126
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Leung WK, Chan HLY, Lai RWM, Sung JJY. Establishment of public norovirus genome database in Hong Kong. Hong Kong Med J 2010; 16:4-7. [PMID: 20864738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
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127
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Leung WK, Chan PKS, Lee NLS, Sung JJY. Development of an in vitro cell culture model for human noroviruses and its clinical application. Hong Kong Med J 2010; 16:18-21. [PMID: 20864742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
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128
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Ng MHL, Cheng SH, Lau KM, Leung GM, Khoo US, Zee BCW, Sung JJY. Immunogenetics in SARS: a case-control study. Hong Kong Med J 2010; 16:29-33. [PMID: 20864745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
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129
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Sivaramakrishnan S, Sung J, Ali M, Doniach S, Flyvbjerg H, Spudich J. Combining single-molecule optical trapping and small-angle x-ray scattering measurements to compute the persistence length of a protein ER/K alpha-helix. Biophys J 2009; 97:2993-9. [PMID: 19948129 PMCID: PMC2784555 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2009.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2009] [Revised: 08/17/2009] [Accepted: 09/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A relatively unknown protein structure motif forms stable isolated single alpha-helices, termed ER/K alpha-helices, in a wide variety of proteins and has been shown to be essential for the function of some molecular motors. The flexibility of the ER/K alpha-helix determines whether it behaves as a force transducer, rigid spacer, or flexible linker in proteins. In this study, we quantify this flexibility in terms of persistence length, namely the length scale over which it is rigid. We use single-molecule optical trapping and small-angle x-ray scattering, combined with Monte Carlo simulations to demonstrate that the Kelch ER/K alpha-helix behaves as a wormlike chain with a persistence length of approximately 15 nm or approximately 28 turns of alpha-helix. The ER/K alpha-helix length in proteins varies from 3 to 60 nm, with a median length of approximately 5 nm. Knowledge of its persistence length enables us to define its function as a rigid spacer in a translation initiation factor, as a force transducer in the mechanoenzyme myosin VI, and as a flexible spacer in the Kelch-motif-containing protein.
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Poon TCW, Pang RTK, Chan KCA, Lee NLS, Chiu RWK, Tong YK, Chim SSC, Ngai SM, Sung JJY, Lo YMD. Proteomic profiling in SARS: diagnostic and prognostic applications. Hong Kong Med J 2009; 15 Suppl 8:15-18. [PMID: 20393206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
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131
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Hui DSC, Hall S, Chan MTC, Joynt GM, Chow B, Sung JJY. Risks posed by the use of oxygen therapy and non-invasive positive pressure ventilation: a pilot study. Hong Kong Med J 2009; 15 Suppl 8:4-7. [PMID: 20393203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
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132
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Poon TCW, Kam RKT, Sung JJY, Wong N, Hui AY, Chan HLY. Serum total glycosylation profiling for non-invasive diagnosis of liver cirrhosis in people with chronic hepatitis B. Hong Kong Med J 2009; 15 Suppl 8:42-44. [PMID: 20393213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
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133
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Sung JJY, Yu I, Zhong NS, Tsoi K. Super-spreading events of SARS in a hospital setting: who, when, and why? Hong Kong Med J 2009; 15 Suppl 8:29-33. [PMID: 20393210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
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134
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Hui DSC, Wong KT, Antonio GE, Ahuja A, Sung JJY. Correlation of clinical outcomes and radiographic features in SARS patients. Hong Kong Med J 2009; 15 Suppl 8:24-28. [PMID: 20393209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
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135
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Hui DSC, Wong KT, Antonio GE, Tong M, Chan DP, Sung JJY. Long-term sequelae of SARS: physical, neuropsychiatric, and quality-of-life assessment. Hong Kong Med J 2009; 15 Suppl 8:21-23. [PMID: 20393208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
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136
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Liu X, Wang X, Zhang J, Lam EKY, Shin VY, Cheng ASL, Yu J, Chan FKL, Sung JJY, Jin HC. Warburg effect revisited: an epigenetic link between glycolysis and gastric carcinogenesis. Oncogene 2009; 29:442-50. [PMID: 19881551 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2009.332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In cancer cells, glucose is often converted into lactic acid, which is known as the 'Warburg effect'. The reason that cancer cells have a higher rate of aerobic glycolysis, but not oxidative phosphorylation, remains largely unclear. Herein, we proposed an epigenetic mechanism of the Warburg effect. Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase-1 (FBP1), which functions to antagonize glycolysis was downregulated through NF-kappaB pathway in Ras-transformed NIH3T3 cells. Restoration of FBP1 expression suppressed anchorage-independent growth, indicating the relevance of FBP1 downregulation in carcinogenesis. Indeed, FBP1 was downregulated in gastric carcinomas (P<0.01, n=22) and gastric cancer cell lines (57%, 4/7). Restoration of FBP1 expression reduced growth and glycolysis in gastric cancer cells. Moreover, FBP1 downregulation was reversed by pharmacological demethylation. Its promoter was hypermethylated in gastric cancer cell lines (57%, 4/7) and gastric carcinomas (33%, 33/101). Inhibition of NF-kappaB restored FBP1 expression, partially through demethylation of FBP1 promoter. Notably, Cox regression analysis revealed FBP1 promoter methylation as an independent prognosis predicator for gastric cancer (hazard ratio: 3.60, P=0.010). In summary, we found that NF-kappaB functions downstream of Ras to promote epigenetic downregulation of FBP1. Promoter methylation of FBP1 can be used as a new biomarker for prognosis prediction of gastric cancer. Such an important epigenetic link between glycolysis and carcinogenesis partly explains the Warburg effect.
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Ng EKO, Chong WWS, Jin H, Lam EKY, Shin VY, Yu J, Poon TCW, Ng SSM, Sung JJY. Differential expression of microRNAs in plasma of patients with colorectal cancer: a potential marker for colorectal cancer screening. Gut 2009. [PMID: 19201770 DOI: 10.1136/gut.2008.167817;] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to offer great potential in the diagnosis of cancer. We investigated whether plasma miRNAs could discriminate between patients with and without colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS This study was divided into three phases: (1) marker discovery using real-time PCR-based miRNA profiling on plasma, corresponding cancerous and adjacent non-cancerous colonic tissues of five patients with CRC, along with plasma from five healthy individuals as controls; (2) marker selection and validation by real-time quantitative RT-PCR on a small set of plasma; and (3) independent validation on a large set of plasma from 90 patients with CRC, 20 patients with gastric cancer, 20 patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and 50 healthy controls. RESULTS Of the panel of 95 miRNAs analysed, five were upregulated both in plasma and tissue samples. All the five miRNAs were validated on the plasma of 25 patients with CRC and 20 healthy controls. Both miR-17-3p and miR-92 were significantly elevated in the patients with CRC (p<0.0005). The plasma levels of these markers were significantly reduced after surgery in 10 patients with CRC (p<0.05). Further validation with an independent set of plasma samples (n = 180) indicated that miR-92 differentiates CRC from gastric cancer, IBD and normal subjects. This marker yielded a receiver operating characteristic curve area of 88.5%. At a cut-off of 240 (relative expression in comparison to RNU6B snRNA), the sensitivity was 89% and the specificity was 70% in discriminating CRC from control subjects. CONCLUSION MiR-92 is significantly elevated in plasma of patients with CRC and can be a potential non-invasive molecular marker for CRC screening.
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Ng EKO, Chong WWS, Jin H, Lam EKY, Shin VY, Yu J, Poon TCW, Ng SSM, Sung JJY. Differential expression of microRNAs in plasma of patients with colorectal cancer: a potential marker for colorectal cancer screening. Gut 2009; 58:1375-81. [PMID: 19201770 DOI: 10.1136/gut.2008.167817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 885] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to offer great potential in the diagnosis of cancer. We investigated whether plasma miRNAs could discriminate between patients with and without colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS This study was divided into three phases: (1) marker discovery using real-time PCR-based miRNA profiling on plasma, corresponding cancerous and adjacent non-cancerous colonic tissues of five patients with CRC, along with plasma from five healthy individuals as controls; (2) marker selection and validation by real-time quantitative RT-PCR on a small set of plasma; and (3) independent validation on a large set of plasma from 90 patients with CRC, 20 patients with gastric cancer, 20 patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and 50 healthy controls. RESULTS Of the panel of 95 miRNAs analysed, five were upregulated both in plasma and tissue samples. All the five miRNAs were validated on the plasma of 25 patients with CRC and 20 healthy controls. Both miR-17-3p and miR-92 were significantly elevated in the patients with CRC (p<0.0005). The plasma levels of these markers were significantly reduced after surgery in 10 patients with CRC (p<0.05). Further validation with an independent set of plasma samples (n = 180) indicated that miR-92 differentiates CRC from gastric cancer, IBD and normal subjects. This marker yielded a receiver operating characteristic curve area of 88.5%. At a cut-off of 240 (relative expression in comparison to RNU6B snRNA), the sensitivity was 89% and the specificity was 70% in discriminating CRC from control subjects. CONCLUSION MiR-92 is significantly elevated in plasma of patients with CRC and can be a potential non-invasive molecular marker for CRC screening.
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139
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Lee S, Wu J, Ma YL, Tsang A, Guo WJ, Sung J. Irritable bowel syndrome is strongly associated with generalized anxiety disorder: a community study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2009; 30:643-51. [PMID: 19552631 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2009.04074.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND No previous study has examined the comorbidity of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) in a general population using standardized diagnostic methods. AIM To examine the prevalence, comorbidity and risk correlates of IBS and GAD in a general population. METHODS A random community-based telephone survey was conducted. The questionnaire covered symptoms of IBS, GAD, core depressive symptoms, help-seeking behaviour and functional impairment on the Sheehan Disability Scale. RESULTS A total of 2005 participants completed the interview. The current prevalence of IBS was 5.4% and the 12-month prevalence of GAD was 4%. GAD was five times more common among IBS respondents than non-IBS respondents (OR: 5.84, P < 0.001), whereas IBS was 4.7 times more common among GAD respondents than among non-GAD respondents (OR: 6.32, P < 0.001). Core depressive symptoms (OR: 6.25, P < 0.01) and education level (OR: 5.918, P = 0.021) were risk correlates of GAD among IBS respondents. Comorbid respondents were more impaired than respondents having either disorder alone, but were not more likely to seek professional help than IBS-only respondents. CONCLUSION Irritable Bowel Syndrome and GAD comorbidity was common and added to impairment in the community. The strong association between psychiatric morbidity and IBS observed in referral centres was not a consequence of increased help-seeking behaviour.
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Li J, Ng EKO, Ng YP, Wong CYP, Yu J, Jin H, Cheng VYY, Go MYY, Cheung PKF, Ebert MPA, Tong J, To KF, Chan FKL, Sung JJY, Ip NY, Leung WK. Identification of retinoic acid-regulated nuclear matrix-associated protein as a novel regulator of gastric cancer. Br J Cancer 2009; 101:691-8. [PMID: 19672268 PMCID: PMC2736823 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2009] [Revised: 06/18/2009] [Accepted: 06/30/2009] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retinoic acid-regulated nuclear matrix-associated protein (RAMP) is a WD40 repeat-containing protein that is involved in various biological functions, but little is known about its role in human cancer. This study aims to delineate the oncogenic role of RAMP in gastric carcinogenesis. METHODS RAMP expression was examined by real-time quantitative RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry and western blotting. Inhibition of RAMP expression was performed by siRNA-mediated knockdown. The functional effects of RAMP on cell kinetics were measured by cell viability assay, colony formation assay and flow cytometry. Cell lines stably expressing RAMP were established to investigate the oncogenic effects of RAMP in vitro. RESULTS Ramp was readily expressed in all seven gastric cancer cell lines and was significantly increased in human gastric cancer tissues when compared with their adjacent non-cancerous tissues (P<0.001). In keeping with this, expression of RAMP protein was higher in gastric cancer tissues compared with their adjacent non-cancerous tissues, whereas moderate protein expression were noted in intestinal metaplasia. Knockdown of RAMP in gastric cancer cells significantly reduced cell proliferation (P<0.01) and soft agar colony formation (P<0.001), but induced apoptosis and G(2)/M arrest. In additional, knockdown RAMP induced cell apoptosis is dependent on functional accumulation of p53 and p21 and induction of cleaved caspases-9, caspases-3 and PARP. Strikingly, overexpression of RAMP promoted anchorage-independent cell growth in soft agar. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that RAMP plays an oncogenic role in gastric carcinogenesis. Inhibition of RAMP may be a promising approach for gastric cancer therapy.
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141
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Ng EKO, Tsang WP, Ng SSM, Jin HC, Yu J, Li JJ, Röcken C, Ebert MPA, Kwok TT, Sung JJY. MicroRNA-143 targets DNA methyltransferases 3A in colorectal cancer. Br J Cancer 2009; 101:699-706. [PMID: 19638978 PMCID: PMC2736825 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are 19-25-nucleotides regulatory non-protein-coding RNA molecules that regulate the expressions of a wide variety of genes, including some involved in cancer development. In this study, we investigated the possible role of miR-143 in colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS Expression levels of human mature miRNAs were examined using real-time PCR-based expression arrays on paired colorectal carcinomas and adjacent non-cancerous colonic tissues. The downregulation of miR-143 was further evaluated in colon cancer cell lines and in paired CRC and adjacent non-cancerous colonic tissues by qRT-PCR. Potential targets of miR-143 were defined. The functional effect of miR-143 and its targets was investigated in human colon cancer cell lines to confirm miRNA-target association. RESULTS Both real-time PCR-based expression arrays and qRT-PCR showed that miR-143 was frequently downregulated in 87.5% (35 of 40) of colorectal carcinoma tissues compared with their adjacent non-cancerous colonic tissues. Using in silico predictions, DNA methyltranferase 3A (DNMT3A) was defined as a potential target of miR-143. Restoration of the miR-143 expression in colon cell lines decreased tumour cell growth and soft-agar colony formation, and downregulated the DNMT3A expression in both mRNA and protein levels. DNMT3A was shown to be a direct target of miR-143 by luciferase reporter assay. Furthermore, the miR-143 expression was observed to be inversely correlated with DNMT3A mRNA and protein expression in CRC tissues. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that miR-143 regulates DNMT3A in CRC. These findings elucidated a tumour-suppressive role of miR-143 in the epigenetic aberration of CRC, providing a potential development of miRNA-based targeted approaches for CRC therapy.
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Kim SH, Shin JH, Han K, Baek S, Sung J, Hyon M, Lim D, Ahn Y, Kim Y, Kim D, Choi Y, Park C, Kim HS. Abstract: P1186 PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED MULTICENTER COMPARISON OF ROSUVASTATIN AND ATORVASTATIN IN ASIAN PATIENTS WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME AND INCREASED LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL LEVEL. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(09)71213-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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143
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He ML, Zheng BJ, Chen Y, Wong KL, Huang JD, Lin MC, Yuen KY, Sung JJY, Kung HF. Development of interfering RNA agents to inhibit SARS-associated coronavirus infection and replication. Hong Kong Med J 2009; 15:28-31. [PMID: 19509435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
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144
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Sung J, Lee K, Song YM. Relationship of eating behavior to long-term weight change and body mass index: the Healthy Twin study. Eat Weight Disord 2009; 14:e98-105. [PMID: 19934643 DOI: 10.1007/bf03327806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the relationships of the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) subscales with weight change and with current body mass index (BMI). A total of 1576 adult twins and their families (578 Korean men, 998 Korean women, age 44.5+/-12.9 years) participating in the Healthy Twin study completed a survey that included the DEBQ, self-reported weight at 20 years old and intentionally lost weight over the past 4 years. Their anthropometric measurements were taken. Using the general linear models, restrained eating was positively associated with weight gain from 20 years old to current age [beta (B) =1.01, standard error (SE)=0.27, p<0.001], and with current BMI (B=0.33, SE=0.09, p<0.001) after adjusting for demographics, health-related behaviors, energy intake, and emotional and external eating. Likewise, emotional eating was positively associated with weight gain (B=0.83, SE=0.28, p<0.001), and with current BMI (B=0.35, SE=0.10, p=0.003) after adjusting those factors, and restrained and external eating. However, external eating was not associated with both outcomes. In conclusion, high restrained eating or emotional eating may be indicators for long-term weight gain and high BMI in Korean twins and their families.
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145
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Sung JJY, Kuipers EJ, El-Serag HB. Systematic review: the global incidence and prevalence of peptic ulcer disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2009; 29:938-46. [PMID: 19220208 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2009.03960.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is most commonly associated with Helicobacter pylori infection and the use of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The management of H. pylori infection has improved radically in recent years; however, the prescription of ASA and NSAIDs has increased over the same period. AIM To evaluate the current global incidence and prevalence of PUD by systematic review of the literature published over the last decade. METHODS Systematic searches of PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane library. RESULTS The annual incidence rates of PUD were 0.10-0.19% for physician-diagnosed PUD and 0.03-0.17% when based on hospitalization data. The 1-year prevalence based on physician diagnosis was 0.12-1.50% and that based on hospitalization data was 0.10-0.19%. The majority of studies reported a decrease in the incidence or prevalence of PUD over time. CONCLUSIONS Peptic ulcer disease remains a common condition, although reported incidence and prevalence are decreasing. This decrease may be due to a decrease in H. pylori-associated PUD.
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146
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Chow DKL, Sung JJY, Tsoi KKF, Wong VWS, Wu JCY, Leong RWL, Chan FKL. Predictors of corticosteroid-dependent and corticosteroid-refractory inflammatory bowel disease: analysis of a Chinese cohort study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2009; 29:843-54. [PMID: 19154567 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2009.03944.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) who are corticosteroid-dependent or -refractory are at higher risk of developing disease- and treatment-related complications. AIMS To identify retrospectively clinical factors present at diagnosis that predict the occurrence of corticosteroid dependency and refractoriness in Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) patients. METHODS A total of 310 IBD patients (134 CD, 176 UC) were observed for 2140 person years and their use of systemic corticosteroids was determined. Outcomes of corticosteroid dependency and refractoriness were recorded. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the clinical factors associated with outcomes. RESULTS Seventy-seven (57.5%) CD and 95 (54.0%) UC patients had received corticosteroids during study period. In CD, thrombocytosis [Hazard ratio (HR):3.0] predicted, whereas colonic CD (HR:0.3) negatively predicted corticosteroid dependency. Stricturing phenotype (HR:4.5) predicted corticosteroid-refractory CD. For UC, thrombocytosis (HR:3.9) and extensive colitis (HR:1.7) predicted corticosteroid dependency. Presence of anaemia (HR:10.8) at diagnosis and initial requirement of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) (HR:18.8) predicted corticosteroid-refractory UC. The cumulative risks of surgery were 17.8% and 5.4% for CD and UC patients respectively at 1 year after starting corticosteroids. CONCLUSIONS Thrombocytosis at diagnosis predicted corticosteroid-dependency in IBD. Stricturing phenotype of CD and the presence of anaemia in UC predicted subsequent course of corticosteroid refractoriness.
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147
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Choi G, Hur G, Kim J, Kim J, Sung J, Palikhe N, Jeon I, Ye Y, Park H. Vit. D Binding Protein As A Diagnostic Marker For Isocyanate-induced Occupational Asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2008.12.1034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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148
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Hong Y, Sung J, Erm K, Park K, Lee K. 10. Effects of recording electrode sites for facial neurography in acute bell’s palsy. Clin Neurophysiol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2008.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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149
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Ying J, Poon FF, Yu J, Geng H, Wong AHY, Qiu GH, Goh HK, Rha SY, Tian L, Chan ATC, Sung JJY, Tao Q. DLEC1 is a functional 3p22.3 tumour suppressor silenced by promoter CpG methylation in colon and gastric cancers. Br J Cancer 2009; 100:663-9. [PMID: 19156137 PMCID: PMC2653732 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6604888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Promoter CpG methylation of tumour suppressor genes (TSGs) is an epigenetic biomarker for TSG identification and molecular diagnosis. We screened genome wide for novel methylated genes through methylation subtraction of a genetic demethylation model of colon cancer (double knockout of DNMT1 and DNMT3B in HCT116) and identified DLEC1 (Deleted in lung and oesophageal cancer 1), a major 3p22.3 TSG, as one of the methylated targets. We further found that DLEC1 was downregulated or silenced in most colorectal and gastric cell lines due to promoter methylation, whereas broadly expressed in normal tissues including colon and stomach, and unmethylated in expressing cell lines and immortalised normal colon epithelial cells. DLEC1 expression was reactivated through pharmacologic or genetic demethylation, indicating a DNMT1/DNMT3B-mediated methylation silencing. Aberrant methylation was further detected in primary colorectal (10 out of 34, 29%) and gastric tumours (30 out of 89, 34%), but seldom in paired normal colon (0 out of 17) and gastric (1 out of 20, 5%) samples. No correlation between DLEC1 methylation and clinical parameters of gastric cancers was found. Ectopic expression of DLEC1 in silenced HCT116 and MKN45 cells strongly inhibited their clonogenicity. Thus, DLEC1 is a functional tumour suppressor, being frequently silenced by epigenetic mechanism in gastrointestinal tumours.
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150
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Cheng YY, Jin H, Liu X, Siu JMT, Wong YP, Ng EKO, Yu J, Leung WK, Sung JJY, Chan FKL. Fibulin 1 is downregulated through promoter hypermethylation in gastric cancer. Br J Cancer 2008; 99:2083-7. [PMID: 18985039 PMCID: PMC2607230 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6604760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumour suppressor genes (TSGs) were frequently inactivated through promoter hypermethylation in gastric carcinoma as well as pre-malignant gastric lesions, suggesting that promoter hypermethylation can be used as a marker to define novel TSGs and also biomarkers for early detection of gastric cancer. In an effort to search for such genes aberrantly methylated in gastric cancer development, fibulin 1 (FBLN1) was found as a candidate TSG epigenetically downregulated in gastric cancer. FBLN1 expression was downregulated in all of gastric cancer cell lines used (100%, 7 out of 7) and the primary gastric carcinoma tissues (84%, 86 out of 102) and significantly restored after pharmacological demethylation. Hypermethylation of the FBLN1 promoter was frequently (71%, 5 out of 7) detected in gastric cancer cell lines and primary gastric carcinoma tissues. Ectopic expression of FBLN1 led to the growth inhibition of gastric cancer cells through the induction of apoptosis. In summary, FBLN1 was identified as a novel candidate TSG epigenetically downregulated in gastric cancer.
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