genus in Triticeae (Poaceae), which includes many forage grasses with high economic value. The genetic diversity and relationships of 36 accessions from five crested wheatgrass species were analyzed by gliadin markers. A total of 54 product bands were detected after acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (A-PAGE), of which 100% were polymorphic. The genetic similarity coefficient based on Nei-Li's method ranged from 0.065 to 0.755 with an average of 0.451. The Shannon diversity information index showed that there was a high level of genetic diversity among the accessions. An unweighted pair group method with arithmetic average (UPGMA) dendrogram was constructed based on the Nei-Li's genetic similarity coefficients, which showed the phylogenetic relationships among accessions of different species. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that the proportion of variance explained by inter- and intraspecific variance was 9.34 and 90.66%, respectively, which revealed that the genetic variations within species were higher than the variations among species. Based on pairwise genetic distances (ΦST) among species, the cluster analysis indicated that A. mongolicum had a low-affinity relationship with other species, while A. fragile showed a close relationship with A. cristatum ssp pectinatum. Finally, the implications of the results for the taxonomy of Agropyron were discussed.
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Zhang GW, Zhang WX, Chen SY, Yoshimura Y, Isobe N, Lai SJ. Dectin-1 gene polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to nonspecific digestive disorders and cytokine expression in rabbits. J Anim Sci 2013; 91:4051-9. [PMID: 23893974 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2013-6461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Dectin-1 plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of intestinal inflammation by recognizing the pathogenic agents and mediating cytokine responses. The objective of this study was to establish the association between dectin-1 polymorphisms and susceptibility to nonspecific digestive disorders (NSDD) and cytokine expression in rabbits. A total of 7 coding SNP were detected in dectin-1 gene. The genetic association between SNP (ss707197675A > G) and susceptibility to NSDD was evaluated using a case-control study (178 cases and 174 controls). The results revealed that the A allele was associated with an increased risk of developing NSDD in rabbits. The AA genotype significantly increased the genetic susceptibility to NSDD with odds ratio of 4.76 (95% confidence interval, 1.92-12.50, P = 0.0002) compared with GG and GA genotypes. We also experimentally induced NSDD in another independent growing rabbit population by feeding a low-fiber diet and subsequently investigated the cytokine mRNA expression. Among the 4 studied cytokines, the expression of interferon-γ, IL-17F, and IL-22 were increased 2.8 to 6.0-fold in AA genotype compared with GG genotype (P < 0.01). The greater IL-17F and IL-22 mRNA expressions indicated a positive correlation with severe intestinal inflammation (P < 0.05). The decreased expression of IL-10 was associated with severe intestinal inflammation (P = 0.006), but IL-10 expression was not influenced by dectin-1 genotype. In conclusion, polymorphism ss707197675 of dectin-1 is related with susceptibility to NSDD and increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines, and dectin-1 could be an important candidate gene associated with NSDD in rabbits.
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Chen SY, Lee YC, Alas V, Greene M, Brixner D. Outcomes associated with concordance of oral antidiabetic drug treatments to prescribing information in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease. J Med Econ 2013; 16:586-95. [PMID: 23402560 DOI: 10.3111/13696998.2013.775135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This retrospective study aims to examine the association between prescribing information (PI)-concordant oral antidiabetic drug (OAD) treatment and clinical and economic outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and stages 3-5 chronic kidney disease (CKD). METHODS The study used a large, national administrative claims database with laboratory findings to identify patients with a diagnosis of diabetes and indication of stages 3-5 CKD (first observed indication as the index date) between 1/1/2005 and 30/06/2009. OADs prescribed during 6 months following the index date (baseline period) were evaluated and patients were considered non-PI-concordant if any did not meet the recommendations regarding patients with renal impairment. Glycemic control and measures of healthcare costs (standardized to 2010 US dollars using the Consumer Price Index) and resource utilization were assessed during the 12 months following the baseline period. Severe hypoglycemic events were assessed after the baseline period until lost to follow-up. Regression analyses were performed after adjusting for demographic and clinical characteristics. RESULTS Among the 3300 patients included in the study, 2454 (74.4%) were non-PI-concordant. The non-PI-concordant patients had higher risk of severe hypoglycemic events identified in all settings (HR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.10-1.67) and events identified in inpatient hospital setting (HR = 2.51, 95% CI: 1.49-4.22), were more likely to have inpatient hospital admissions (OR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.02-1.57), and were less likely to have glycemic control (OR = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.44-0.71). Annual diabetes-related cost was $1638 higher in the non-PI-concordant cohort (p = 0.0048). LIMITATION The retrospective cohort design does not allow for conclusions to be drawn on the causal effect of PI-concordant use based on the associations observed. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest PI-concordant treatment to be associated with better clinical and diabetes-associated economic outcomes. Future research is warranted to confirm the associations found in this study.
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Guo GL, Chen SY, Zhang W, Zhang C, He L. Diagnosis value of hysteroscopy for chronic endometritis. CLIN EXP OBSTET GYN 2013; 40:250-252. [PMID: 23971252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the correlation of hysteroscopy in the diagnosis of chronic endometritis (CE) with histology and assess its reliability. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two hundred eleven patients with CE diagnosed by hysteroscopy were selected as the case group, and 30 cases without endometritis diagnosed by hysteroscopy were selected as the control group. Hysteroscopy and endometrial biopsy were carried out in all patients with endometrial hyperplasia. RESULTS Among 211 patients with CE diagnosed by hysteroscopy, 200 cases were confirmed histologically. There was a significant correlation (p < 0.001) between characterization of CE by hysteroscopy and pathological grading. In 173 cases (86.5%), both histological and hysteroscopic grading were consistent (Kappa value = 0.62). CONCLUSION Hysteroscopy is reliable in diagnosing CE and it can assess clinical effectiveness of antibiotic therapy.
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Lin WC, Weng YM, Chan YL, Chang H, Huang SL, Chen SY. Acute Myocardial Injury in a 45-year-old Female: Hypereosinophilic Syndrome. HONG KONG J EMERG ME 2013. [DOI: 10.1177/102490791302000111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) can cause eosinophilic infiltration in multiple organ systems resulting in organ damage. Among all, cardiac involvement is the major cause of morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are important to improve the prognosis. We reported a 45-year-old woman with a history of eosinophilia presented with chest pain in our emergency department. Laboratory tests revealed marked eosinophilia and elevated cardiac markers. A neurological event, presenting as right-side limb weakness, supervened later. The diagnosis of HES was established, and prompt treatment with corticosteroids, hydroxyurea, and imatinib resolved the eosinophilia; further cardiac and neurological injury was thus prevented. This case reminds us to consider and, if applicable, to provide the appropriate management for HES in the context of making a differential diagnosis in clinical situations involving organ damage.
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Du R, Meng W, Chen ZF, Zhang Y, Chen SY, Ding Y. Post-treatment human papillomavirus status and recurrence rates in patients treated with loop electrosurgical excision procedure conization for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2013; 34:548-551. [PMID: 24601049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF INVESTIGATION The aim of the study was to evaluate the rate of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection clearance after loop electrosurgical excision (LEEP) procedure conization for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and the factors related to such clearance and to assess the relation between HPV and recurrence. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total 141 patients who underwent LEEP owing to high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) associated with CIN were involved this study. All patients with negative margins on LEEP specimens were followed up with HPV testing and cervical smear after three, six, nine, and 12 months post-treatment. If necessary, cervical biopsy under colposcopy was performed. RESULTS LEEP can effectively eliminate HPV infection. Most patients cleared HPV infection within six months. The persistent HPV infection rates were 44.6%,10.6%, 5.7%, and 2.1% after three, six, nine, and 12 months, respectively. The clearance rates were significantly slower in patients with HPV 16 infection, and not differ significantly by age, parity, and pathologic degree. Patients with persistent HR-HPV infection after treatment had a significantly higher risk for recurrence/residual after LEEP compared to patients with negative HPV infection. CONCLUSION The authors concluded that patients who were positive for HPV infection, especially for HPV 16, should be followed up closely after treatment.
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Chen SY, Sheaffer CC, Wyse DL, Nickel P, Kandel H. Plant-parasitic Nematode Communities and Their Associations with Soil Factors in Organically Farmed Fields in Minnesota. J Nematol 2012; 44:361-9. [PMID: 23482641 PMCID: PMC3592368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2011] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A survey was conducted to determine the assemblage and abundance of plant-parasitic nematodes and their associations with soil factors in organically farmed fields in Minnesota. A total of 31 soil samples were collected from southeast (SE), 26 samples from southwest (SW), 28 from west-central (WC), and 23 from northwest (NW) Minnesota. The assemblage and abundance of plant-parasitic nematodes varied among the four regions. The soybean cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines, the most destructive pathogen of soybean, was detected in 45.2, 88.5, 10.7, and 0% of organically farmed fields with relative prominence (RP) values of 10.3, 26.5, 0.6, and 0 in the SE, SW, WC, and NW regions, respectively. Across the four regions, other common genera of plant-parasitic nematodes were Helicotylenchus (42.6, RP value, same below), Pratylenchus (26.9), Tylenchorhynchus and related genera (9.4), Xiphinema (5.6), and Paratylenchus (5.3). Aphelenchoides, Meloidogyne, Hoplolaimus, Mesocriconema, and Trichodorus were also detected at low frequencies and/or low population densities. The similarity index of plant-parasitic nematodes between two regions ranged from 0.44 to 0.71 and the similarity increased with decreasing distance between regions. The densities of most plant-parasitic nematodes did not correlate with measured soil factors (organic matter, pH, texture). However, the densities of Pratylenchus correlated negatively with % sand, and Xiphinema was correlated negatively with soil pH.
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Chen SY, Tenforde TS. Optimizing decision making for late-phase recovery one year after the Fukushima nuclear accident. JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION 2012; 32:191-192. [PMID: 22674029 DOI: 10.1088/0952-4746/32/2/l01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
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Luo L, Huang FY, Guo GJ, Tanner PA, Chen J, Tao YT, Zhou J, Yuan LY, Chen SY, Chueh YL, Fan HH, Li KF, Cheah KW. Efficient doping and energy transfer from ZnO to Eu3+ ions in Eu(3+)-doped ZnO nanocrystals. JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2012; 12:2417-2423. [PMID: 22755068 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2012.5779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Successful doping of Eu3+ ions into ZnO nanocrystals has been realized by using a low temperature wet chemical doping technique. The substitution of Eu3+ for Zn2+ is shown to be dominant in the Eu-doped ZnO nanocrystals by analyzing the X-ray diffraction patterns, transmission electron microscopy images, Raman and selectively excited photoluminescence spectra. Measurement of the luminescence from the samples shows that the excited ZnO transfers the excited energy efficiently to the doped Eu3+ ions, giving rise to efficient emission at red spectral region. The red emission quantum yield is measured to be 31% at room temperature. The temperature dependence of photoluminescence and the photoluminescence excitation spectra have also been investigated, showing strong energy coupling between the ZnO host and Eu3+ ions through free and bound excitons. The result indicates that Eu3+ ion-doped ZnO nanocrystals are promising light-conversion materials and have potential application in highly distinguishable emissive flat panel display and LED backlights.
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Wang JG, Peng JJ, Chen HR, Chen SY. First Report of Basella rugose mosaic virus Infecting Four O'Clock (Mirabilis jalapa) in China. PLANT DISEASE 2012; 96:294. [PMID: 30731830 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-07-11-0586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Four o'clock (Mirabilis jalapa) and M. himalaica var. chinensis are members of the family Nyctaginaceae and are widely distributed weeds in Yunnan Province, China. In 2009, mosaic and malformation symptoms were observed on leaves of the four o'clock on the campus of Yunnan Agricultural University and in the Black Dragon Pool Park in Kunming City, China. More than 30% of the four o'clock plants showed symptoms of the disease. Sap from leaves of symptomatic four o'clock plants caused local chlorotic and necrotic lesions in inoculated Chenopodium amaranticolor after 7 to 10 days and systemic mosaic symptoms in C. quinoa and Nicotiana benthamiana after 10 to 12 days. No symptoms were observed following inoculation of sap from asymptomatic plants. A pure virus isolate (MJ) was obtained after three successive single-lesion transfers from C. amaranticolor. Following mechanical inoculation of the MJ isolate, seedlings of indicator plants, N. benthamiana, displayed mosaic symptoms. Moreover, back transmission to healthy four o'clock seedlings by leaf extracts from systemically infected N. benthamiana plants caused similar mosaic and malformation symptoms. Flexuous, filamentous particles (650 to 700 nm long and 13 nm wide) and cytoplasmic laminar aggregates and pinwheel inclusions typical of members of the genus Potyvirus were observed in infected four o'clock leaves by electron microscopy. No other virus particles were observed. Serological testing of 10 symptomatic and healthy plants using a monoclonal antibody specific for Potyvirus group members in an indirect ELISA (Agdia Inc., Elkhart, IN) also resulted in positive reactions in infected leaves, however, all healthy seedlings tested were negative. Total RNAs were extracted from infected four o'clock leaves with the RNeasy Plant Mini Kit (QIAGEN, Hilden, Germany) and the 3'-terminal portion of the viral genome (including part of the NIb polymerase, the entire coat protein (CP), and 3'-UTR) was then amplified by reverse transcription-PCR with a universal Potyviridae primer Sprimer/M4 and an M4T as the initial primer (2). A fragment of 1,720 nucleotides long were separated, purified, and cloned and three independent clones were sequenced (GenBank Accession No. JN250997). Nucleotide and amino acid sequence analysis of the putative CP gene, respectively, revealed 75.1 to 76.3% and 80.3 to 82.1% identity with the Basella rugose mosaic virus (BaRMV) (GenBank Accession Nos. DQ821938, DQ394891, and DQ821939), 77.4 and 81.0% identity with Peace lily mosaic virus (GenBank Accession No. DQ851494), and 76.0 and 81.7% identity with the Phalaenopsis chlorotic spot virus (GenBank Accession No. HM021142). However, on the basis of the CP gene sequence analyses, these three viruses shared high (>88.5 and >94.3%) CP nucleotide and amino acid identity and should be classified as the same Potyvirus species. According to the species demarcation criteria for the Potyviridae (1), the pathogen causing mosaic and malformation symptoms on four o'clock was BaRMV (3). To our knowledge, this is the first report of BaRMV in four o'clock. References: (1) M. J. Adams et al. Arch. Virol. 150:459, 2005. (2) J. Chen et al. Arch. Virol. 146:757, 2001. (3) C. H. Hung and Y. C. Chang. Plant Pathol. 55:819, 2006.
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Chen SY, Huang SW, Chiang PN, Liu JC, Kuan WH, Huang JH, Hung JT, Tzou YM, Chen CC, Wang MK. Influence of chemical compositions and molecular weights of humic acids on Cr(VI) photo-reduction. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2011; 197:337-344. [PMID: 22001571 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.09.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2011] [Revised: 09/26/2011] [Accepted: 09/26/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Humic acids (HA) strongly affect the fate of trace metals in soils and aquatic environments. One of the remarkable properties of HA is its ability to reduce Cr(VI), an extremely toxic anion. However, it is unclear which HA components are involved in Cr(VI) reduction and possess the photo-induced properties. In this study, an ultrafiltration technique was used to fractionate HAs into four fractions of different nominal molecular weights (M(w)): >100, 50-100, 10-50 and <10 kDa. Each HA fraction was characterized by spectroscopic analyses followed by examining Cr(VI) removal on each fraction of HA at pH 1-5. Spectroscopic results indicated that low-M(w) HA was enriched with polar and aromatic domains. These polar, including polar C in aliphatic region, and aromatic groups were the major sites for Cr(VI) reduction because they disappeared rapidly upon interaction with Cr(VI). As a result, low M(w) of HA exhibited greater efficiency of Cr(VI) reduction. Light induced the rapid transfer of electrons between chromate-phenol/carboxyl ester, or the formation of peroxide radicals or H(2)O(2) through the ready decay of peroxy radicals associated with polar substituents, explained the rapid scavenging of Cr(VI) on polar and aromatic groups of HAs under illumination.
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Chen SY, Chiang DP, Yao YD, Yu CC, Chen YY, Wu JM, Lin HM. Effects of Os inserted layers on the microstructures and magnetic properties of the FePt films. JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2011; 11:11133-11137. [PMID: 22409071 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2011.3997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The microstructure and magnetic properties of multilayer [Os(t)/FePt(x)]n films on a glass substrate with a 10 nm Os buffer layer by ion beam sputtering have been studied as a function of the annealing temperatures between 300 and 800 degrees C. Here, t = 0.2, 1 or 5 nm and x varied from 10, 20, 25, 50, to 100 nm with its associated n value of 10, 5, 4, 2, and 1, respectively. No diffusion evidence was found in samples with a thin Os layer and t > or = 1 nm. The average grain size of the multilayer films can be well controlled by both annealing temperature and thickness of the FePt layer by a very thin Os space layer with t > or = 1 nm. The enhancement of H(c) can be understood from the fact that for a FePt film with an Os spacer layers, the increasing number of Os layer will inhibit the grain growth of FePt grains and enriches the grain boundary. We have experimentally demonstrated that even with a very thin 1 nm Os spacer layers, the [Os(t)/FePt(x)]n multilayer films can exhibit good hard magnetic properties and are attractive candidates for ultrahigh density magnetic recording media.
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Nguyen DD, Tai NH, Chueh YL, Chen SY, Chen YJ, Kuo WS, Chou TW, Hsu CS, Chen LJ. Synthesis of ethanol-soluble few-layer graphene nanosheets for flexible and transparent conducting composite films. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2011; 22:295606. [PMID: 21680964 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/22/29/295606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We report a facile method of preparing few-layer graphene nanosheets (FLGs), which can be soluble in ethanol. Atomic force microscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy studies reveal that FLGs have average thicknesses in the range of 2.6-2.8 nm, corresponding to 8-9 layers. A graphene/nafion composite film has a sheet resistance of 9.70 kΩ/sq at the transmittance of 74.5% (at 550 nm) while the nafion film on polyethylene terephthalate has a sheet resistance of 128 kΩ/sq at transmittance of 90.0%. For the cycling/bending test, almost no change in resistance was exhibited when the film was bent at an angle up to 140°, and no obvious deviation in resistance could be found after 100 bending cycles was applied. In addition, an FLGs-poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) composite layer was demonstrated as the effective hole transporting layer to improve the hole transporting ability in an organic photovoltaic device, with which the power conversion efficiency was enhanced from 3.10% to 3.70%. The results demonstrated the promising applications of FLGs on graphene-based electronics, such as transparent electrode and flexible conducting film.
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Chen SY, Wan L, Huang CM, Huang YC, Sheu JJC, Lin YJ, Liu SP, Lan YC, Lai CH, Lin CW, Tsai CH, Tsai FJ. Genetic polymorphisms of the DNA repair gene MPG may be associated with susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis. J Appl Genet 2011; 51:519-21. [PMID: 21063071 DOI: 10.1007/bf03208883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease and can lead to deformities and severe disabilities, due to irreversible damage of tendons, joints, and bones. A previous study indicated that a DNA repair system was involved in the development of RA. In this study, we investigated the association of four N-methylpurine-DNA glycosylase (MPG) gene polymorphisms (rs3176364, rs710079, rs2858056, and rs2541632) with susceptibility to RA in 384 Taiwanese individuals (192 RA patients and 192 control subjects). Our data show a statistically significant difference in genotype frequency distributions at rs710079 and rs2858056 SNPs between RA patients and control groups (P = 0.040 and 0.029, respectively). Our data also indicated that individuals with the GG genotype at rs2858056 SNP may have a higher risk of developing RA. In addition, compared with the haplotype frequencies between case and control groups, individuals with the GCGC haplotype appeared to be at a greater risk of RA progression (P = 0.003, OR = 1.75; 95% CI = 1.20-1.55). Our results suggest that rs710079 and rs2858056 polymorphisms and the GCGC haplotype in the MPG gene are associated with the risk of RA progression, and thus may be used as molecular markers of RA if they are confirmed by further research.
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Chen WH, Chen SY, Chao SJ, Jian ZC. Butanol production from the effluent of hydrogen fermentation. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2011; 63:1236-1240. [PMID: 21436562 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2011.365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to recover butanol from the effluent of the hydrogen-producing bioreactor containing acetate, butyrate, and carbohydrate. The butanol production by Clostridium beijerinckii NRRL B592 was evaluated under both unsterilized and sterilized conditions for examining the potential of butanol production for the practical application. Sucrose of 10 g/L and butyrate of 2 g/L coupled with acetate buffer were used to mimic the effluent. Sucrose was completely consumed in the both unsterilized and sterilized conditions during acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation. However, the results illustrate that the carbohydrate consumption rate in the unsterilized condition was higher than that in the sterilized condition. The maximum butanol concentrations of 3,500 and 3,750 mg/L were achieved in the sterilized and unsterilized conditions, respectively. Meanwhile, it was found that the acetate and the butyrate concentrations of 600 and 1,500 mg/L, and 300 and 1,000 mg/L were ingested to yield butanol in the sterilized condition and in the unsterilized condition, respectively. The results concluded that high levels of acetate and butyrate could eliminate the interference of other microbial populations, resulting in the enrichment of C. beijerinckii NRRL B592 in the fermentor. The butanol production by C. beijerinckii NRRL B592 could be, therefore, produced from the effluent of the hydrogen-producing bioreactor. It promised that the microbial butanol production is one of attractive bioprocesses to recover energy from wastes.
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Wu WW, Lu KC, Wang CW, Hsieh HY, Chen SY, Chou YC, Yu SY, Chen LJ, Tu KN. Growth of multiple metal/semiconductor nanoheterostructures through point and line contact reactions. NANO LETTERS 2010; 10:3984-3989. [PMID: 20809607 DOI: 10.1021/nl101842w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Forming functional circuit components in future nanotechnology requires systematic studies of solid-state chemical reactions in the nanoscale. Here, we report efficient and unique methods, point and line contact reactions on Si nanowires, fabricating high quality and quantity of multiple nanoheterostructures of NiSi/Si and investigation of NiSi formation in nanoscale. By using the point contact reaction between several Ni nanodots and a Si nanowire carried out in situ in an ultrahigh vacuum transmission electron microscopy, multiple sections of single-crystal NiSi and Si with very sharp interfaces were produced in a Si nanowire. Owing to the supply limited point contact reaction, we propose that the nucleation and growth of the sugar cane-type NiSi grains start at the middle of the point contacts between two Ni nanodots and a Si nanowire. The reaction happens by the dissolution of Ni into the Si nanowire at the point contacts and by interstitial diffusion of Ni atoms within a Si nanowire. The growth of NiSi stops as the amount of Ni in the Ni nanodots is consumed. Additionally, without lithography, utilizing the line contact reaction between PS nanosphere-mediated Ni nanopatterns and a nanowire of Si, we have fabricated periodic multi-NiSi/Si/NiSi heterostructure nanonowires that may enhance the development of circuit elements in nanoscale electronic devices. Unlike the point contact reaction, silicide growth starts at the contact area in the line contact reaction; the different silicide formation modes resulting from point and line contact reactions are compared and analyzed. A mechanism on the basis of flux divergence is proposed for controlling the growth of the nano-multiheterostructures.
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Chen SY, Lin WC, Deng SC, Chang SC, Fu JP, Dai NT, Chen SL, Chen TM, Chen SG. Assessment of the perforators of anterolateral thigh flaps using 64-section multidetector computed tomographic angiography in head and neck cancer reconstruction. Eur J Surg Oncol 2010; 36:1004-11. [PMID: 20719469 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2010.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2010] [Revised: 06/20/2010] [Accepted: 07/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Chang DC, Lee JT, Lo CP, Fan YM, Huang KL, Kang BH, Hsieh HL, Chen SY. Hyperbaric oxygen ameliorates delayed neuropsychiatric syndrome of carbon monoxide poisoning. Undersea Hyperb Med 2010; 37:23-33. [PMID: 20369650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Delayed neuropsychiatric syndrome (DNS) is characterized by mental impairment, motor dysfunction, dementia, or psychosis that develops between a few days and weeks after acute carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning. One possible mechanism responsible for CO-mediated encephalopathy involves oxidative stress, such as lipid peroxidation, caused by the cellular uptake of CO and which leads to an inflammatory cascade. There is no current effective treatment for DNS. We applied 8-40 sessions of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO2) to patients with DNS and evaluated its effectiveness. METHODS After admission, all patients were administered piracetam or bromocriptine, or both, and received HBO2. Neuropsychiatric tests included EEG, mini-mental status examination (MMSE), brain MRI, event-related potential (ERP), and brain perfusion scan (brain SPECT). Results of these tests were compared before and after HBO2, and the clinical features were monitored during this period. RESULTS The symptoms of DNS for all patients improved significantly after HBOT. Although white matter changes remained evident in the brain MRI scans, other examinations such as EEG, MMSE, ERP, and 99mTc-ECD brain SPECT were nearly normal after HBOT. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that HBO2 decreases the severity of impairment in patients with DNS. Although a large randomized trial is required to address the efficacy of this therapy, therapeutic application of HBO2 may be recommended in patients with DNS after CO poisoning.
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Chen SY, Moss WJ, Pipkin SS, McFarland W. A novel use of AIDS surveillance data to assess the impact of initial treatment regimen on survival. Int J STD AIDS 2009; 20:330-5. [PMID: 19386970 DOI: 10.1258/ijsa.2008.008381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The expense in time and money limit the use of randomized clinical trials (RCT) and cohort studies for evaluating long-term AIDS treatment outcomes. We conducted a case-control study to characterize predictors of AIDS mortality after the availability of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in San Francisco, in which cases were matched with controls on stage of disease, year of AIDS diagnosis and year of HAART initiation. Overall, 266 cases and 1173 controls were included, representing >90% of eligible patients. The class of initial HAART regimen was not associated with mortality. Predictors of mortality were older age ([adjusted odds ratio] AOR 1.23, 95% [confidence interval] CI: 1.13-1.35), public versus private health insurance (AOR 2.80, 95% CI: 1.77-4.42), no versus private insurance (AOR 1.45, 95% CI: 1.02-2.07) and unboosted saquinavir (AOR 2.50, 95% CI: 1.34-4.65). Survival benefit was found in following the 2004 US Department of Health and Human Services preferred treatment guidelines; borderline survival benefits were found in following the guidelines from other years. Similar predictors were found for all-cause and AIDS-specific mortality. Our findings mirrored those of RCT and multi-centre cohort studies, and may be applicable to other settings. Our findings support similar survival benefit to persons initiating HAART with non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor- or protease inhibitor-based regimens.
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Chen SY, Zhang RD, Feng JG, Xiao H, Li WX, Zan RG, Zhang YP. Exploring factors shaping population genetic structure of the freshwater fish Sinocyclocheilus grahami (Teleostei, Cyprinidae). JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2009; 74:1774-1786. [PMID: 20735670 DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2009.02204.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Phylogeographical analyses on Sinocyclocheilus grahami samples from seven localities within the Lake Dianchi Basin in China were conducted to explore the main factors shaping population structure within this species. Phylogenetic and network analyses revealed two major clades in 24 mtDNA haplotypes. One clade included three haplotypes exclusively from samples of the lower basin and another clade encompassed other haplotypes from samples of the upper basin. The estimated divergence time between the two clades predated the river capture event connecting the lower and upper lake basin and thus supported geographical isolation as the main factor shaping genetic divergence between these two clades. Furthermore, analysis of molecular variance and pair-wise Phi(ST) distances revealed significant genetic differentiation within the upper basin. Mantel tests clearly supported patterns of differentiation arose purely as a result of isolation by distance. These results further highlight the importance of geographical isolation in shaping differentiation within this species.
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Chang WC, Huang SC, Sheu BC, Shih JC, Hsu WC, Chen SY, Chang DY. Changes in uterine blood flow following laparoscopic myomectomy with or without uterine artery ligation on two- and three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2009; 33:221-227. [PMID: 19086039 DOI: 10.1002/uog.6225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate differences in uterine perfusion following laparoscopic myomectomy with or without uterine artery ligation (UAL). METHODS From November 2005 to July 2007, we enrolled prospectively 105 women with symptomatic myomas who were scheduled to undergo laparoscopic myomectomy (57 with UAL (study group) and 48 without (control group)). Power Doppler ultrasound was used to evaluate uterine artery resistance (RI) and pulsatility (PI) indices and peak systolic velocity (PSV) and three-dimensional (3D) power Doppler ultrasound was used to obtain vascularization (VI), flow (FI) and vascularization flow (VFI) indices of the uterine tissue, which were calculated by VOCAL (Virtual Organ Computer-aided AnaLysis) software. RESULTS Characteristics of the myomas, operative time and duration of hospital stay were comparable between the two groups, whereas the median (range) of estimated blood loss (50 (50-200) vs. 100 (50-900) mL, P = 0.001) and the frequency of excessive bleeding of > 500 mL (0% vs. 10%, P = 0.018) were significantly lower in the study group. The RI, PI and PSV were comparable between the two groups preoperatively, significantly lower in the study group 1 week after surgery (0.69 vs. 0.74, 1.31 vs. 1.76, and 34.08 vs. 47.49, respectively, P < 0.05), and comparable again 3 months later. The myometrial VI and VFI decreased after surgery and all three 3D power Doppler indices of the study group were similar to those of the control group throughout the study period. CONCLUSION Concurrent UAL during laparoscopic myom- ectomy reduces the intraoperative blood loss and frequency of excessive bleeding without permanently compromising uterine perfusion.
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Chen SY, Costa V, Azevedo M, Baig M, Malmakov N, Luikart G, Erhardt G, Beja-Pereira A. Short communication: new alleles of the bovine kappa-casein gene revealed by resequencing and haplotype inference analysis. J Dairy Sci 2008; 91:3682-6. [PMID: 18765626 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2008-1211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that extensive undiscovered genetic diversity exists in important functional genes from domestic and wild cattle species (Bos spp.). We resequenced 483 bp of a key exon (exon IV) from the kappa (kappa)-casein gene (CSN3) for a panel of samples of domestic cattle from 8 countries and a close relative species, the gayal (Bos frontalis). Six single nucleotide polymorphisms were identified. Haplotype inference revealed 12 haplotypes, of which 8 were newly discovered. Among these 8 new haplotypes, 5 differed by one nonsynonymous mutation and 3 differed by one silent mutation from previously well-characterized CSN3 alleles. From those, one was shared by the gayal and Zebu, was different from CSN3*B at position Ile136Thr, and showed a close phylogenetic relationship with the banteng, gaur, and yak. The other 7 new haplotypes were detected in our panel of worldwide local cattle breeds but were absent from previously reported commercial breeds. These results support the hypothesis that genetic diversity at the coding region of CSN3 has been underestimated. This study also highlights how important it is to resequence functionally important genes in worldwide local cattle breeds, many of which are threatened by extinction or replacement by commercial breeds.
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Wang TD, Lin YY, Chen SY, Chiang AC, Lin ST, Huang YC. Low-threshold, narrow-line THz-wave parametric oscillator with an intra-cavity grazing-incidence grating. OPTICS EXPRESS 2008; 16:12571-12576. [PMID: 18711493 DOI: 10.1364/oe.16.012571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We report a low-threshold, narrow-line THz-wave parametric oscillator with an intra-cavity grazing-incidence grating and a 1-mm thick, 45-mm long lithium-niobate planar waveguide. When pumped by an actively Q-switched Nd:YAG laser, the threshold energy and intensity of the parametric oscillator were about 2.2 mJ and 70 MW/cm(2), respectively. The linewidths of the output THz wave were 12 and 134 GHz with and without the intra-cavity grating, respectively.
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Lepoire D, Richmond P, Cheng JJ, Kamboj S, Arnish J, Chen SY, Barr C, McKenney C. Web-based training course for evaluating radiological dose assessment in NRC's license termination process. HEALTH PHYSICS 2008; 95 Suppl 2:S137-S142. [PMID: 18617797 DOI: 10.1097/01.hp.0000318879.25049.f1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
As part of the requirement for terminating the licenses of nuclear power plants or other nuclear facilities, license termination plans or decommissioning plans are submitted by the licensee to the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) for review and approval. Decommissioning plans generally refer to the decommissioning of nonreactor facilities, while license termination plans specifically refer to the decommissioning of nuclear reactor facilities. To provide a uniform and consistent review of dose modeling aspects of these plans and to address NRC-wide knowledge management issues, the NRC, in 2006, commissioned Argonne National Laboratory to develop a Web-based training course on reviewing radiological dose assessments for license termination. The course, which had first been developed in 2005 to target specific aspects of the review processes for license termination plans and decommissioning plans, evolved from a live classroom course into a Web-based training course in 2006. The objective of the Web-based training course is to train NRC staff members (who have various relevant job functions and are located at headquarters, regional offices, and site locations) to conduct an effective review of dose modeling in accordance with the latest NRC guidance, including NUREG-1757, Volumes 1 and 2. The exact size of the staff population who will receive the training has not yet been accurately determined but will depend on various factors such as the decommissioning activities at the NRC. This Web-based training course is designed to give NRC staff members modern, flexible access to training. To this end, the course is divided into 16 modules: 9 core modules that deal with basic topics, and 7 advanced modules that deal with complex issues or job-specific topics. The core and advanced modules are tailored to various NRC staff members with different job functions. The Web-based system uses the commercially available software Articulate, which incorporates audio, video, and animation in slide presentations and has glossary, document search, and Internet connectivity features. The training course has been implemented on an NRC system that allows staff members to register, select courses, track records, and self-administer quizzes.
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Liu J, Chen SY, Zhang DZ. Species interactions in binary particulate systems. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2008; 77:066301. [PMID: 18643365 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.77.066301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2007] [Revised: 03/19/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In many models for binary particulate systems, the relative motion between two particle species is modeled by diffusion. Recently, two-equation models have been used to improve diffusion models. While two-equation models are significant improvements to diffusion models and are applicable in modeling dilute systems, they are still theoretically inadequate for dense systems. This inadequacy directly results from the assumption that the species interaction forces in the two momentum equations sum to zero. In fact, the sum of the two forces is not zero but the divergence of an interspecies stress [Zhang, Ma, and Rauenzahn, Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 048301 (2006)]. Introduction of this interspecies stress amends the inadequacy in two-equation models. The main objective of the present paper is to examine the importance of this newly introduced interspecies stress relative to other known stresses in the system. For this purpose we numerically simulate the simplest possible granular system. The interspecies stress is of the same order of magnitude as other stresses for dense systems. Additionally, we also examine properties of the species interaction force under different conditions.
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