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Johnson T, Rovner B, Haller J. Suicide and Visual Loss: A Case Report Reflecting the Need for Recognition and Management in Ophthalmological Settings. Semin Ophthalmol 2014; 29:202-4. [DOI: 10.3109/08820538.2013.821500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Rinaldi S, Kaaks R, Friedenreich CM, Key TJ, Travis R, Biessy C, Slimani N, Overvad K, Østergaard JN, Tjønneland A, Olsen A, Mesrine S, Fournier A, Dossus L, Lukanova A, Johnson T, Boeing H, Vigl M, Trichopoulou A, Benetou V, Trichopoulos D, Masala G, Krogh V, Tumino R, Ricceri F, Panico S, Bueno-de-Mesquita HB, Monninkhof EM, May AM, Weiderpass E, Quirós JR, Travier N, Molina-Montes E, Amiano P, Huerta JM, Ardanaz E, Sund M, Johansson M, Khaw KT, Wareham N, Scalbert A, Gunter MJ, Riboli E, Romieu I. Physical activity, sex steroid, and growth factor concentrations in pre- and post-menopausal women: a cross-sectional study within the EPIC cohort. Cancer Causes Control 2014; 25:111-24. [PMID: 24173534 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-013-0314-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Increased physical activity (PA) is associated with a reduced risk of several cancers. PA may reduce cancer risk by changing endogenous hormones levels, but relatively little research has focused on this topic. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the relation between PA and endogenous hormone concentrations. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis of 798 pre- and 1,360 post-menopausal women included as controls in case-control studies on endogenous hormones (steroids, progesterone, sex-hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and growth factors) levels, and cancer risk nested within European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort was performed. Multivariate regression analyses were performed to compare geometric mean levels of hormones and SHBG by categories of PA. RESULTS In pre-menopausal women, active women had 19 % significantly lower concentrations of androstenedione, 14 % lower testosterone, and 20 % lower free testosterone than inactive women, while no differences were observed for estrogens, progesterone, SHBG, and growth factors. In post-menopausal women, active women had 18 % significantly lower estradiol and 20 % lower free estradiol concentrations than inactive women, while no differences were observed for the other hormones and SHBG. More vigorous forms of physical activity were associated with higher insulin-like growth factor-I concentrations. Adjustment for body mass index did not alter the associations. Overall, the percentage of variance in hormone concentrations explained by PA levels was <2 %. CONCLUSIONS Our results support the hypothesis of an influence, although small in magnitude, of PA on sex hormone levels in blood, independent of body size.
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Citrin J, Jenko F, Mantica P, Told D, Bourdelle C, Garcia J, Haverkort JW, Hogeweij GMD, Johnson T, Pueschel MJ. Nonlinear stabilization of tokamak microturbulence by fast ions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 111:155001. [PMID: 24160605 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.155001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Nonlinear electromagnetic stabilization by suprathermal pressure gradients found in specific regimes is shown to be a key factor in reducing tokamak microturbulence, augmenting significantly the thermal pressure electromagnetic stabilization. Based on nonlinear gyrokinetic simulations investigating a set of ion heat transport experiments on the JET tokamak, described by Mantica et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 135004 (2011)], this result explains the experimentally observed ion heat flux and stiffness reduction. These findings are expected to improve the extrapolation of advanced tokamak scenarios to reactor relevant regimes.
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Motzer RJ, Johnson T, Choueiri TK, Deen KC, Xue Z, Pandite LN, Carpenter C, Xu CF. Hyperbilirubinemia in pazopanib- or sunitinib-treated patients in COMPARZ is associated with UGT1A1 polymorphisms. Ann Oncol 2013; 24:2927-8. [PMID: 24107802 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdt394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Ganesh SK, Tragante V, Guo W, Guo Y, Lanktree MB, Smith EN, Johnson T, Castillo BA, Barnard J, Baumert J, Chang YPC, Elbers CC, Farrall M, Fischer ME, Franceschini N, Gaunt TR, Gho JMIH, Gieger C, Gong Y, Isaacs A, Kleber ME, Leach IM, McDonough CW, Meijs MFL, Mellander O, Molony CM, Nolte IM, Padmanabhan S, Price TS, Rajagopalan R, Shaffer J, Shah S, Shen H, Soranzo N, van der Most PJ, Van Iperen EPA, Van Setten J, Vonk JM, Zhang L, Beitelshees AL, Berenson GS, Bhatt DL, Boer JMA, Boerwinkle E, Burkley B, Burt A, Chakravarti A, Chen W, Cooper-DeHoff RM, Curtis SP, Dreisbach A, Duggan D, Ehret GB, Fabsitz RR, Fornage M, Fox E, Furlong CE, Gansevoort RT, Hofker MH, Hovingh GK, Kirkland SA, Kottke-Marchant K, Kutlar A, LaCroix AZ, Langaee TY, Li YR, Lin H, Liu K, Maiwald S, Malik R, Murugesan G, Newton-Cheh C, O'Connell JR, Onland-Moret NC, Ouwehand WH, Palmas W, Penninx BW, Pepine CJ, Pettinger M, Polak JF, Ramachandran VS, Ranchalis J, Redline S, Ridker PM, Rose LM, Scharnag H, Schork NJ, Shimbo D, Shuldiner AR, Srinivasan SR, Stolk RP, Taylor HA, Thorand B, Trip MD, van Duijn CM, Verschuren WM, Wijmenga C, Winkelmann BR, Wyatt S, Young JH, Boehm BO, Caulfield MJ, Chasman DI, Davidson KW, Doevendans PA, FitzGerald GA, Gums JG, Hakonarson H, Hillege HL, Illig T, Jarvik GP, Johnson JA, Kastelein JJP, Koenig W, Marz W, Mitchell BD, Murray SS, Oldehinkel AJ, Rader DJ, Reilly MP, Reiner AP, Schadt EE, Silverstein RL, Snieder H, Stanton AV, Uitterlinden AG, van der Harst P, van der Schouw YT, Samani NJ, Johnson AD, Munroe PB, de Bakker PIW, Zhu X, Levy D, Keating BJ, Asselbergs FW. Loci influencing blood pressure identified using a cardiovascular gene-centric array. Hum Mol Genet 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddt177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Ghosh Dastidar A, Cengarle M, Mcalindon E, Augustine D, Vizzi V, Johnson T, Baumbach A, Strange J, Bucciarelli-Ducci C, Nightingale AK. Cost-effectiveness of non-invasive imaging guided strategy vs fractional flow reserve guided approach in patients with non-culprit lesion at primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Eur Heart J 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht309.p2933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Growdon W, Johnson T, Byron V, Foster R, Tambouret R, Schorge J, Penson R, Rueda B, Borger D. A uterine-specific PIK3CA and PTEN dual mutation signature is associated with poor prognosis. Gynecol Oncol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2013.04.275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Haber JE, Braberg H, Wu Q, Alexander R, Haase J, Ryan C, Lipkin-Moore Z, Franks-Skiba KE, Johnson T, Shales M, Lenstra TL, Holstege FCP, Johnson JR, Bloom K, Krogan NJ. Systematic triple-mutant analysis uncovers functional connectivity between pathways involved in chromosome regulation. Cell Rep 2013; 3:2168-78. [PMID: 23746449 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2013.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Revised: 03/27/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic interactions reveal the functional relationships between pairs of genes. In this study, we describe a method for the systematic generation and quantitation of triple mutants, termed triple-mutant analysis (TMA). We have used this approach to interrogate partially redundant pairs of genes in S. cerevisiae, including ASF1 and CAC1, two histone chaperones. After subjecting asf1Δ cac1Δ to TMA, we found that the Swi/Snf Rdh54 protein compensates for the absence of Asf1 and Cac1. Rdh54 more strongly associates with the chromatin apparatus and the pericentromeric region in the double mutant. Moreover, Asf1 is responsible for the synthetic lethality observed in cac1Δ strains lacking the HIRA-like proteins. A similar TMA was carried out after deleting both CLB5 and CLB6, cyclins that regulate DNA replication, revealing a strong functional connection to chromosome segregation. This approach can reveal functional redundancies that cannot be uncovered through traditional double-mutant analyses.
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Ding H, Johnson T, Lin M, Su L, Molloi S. TH-A-103-11: Breast Density Measurement with Cone-Beam CT and MRI: A Postmortem Study. Med Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4815728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Ghosh Dastidar A, Cengarle M, Vizzi V, McAlindon E, Augustine D, Jenkins N, Johnson T, Strange J, Baumbach A, Bucciarelli-Ducci C, Nightingale A. 114 ROLE AND COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF NON-INVASIVE IMAGING GUIDED APPROACH IN PATIENTS WITH NON-CULPRIT CORONARY ARTERY LESION DIAGNOSED AT PRIMARY PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION. BRITISH HEART JOURNAL 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2013-304019.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Okic M, Johnson T, Crifasi JA, Long C, Mitchell EK. Swift Onset of Central Nervous System Depression and Asystole Followingan Overdose of Guaifenesin. J Anal Toxicol 2013; 37:318-9. [DOI: 10.1093/jat/bkt030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Lechner-Tschoep K, DiGioia D, Pastore A, Johnson T, Stemmler H. Bauchschmerzen unter Therapie bei Multiplem Myelom. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2013; 138:87-8. [PMID: 23299343 DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1327383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Johnson T, Adanu R, Obama V, Guinto V, Sosa C, Addington C. I168 IJGO AUTHOR WORKSHOP: AN INSIDER'S GUIDE TO GETTING PUBLISHED. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-7292(12)60198-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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115
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Chen T, Boardman L, Johnson T. Factors associated with consistent use of condoms in college women. Contraception 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2012.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Clark J, Johnson T, Shelke N, Clark M, Doncel G, Friend D, Kiser P. A 90-day intravaginal ring for prevention of HIV acquisition and unplanned pregnancy. Contraception 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2012.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Crawford MJ, Killaspy H, Barnes TR, Barrett B, Byford S, Clayton K, Dinsmore J, Floyd S, Hoadley A, Johnson T, Kalaitzaki E, King M, Leurent B, Maratos A, O'Neill FA, Osborn D, Patterson S, Soteriou T, Tyrer P, Waller D. Group art therapy as an adjunctive treatment for people with schizophrenia: a randomised controlled trial (MATISSE). Health Technol Assess 2012; 16:iii-iv, 1-76. [PMID: 22364962 DOI: 10.3310/hta16080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of referral to group art therapy plus standard care, compared with referral to an activity group plus standard care and standard care alone, among people with schizophrenia. DESIGN A three-arm, parallel group, single-blind, pragmatic, randomised controlled trial. Participants were randomised via an independent and remote telephone randomisation service using permuted blocks, stratified by study centre. SETTING Study participants were recruited from secondary care mental health and social services in four UK centres. PARTICIPANTS Potential participants were aged 18 years or over, had a clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia, confirmed by an examination of case notes, and provided written informed consent. We excluded those who were unable to speak sufficient English to complete the baseline assessment, those with severe cognitive impairment and those already receiving arts therapy. INTERVENTIONS Group art therapy was delivered by registered art therapists according to nationally agreed standards. Groups had up to eight members, lasted for 90 minutes and ran for 12 months. Members were given access to a range of art materials and encouraged to use these to express themselves freely. Activity groups were designed to control for the non-specific effects of group art therapy. Group facilitators offered various activities and encouraged participants to collectively select those they wanted to pursue. Standard care involved follow-up from secondary care mental health services and the option of referral to other services, except arts therapies, as required. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Our co-primary outcomes were global functioning (measured using the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale - GAF) and mental health symptoms (measured using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale - PANSS) at 24 months. The main secondary outcomes were level of group attendance, social functioning, well-being, health-related quality of life, service utilisation and other costs measured 12 and 24 months after randomisation. RESULTS Four hundred and seventeen people were recruited, of whom 355 (85%) were followed up at 2 years. Eighty-six (61%) of those randomised to art therapy and 73 (52%) of those randomised to activity groups attended at least one group. No differences in primary outcomes were found between the three study arms. The adjusted mean difference between art therapy and standard care at 24 months was -0.9 [95% confidence interval (CI) -3.8 to 2.1] on the GAF Scale and 0.7 (95% CI -3.1 to 4.6) on the PANSS Scale. Differences in secondary outcomes were not found, except that those referred to an activity group had fewer positive symptoms of schizophrenia at 24 months than those randomised to art therapy. Secondary analysis indicated that attendance at art therapy groups was not associated with improvements in global functioning or mental health. Although the total cost of the art therapy group was lower than the cost of the two comparison groups, referral to group art therapy did not appear to provide a cost-effective use of resources. CONCLUSIONS Referring people with established schizophrenia to group art therapy as delivered in this randomised trial does not appear to improve global functioning or mental health of patients or provide a more cost-effective use of resources than standard care alone. TRIAL REGISTRATION Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN 46150447. FUNDING This project was funded by the NIHR Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 16, No. 8. See the HTA programme website for further project information.
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Quintana F, Rahbari R, Magalhaes S, McGowan M, Johnson T, Rajasekharan S, Weiner H, Banwell B, Bar-Or A. Specific Serum Antibody Patterns Detected with Antigen Arrays Are Associated to the Development of MS in Pediatric Patients (S60.006). Neurology 2012. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.78.1_meetingabstracts.s60.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Taha AMI, Sharif K, Johnson T, Clarke S, Murphy MS, Gupte GL. Long-term outcomes of isolated liver transplantation for short bowel syndrome and intestinal failure-associated liver disease. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2012; 54:547-51. [PMID: 22167020 DOI: 10.1097/mpg.0b013e31823f42e7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM A select group of children with short bowel syndrome (SBS) and intestinal failure-associated liver disease (IFALD) fulfill the criteria for isolated liver transplantation (iLTx). Long-term results in this group of patients have not been reported. METHODS A retrospective study of the medical records of 8 survivors of 14 children who underwent iLTx for SBS and IFALD from 1998 to 2005, managed by a multidisciplinary intestinal rehabilitation team at our institution. RESULTS Median follow-up is 107.5 months (range 89-153 months). Five of 8 children were weaned from parenteral nutrition (PN) to enteral nutrition (EN) in a median of 10 months after iLTx (range 3-32 months). Three of 5 children were subsequently weaned from EN to full oral feeding in 13, 24, and 53 months after stopping PN, whereas the remaining 2 are still receiving EN 118 and 74 months after stopping PN. These 5 children maintain their weight median z scores with a median increase of 1.59 (range 1.24-1.79) compared with the pretransplant z score, whereas the height z scores show fluctuations through the years with a median change of 0.12 (range -0.29 to 0.36). The other 3 of 8 children developed progressive intestinal failure; 2 underwent isolated small bowel transplantation 112 and 84 months after iLTx and the third is receiving PN. CONCLUSIONS Children with SBS and IFALD who have the potential for adaptation in the residual bowel can undergo iLTx, but it is a treatment option to be exercised with extreme caution. These children need close follow-up with an experienced multidisciplinary team to monitor nutritional outcomes and may need consideration for transplant or nontransplant surgery in the long term.
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Cao Y, Wang H, Feng M, Jackson A, Johnson T, Pan C, Normolle D, Ben-Josef E, Lawrence T, Ten Haken R. 288 A RESPONSE-DRIVEN NTCP MODEL BASED UPON GLOBAL AND LOCAL LIVER FUNCTION MEASURES. Radiother Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(12)70251-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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121
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Sanders G, Janevic M, Thomas L, Johnson T, Clark N. Depressive Symptoms in African American and Caucasian Women Participating in Telephone-Based Asthma Management Programs. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.12.745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Schwarz F, Sandner T, Marcus R, Baloch E, Hinkel R, Reiser M, Johnson T, Nikolaou K, Bamberg F. Comparison of Assessment of Myocardial Perfusion by CT-based Dynamic Myocardial Perfusion Imaging and Single-Phase High-Pitch Acquisitions in a Porcine Animal Model with Various Degrees of Coronary Artery Stenosis. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1300919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Onujiogu N, Johnson T, Seo S, Mijal K, Rash J, Seaborne L, Rose S, Kushner DM. Survivors of endometrial cancer: who is at risk for sexual dysfunction? Gynecol Oncol 2011; 123:356-9. [PMID: 21855974 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2011.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2011] [Accepted: 07/21/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our goal was to determine the prevalence of sexual dysfunction and identify risk factors associated with sexual morbidity in patients with early stage endometrial cancer. METHODS This prospective trial included patients with stage I-IIIa endometrial cancer, without evidence of disease, and one to five years out from primary surgical treatment. Patients who received chemotherapy were excluded. The Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) was used to measure our primary endpoint of sexual function. Other patient reported outcome indices included: Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Endometrial (FACT-En), Center for Epidemiology Studies Depression scale (CES-D), and Menopausal Rating Scale (MRS). RESULTS Of the 72 women treated for early stage endometrial cancer, 65% were married, 69% had a sexual partner, the mean age was 60, 86% had stage I disease, and 18% received radiation therapy. The median score for the FSFI was 16.6 (0-32.8; scores below 26 are diagnostic for sexual dysfunction). Eighty nine percent of the patients had a score below 26. There was a moderate correlation between the total FSFI score and FACT-En scores but not with CES-D or MRS. Histologic grade, relationship status, mental health, and diabetes significantly correlated with total FSFI scores in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION This patient population commonly thought to be at low risk actually suffers from severe sexual dysfunction. The four risk factors revealed by multivariate analysis need to be studied in greater detail in order to appropriately target patients and develop meaningful interventions.
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Hershcovici T, Jha LK, Johnson T, Gerson L, Stave C, Malo J, Knox KS, Quan S, Fass R. Systematic review: the relationship between interstitial lung diseases and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2011; 34:1295-305. [PMID: 21999527 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2011.04870.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A potential relationship has been suggested between gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and interstitial lung diseases (ILDs). AIM To evaluate whether there is a causal relationship between GERD and different ILDs. METHODS We conducted a systematic search of literature published between 1980 and 2010. After a review by two independent authors, each study was assigned an evidence-based rating according to a standard scoring system. RESULTS We identified 319 publications and 22 of them met the entry criteria. Of those, the relationship between GERD and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) was investigated in 14 articles, pulmonary involvement in systemic sclerosis (SSc) in six articles and pulmonary involvement in mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) in two articles. We found the prevalence of GERD and/or oesophageal dysmotility to be higher in patients with different types of ILD as compared with those without ILD [Evidence B]. Among patients with IPF, 67-76% demonstrated abnormal oesophageal acid exposure off PPI treatment. No relationship was demonstrated between severity of GERD and severity of IPF [Evidence B]. Data are scant on outcomes of antireflux treatment in patients with IPF. There is a correlation between the severity of ILD and the degree of oesophageal motor impairment in patients with SSc and MCTD [Evidence B]. CONCLUSIONS Based on the currently available data, a causal relationship between GERD and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis cannot be established. There is scant evidence about antireflux therapy in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients. There may be an association between lung and oesophageal involvement in systemic sclerosis and mixed connective tissue disease, but a causal relationship cannot be established.
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Mantica P, Angioni C, Challis C, Colyer G, Frassinetti L, Hawkes N, Johnson T, Tsalas M, deVries PC, Weiland J, Baiocchi B, Beurskens MNA, Figueiredo ACA, Giroud C, Hobirk J, Joffrin E, Lerche E, Naulin V, Peeters AG, Salmi A, Sozzi C, Strintzi D, Staebler G, Tala T, Van Eester D, Versloot T. A key to improved ion core confinement in the JET tokamak: ion stiffness mitigation due to combined plasma rotation and low magnetic shear. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 107:135004. [PMID: 22026864 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.135004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
New transport experiments on JET indicate that ion stiffness mitigation in the core of a rotating plasma, as described by Mantica et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 175002 (2009)] results from the combined effect of high rotational shear and low magnetic shear. The observations have important implications for the understanding of improved ion core confinement in advanced tokamak scenarios. Simulations using quasilinear fluid and gyrofluid models show features of stiffness mitigation, while nonlinear gyrokinetic simulations do not. The JET experiments indicate that advanced tokamak scenarios in future devices will require sufficient rotational shear and the capability of q profile manipulation.
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