101
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Barker DG, Winter G. Conserved cysteine and histidine residues in the structures of the tyrosyl and methionyl-tRNA synthetases. FEBS Lett 1982; 145:191-3. [PMID: 6751870 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(82)80165-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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102
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Bhat TN, Blow DM, Brick P, Nyborg J. Tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase forms a mononucleotide-binding fold. J Mol Biol 1982; 158:699-709. [PMID: 7120416 DOI: 10.1016/0022-2836(82)90255-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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103
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Giegé R, Lorber B, Ebel JP, Moras D, Thierry JC, Jacrot B, Zaccai G. Formation of a catalytically active complex between tRNAAsp and aspartyl-tRNA synthetase from yeast in high concentrations of ammonium sulphate. Biochimie 1982; 64:357-62. [PMID: 7049254 DOI: 10.1016/s0300-9084(82)80440-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The interactions of yeast tRNAAsp with cognate aspartyl-tRNA synthetase have been studied in high concentrations of either sodium chloride or ammonium sulphate by fluorescence titration and small-angle neutron scattering. In solutions containing more than 1M NaCl no complex is formed and enzymatic activity is abolished. In strong contrast, however, the physical measurements showed the formation of a two-to-one tRNA-enzyme complex, with high affinity, in 1.6 M (NH4)2SO4. Aminoacylation assays under the same salt conditions showed the enzymatic fixation of aspartic acid to tRNAAsp to occur at an appreciable rate. The present study emphasizes that the effects of salts on protein-nucleic acid interactions do not depend only on ionic strength but also on the nature of the salt. This study has allowed a rational approach to the crystallisation of a functional tRNAAsp-aspartyl-tRNA synthetase complex (Giegé, Lorber, Ebel, Thierry and Moras (1980) C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris, série D, 291, 393-396).
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104
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Renaud M, Fasiolo F, Baltzinger M, Boulanger Y, Remy P. Affinity labelling of yeast phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase with a 3'-oxidised tRNAPhe. Isolation and sequence of the labelled peptide. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1982; 123:267-74. [PMID: 7042339 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1982.tb19763.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Yeast phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase was specifically labelled with a 3'-oxidised tRNAPhe. Stoichiometric inactivation was achieved with the incorporation of 2 mol oxidised tRNA Phe/mol enzyme which corresponds exactly to the stoichiometry of tRNA binding. The labelled peptide has been isolated using a quick chromatographic procedure which can be applied to any covalent complex formed between a tRNA and an aminoacyl tRNA synthetase. The isolated peptide (18 amino acids) was found to encompass the unique cysteine sequence of the smaller beta subunit of the enzyme.
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105
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Koike K. [Mitochondrial transfer RNA gene and genetic code (author's transl)]. TANPAKUSHITSU KAKUSAN KOSO. PROTEIN, NUCLEIC ACID, ENZYME 1982; 27:646-59. [PMID: 7051164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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106
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Zelwer C, Risler JL, Brunie S. Crystal structure of Escherichia coli methionyl-tRNA synthetase at 2.5 A resolution. J Mol Biol 1982; 155:63-81. [PMID: 7042987 DOI: 10.1016/0022-2836(82)90492-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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107
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Holler E, Wang CC, Ford NC. Detection of ligand-induced conformational changes in phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase of Escherichia coli K10 by laser light scattering. Biochemistry 1981; 20:861-7. [PMID: 7011376 DOI: 10.1021/bi00507a032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The diffusion constant of phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase has been measured by laser light scattering under conditions of complex formation with Mg2+, L-phenylalanine, MgATP, tRNAPhe, modified tRNAPhe, tRNAPhe (yeast), and noncognate tRNA. The diffusion constant (pH 7.5, 20 degrees C) of the free enzyme is (2.85 +/- 0.005) x 10(-7) cm2 s-1, of the enzyme . Mg2+ complex (2.40 +/- 0.05) x 10(-7) cm2 s-1 and of the enzyme . Mg2+ . tRNAPhe complex (2.95 +/- 0.06) x 10(-7) cm2 s-1. The effect of tRNAPhe is only seen when the enzyme is saturated with Mg2+. The smaller substrates exhibit no effect besides a small increase of the value of the diffusion constant under conditions where the enzyme-phenylalanyladenylate is synthesized. Of the noncognate tRNATyr and tRNAIle, the latter is able to associate with the enzyme, causing the value of the diffusion constant to increase. tRNAPhe (yeast) and tRNAhvPhe (photo-cross-linked tRNAPhe) exhibit similar effects. The observed variation of the diffusion constant is attributed to conformational changes of the enzyme. The opposite effects of Mg2+ and tRNAPhe are interpreted as an expansion and recontraction, respectively, of the enzyme molecule. In several cases, the effects were used to follow a titration of the enzyme with a ligand. Dissociation constants were calculated from the resulting titration curves, yielding values which are in agreement with those obtained by other techniques. It is established by comparison that of the two possible binding sites for each Mg2+ and tRNAPhe the diffusion constant reflects occupation of only a single class of sites.
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108
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Rubin J, Blow DM. Amino acid activation in crystalline tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase from Bacillus stearothermophilus. J Mol Biol 1981; 145:489-500. [PMID: 7265210 DOI: 10.1016/0022-2836(81)90541-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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109
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Abstract
Cystine, selenocytsine, and several analogs were reduced by dithiothreitol (DTT), beta-mercaptoethanol (ME) and sodium borohydride (NaBH4). DTT was the most effective; DTT to cystine ratios from 10 to 80 were equally effective. With selenocysteine, however, absorption was considerably reduced at all ratios. Selenocysteine was identified as the reduction product by reaction with Gaitonde's reagent, comparison of absorption spectra, paper chromatograhy, utilization by cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase fro Paracoccus denitrificans and Vigna radiata, changes in solubility after DTT treatment, and comparison of infrared spectra. During the ATP-PPi exchange assay, DTT and ME convert cysteine and selenocysteine derivatives to cysteine and selenocysteine which serve as substrates for cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase.
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110
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Korneliuk AI, Matsuka GK, Shilin VV. [Fluorescence analysis of the accessibility of tryptophan residues of leucyl-tRNA-synthetase in enzyme-substrate complexes]. BIOFIZIKA 1980; 25:402-4. [PMID: 7397254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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111
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Dietrich A, Giege R, Comarmond MB, Thierry JC, Moras D. Crystallographic studies on the aspartyl-tRNA synthetase-tRNAAsp system from yeast. The crystalline aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. J Mol Biol 1980; 138:129-35. [PMID: 6997491 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-2836(80)80008-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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112
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Carter CW, Carter CW. Protein crystallization using incomplete factorial experiments. J Biol Chem 1979; 254:12219-23. [PMID: 500706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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113
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114
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Scheinker VS, Beresten SF, Degtyarev SK, Kisselev LL. The effect of tRNA and tryptophanyl adenylate on limited proteolysis of beef pancreas tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase. Nucleic Acids Res 1979; 7:625-37. [PMID: 503841 PMCID: PMC328043 DOI: 10.1093/nar/7.3.625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Limited proteolysis of tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase was used to detect changes in the enzyme molecule in the presence of substrates. Trypsinolysis of each of the two identical subunits occurs in succession from the N-terminus as follows: 60 leads to 51 leads to 40 leads to 24 kilodaltons. The transition 51 leads to 40 is hindered in tryptophanyl adenylate.enzyme complex. Yeast tRNATrp accelerates the first steps of hydrolysis and decelerates the transition 40 leads to 24. Once tRNATrp is added to the synthetase.adenylate complex, the protective effect of the adenylate disappears. The same effects are found also in the presence of tRNATrp oxidized with NaI04 and tRNATrp lacking the 3'-terminal adenosine. Oxidized tRNATrp (but not tRNATrp without the 3'-A) accelerates tryptophan-dependent hydrolysis of ATP catalyzed by the enzyme. A scheme is proposed for the interaction of yeast tRNATrp with beef pancreas tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase involving the association of tRNA with a positively charged site(s) of the enzyme and the changes in the conformation of enzyme manifesting itself in unfolding of the acidic N-terminal fragment of the polypeptide chain and in the exposure of the adenylate.
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115
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Vosel' SV, Kukina TP, Popova VI, Nuzhdina NA, Lavrik OI. [Mobility of the spin-labeled N-acylaminoacyl residue of N-acyl-phen-tRNAphen in a ribosomal system and in complexes with phen-tRNAphen synthetase]. BIOFIZIKA 1979; 24:933-4. [PMID: 226176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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116
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Kuchino Y, Kato M, Sugisaki H, Nishimura S. Nucleotide sequence of starfish initiator tRNA. Nucleic Acids Res 1979; 6:3459-69. [PMID: 386274 PMCID: PMC327948 DOI: 10.1093/nar/6.11.3459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The nucleotide sequence of starfish ovary initiator tRNA was determined to be pA-G-C-A-G-A-G-U-m1G-m2G-C-G-C-A-G-U-G-G-A-A-G-C-G-U-G-C-U-G-G-G-C-C-C-A-U-t6A-A-C-C-C-A-G-A-G-m7G-D-m5C-C-G-A-G-G-A-psi-C-G-m1A-A-A-C-C-U-C-G-C-U-C-U-G-C-U-A-C-C-AOH. The sequence was determined by a combination of the two different post-labeling techniques. Two-dimensional cellulose thin-layer chromatography was adopted for analysis of 5'-terminal nucleotides of tRNA fragments produced by formamide treatment. The nucleotide sequence of starfish initiator tRNA is very similar to that of mammalian cytoplasmic initiator tRNAs, but has seven different nucleotide residues and two modifications: residue 55 is psi instead of U, and residue 26 is unmodified G instead of m2G.
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117
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Rafalski A, Kohli J, Agris P, Söll D. The nucleotide sequence of a UGA suppressor serine tRNA from Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Nucleic Acids Res 1979; 6:2683-95. [PMID: 461200 PMCID: PMC327885 DOI: 10.1093/nar/6.8.2683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The UGA suppressor tRNA produced by Schizosaccharomyces pombe strain sup3-e was purified to homogeneity. It can be aminoacylated with a serine by a crude aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase preparation from S. pombe cells. By combining post-labeling fingerprinting and gel sequencing methods the nucleotide sequence of this tRNA was determined to be: pG-U-C-A-C-U-A-U-G-U-C-ac4C-G-A-G-D-G-G-D-D-A-A-G-G-A-m2G2-psi-U-A-G-A-N-U-U-C-A-i6A-A-psi-C-U-A-A-U-G-G-G-C-U-U-U-G-C-C-C-G-m5C-G-G-C-A-G-G-T-psi-C-A-m1A-A-U-C-C-U-G-C-U-G-G-U-G-A-C-G-C-C-A OH. The anticodon sequence u ca is complementary to the UGA codon.
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118
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Zaccaï G, Morin P, Jacrot B, Moras D, Thierry JC, Giegé R. Interactions of yeast valyl-tRNA synthetase with RNAs and conformational changes of the enzyme. J Mol Biol 1979; 129:483-500. [PMID: 379352 DOI: 10.1016/0022-2836(79)90508-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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119
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Kuhlmeyer J, Paradies HH. Internal flexibility of valyl-tRNA synthetase from E. coli. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1979; 86:909-14. [PMID: 371623 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(79)91798-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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120
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Fraser TH, Julius DJ, Rich A. Determination of aminoacylation isomeric specificity using tRNA terminating in 3'-amino-3'-deoxyadenosine and 2'-amino-2'-deoxyadenosine. Methods Enzymol 1979; 59:272-82. [PMID: 374942 DOI: 10.1016/0076-6879(79)59090-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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121
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Dietrich A, de Marcillac GD, Pouyet J, Giegé R. Ultracentrifugation studies of yeast valyl-tRNA synthetase and of its interaction with tRNAVal. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1978; 521:597-605. [PMID: 367437 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2787(78)90301-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Yeast valyl-tRNA synthetase and its complexes with yeast tRNAVal were investigated by means of analytical ultracentrifugation. A molecular weight of 125 700 +/- 1500 and a sedimentation coefficient (SO 20, w) of 6.3 +/- 0.3 were found for the native enzyme. When the enzyme (3--60 muM) was mixed with its cognate tRNA, several types of complex were observed, depending on the relative amounts of the two macromolecules. In the presence of equimolecular amounts of tRNA and enzyme, a complex formed by the association of one of each molecule was observed with a sedimentation coefficient of about 7.3 S. However, for tRNA/enzyme stoichiometries lower than one, beside the 1 : 1 complex, a complex of higher molecular weight was observed, with a sedimentation coefficient of about 10.0 S which fits with the association of two valyl-tRNA synthetase molecules with one tRNA molecule. This 2 : 1 complex was predominant from tRNA/enzyme stoichiometries lower than 0.3. It dissociated into the 1 : 1 complex upon addition of monovalent salts or MgCl2, suggesting the electrostatic nature of the interaction in this association. All these association and dissociation phenomena were detected over a large range of pH (6.0--7.5) and in various buffers.
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122
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Dessen P, Blanquet S, Zaccai G, Jacrot B. Antico-operative binding of initiator transfer RNAMet to methionyl-transfer RNA synthetase from Escherichia coli: neutron scattering studies. J Mol Biol 1978; 126:293-313. [PMID: 370401 DOI: 10.1016/0022-2836(78)90042-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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123
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Pingoud AM, Peters F, Maass G. Chemical modification studies on the tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase/tRNA complex are in agreement with an antico-operative binding scheme. J Mol Biol 1978; 125:397-9. [PMID: 731700 DOI: 10.1016/0022-2836(78)90410-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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124
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Monteilhet C, Blow DM. Binding of tyrosine, adenosine triphosphate and analogues to crystalline tyrosyl transfer RNA synthetase. J Mol Biol 1978; 122:407-17. [PMID: 691047 DOI: 10.1016/0022-2836(78)90418-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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125
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Teslenko LV. [Differences in the thermostability of aminoacyl-mRNA-synthetases from intact and denervated rabbit muscles]. ZHURNAL EVOLIUTSIONNOI BIOKHIMII I FIZIOLOGII 1978; 14:300-2. [PMID: 665011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The stability of alanyl-tRNA synthetase and valyl-tRNA synthetase from the intact and denervated for 30 days rabbit skeletal muscles towards the inactivating effect of heat (42 degrees for 10 min) has been studied. The activity of the enzymes was measured in the supernatant fraction obtained by centrifugation of muscle homogenates at 105, 000 g for 1 h. The stability of both alanyl- and valyl-tRNA synthetases from the denervated m. soleus and m. gastrocnemius was shown to be considerably decreased as compared with the enzymes from the intact muscles.
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