1276
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Xiao H, Liu L, Meng F, Huang J, Li G. Electrochemical Approach To Detect Apoptosis. Anal Chem 2008; 80:5272-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ac8005268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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1277
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Wu Q, Li G. SU-GG-T-390: The Development and Implementation of the RadioTherapy Information Management System (RTIMS). Med Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2962140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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1278
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Zhang M, Li X, Suehiro M, Zhao Z, Gagne D, Pizzonia J, Li G, Ling C, Humm J. TU-C-332-09: Effects of Mild Temperature Hyperthermia On Rat HT29 Xenograft Hypoxia Measured with a Dual-Radiolabel Hypoxia Marker. Med Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1118/1.2962531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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1279
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Ablikim M, Bai JZ, Ban Y, Cai X, Chen HF, Chen HS, Chen HX, Chen JC, Chen J, Chen YB, Chu YP, Dai YS, Diao LY, Deng ZY, Dong QF, Du SX, Fang J, Fang SS, Fu CD, Gao CS, Gao YN, Gu SD, Gu YT, Guo YN, Guo ZJ, Harris FA, He KL, He M, Heng YK, Hou J, Hu HM, Hu JH, Hu T, Huang XT, Ji XB, Jiang XS, Jiang XY, Jiao JB, Jin DP, Jin S, Jin Y, Lai YF, Li G, Li HB, Li J, Li RY, Li SM, Li WD, Li WG, Li XL, Li XN, Li XQ, Liang YF, Liao HB, Liu BJ, Liu CX, Liu F, Liu F, Liu HH, Liu HM, Liu J, Liu JB, Liu JP, Liu J, Liu Q, Liu RG, Liu ZA, Lou YC, Lu F, Lu GR, Lu JG, Luo CL, Ma FC, Ma HL, Ma LL, Ma QM, Mao ZP, Mo XH, Nie J, Olsen SL, Ping RG, Qi ND, Qin H, Qiu JF, Ren ZY, Rong G, Ruan XD, Shan LY, Shang L, Shen CP, Shen DL, Shen XY, Sheng HY, Sun HS, Sun SS, Sun YZ, Sun ZJ, Tang X, Tong GL, Varner GS, Wang DY, Wang L, Wang LL, Wang LS, Wang M, Wang P, Wang PL, Wang YF, Wang Z, Wang ZY, Wang Z, Wei CL, Wei DH, Wiedner U, Weng Y, Wu N, Xia XM, Xie XX, Xu GF, Xu XP, Xu Y, Yan ML, Yang HX, Yang YX, Ye MH, Ye YX, Yu GW, Yuan CZ, Yuan Y, Zang SL, Zeng Y, Zhang BX, Zhang BY, Zhang CC, Zhang DH, Zhang HQ, Zhang HY, Zhang JW, Zhang JY, Zhang SH, Zhang XY, Zhang Y, Zhang ZX, Zhang ZP, Zhao DX, Zhao JW, Zhao MG, Zhao PP, Zhao WR, Zhao ZG, Zheng HQ, Zheng JP, Zheng ZP, Zhou L, Zhu KJ, Zhu QM, Zhu YC, Zhu YS, Zhu ZA, Zhuang BA, Zhuang XA, Zou BS. Search for the invisible decay of J/psi in psi(2S) --> pi(+)pi(-) J/psi. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 100:192001. [PMID: 18518438 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.192001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Using psi(2S) --> pi(+)pi(-) J/psi events in a sample of 14.0 x 10(6) psi(2S) decays collected with the BES-II detector, a search for the decay of the J/psi to invisible final states is performed. No signal is found, and an upper limit at the 90% confidence level is determined to be 1.2 x 10(-2) for the ratio B(J/psi --> invisible)/B(J/psi-->mu(+)mu(-)). This is the first search for J/psi decays to invisible final states.
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Peña PV, Hom RA, Hung T, Lin H, Kuo AJ, Wong RPC, Subach OM, Champagne KS, Zhao R, Verkhusha VV, Li G, Gozani O, Kutateladze TG. Histone H3K4me3 binding is required for the DNA repair and apoptotic activities of ING1 tumor suppressor. J Mol Biol 2008; 380:303-12. [PMID: 18533182 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2008.04.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2008] [Revised: 04/24/2008] [Accepted: 04/24/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Inhibitor of growth 1 (ING1) is implicated in oncogenesis, DNA damage repair, and apoptosis. Mutations within the ING1 gene and altered expression levels of ING1 are found in multiple human cancers. Here, we show that both DNA repair and apoptotic activities of ING1 require the interaction of the C-terminal plant homeodomain (PHD) finger with histone H3 trimethylated at Lys4 (H3K4me3). The ING1 PHD finger recognizes methylated H3K4 but not other histone modifications as revealed by the peptide microarrays. The molecular mechanism of the histone recognition is elucidated based on a 2.1 A-resolution crystal structure of the PHD-H3K4me3 complex. The K4me3 occupies a deep hydrophobic pocket formed by the conserved Y212 and W235 residues that make cation-pi contacts with the trimethylammonium group. Both aromatic residues are essential in the H3K4me3 recognition, as substitution of these residues with Ala disrupts the interaction. Unlike the wild-type ING1, the W235A mutant, overexpressed in the stable clones of melanoma cells or in HT1080 cells, was unable to stimulate DNA repair after UV irradiation or promote DNA-damage-induced apoptosis, indicating that H3K4me3 binding is necessary for these biological functions of ING1. Furthermore, N216S, V218I, and G221V mutations, found in human malignancies, impair the ability of ING1 to associate with H3K4me3 or to induce nucleotide repair and cell death, linking the tumorigenic activity of ING1 with epigenetic regulation. Together, our findings reveal the critical role of the H3K4me3 interaction in mediating cellular responses to genotoxic stresses and offer new insight into the molecular mechanism underlying the tumor suppressive activity of ING1.
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1281
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Zhu X, Zhang W, Xiao H, Huang J, Li G. Electrochemical study of a hemin–DNA complex and its activity as a ligand binder. Electrochim Acta 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2008.01.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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1282
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Li G, Citrin D, Camphausen K, Mueller B, Burman C, Mychalczak B, Miller RW, Song Y. Advances in 4D medical imaging and 4D radiation therapy. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2008; 7:67-81. [PMID: 18198927 DOI: 10.1177/153303460800700109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper reviews recent advances in 4D medical imaging (4DMI) and 4D radiation therapy (4DRT), which study, characterize, and minimize patient motion during the processes of imaging and radiotherapy. Patient motion is inevitably present in these processes, producing artifacts and uncertainties in target (lesion) identification, delineation, and localization. 4DMI includes time-resolved volumetric CT, MRI, PET, PET/CT, SPECT, and US imaging. To enhance the performance of these volumetric imaging techniques, parallel multi-detector array has been employed for acquiring image projections and the volumetric image reconstruction has been advanced from the 2D to the 3D tomography paradigm. The time information required for motion characterization in 4D imaging can be obtained either prospectively or retrospectively using respiratory gating or motion tracking techniques. The former acquires snapshot projections for reconstructing a motion-free image. The latter acquires image projections continuously with an associated timestamp indicating respiratory phases using external surrogates and sorts these projections into bins that represent different respiratory phases prior to reconstructing the cyclical series of 3D images. These methodologies generally work for all imaging modalities with variations in detailed implementation. In 4D CT imaging, both multi-slice CT (MSCT) and cone-beam CT (CBCT) are applicable in 4D imaging. In 4D MR imaging, parallel imaging with multi-coil-detectors has made 4D volumetric MRI possible. In 4D PET and SPECT, rigid and non-rigid motions can be corrected with aid of rigid and deformable registration, respectively, without suffering from low statistics due to signal binning. In 4D PET/CT and SPECT/CT, a single set of 4D images can be utilized for motion-free image creation, intrinsic registration, and attenuation correction. In 4D US, volumetric ultrasonography can be employed to monitor fetal heart beating with relatively high temporal resolution. 4DRT aims to track and compensate for target motion during radiation treatment, minimizing normal tissue injury, especially critical structures adjacent to the target, and/or maximizing radiation dose to the target. 4DRT requires 4DMI, 4D radiation treatment planning (4D RTP), and 4D radiation treatment delivery (4D RTD). Many concepts in 4DRT are borrowed, adapted and extended from existing image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT) and adaptive radiation therapy (ART). The advantage of 4DRT is its promise of sparing additional normal tissue by synchronizing the radiation beam with the moving target in real-time. 4DRT can be implemented differently depending upon how the time information is incorporated and utilized. In an ideal situation, the motion adaptive approach guided by 4D imaging should be applied to both RTP and RTD. However, until new automatic planning and motion feedback tools are developed for 4DRT, clinical implementation of ideal 4DRT will meet with limited success. However, simplified forms of 4DRT have been implemented with minor modifications of existing planning and delivery systems. The most common approach is the use of gating techniques in both imaging and treatment, so that the planned and treated target localizations are identical. In 4D planning, the use of a single planning CT image, which is representative of the statistical respiratory mean, seems preferable. In 4D delivery, on-site CBCT imaging or 3D US localization imaging for patient setup and internal fiducial markers for target motion tracking can significantly reduce the uncertainty in treatment delivery, providing improved normal tissue sparing. Most of the work on 4DRT can be regarded as a proof-of-principle and 4DRT is still in its early stage of development.
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Li G, Basagoudanavar SH, Gowda DC. Effect of GPI anchor moiety on the immunogenicity of DNA plasmids encoding the 19-kDa C-terminal portion of Plasmodium falciparum MSP-1. Parasite Immunol 2008; 30:315-22. [PMID: 18422871 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3024.2008.01027.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored Plasmodium falciparum merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP-1) is a widely studied malaria vaccine candidate. The C-terminal 19-kDa portion of MSP-1 (MSP-1(19)) is of particular interest because this polypeptide moiety remains bound to the parasite even after erythrocyte invasion, while the remainder of MSP-1 is shed during invasion. Studies have shown that antibodies against MSP-1(19) inhibit merozoite invasion of erythrocytes efficiently, and that MSP-1(19) produces protective immunity in mice and monkeys. To investigate the efficacy of MSP-1(19 )DNA vaccine and role of GPI anchor moiety in the immunogenicity of MSP-1(19), we constructed expression vectors that produce MSP-1(19) as either secretory or GPI-anchored polypeptide. Both constructs efficiently expressed MSP-1(19) in transfected HEK-293 cells. While the recombinant plasmid lacking GPI anchor signal sequence expressed MSP-1(19) mainly as secreted polypeptide, that containing GPI anchor signal sequence produced GPI-anchored MSP-1(19 )on cell surface. In immunized mice, both constructs produced substantial levels of MSP-1(19)-specific IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, IgG3, IgA and IgM antibodies. In both cases, the IgG1 level was significantly higher than other isotypes. Interestingly, the plasmid containing GPI anchor signal sequence produced significantly higher levels of IgG2a and IgG2b than the plasmid that lacks GPI signal sequence.
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1284
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Zheng Y, Chan QCC, Li G, Lam EY, Yang ES. A study of femoral artery by twin drivers in magnetic resonance interference elastography. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 2007:2034-7. [PMID: 18002385 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2007.4352719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic Resonance Elastography (MRE) is a phase-contrast technique using conventional Magnetic Resonance Imaging system to visualize propagating shear waves and study the stiffness of tissues. Usually, shear vibrations are applied to the surface of tissues by means of mechanical driver at one point. But in femoral artery study, the shear wave generated by the single driver on the surface of thigh cannot reach the femoral artery behind vein because of the blockage from the vein. In this study, the twin drivers set developed in our laboratory is used to overcome the problem. By using twin drivers driven simultaneously, interference shear wave pattern is generated. MR Interference Elastography is using interference shear wave image to study the stiffness of tissues. And, a finite element modeling was used to simulate single and twin driver datasets. The method was applied to in vivo human's femoral artery. And the result demonstrates the feasibility of this method. Further study will be conducted with the twin drivers in more in-vivo studies.
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1285
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Fang H, Hedin G, Li G, Nord C. Genetic diversity of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in southern Stockholm, 2000-2005. Clin Microbiol Infect 2008; 14:370-6. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2007.01941.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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1286
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Li G, Yan R, Ren C, Wang TL, Tonge J, Mori WB. Laser channeling in millimeter-scale underdense plasmas of fast-ignition targets. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2008; 100:125002. [PMID: 18517876 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.100.125002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2007] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Two dimensional particle-in-cell simulations show that laser channeling in millimeter-scale underdense plasmas is a highly nonlinear and dynamic process involving longitudinal plasma buildup, laser hosing, channel bifurcation and self-correction, and electron heating to relativistic temperatures. The channeling speed is much less than the linear group velocity of the laser. The simulations find that low-intensity channeling pulses are preferred to minimize the required laser energy but with an estimated lower bound on the intensity of I approximately 5x10(18) W/cm(2) if the channel is to be established within 100 ps. The channel is also shown to significantly increase the transmission of an ignition pulse.
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Tay S, Blanche PA, Voorakaranam R, Tunç AV, Lin W, Rokutanda S, Gu T, Flores D, Wang P, Li G, St Hilaire P, Thomas J, Norwood RA, Yamamoto M, Peyghambarian N. An updatable holographic three-dimensional display. Nature 2008; 451:694-8. [PMID: 18256667 DOI: 10.1038/nature06596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 321] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2007] [Accepted: 12/18/2007] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Holographic three-dimensional (3D) displays provide realistic images without the need for special eyewear, making them valuable tools for applications that require situational awareness, such as medical, industrial and military imaging. Currently commercially available holographic 3D displays use photopolymers that lack image-updating capability, resulting in restricted use and high cost. Photorefractive polymers are dynamic holographic recording materials that allow updating of images and have a wide range of applications, including optical correlation, imaging through scattering media and optical communication. To be suitable for 3D displays, photorefractive polymers need to have nearly 100% diffraction efficiency, fast writing time, hours of image persistence, rapid erasure, and large area-a combination of properties that has not been shown before. Here, we report an updatable holographic 3D display based on photorefractive polymers with such properties, capable of recording and displaying new images every few minutes. This is the largest photorefractive 3D display to date (4 x 4 inches in size); it can be recorded within a few minutes, viewed for several hours without the need for refreshing, and can be completely erased and updated with new images when desired.
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1288
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Chen G, Ma X, Meng F, Li G. The electron transfer reactivity of kaempferol and its interaction with amino acid residues. Bioelectrochemistry 2008; 72:169-73. [PMID: 18321794 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2008.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2007] [Revised: 09/14/2007] [Accepted: 02/06/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the electron transfer reactivity of kaempferol was studied and the interaction in vivo between kaempferol and protein was simulated. Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) as an aprotic solvent was employed to simulate the specific environment. Various residues of amino acids were used to study the effect of the amino acids in the active site of protein on the electron transfer reactivity of kaempferol. Experimental results revealed that the redox activity of kaempferol was different in aprotic medium DMSO from that in water, and a new redox process was further found. Of all the residues tested, nitrogenous nucleophile, for example, imidazole, was observed to be able to facilitate the electron transfer of kaempferol, and the mechanism was also proposed. This work might provide a simple model to study the electron transfer reactivity of some small active organic molecules, especially medicines, in specific environment, which might approach a more accurate understanding of the activity of some medicines in vivo.
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Li G, Li WK. Least absolute deviation estimation for fractionally integrated autoregressive moving average time series models with conditional heteroscedasticity. Biometrika 2008. [DOI: 10.1093/biomet/asn014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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1290
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Walton TJ, Li G, Seth R, McArdle SE, Bishop MC, Rees RC. DNA demethylation and histone deacetylation inhibition co-operate to re-express estrogen receptor beta and induce apoptosis in prostate cancer cell-lines. Prostate 2008; 68:210-22. [PMID: 18092350 DOI: 10.1002/pros.20673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Epigenetic silencing mechanisms are increasingly thought to play a major role in the development of human cancers, including prostate cancer. Promoter CpG island hypermethylation and histone hypoacetylation, catalyzed by DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) and histone deacetylase (HDAC), respectively, are associated with transcriptional repression in a number of cancers. Evidence is accumulating the two mechanisms are dynamically linked, yet few studies have examined a potential interaction in prostate cancer. METHODS LNCaP, DU-145, and PC-3 prostate cancer cells were co-treated with a DNMT inhibitor, 5'-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-AZAC), and an HDAC inhibitor, trichostatin A (TSA). Following treatment cells were processed for cell proliferation/apoptosis assays, or harvested for real-time RT-PCR. Assessed target genes were estrogen receptor beta (ERbeta), estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha), androgen receptor (AR), progesterone receptor (PGR), and prostate specific antigen (PSA). RESULTS In all cell-lines, co-treatment was associated with reduced cell proliferation compared with control groups (P<0.05). A reciprocal rise in caspase activation was identified, indicating apoptosis was the major mechanism of cell death. Most marked effects were seen in the androgen-dependent, AR-positive LNCaP cell-line. In all cell-lines, an additive re-expression of ERbeta was identified in the co-treatment group, a finding not seen for either AR or PSA. CONCLUSION At concentrations associated with gene re-expression, the DNA demethylating agent 5-AZAC and the HDAC inhibitor TSA co-operate to induce apoptosis in prostate cancer cell-lines. Increased apoptosis in the co-treatment group was associated with marked re-expression of ERbeta, raising the possibility of further targeting of prostate cancer cells with ERbeta-selective agents.
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Abstract
Marijuana is the most commonly used illicit drug while its abuse and dependence has an increasing prevalence among the young population. Marijuana smoking affects the circulatory system triggering various cardiovascular events. Of note, recent case reports indicate a possible association with atrial fibrillation (AF). In this article, we provide a brief systematic review of all reported cases implicating marijuana smoking in AF development and we concisely discuss the potential underlying mechanisms as well as the clinical implications of this emerging association.
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Zhu X, Yang Q, Huang J, Suzuki I, Li G. Colorimetric study of the interaction between gold nanoparticles and a series of amino acids. JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2008; 8:353-357. [PMID: 18468082 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2008.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Study of the interaction between gold nanoparticles and a series of amino acids is reported in this paper. Amino acids with thiol, amine, or hydroxyl groups in their side chains are proven to make gold nanoparticles self-assemble under certain conditions. There is a progression of the effect on self-assembly of gold nanoparticles from hydroxyl < amine < thiol. Meanwhile, concentration of amino acids and the pH value of the solution have been found to be important for amino acids to exert the interesting effect on self-assembly of the nanoparticles.
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Zhao XG, Zheng Y, Liang JM, Chan QCC, Yang XF, Li G, Yang ES. In vivo tumor detection on rabbit with biopsy needle as MRE driver. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2008; 2008:121-124. [PMID: 19162608 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2008.4649105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic Resonance Elastography (MRE) is a phase contrast imaging technique to quantitatively measure the elasticity of tissues. Typically, the oscillating driver is placed on the surface of objects to generate shear waves. When it is applied to detect tumors in deep location, the depth penetration of the wave is limited by attenuation and the biopsy procedure has to be performed separately. In this study, we describe a method using biopsy needle as the MRE driver to produce shear waves in tissues. We made comparison between the MRE acquisitions obtained with biopsy needle and surface drivers. Because the well-defined propagation wave pattern reduces the error in wavelength calculation, the acquisitions of biopsy needle driver shows better homogeneity in stiffness map. We also performed the experiment with the biopsy needle for in vivo tumor detection in rabbits. This study demonstrates that the biopsy needle driver is more effective than the surface driver for accurately measuring the stiffness and location of the tumor.
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Zhao J, Zhu X, Li T, Li G. Self-assembled multilayer of gold nanoparticles for amplified electrochemical detection of cytochrome c. Analyst 2008; 133:1242-5. [DOI: 10.1039/b806588h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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1295
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Suri HS, Li G, Gajic O. Epidemiology of Acute Respiratory Failure and Mechanical Ventilation. Intensive Care Med 2008. [PMCID: PMC7121586 DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-77383-4_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Acute respiratory failure, and the need for mechanical ventilation, remains one of the most common reasons for admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). The burden of acute respiratory failure is high in terms of mortality and morbidity as well as the cost of its principal treatment, mechanical ventilation. Very few epidemiologic studies have evaluated the prevalence and outcome of acute respiratory failure and mechanical ventilation in general. Most of the published literature has focused on specific forms of acute respiratory failure, particularly acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In this chapter, we provide a brief review of the pathophysiology of acute respiratory failure, its definition and classification, and then present the incidence and outcomes of specific forms of acute respiratory failure from epidemiologic studies.
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Huang J, Zhang D, Xing W, Ma X, Yin Y, Wei Q, Li G. An approach to assay calcineurin activity and the inhibitory effect of zinc ion. Anal Biochem 2007; 375:385-7. [PMID: 18191031 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2007.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2007] [Revised: 12/12/2007] [Accepted: 12/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study, an electrochemical method to assay calcineurin activity is proposed. Although the enzyme could not exhibit electron transfer reactivity and the catalytic reaction of the substrate could not give any electrochemical wave, p-nitrophenol as the catalytic reaction production could be oxidized at the calcineurin/Triton X-100 film modified electrode to exhibit useful wave that might be employed to assay the enzyme activity. The effect of Ni(2+) and Zn(2+) on calcineurin was also investigated. Whereas Ni(2+) was confirmed to be able to enhance the enzymatic activity, Zn(2+) was found to be an inhibitor to calcineurin.
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Duggan D, Zheng SL, Knowlton M, Benitez D, Dimitrov L, Wiklund F, Robbins C, Isaacs SD, Cheng Y, Li G, Sun J, Chang BL, Marovich L, Wiley KE, Balter K, Stattin P, Adami HO, Gielzak M, Yan G, Sauvageot J, Liu W, Kim JW, Bleecker ER, Meyers DA, Trock BJ, Partin AW, Walsh PC, Isaacs WB, Gronberg H, Xu J, Carpten JD. Two Genome-wide Association Studies of Aggressive Prostate Cancer Implicate Putative Prostate Tumor Suppressor Gene DAB2IP. J Natl Cancer Inst 2007; 99:1836-44. [DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djm250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
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Schwartz JH, Li G, Yang Q, Suri V, Ross JJ, Alexander EA. Role of SNAREs and H+-ATPase in the targeting of proton pump-coated vesicles to collecting duct cell apical membrane. Kidney Int 2007; 72:1310-5. [PMID: 17805241 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ki.5002500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Recycling of H(+)-ATPase to the apical plasma membrane, mediated by vesicular exocytosis and endocytosis, is an important mechanism for controlling H(+) secretion by the collecting duct. We hypothesized that SNAREs (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment proteins) may be involved in the targeting of H(+)-ATPase-coated vesicles. Using a tissue culture model of collecting duct H(+) secretory cells (inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD) cells), we demonstrated that they express the proteins required for SNARE-mediated exocytosis and form SNARE-fusion complexes upon stimulation of H(+)-ATPase exocytosis. Furthermore, exocytic amplification of apical H(+)-ATPase is sensitive to clostridial toxins that cleave SNAREs and thereby inhibit secretion. Thus, SNAREs are critical for H(+)-ATPase cycling to the plasma membrane. The process in IMCD cells has a feature distinct from that of neuronal cells: the SNARE complex includes and requires the vesicular cargo (H(+)-ATPase) for targeting. Using chimeras and truncations of syntaxin 1, we demonstrated that there is a specific cassette within the syntaxin 1 H3 domain that mediates binding of the SNAREs and a second distinct H3 region that binds H(+)-ATPase. Utilizing point mutations of the B1 subunit of the H(+)-ATPase, we document that this subunit contains specific targeting information for the H(+)-ATPase itself. In addition, we found that Munc-18-2, a regulator of exocytosis, plays a multifunctional role in this system: it regulates SNARE complex formation and the affinity of syntaxin 1 for H(+)-ATPase.
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Chen G, Zhu X, Meng F, Yu Z, Li G. Apoferritin as a bionanomaterial to facilitate the electron transfer reactivity of hemoglobin and the catalytic activity towards hydrogen peroxide. Bioelectrochemistry 2007; 72:77-80. [PMID: 18164668 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2007.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2006] [Revised: 11/08/2007] [Accepted: 11/19/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this report, apoferritin as a stable bionanomaterial was modified with hemoglobin on pyrolytic graphite electrode. Rapid electron transfer reactions of hemoglobin were achieved with the help of apoferritin in a large pH range. Moreover, hemoglobin as an enzyme exhibits fine electrocatalytic activity towards the reaction of hydrogen peroxide, and a wide concentration range of linear relationship between the reduction peak current and the concentration of hydrogen peroxide has been obtained with a higher upper detection limit, which may be further developed for a hydrogen peroxide biosensor. Therefore, a new property of apoferritin is explored, in which apoferritin works as a bionanomaterial to be an accelerant of the electron transfer of Hb and a stabilizer to retain the catalytic ability of the protein under mal-condition.
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Zhao XG, Zheng Y, Chan QCC, Yang XF, Li G, Yang ES. Biopsy needle as MRE driver for tumor detection. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 2007:2050-2. [PMID: 18002389 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2007.4352723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic Resonance Elastography (MRE) is a phase contrast imaging technique to quantitatively measure the elasticity of tissues. Typically, an oscillating driver is placed on the surface to generate the shear waves. The depth penetration of the wave is limited by attenuation and the biopsy procedure has to be done separately. In this study, we use a biopsy needle as the driver to detect the 15% porcine gel inclusion in a 10% porcine gel phantom which simulates a tumor in tissues. We also perform the experiment with the biopsy needle for in-vivo tumor detection in rabbits. It is shown that the biopsy needle driver can accurately measure the stiffness and location of the tumor.
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