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Gray F, Dubas F, Roullet E, Escourolle R. Leukoencephalopathy in diffuse hemorrhagic cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Ann Neurol 1985; 18:54-9. [PMID: 4037751 DOI: 10.1002/ana.410180110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We have studied 12 patients with diffuse hemorrhagic cerebral amyloid angiopathy clinically and at postmortem examination. The brains in 8 patients had diffuse bilateral loss of myelin in the hemispheric white matter sparing the U fibers, corpus callosum, and internal capsules. The periventricular areas were predominantly affected. Microscopic examination of the white matter showed an association with subacute or chronic edematous lesions: spongiosis, swollen oligodendroglia, widening of the perivascular spaces with edema fluid or siderophages, hyalinization of the blood vessel walls, incomplete myelin loss, and astrocytic gliosis. Three of 8 autopsied patients had undergone computed tomographic examination, which showed bilateral hypodensity of the hemispheric white matter. The brains of 4 patients with illnesses of shorter duration showed only discrete but similar lesions in the centrum semiovale. These white matter changes are similar to those observed in Binswanger's subcortical encephalopathy. We suggest that a common mechanism of hypoperfusion of the distal white matter causes the leukoencephalopathy.
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252
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Cathala F, Brown P, Gray F, Sulima M, Chatelain J, Gibbs CJ. Failure to detect scrapie virus in sheep at slaughter in a highly endemic region of France. Eur J Epidemiol 1985; 1:90-3. [PMID: 3939516 DOI: 10.1007/bf00141798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A study was carried out in a sheep slaughterhouse located in a region of France where scrapie has been endemic for several decades. Neuropathological examination of 63 randomly selected lambs and adult sheep revealed no scrapie-related abnormalities, and inoculation of mice with brain, tonsil, lateropharyngeal ganglia, and intestine from the same animals did not transmit scrapie. The failure to detect any evidence of scrapie infection in commercially-bred sheep, the absence of an increased mortality rate for human CJD in the surrounding consumer region, and the absence of a single case of CJD among slaughterhouse personnel, do not support the hypothesis that exposure to potentially scrapie-contaminated products is responsible for CJD in humans.
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253
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Gray F, Eizenbaum JF, Gherardi R, Degos JD, Poirier J. Luyso-pallido-nigral atrophy and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Acta Neuropathol 1985; 66:78-82. [PMID: 3993336 DOI: 10.1007/bf00698300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The clinical and pathologic findings in a 34-year-old woman with basal ganglia degeneration and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are reported. The duration of symptoms was 2 years. A maternal uncle had a parkinsonian syndrome with onset at 45 years of age. Neuropathologic examination revealed extensive neuronal loss and gliosis in the corpus Luysii. Nerve cell loss and gliosis also involved both parts of the globus pallidus, and the substantia nigra. The corticospinal tracts were demyelinated in the spinal cord, and neuronal loss was observed in the anterior horns. Only one similar case of pallido-luyso-nigral atrophy associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis has, to our knowledge, been reported previously. Such an association may represent more than a coincidental occurrence.
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254
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Gray F, Louarn F, Gherardi R, Eizenbaum JF, Marsault C. Adult form of Leigh's disease: a clinico pathological case with CT scan examination. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1984; 47:1211-5. [PMID: 6502179 PMCID: PMC1028088 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.47.11.1211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The clinical and pathological findings of a 31-year-old woman, in whom the diagnosis of Leigh's disease was made, are reported. CT scan examination with contrast enhancement showed symmetrical areas of low density, in both thalami, anterior limbs of internal capsules and corpus callosum. Longstanding chronic lesions involved the optic chiasma and the cerebral peduncles and consisted of myelin loss, status spongiosus, astrocytic gliosis and marked capillary proliferation. The neurons were spared. In the basal ganglia, internal capsules and corpus callosum, these lesions were more recent and consisted of focal necrosis, perivascular oedema and few lymphocytic perivascular cuffings.
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255
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Cellerier P, Chiras J, Gray F, Metzger J, Bories J. Computed tomography in primary lymphoma of the brain. Neuroradiology 1984; 26:485-92. [PMID: 6504318 DOI: 10.1007/bf00342686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
C.T. scans of 19 patients with histologically proved primary lymphoma of the brain were reviewed and divided into three groups: solitary tumors (58%), multifocal tumors (31,5%), diffuse involvement of the brain (10,5%). The C.T. differential diagnosis are manifold, including meningioma, glioma, metastases, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Arteriography is not specific, but, correlation with C.T. results may suggest the correct diagnosis and encourage biopsy. The radiosensitivity of primary lymphoma of the brain emphasizes, the importance of an early diagnosis.
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256
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Gray F. Health promotion. Accentuate the positive. HEALTH AND SOCIAL SERVICE JOURNAL 1984; 94:380. [PMID: 10266160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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257
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Gaspar P, Gray F. Dementia in idiopathic Parkinson's disease. A neuropathological study of 32 cases. Acta Neuropathol 1984; 64:43-52. [PMID: 6089493 DOI: 10.1007/bf00695605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Neuronal loss was estimated semiquantitatively in the substantia nigra (SN) and locus coeruleus (LC), and by cell counts in the nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM), in 32 patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (14 non-demented and 18 demented). The number of senile plaques (SP) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) was rated in four cortical areas. Neuronal loss in the SN seemed in dependent of mental impairment, while severe lesions of the LC were more frequent in demented patients. In the NBM, neuronal loss and Lewy bodies were observed in most cases (95%) and were associated with significant reductions of choline acetyltransferase (CAT) activity both in the NBM and the cortex (measurements available for 13 cases). This confirms that the cholinergic innominato-cortical pathway is damaged in Parkinson's disease and that the lesion is severer in subjects with dementia. SP and NFT were present in the cortex in 75% of the cases and significantly more numerous in demented patients. However, in 37% of the cases (six cases with dementia), the score for cortical changes was low and could be related to age. Cortical SP and NFT were not correlated to the degree of cell loss in LC and NBM, or to CAT activity in the cortex or NBM. Damage to coeruleo-cortical, innominato-cortical and intra-cortical neurones could each play a role in the appearance of dementia in Parkinsonism. The lesions in the different neuronal systems do not seem to evolve in parallel, but may be additive or potentiate one another in terms of functional expression. Also, the variety in extent and degree of lesions encountered in Parkinson's disease may offer a pathological substrate for the wide variety of mental symptoms described in this illness.
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258
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Pierrot-Deseilligny CH, Chain F, Gray F, Serdaru M, Escourolle R, Lhermitte F. Parinaud's syndrome: electro-oculographic and anatomical analyses of six vascular cases with deductions about vertical gaze organization in the premotor structures. Brain 1982; 105 (Pt 4):667-96. [PMID: 7139250 DOI: 10.1093/brain/105.4.667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Six cases of Parinaud's syndrome, with downward (Cases 1, 2), upward (Cases 3, 4) and both downward and upward gaze paralysis (cases 5, 6) are reported. Four cases (Cases 1, 2, 3, 5) were studied anatomically using serial sections of the brain and 3 cases (Cases, 1, 4, 6) analysed electro-oculographically. In all the cases there were rather small vascular lesions in the mesodiencephalic region, sparing the oculomotor nuclei. Since the rostral interstitial nuclei of the medial longitudinal fasciculus (riMLF), located above the oculomotor nuclei, contain the final relays producing all vertical saccades, it is suggested that the different aspects of Parinaud's syndrome may result from damage to their cells or to their excitatory efferent tracts, or even to their afferent pathways. Downgaze paralysis results from bilateral lesions involving the regions located just caudal, medial and dorsal to the upper poles of the red nuclei. The critical area is probably related to the mediocaudal part of the riMLF, the lateral portion of which appears to be spared. These anatomical data, combined with the clinical observation that most downward eye movements (except slow reflex movements) are affected in the case with such paralysis, lead us to propose that it is the riMLF efferent tracts mediating downgaze and projecting on to the oculomotor nuclei that are principally damaged by the lesions. Upgaze paralysis results from unilateral lesions in or near the posterior commissure. The clinical data allow us to propose that it is also the riMLF efferent tracts, mediating upgaze, that are damaged in such cases. consequently these tracts, probably originating from the dorsolateral part of the riMLF, would decussate through the posterior commissure before they reach the oculomotor nuclei. Combined downgaze and upgaze paralysis results from bilateral lesions involving the region related to the whole riMLF on both sides. The principal conclusion is that the riMLF efferent tracts mediating upward and downward gaze have clearly separate courses in the immediate premotor structures.
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259
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Gray F. Preventive medicine in general practice. West J Med 1982. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.284.6324.1260-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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260
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261
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Lemaire JF, Autret A, Biziere K, Romet-Lemone JL, Gray F. Amiodaron neuropathy: further arguments for human drug-induced neurolipidosis. Eur Neurol 1982; 21:65-8. [PMID: 7094952 DOI: 10.1159/000115456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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262
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Pierrot-Deseilligny C, Chain F, Serdaru M, Gray F, Lhermitte F. The 'one-and-a-half' syndrome. Electro-oculographic analyses of five cases with deductions about the Physiological mechanisms of lateral gaze. Brain 1981; 104:665-99. [PMID: 7326563 DOI: 10.1093/brain/104.4.665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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263
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Laplane D, Degos JD, Baulac M, Gray F. Bilateral infarction of the anterior cingulate gyri and of the fornices. Report of a case. J Neurol Sci 1981; 51:289-300. [PMID: 7276980 DOI: 10.1016/0022-510x(81)90107-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
A 70-year-old woman had complex behavioural changes of sudden onset. The symptoms consisted of indifference, docility and inappropriate urination, but predominantly in a lack of attention. She was unable to maintain the attention necessary to perform a goal-directed activity and she was distracted by any stimulus, such as a sound, an object, or a word, which might induce behaviour irrelevant to the preconceived activity. She also exhibited confabulatory-amnestic syndrome. Neuropathological examination of the brain revealed infarcts in th territories of both anterior cerebral arteries. The rostral part of the anterior cingulate gyrus (Acg), small areas of the adjacent medial prefrontal cortex, and the underlying white matter were destroyed bilaterally. Infarction involved the deep territory of the left anterior cerebral artery, with a bilateral lesion of the fornices. This cingulate damage was more restricted than the Acg lesions reported in some cases of akinetic-mutism, which extended more caudally, but was presumably larger than the lesions created in psychosurgery. The impairment of attention was analyzed according to the possible roles of the cingulate and of the fornix lesions as causing a dysfunction between the frontal lobes and the hippocampal formations.
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264
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Gray F, Anderson J. Transfer of health information in cases of adoption. NURSING TIMES 1981; 77:563-6. [PMID: 6907930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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265
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Lhermitte F, Gray F, Bernard P, Lyon-Caen O, Pertuiset BF. [Paralysis of the digestive tract with lesions of the myenteric plexus and cancer. A new possible paraneoplastic syndrome]. LA NOUVELLE PRESSE MEDICALE 1981; 10:253. [PMID: 7465364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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266
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Faugere MC, Mussini JM, Pellissier JF, Henin D, Gray F, Brousse N. [Eosinophilic myositis and Shulman syndrome (author's transl)]. LA SEMAINE DES HOPITAUX : ORGANE FONDE PAR L'ASSOCIATION D'ENSEIGNEMENT MEDICAL DES HOPITAUX DE PARIS 1981; 57:158-62. [PMID: 6261355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Three cases with eosinophilic infiltration of fascia and muscle are described. In every case at least one relapse occurred. One patient exhibited clinically the definite features of eosinophilic fasciitis. About two cases a tentative diagnosis of Shulman's syndrome is discussed. In these patients, all known causes of eosinophilic myositis had been excluded.
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267
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Mussini JM, Gray F, Hauw JJ, Piette AM, Prost A. Rigid spine syndrome: histological examinations of male and female cases. ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA. SUPPLEMENTUM 1981; 7:331-3. [PMID: 6452788 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-81553-9_95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Histological findings in the limb-muscle of two new cases of Rigid Spine Syndrome are described. The first male case exhibited a disproportion in fiber type with predominance of the type II fibers with a slight increase of large fibers. Some of the type I fibers were slightly atrophic. No other consistent abnormalities could be seen, excepted thickness of vessel basal lamina. The second female case had a relatively distinct muscular pattern. Necrotizing phenomenon were mild without fibrosis. Type I predominance were obvious. Atrophic and hypertrophic fibers could be seen in both types populations, with a relatively higher rate in type II. These two additional cases and those of the literature showed varied non specific histology, without any histo-chemical nor ultrastructural characteristic pattern.
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268
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Hauw JJ, Gray F, Baudrimont M, Escourolle R. Cerebellar changes in 50 cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease with emphasis on granule cell atrophy variant. ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA. SUPPLEMENTUM 1981; 7:196-8. [PMID: 7013414 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-81553-9_59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Cerebellar changes have been found in 41/50 cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. They were severe in 9 cases. We did not find significant correlation between the cerebellar symptoms and signs pointed out in clinical records and prominent cerebellar changes. The only exception consisted in dentate nucleus involvement which was more frequently related to those symptoms and signs. 5 of the cases with severe changes were characterized by predominant granule cell atrophy without kuru plaques. The mean age of death (56.0) was significantly lower in this variant than that of patients with other cerebellar changes (64.4) (p less than 0.01). The granule cell atrophy seems a distinct variant on the basis of age of death and pathological changes. However, it is not characterized by the presence of kuru plaques.
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269
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Gray F, De Baecque C, Serdaru M, Escourolle R. Pallido-luyso-nigral atrophy and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA. SUPPLEMENTUM 1981; 7:348-51. [PMID: 6939267 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-81553-9_99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Clinical and neuropathological studies of a case of pallido-luyso-nigral atrophy and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in a young woman with a strong likelihood of a similar familial past medical history have been presented. Microscopic examination revealed neuronal loss and gliosis of globus pallidus, corpus luysii and substantia nigra. Pallor of the pyramidal tracts and neuronal loss in hypoglossal nuclei and anterior horns with gliosis were present. The rarity of the association of a pallido-luyso-nigral atrophy and an ALS, the occurrence of an ALS at such a young age and the fact that her grandmother died of Parkinson disease at age 30 suggest that this association may represent more than a coincidental occurrence.
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270
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Serdaru M, Gray F, Merland JJ, Escourolle R, Grumbach R. Moyamoya disease and intracerebral hematoma. Clinical pathological report. Neuroradiology 1979; 18:47-52. [PMID: 514496 DOI: 10.1007/bf00346212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This report concerns a hypertensive woman who suffered a stroke at the age of 51 and recovered from left hemiparesis after 3 to 4 months. During the subsequent 24 years she had four seizures which involved the left arm and face and became generalized, ending with left hemiparesis, from which she recovered after 4 to 5 days. Carotid angiography was performed in 1967, 1973 and 1974 and the characteristic picture of moyamoya disease was demonstrated. She died at the age of 77 with extensive vascular disease. The literature concerning 215 cases of moyamoya disease, in which there were 14 intracerebral hematomas, is reviewed and discussed.
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271
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Buge A, Escourolle R, Rancurel G, Gray F, Pertuiset BF. [Delayed radionecrosis of the cerebral hemispheres following betatron electron beam irradiation for scalp cancer. Pathological and clinical findings in one case (author's transl)]. LA SEMAINE DES HOPITAUX : ORGANE FONDE PAR L'ASSOCIATION D'ENSEIGNEMENT MEDICAL DES HOPITAUX DE PARIS 1979; 55:1051-5. [PMID: 225810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Three years following an irradiation by the Betatron's electron beam of an epithelioma in left parieto occipital area of the scalp in a female patient aged 77, early suffering from high blood pressure, a fatal pseudo-tumoral brain necrosis occurs presenting as a rapidly increasing from of Wernicke's aphasia. The necropsy shows intense radionecrosis lesions of the brain and the bone, free of any parenchymatous malignant proliferation note-worthy for the striking density of microvascular changes as previously described in radiation therapy. The case observed some years ago, allows to definite again the limits doses of the extracranial irradiations now estimated at 1760 rets. That is the "Nominal Standard Dose" (NSD) measured by rets and taking into account the number of seances (N) and the duration of irradiation (T) which would be to take the place of "the total dose" (D) (rads). These dosimetric criteria themselves must be adjusted to the age and the vascular features of each patient.
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272
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Godeau P, Herreman G, de Prost Y, Marty JP, Baloc PT, Gray F. [Sigmoid perforation during the course of cholesterol emboli simulating polyarteritis nodosa (author's transl)]. LA SEMAINE DES HOPITAUX : ORGANE FONDE PAR L'ASSOCIATION D'ENSEIGNEMENT MEDICAL DES HOPITAUX DE PARIS 1979; 55:951-4. [PMID: 40309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cholesterol emboli have only recently been recognized as a pathological entity and their clinical picture is still not clearly defined. A case is reported of a patient presenting signs of a severe systemic affection with distal arteriolitis and also general and biological signs of a severe inflammatory process having the particular characteristic of apparent corticoid sensitivity. The patient died following ischemic necrosis of the sigmoid from perforation and peritonitis, also related to the presence of cholesterol emboli.
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273
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Buge A, Escourolle R, Hauw JJ, Rancurel G, Gray F, Tempier P. [Acute pseudobulbar palsy related to bilateral infarction of a part of the anterior choroidal arteries territory; a case report (author's transl)]. Rev Neurol (Paris) 1979; 135:313-8. [PMID: 504862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A 73 year old man had a pure, acute pseudobulbar syndrome. The pathological study showed only two infarcts of different ages. They involved uncompletely the territories of both anterior cohroidal arteries. On semi-serial sections, both cortico-bulbar tracts were destroyed whereas the cortico-spinal tracts were spared.
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274
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Buge A, Escourolle R, Rancurel G, Gray F, Pertuiset BF. [Strümpell Lorrain's familial spasmodic paraplegia. An anatomical and clinical review and report on a new case (author's transl)]. Rev Neurol (Paris) 1979; 135:329-37. [PMID: 504864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The authors describe the anatomical and clinical findings in a case of the pure form of Strümpell Lorrain's familial spasmodic paraplegia. This hereditary condition of the dominant autosomic type has very monomorphic pathognomonic features which are found in all patients affected. The slowly progressive isolated spastic hypertonia appears exclusively in the upright position and the extent of the disease can be ascertained by clinical observation during walking. The myelino-axial degeneration which is strictly limited to the spinal cord has an elective localization in the crossed pyramidal tracts, is less evident in the direct tracts and is mainly predominant in the lumbosacral and low dorsal regions of the cord. The extension of the process beyond the limits of the extrapyramidal tracts confirms the generally accepted unity of spinocerebellar degenerations. In this case the spinocerebellar tracts were less involved than the lumbar spinal ganglia, as well as their distant axial continuation to Goll's tracts only at the cervical level and until the bulber nucleus gracilis.
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275
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Buge A, Escourolle R, Poisson M, Gray F, Bleibel JM, Jaudon MC. [Progressive dialytic encephalopathy. Role of the aluminium and neurological study. One case (author's transl)]. LA NOUVELLE PRESSE MEDICALE 1979; 8:1071-4. [PMID: 461135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Report a typical case of dialytic dementia in a patient treated with aluminium gels. The course was fatal in fifteen months duration. Before interruption of aluminium gel intake, the aluminium blood level measured by atomic absorption spectrography was at 1300 microgram/l (normal less than 40 microgram/l). Cerebral aluminium was studied by the method of Le Gendre and Alfrey. On the three studied specimens of gray matter including, the parieto rolandic cortex, the thalamus, the cerebellar cortex, the mean aluminium concentration was seven times higher than the witness. The optic and electronic microscopy study showed important accumulation of lipofuscin. No neurofibrillary degeneration was observed. In contrast to the intensity of the clinical signs and the fatal course the cerebral lesions were slight.
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276
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Escourolle R, de Baecque C, Gray F, Baumann N, Hauw JJ. [Electron microscopic and neurochemical study of Alexander's disease (author's transl)]. Acta Neuropathol 1979; 45:133-40. [PMID: 419936 DOI: 10.1007/bf00691891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The authors report the results of a cerebral and of a neuromuscular biopsies and of the autopsy findings in another infantile case of Alexander's disease in a girl. They review the 17 previously reported cases of this disease and the various etiopathogenic hypotheses mentioned. The presence of numerous, sometimes abnormal enlarged mitochondria and of abundant membranous cytoplasmic bodies in the astrocytic cytoplasm seems to be unreported elsewhere. Peripheral nerve changes are mentioned for the first time.
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277
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to detect early muscular changes in lepromatous leprosy using simultaneously electromyography and muscle biopsy. In 13 subjects a single clinically normal muscle innervated by the popliteal nerve was studied. Three were found to be normal. All the others were electromyographically denervated. Histopathologic findings included only 3 cases of fascicular atrophy. In 8 cases inflammatory nodules were observed in the connective tissue of the muscle and acid-fast bacilli were present in Virchow cells in 5. In only one patient were intact acid-fast bacilli found in muscle cells. It was concluded that electromyography was the better method of detecting early denervation, while muscle biopsy was the better examination to detect "lepromatous myositis". In practice these techniques are complementary in the study of muscle data in lepromatous leprosy.
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278
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Turpin JC, Escourolle R, Gray F, Fournet JP, Castaing H, Dupard MC. [Carbon monoxide poisoning of the fetus. Apropos of a clinico-pathological case]. Rev Neurol (Paris) 1978; 134:485-95. [PMID: 749124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Anatomical and clinical observations are described in a case of carbon monoxide poisoning which caused the death of the baby rapidly. The anatomical lesions are comparable to those observed in 8 other cases reported in the literature. The physiopathological mechanism involved is discussed in relation to previously reported clinical, toxicological, and experimental data.
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279
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Buge A, Escourolle R, Brion S, Rancurel G, Hauw JJ, Mehaut M, Gray F, Gajdusek DC. [Familial Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. A clinical and pathological study of three cases in a family with eight affected members in three generations (author's transl)]. Rev Neurol (Paris) 1978; 134:165-81. [PMID: 100844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We report here a family with three pathologically confirmed cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in three siblings and with transmission of one case to the squirrel monkey. This family, originating from the South-East of England, settled in France in 1870. Eight members of the family, distributed in three generations, were affected by the disease at the same age (about 50), with similar symptoms and length of evolution. Two cases were confirmed at post-mortem and one case by cerebral biopsy. The genealogic inquiry dealth with 46 members of 5 generations. All the affected members, six men and two women, belonged to the three older generations which were comprised of 15 individuals. All had lived in close relationship in a limited area of the north of Ardennas. The possible mechanisms of dominant inheritance or cross infection are discussed.
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280
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Buge A, Escourolle R, Poisson M, Gray F. [Diffuse non-granulamtous reticular cerebral infiltration in a patient treated for Hodgkin's disease]. ANNALES DE MEDECINE INTERNE 1977; 128:969-72. [PMID: 341771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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281
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Castaigne P, Laplane D, Autret A, Bousser MG, Gray F, Baron JC. [Shy-Drager syndrome with disturbances of the respiratory rhythm and consciousness. A propos of an anatomo-clinical case]. Rev Neurol (Paris) 1977; 133:455-66. [PMID: 929038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The case, including pathological description, of a 65 year old man is presented. Severe disturbances in respiratory rhythm and consciousness occurring during wakefulness and sleep, progressing by acute exacerbations, developed after the disease had been present for 4 years and resulted in death after three months. Small degenerative lesions of the pontine nucleus, the locus coerulus, the intermedio-lateral column and the substantia nigra were seen.
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282
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Buge A, Escourolle R, Chomette G, Rancurel G, Hauw JJ, Mussini JM, Gray F. [Mesenchymatous chondrosarcoma of the adductors of the thigh discovered as a result of a retro-orbital metastasis]. ANNALES DE MEDECINE INTERNE 1977; 128:471-6. [PMID: 907261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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283
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Buge A, Escourolle R, Chomette G, Rancurel G, Dechy H, Hauw JJ, Gray F. [Behçet's disease with neurologic manifestations and endocardial fibrosis of the right heart. Anatomoclinical study of a case]. ANNALES DE MEDECINE INTERNE 1977; 128:411-9. [PMID: 410337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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284
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Escourolle R, Bourdon R, Galli A, Galle P, Jaudon MC, Hauw JJ, Gray F. [Neuropathologic and toxicologic study of 12 cases of bismuth encephalopathy]. Rev Neurol (Paris) 1977; 133:153-63. [PMID: 918459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Examination of twelve cases of bismuth encephalopathy showed a constantand marked elevation of the bismuth levels in autopsy cerebral tissue (ranging from 2-8 mg/kg to 25 mg/kg). These values were found to be much higher than the last-measured Bismuth venous blood values. In every case, periveinular lymphocytic infiltration and abundant intra-cytoplasmic lipofuscin were seen. The microanalysis with Castaing's electrode revealed the presence of focal areas of bismuth in the leptomeningeal spaces. The significance of the lesions is not fully established and it will undergo further investigations.
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285
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Cambier J, Masson M, Dairou R, Gray F, Henin D, Laurent D. [Centro-pontine myelinolysis associated with diffuse lesions of the white matter. Water-electrolyte disturbances associated with diuretic therapy]. Rev Neurol (Paris) 1977; 133:89-99. [PMID: 866866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The authors report a case of centropontine myelinosis associated with demyelinising lesions of the tectum mesencephali, the cerebellum, the central grey nuclei and the white matter of the hemispheres. This case is compared with similar observations already studied in the literature. From an aetiological standpoint, attention is drawn to the apparent causative role of diuretic therapy which had resulted in severe water and electrolyte disturbances.
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286
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Buge A, Poisson M, Fohanno D, Gray F. [Intracranial hypertension caused by cancerous meningitis. Apropos of 2 cases]. ANNALES DE MEDECINE INTERNE 1977; 128:143-9. [PMID: 869383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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287
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Bonduelle M, Escourolle R, Bouygues P, Lormeau G, Gray F. [Familial olivo-ponto-cerebellar atrophy with myoclonus. Limits of cerebellar myoclonic dyssynergia (Ramsay-Hunt syndrome)]. Rev Neurol (Paris) 1976; 132:113-24. [PMID: 973068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The case is described of a woman of 26 suffering (like her mother, a brother and a sister) from a progressively degenerating cerebellar syndrome, at first considered to be hereditary cerebellar ataxia, but which, after action myoclonus appeared, was diagnosed as dyssynergia cerebellaris myoclonica (D.C.M.). Anatomical verification however revealed a syndrome of olivo-ponto-cerebellar atrophy comprising massive demyelinisation of the white matter of the cerebellum and of the cerebellopontine fibres; atrophy of the pontine nuclei; the cerebellar cortex itself was severely affected; moderate nigral lesions; marked spinal lesions of the cerebellospinal fasciculi and of the posterior columns; lesions of the anterior horns and of the bulbar nuclei; cortical chromatolysis. The fact that the dentate system remained unaffected, also noted in some cases of olivo-ponto-cerebellar atrophy with myoclonus, whilst in a number of other cases the lesion remains clinically silent, emphasises the difficulty in establishing an accurate correlation between myoclonus and dentate nucleus. Discussion of the nosological limits of D.C.M.: confirmed cases generally displayed lesions of the dentate system and hereditary degenerative spino-cerebellar lesions. The same clinical symptoms can be observed in cases which do not come under this classification--or even under that of degenerative conditions of the cerebellar system--and D.C.M. appears to be only a syndrome, the Ramsay-Hunt syndrome.
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288
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Rouzaud M, Degiovanni E, Gray F, Rossazza C, Durand JP. [Ocular manifestations of the Steele-Richardson-Olszewski syndrome (apropos of 2 cases)]. REVUE D'OTO-NEURO-OPHTALMOLOGIE 1975; 47:307-15. [PMID: 1215735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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289
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Samson M, Augustin P, Verdure L, Gray F. [Massive bilateral and symmetric necrosis of the white matter in purulent meningitis]. REVUE D'OTO-NEURO-OPHTALMOLOGIE 1975; 47:317-23. [PMID: 1215736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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290
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Buge A, Escourolle R, Poisson M, Rancurel G, Gray F. [Spinal cord sarcoidosis. Anatomo-clinical case]. ANNALES DE MEDECINE INTERNE 1975; 126:11-6. [PMID: 1229962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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291
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Castaigne P, Escourolle R, Brunet P, Gray F, Rouques C, Le Bigot P. [Primary cerebral reticulosarcoma associated with multiple sclerosis lesions]. Rev Neurol (Paris) 1974; 130:181-8. [PMID: 4610684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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292
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Rouzaud M, Degiovanni E, Jobard P, Gray F, Durand JP. [Progressive supranuclear ophtalmoplegia. (Steele-Richardon-Olszewski syndrome). New anatomo-clinical case]. Rev Neurol (Paris) 1974; 130:143-64. [PMID: 4445658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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293
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Pouliquen A, Levillain D, Gray F, Samson-Dollfus D, Rogler M. [4 anatomoclinical cases of homonymous lateral hemianopsia studied using evoked potentials]. REVUE D'OTO-NEURO-OPHTALMOLOGIE 1974; 46:133-6. [PMID: 4432022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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294
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Gautier JC, Laudat P, Rosa A, Gray F, Lhermitte F. [Refsum's disease. Phytol loading test in an offspring]. LA NOUVELLE PRESSE MEDICALE 1973; 2:2029-32. [PMID: 4125913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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295
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Lapresle J, Gray F. [Ultrastructural study of skeletal muscle in polymyositis]. ANNALES D'ANATOMIE PATHOLOGIQUE 1973; 18:195-209. [PMID: 4716942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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296
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Bacon M, Gray F. Evidence for Crust in the Deep Ocean derived from Continental Crust. Nature 1971; 229:331-2. [PMID: 16059222 DOI: 10.1038/229331a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/1970] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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297
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Gray F. Skills needed in general practice. BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL 1968; 1:517. [PMID: 5643748 PMCID: PMC1985179 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.1.5590.517-e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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298
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Gray F. Vocational training for general practice. West J Med 1967. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.4.5572.177-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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299
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300
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Gray F. Complaints Against Doctors. West J Med 1965. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.1.5432.455-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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