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Knirel YA, Qian C, Senchenkova SN, Guo X, Shashkov AS, Chizhov AO, Perepelov AV, Liu B. Structure of the β-l-fucopyranosyl phosphate-containing O-specific polysaccharide of Escherichia coli O84. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 88:578-85. [PMID: 27083849 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Fine structure of the O-polysaccharide chain of the lipopolysaccharide (O-antigen) defines the serospecificity of bacterial cells, which is the basis for O-serotyping of medically and agriculturally important gram-negative bacteria including Escherichia coli. In order to obtain the O-polysaccharide for structural analysis, the lipopolysaccharide was isolated from cells of E. coli O84a by phenol/water extraction and degraded with mild acid. However, the O-polysaccharide was cleaved at a highly acid-labile β-l-fucopyranosyl phosphate (β-l-Fucp-1-P) linkage to give mainly a pentasaccharide that corresponded to the O-polysaccharide repeat. Therefore, the lipopolysaccharide and the pentasaccharide as well as their O-deacylated derivatives were studied using sugar analysis, NMR spectroscopy, and (for oligosaccharides) ESI HR MS, and the O84-polysaccharide structure was established. The O-polysaccharide is distinguished by the presence of β-l-Fucp-1-P and randomly di-O-acetylated 6-deoxy-d-talose, which are found for the first time in natural carbohydrates. The gene cluster for the O84-antigen biosynthesis was analysed and its content was found to be consistent with the O-polysaccharide structure.
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102
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Sigida EN, Fedonenko YP, Shashkov AS, Arbatsky NP, Zdorovenko EL, Konnova SA, Ignatov VV, Knirel YA. Elucidation of a masked repeating structure of the O-specific polysaccharide of the halotolerant soil bacteria Azospirillum halopraeferens Au4. Beilstein J Org Chem 2016; 12:636-42. [PMID: 27340454 PMCID: PMC4902059 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.12.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
An O-specific polysaccharide was obtained by mild acid hydrolysis of the lipopolysaccharide isolated by the phenol-water extraction from the halotolerant soil bacteria Azospirillum halopraeferens type strain Au4. The polysaccharide was studied by sugar and methylation analyses, selective cleavages by Smith degradation and solvolysis with trifluoroacetic acid, one- and two-dimensional (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy. The following masked repeating structure of the O-specific polysaccharide was established: →3)-α-L-Rhap2Me-(1→3)-[β-D-Glcp-(1→4)]-α-D-Fucp-(1→2)-β-D-Xylp-(1→, where non-stoichiometric substituents, an O-methyl group (~45%) and a side-chain glucose residue (~65%), are shown in italics.
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Shashkov AS, Zhang W, Perepelov AV, Weintraub A, Liu B, Widmalm G, Knirel YA. Structure of the O-polysaccharide of Escherichia coli O132. Carbohydr Res 2016; 427:44-7. [PMID: 27101383 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2016.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Mild acid degradation of the lipopolysaccharide of Escherichia coli O132 released its O-polysaccharide. Analysis by 1D and 2D (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy prior and subsequent to O-deacetylation, in conjunction with sugar analysis, revealed a linear pentasaccharide repeating unit of the O-polysaccharide having the following structure: →2)-α-d-Galf-(1→3)-α-l-Rhap2Ac-(1→4)-α-d-Glcp-(1→2)-α-l-Rhap-(1→3)-β-d-GlcpNAc-(1→ Putative functions of genes in the O-antigen gene cluster of E. coli O132 are consistent with the O-polysaccharide structure.
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Shashkov AS, Yang B, Senchenkova SN, Perepelov AV, Liu B, Knirel YA. Structures and genetics of biosynthesis of glycerol 1-phosphate-containing O-polysaccharides of Escherichia coli O28ab, O37, and O100. Carbohydr Res 2016; 426:26-32. [PMID: 27058293 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2016.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
O-polysaccharides of E. coli O28ab, O37, and O100 were found to contain glycerol 1-phosphate and the following structures of their oligosaccharide repeats were established by sugar analysis, Smith degradation (for O28ab), 1D and 2D (1)H, (13)C, and (13)P NMR spectroscopy: [Formula: see text]. Functions of putative glycosyltransferases genes in the O-antigen gene clusters of the strains studied were tentatively assigned based on similarities to genes of other E. coli O-serogroups available from GenBank and taking into account the O-polysaccharide structures established.
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105
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Golomidova AK, Kulikov EE, Prokhorov NS, Guerrero-Ferreira RС, Knirel YA, Kostryukova ES, Tarasyan KK, Letarov AV. Branched Lateral Tail Fiber Organization in T5-Like Bacteriophages DT57C and DT571/2 is Revealed by Genetic and Functional Analysis. Viruses 2016; 8:v8010026. [PMID: 26805872 PMCID: PMC4728585 DOI: 10.3390/v8010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The T5-like siphoviruses DT57C and DT571/2, isolated from horse feces, are very closely related to each other, and most of their structural proteins are also nearly identical to T5 phage. Their LTFs (L-shaped tail fibers), however, are composed of two proteins, LtfA and LtfB, instead of the single Ltf of bacteriophage T5. In silico and mutant analysis suggests a possible branched structure of DT57C and DT571/2 LTFs, where the LtfB protein is connected to the phage tail via the LtfA protein and with both proteins carrying receptor recognition domains. Such adhesin arrangement has not been previously recognized in siphoviruses. The LtfA proteins of our phages are found to recognize different host O-antigen types: E. coli O22-like for DT57C phage and E. coli O87 for DT571/2. LtfB proteins are identical in both phages and recognize another host receptor, most probably lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of E. coli O81 type. In these two bacteriophages, LTF function is essential to penetrate the shield of the host’s O-antigens. We also demonstrate that LTF-mediated adsorption becomes superfluous when the non-specific cell protection by O-antigen is missing, allowing the phages to bind directly to their common secondary receptor, the outer membrane protein BtuB. The LTF independent adsorption was also demonstrated on an O22-like host mutant missing O-antigen O-acetylation, thus showing the biological value of this O-antigen modification for cell protection against phages.
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106
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Perepelov AV, Guo X, Senchenkova SN, Li Y, Shashkov AS, Liu B, Knirel YA. Structure and gene cluster of the O-antigen of Escherichia coli O137. Carbohydr Res 2016; 422:13-6. [PMID: 26845703 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The O-polysaccharide (O-antigen) was isolated from the lipopolysaccharide of Escherichia coli O137 and studied by sugar analysis and NMR spectroscopy. The following structure of the branched tetrasaccharide repeating unit was established: Formula: see text] Both structure and gene cluster of the E. coli O137 polysaccharide are related to those of the E. coli K40 polysaccharide (Amor et al., 1999), which lacks the side-chain glucosylation but contains serine that is amide-linked to GlcA. Functions of genes in the O137-antigen gene cluster were assigned by a comparison with those in K40 and sequences in the available databases. Particularly, predicted glycosyltransferases encoded in the gene cluster were assigned to the formation of three glycosidic linkages in the O-polysaccharide repeating unit.
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107
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Shashkov AS, Kenyon JJ, Senchenkova SN, Shneider MM, Popova AV, Arbatsky NP, Miroshnikov KA, Volozhantsev NV, Hall RM, Knirel YA. Acinetobacter baumanniiK27 and K44 capsular polysaccharides have the same K unit but different structures due to the presence of distinctwzygenes in otherwise closely related K gene clusters. Glycobiology 2015; 26:501-8. [DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwv168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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108
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Korneev KV, Arbatsky NP, Molinaro A, Palmigiano A, Shaikhutdinova RZ, Shneider MM, Pier GB, Kondakova AN, Sviriaeva EN, Sturiale L, Garozzo D, Kruglov AA, Nedospasov SA, Drutskaya MS, Knirel YA, Kuprash DV. Structural Relationship of the Lipid A Acyl Groups to Activation of Murine Toll-Like Receptor 4 by Lipopolysaccharides from Pathogenic Strains of Burkholderia mallei, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Front Immunol 2015; 6:595. [PMID: 26635809 PMCID: PMC4655328 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is required for activation of innate immunity upon recognition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Gram-negative bacteria. The ability of TLR4 to respond to a particular LPS species is important since insufficient activation may not prevent bacterial growth while excessive immune reaction may lead to immunopathology associated with sepsis. Here, we investigated the biological activity of LPS from Burkholderia mallei that causes glanders, and from the two well-known opportunistic pathogens Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (causative agents of nosocomial infections). For each bacterial strain, R-form LPS preparations were purified by hydrophobic chromatography and the chemical structure of lipid A, an LPS structural component, was elucidated by HR-MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The biological activity of LPS samples was evaluated by their ability to induce production of proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6 and TNF, by bone marrow-derived macrophages. Our results demonstrate direct correlation between the biological activity of LPS from these pathogenic bacteria and the extent of their lipid A acylation.
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109
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Guo X, Senchenkova SN, Shashkov AS, Perepelov AV, Liu B, Knirel YA. Structure and gene cluster of the o-antigen of Escherichia coli o96. Carbohydr Res 2015; 420:1-5. [PMID: 26706815 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mild acid degradation of the lipopolysaccharide of Escherichia coli O96 afforded a mixture of two polysaccharides. The following structure of the pentasaccharide repeating unit of the major polymer was established by sugar analysis, Smith degradation, and (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy: [Formula: see text]. The O-antigen gene cluster of E. coli O96 between conserved galF and gnd genes was found to be consistent with this structure, and hence, the major polysaccharide represents the O96-antigen. The O96-antigen structure and gene cluster are similar to those of E. coli O170, and two proteins encoded in the gene clusters of both bacteria were putatively assigned a function of galactofuranosyltransferases. The minor polymer has the same structure as a peptidoglycan-related polysaccharide reported earlier in Providencia alcalifeciens O45 and several other O-serogoups of this species (Ovchinnikova OG, Liu B, Kocharova NA, Shashkov AS, Kondakova AN, Siwinska M, Feng L, Rozalski A, Wang L, Knirel YA. Biochemistry (Moscow) 2012;77:609-15) → 4)-β-D-GlcpNAc-(1 → 4)-β-D-GlcpNAc3(Rlac-lAla)-(1 → where Rlac-lAla indicates (R)-1-[(S)-1-carboxyethylaminocarbonyl]ethyl.
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110
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Senchenkova SN, Zhang Y, Perepelov AV, Guo X, Shashkov AS, Weintraub A, Liu B, Widmalm G, Knirel YA. Structure and gene cluster of the O-antigen of Escherichia coli O165 containing 5-N-acetyl-7-N-[(R)-3-hydroxybutanoyl]pseudaminic acid. Glycobiology 2015; 26:335-42. [PMID: 26582605 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwv106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Upon mild acid degradation of the lipopolysaccharide of Escherichia coli O165, the O-polysaccharide chain was cleaved at the glycosidic linkage of 5-N-acetyl-7-N-[(R)-3-hydroxybutanoyl]pseudaminic acid (Pse5Hb7Ac). Analysis of the resulting linear tetrasaccharide and alkali-treated lipopolysaccharide by (1)H/(13)C 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy enabled elucidation of the following structure of the O-polysaccharide: →8)-α-Psep5Hb7Ac-(2 → 6)-β-d-Galp-(1 → 4)-β-d-Glсp-(1 → 3)-α-d-GlсpNAc-(1→. The β-d-Galp-(1 → 4)-β-d-Glсp-(1 → 3)-d-GlсpNAc structural element is also present in the O-polysaccharide of E. coli O82. The content of the O-antigen gene cluster of E. coli O165 was found to be consistent with the O-polysaccharide structure established. Functions of proteins encoded in the gene cluster, including enzymes involved in the Pse5Hb7Ac biosynthesis and glycosyltransferases, were putatively assigned by comparison with sequences in available databases.
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111
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Shashkov AS, Kenyon JJ, Arbatsky NP, Shneider MM, Popova AV, Miroshnikov KA, Volozhantsev NV, Knirel YA. Structures of three different neutral polysaccharides of Acinetobacter baumannii, NIPH190, NIPH201, and NIPH615, assigned to K30, K45, and K48 capsule types, respectively, based on capsule biosynthesis gene clusters. Carbohydr Res 2015; 417:81-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2015] [Revised: 09/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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112
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Sigida EN, Fedonenko YP, Shashkov AS, Zdorovenko EL, Konnova SA, Ignatov VV, Knirel YA. Structure of the polysaccharides from the lipopolysaccharide of Azospirillum brasilense Jm125A2. Carbohydr Res 2015; 416:37-40. [PMID: 26343325 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2015.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Two polysaccharides were obtained by mild acid degradation of the lipopolysaccharide of associative nitrogen-fixing bacteria Azospirillum brasilense Jm125A2 isolated from the rhizosphere of a pearl millet. The following structures of the polysaccharides were established by sugar and methylation analyses, Smith degradation, and (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy: [Formula: see text] Structure 1 has been reported earlier for a polysaccharide from A. brasilense S17 (Fedonenko YP, Konnova ON, Zdorovenko EL, Konnova SA, Zatonsky GV, Shaskov AS, Ignatov VV, Knirel YA. Carbohydr Res 2008;343:810-6), whereas to our knowledge structure 2 has not been hitherto found in bacterial polysaccharides.
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113
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Perepelov AV, Guo X, Senchenkova SN, Shashkov AS, Knirel YA. Structure and genetics of biosynthesis of the glycosyl phosphate-containing O-polysaccharide of Escherichia coli O160. Carbohydr Res 2015; 417:89-93. [PMID: 26451883 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2015.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
On mild acid degradation of the lipopolysaccharide of Escherichia coli O160, the O-polysaccharide was cleaved by acid-labile glycosyl phosphate linkages in the main chain. The resultant oligosaccharide and the alkali-treated lipopolysaccharide were studied by sugar analysis along with (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopies, and the following structure of the branched pentasaccharide repeating unit of the O-polysaccharide was established: The O-antigen gene cluster of E. coli O160 was found to be consistent with the O-polysaccharide structure established.
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114
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Chen M, Shpirt AM, Guo X, Shashkov AS, Zhuang Y, Wang L, Knirel YA, Liu B. Identification serologically, chemically and genetically of two Escherichia coli strains as candidates for new O serogroups. Microbiology (Reading) 2015; 161:1790-1796. [DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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115
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Perepelov AV, Guo X, Filatov AV, Liu B, Knirel YA. Structure and gene cluster of the O-antigen of Escherichia coli O43. Carbohydr Res 2015; 416:32-6. [PMID: 26342864 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2015.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The O-polysaccharide (O-antigen) of Escherichia coli O43 was isolated from the lipopolysaccharide and studied by chemical methods, including sugar analyses, Smith degradation, and solvolysis with anhydrous trifluoroacetic acid, along with (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy. The following structure of the pentasaccharide repeating unit of the O-polysaccharide was established: [Formula: see text] Functions of genes in the O-antigen gene cluster of E. coli O43 were assigned by a comparison with sequences in the available databases and found to be in agreement with the O-polysaccharide structure.
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Perepelov AV, Shashkov AS, Guo X, Filatov AV, Weintraub A, Widmalm G, Knirel YA. Structure and genetics of the O-antigen of Escherichia coli O169 related to the O-antigen of Shigella boydii type 6. Carbohydr Res 2015; 414:46-50. [PMID: 26232763 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2015.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2015] [Revised: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The O-polysaccharide (O-antigen) of Escherichia coli O169 was studied by sugar analysis along with 1D and 2D (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy. The following structure of the branched hexasaccharide repeating unit was established: [Formula: see text] The O-polysaccharide of E. coli O169 differs from that of Shigella boydii type 6 only in the presence of a side-chain glucose residue. A comparison of the O-antigen biosynthesis gene clusters between the galF to gnd genes in the genomes of the two bacteria revealed their close relationship. The glycosyltransferase gene responsible for the formation of the β-D-Glcp-(1 → 6)-α-D-Galp linkage in the O-antigen was identified in the gene cluster.
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117
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Zdorovenko EL, Golomidova AK, Prokhorov NS, Shashkov AS, Wang L, Letarov AV, Knirel YA. Structure of the O-polysaccharide of Escherichia coli O87. Carbohydr Res 2015; 412:15-8. [PMID: 25988496 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2015.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The following structure of the O-polysaccharide of Escherichia coli HS1/2 serving as a primary receptor for bacteriophage DT57-12 was elucidated by sugar analysis along with 1D and 2D (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy: This structure is shared by E. coli O87 type strain. Putatively assigned functions of genes in the O-antigen gene cluster of E. coli O87 are consistent with the O-polysaccharide structure established.
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118
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Kondakova AN, Kirsheva NA, Arbatsky NP, Shaikhutdinova RZ, Shashkov AS, Ivanov SA, Anisimov AP, Knirel YA. Structure of a zwitterionic O-polysaccharide from Photorhabdus temperata subsp. cinerea 3240. Carbohydr Res 2015; 407:1-4. [PMID: 25699972 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2015.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Revised: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A phosphorylated O-polysaccharide was isolated from the lipopolysaccharide of an entomopathogenic bacterium Photorhabdus temperata subsp. cinerea 3240 and studied by sugar analysis, dephosphorylation, and (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy. The following structure of the linear trisaccharide repeating unit of the O-polysaccharide was established: →3)-β-D-GalpNAc4PEtN-(1→4)-β-D-GlcpA-(1→3)-β-D-FucpNAc4N-(1→ where GlcA indicates glucuronic acid, FucNAc4N 2-acetamido-4-amino-2,4,6-trideoxygalactose, and PEtN 2-aminoethyl phosphate.
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119
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Wong A, Lange D, Houle S, Arbatsky NP, Valvano MA, Knirel YA, Dozois CM, Creuzenet C. Role of capsular modified heptose in the virulence ofCampylobacter jejuni. Mol Microbiol 2015; 96:1136-58. [DOI: 10.1111/mmi.12995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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120
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Zdorovenko EL, Varbanets LD, Shashkov AS, Kiprianova EA, Knirel YA. Structure of the O-polysaccharide of the lipopolysaccharide of Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. aureofaciens UCM B-306. Carbohydr Res 2015; 410:47-50. [PMID: 25969402 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2015.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Structure of the O-specific polysaccharide from Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp. aureofaciens UCM B-306 was elucidated by sugar analysis along with 1D and 2D (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy. The polysaccharide is built up of trisaccharide repeats containing D-rhamnose, 2,4-diacetamido-2,4,6-trideoxy-D-glucose (D-QuiNAc4NAc), and 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-galacturonic acid (D-GalNAcA), which is amidated in ∼40% repeats. It was suggested that the O-polysaccharide has a blockwise structure, which can be presented as follows: -[→3)-α-D-Rhap-(1→4)-α-D-GalpNAcA-(1→3)-α-D-QuipNAc4NAc-(1-]n→ and -[→3)-α-D-Rhap-(1→4)-α-D-GalpNAcAN-(1→3)-α-D-QuipNAc4NAc-(1-]m→, where GalNAcAN indicates 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-galacturonamide, n:m=∼3:2.
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121
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Perepelov AV, Wang Q, Filatov AV, Xia X, Shashkov AS, Weintraub A, Widmalm G, Wang L, Knirel YA. Structures and gene clusters of the closely related O-antigens of Escherichia coli O46 and O134, both containing D-glucuronoyl-D-allothreonine. Carbohydr Res 2015; 409:20-4. [PMID: 25898391 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2015.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The O-polysaccharides (O-antigens) were isolated by mild acid degradation of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Escherichia coli O46 and O134. The structures of their linear tetrasaccharide repeating units were established by sugar analysis along with 1D and 2D (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy: [Formula: see text], where D-aThr indicates D-allothreonine and R indicates O-acetyl substitution (∼ 70% on aThr and ∼ 15% on GalNAc) in E. coli O46 whereas the O-acetylation is absent in E. coli O134. Functions of genes in the essentially identical O-antigen gene clusters of E. coli O46 and O134 were tentatively assigned by a comparison with sequences in available databases and found to be in agreement with the O-polysaccharide structures established.
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Perepelov AV, Wang M, Filatov AV, Guo X, Shashkov AS, Wang L, Knirel YA. Structure and genetics of the O-antigen of Enterobacter cloacae G3054 containing di-N-acetylpseudaminic acid. Carbohydr Res 2015; 407:59-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2015.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Revised: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Ranf S, Gisch N, Schäffer M, Illig T, Westphal L, Knirel YA, Sánchez-Carballo PM, Zähringer U, Hückelhoven R, Lee J, Scheel D. A lectin S-domain receptor kinase mediates lipopolysaccharide sensing in Arabidopsis thaliana. Nat Immunol 2015; 16:426-33. [PMID: 25729922 DOI: 10.1038/ni.3124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The sensing of microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) triggers innate immunity in animals and plants. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Gram-negative bacteria is a potent MAMP for mammals, with the lipid A moiety activating proinflammatory responses via Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Here we found that the plant Arabidopsis thaliana specifically sensed LPS of Pseudomonas and Xanthomonas. We isolated LPS-insensitive mutants defective in the bulb-type lectin S-domain-1 receptor-like kinase LORE (SD1-29), which were hypersusceptible to infection with Pseudomonas syringae. Targeted chemical degradation of LPS from Pseudomonas species suggested that LORE detected mainly the lipid A moiety of LPS. LORE conferred sensitivity to LPS onto tobacco after transient expression, which demonstrated a key function in LPS sensing and indicated the possibility of engineering resistance to bacteria in crop species.
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124
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Senchenkova SN, Shashkov AS, Popova AV, Shneider MM, Arbatsky NP, Miroshnikov KA, Volozhantsev NV, Knirel YA. Structure elucidation of the capsular polysaccharide of Acinetobacter baumannii AB5075 having the KL25 capsule biosynthesis locus. Carbohydr Res 2015; 408:8-11. [PMID: 25816997 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2015.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Revised: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Capsular polysaccharide was isolated by the phenol-water extraction of Acinetobacter baumannii AB5075 and studied by 1D and 2D (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy. The following structure of the linear trisaccharide repeating unit was established: → 3)-β-D-ManpNAcA-(1 → 4)-β-D-ManpNAcA-(1 → 3)-α-D-QuipNAc4NR-(1 → where R indicates (S)-3-hydroxybutanoyl or acetyl in the ratio ∼ 2.5:1. The genes in the polysaccharide biosynthesis locus designated KL25 are appropriate to the established CPS structure.
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125
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Shashkov AS, Wang M, Turdymuratov EM, Hu S, Arbatsky NP, Guo X, Wang L, Knirel YA. Structural and genetic relationships of closely related O-antigens of Cronobacter spp. and Escherichia coli: C. sakazakii G2594 (serotype O4)/E. coli O103 and C. malonaticus G3864 (serotype O1)/E. coli O29. Carbohydr Res 2015; 404:124-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2014.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Revised: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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