How biomedical investigators use library books

Relatively few studies have been concerned with the use of biomedical books. This paper reports an investigation into use made of library books by biomedical investigators. Based on cancelled charge slips collected at the Yale Medical Library circulation desk, telephone appointments were made to interview those research investigators whose books had been returned the previous day. The interviewer obtained answers from the investigator to a questionnaire to discover how the investigator had learned of a book, if the book had been useful, and, if useful, how it had been used. During the six-month study period, 30.4 percent of researchers' volumes returned were monographs. Almost four-fifths of books borrowed supplied information wanted, and about four-fifths of books used had been printed in the previous decade. Nine-tenths of the use of books was research-related, the other tenth being for lecture preparation.

Analysis of Dicamba in Crops and Milk, Including a Rapid Cleanup Method

A fast, sensitive, and specific method has been developed for determining residues of 2-methoxy-3,6-dichlorobenzoic acid (Dicamba, Banvel-D*) in agricultural crops. Interferences affecting electron capture gas chromatography detection are removed by column partition chromatography. This method has been tested on a wide variety of crops; its sensitivity is 0.05 ppm.

Post-Spawning Death of Pacific Salmon: Sockeye Salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) Maturing and Spawning in Captivity

It has been shown that sockeye salmon, Oncorhynchus nerka, will start to eat soon after capture during their freshwater spawning migration. Some will continue to eat up to, during, and after spawning, while others stop eating shortly before spawning. The effect of feeding has been investigated histologically in a number of tissues by comparison of feeding fish, unfed controls, and fish spawned in the wild. Atrophy, and often degeneration of the liver, stomach, and intestine in post-spawned unfed controls and fish spawned in the wild was equally marked, but was absent or much less pronounced in fed fish.

A Convenient Technique for Obtaining Pituitary Glands from Fish

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OLFACTORY PERCEPTION IN JUVENILE SALMON: II. CONDITIONED RESPONSE OF JUVENILE SOCKEYE SALMON (ONCORHYNCHUS NERKA) TO LAKE WATERS

Sockeye salmon smolts were conditioned to distinguish between waters from two natural sockeye nursery systems, Great Central Lake (from which the smolts were obtained) and Cultus Lake. The attractant from each water was volatile, but that from Great Central Lake was the more readily volatilized of the two. Volatile material from Great Central Lake water was collected and shown to evoke a response in the group of fish conditioned to whole Great Central Lake water.

Olfactory Perception in Migrating Salmon: III. Stimulants for Adult Sockeye Salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) in Home Stream Waters

Adult sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) captured during their spawning migration to Great Central Lake, British Columbia, show a consistent response in the laboratory to water taken from the outlet of the lake. The specificity of this response has been confirmed and the responses to water from streams feeding Great Central Lake have been determined. A portion at least of the stimulatory material is volatile and can be retained in a cold trap. Concentration of the active factor has been achieved by a freezing-out technique.

Resumption of Feeding by and Survival of Adult Sockeye Salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) Following Advanced Gonad Development

Adult, migrating, fasting sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) were held in captivity in fresh water without spawning well beyond the time when they would normally have done so and died. A few of the fish were then gonadectomized and force feeding was begun. A few unoperated fish were fed similarly while the remainder served as unoperated, unfed controls. The gonads of the operated fish were well developed. After a period of feeding of about four months some fish in each group had survived. The fed fish had regained their green color and much of their weight and vigor, while the surviving unfed fish were extremely emaciated and listless. At this time voluntary feeding by the force-fed fish was observed for the first time, and it was then found that the five surviving unfed controls would also take food voluntarily. While two of these fish died without apparent improvement in their condition, the other three gradually regained green color, weight and vigor.