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Khaladj N, Peterss S, Knobloch K, Winterhalter M, Wasielewski RV, Shrestha M, Lichtenberg A, Haverich A, Hagl C. Ischemic/reperfusion injury after hypothermic circulatory arrest: a new experimental model. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-967489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Shrestha M, Khaladj N, Zhang R, Maringka M, Martens A, Hagl C, Haverich A. Total arterial revascularization in patients with concomitant aortic valve stenosis. Is this strategy safe? Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-967630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Shrestha M, Maringka M, Zhang R, Akhyari P, Khaladj N, Hagl C, Weidemann J, Haverich A. Can the multi slice computertomography replace the conventional angiography for Follow-up evaluation of graft patency after total arterial myocardial revascularisation? Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-967639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Martens A, Hagl C, Khaladj N, Maringka M, Baraki H, Klima U, Strüber M, Haverich A, Shrestha M. Total arterial revascularisation (TAR) with radial artery T-grafts (RA-T) in patients with significant left main stem stenosis is not associated with higher perioperative risk. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-967385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Hagl C, Khaladj N, Meck S, Kallenbach K, Shrestha M, Winterhalter M, Haverich A, Karck M. Neuroprotection in aortic arch surgery: A risk factor analysis. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-967315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Khaladj N, Peterss S, Bachmann S, Hoeffler K, Shrestha M, Haverich A, Hagl C. Impact of different temperatures on carotid tension and cerebral blood flow during selective antegrade cerebral perfusion: An in vivo and in vitro study. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2007. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-967488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Kunwar CB, Chapagain RH, Subba B, Shrestha M, Jha B, Subedi J, Blangero J, Williams-Blangero S, Towne B. Occurrence of soil-transmitted helminths in women at the Himalayan region of Nepal. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2006; 4:444-447. [PMID: 18603951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To find the occurrence pattern and prevalence of the soil transmitted helminths in women of child bearing age group. METHODS AND MATERIALS The study was conducted in Jiri , an area of Dolakha district at the altitude of 2100 meter from sea level. The faecal sample of 478 women of childbearing age (15 to 45 years) were taken randomly and examined for the ova of soil transmitted helianthus. RESULT The occurrence pattern was 53.0%, 20.0% and 2.7% for Hookworms, Ascaries lumbricoids and Trichuris Trichuria respectively. Both Ascaries and Hookworm prevalence rates noticeably increased with increasing age, with the highest infection rate between the age of 36-45 years while trichuris infection reached the highest in women of 15-25 years of age. CONCLUSION There is a high prevalence of hookworm and ascaries in women of childbearing age and necessary intervention is needed according to WHO guidelines.
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Manandhar K, Bajracharya BL, Dhakal S, Shrestha M. Morbidity pattern of children with asthma: a prospective study. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2006; 4:324-328. [PMID: 18603927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the morbidity pattern of asthma in children attending the paediatric asthma follow-up clinic. MATERIALS AND METHODS Longitudinal prospective follow up of hundred and four patients, diagnosed as asthma, over a period of 2 years was done. Regular follow up by the same person during each visit and proper supervision of standard treatment along with parental education regarding the asthma, was done. RESULTS The mean age of children presenting with asthma was 6.7 years. Majority of children 49 (47.5%) were graded as mild persistent asthma. Fifty nine (56.7%) children were missing school more than 7 days per month. Family history was present in forty one percent of the children. Fifty seven (54.8%) children were taking significant amount of junk food and were undernourished. Significant reduction in school-missing days and Emergency Room visits was noted in these children during the follow up period. CONCLUSION Awareness of disease is an important aspect of asthma management. Proper treatment and follow up with emotional support and education of the care taker, about the asthma, can reduce the morbidity pattern of asthma in children.
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Shrestha M, Manandhar DS, Dhakal S, Nepal N. Two year audit of perinatal mortality at Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2006; 4:176-181. [PMID: 18603894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Perinatal mortality rate is a sensitive indicator of quality of care provided to women in pregnancy, at and after child birth and to the newborns in the first week of life. Regular perinatal audit would help in identifying all the factors that play a role in causing perinatal deaths and thus help in appropriate interventions to reduce avoidable perinatal deaths. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES This study was carried out to determine perinatal mortality rate (PMR) and the factors responsible for perinatal deaths at KMCTH in the two year period from November 2003 to October 2005 (Kartik 2060 B.S. to Ashoj 2062). METHODOLOGY This is a prospective study of all the still births and early neonatal deaths in KMCTH during the two year period from November 2003 to October 2005. Details of each perinatal death were filled in the standard perinatal death audit forms of the Department of Pediatrics, KMCTH. Perinatal deaths were analyzed according to maternal characteristics like maternal age, parity, type of delivery and fetal characteristics like sex, birth weight and gestational age and classify neonatal deaths according to Wigglesworth's classification and comparison made with earlier similar study. RESULTS Out of the 1517 total births in the two year period, 22 were still births (SB) and 10 were early neonatal deaths (ENND). Out of the 22 SB, two were of < 1 kg in weight and out of 10 ENND, one was of <1 kg. Thus, perinatal mortality rate during the study period was 19.1 and extended perinatal mortality rate was 21.1 per 1000 births. The important causes of perinatal deaths were extreme prematurity, birth asphyxia, congenital anomalies and associated maternal factors like antepartum hemorrhage and most babies were of very low birth weight. According to Wigglesworth's classification, 43.8% of perinatal deaths were in Group I, 12.5% in Group II, 28.1% in Group III, 12.5% in Group IV and 12.5% in Group V. DISCUSSION The perinatal death audit done in KMCTH for 1 year period from September 2002 to August 2003 showed perinatal mortality rate of 30.7 and extended perinatal mortality rate of 47.9 per 1000 births. There has been a significant reduction in the perinatal mortality rate in the last 2 years at KMCTH. Main reasons for improvement in perinatal mortality rate were improvement in care of both the mothers and the newborns and the number of births have also increased significantly in the last 2 years without appropriate increase in perinatal deaths. CONCLUSION Good and regular antenatal care, good care at the time of birth including appropriate and timely intervention and proper care of the sick neonates are important in reducing perinatal deaths. Prevention of preterm births, better care and monitoring during the intranatal period and intensive care of low birth weight babies would help in further reducing perinatal deaths. Key words: Perinatal mortality rate (PMR), still births, early neonatal death (ENND), Total perinatal death (PND).
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Khaladj N, Hagl C, Meyer-Brotnitz I, Kallenbach K, Knobloch K, Kamiya H, Shrestha M, Klima U, Haverich A, Karck M. Outcome and quality of life after treatment for acute type a aortic dissection: a single center experience. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-925830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Klima U, Shrestha M, Bara C, Kamiya H, Hagl C, Kofidis T, Haverich A. Quality controlled total arterial CABG with the left internal mammary and radial artery T-graft by Intraoperative angiography. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-925808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Kamiya H, Klima U, Hagl C, Logemann F, Winterhalter M, Shrestha M, Kallenbach K, Khaladj N, Haverich A, Karck M. Cerebral microembolization during antegrade selective cerebral perfusion. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-925839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Martens A, Klima U, Shrestha M, Kofidis T, Kamiya H, Baraki H, Maringka M, Haverich A. Early postoperative results after complete arterial revascularisation using the Left Internal Thoracic Artery (LITA) and a Radial Artery T-graft (RA-T). Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2006. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-925647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Peeper AS, Shrestha M, Oliva A. A representation of visual complexity of real world scenes. J Vis 2004. [DOI: 10.1167/4.8.875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Shrestha M, Singh R, Moreden J, Hayes JE. Ketorolac vs chlorpromazine in the treatment of acute migraine without aura. A prospective, randomized, double-blind trial. ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 1996; 156:1725-8. [PMID: 8694672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many treatments for acute migraine exist. Chlorpromazine is effective but has serious side effects. Ketorolac has only rare side effects. OBJECTIVE To compare intramuscular ketorolac troinethamine with intravenous chlorpromazine hydrochloride in treating acute migraine. METHODS We performed a prospective, randomized, double-blind trial comparing the clinical effectiveness of 60 mg of intramuscular ketorolac tromethamine with 25 mg of intravenous chlorpromazine hydrochloride in patients with acute migraine headache seen in the emergency department. Pain intensity, quantitated using the Wong-Baker Faces Rating Scale, was measured every 30 minutes for 2 hours in the emergency department. Patients returned pain scores at 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours by mail. RESULTS Fifteen patients were entered into each treatment arm. No differences were seen between the mean pain scores or the mean change in pain scores. The ketorolac group mean (+/- SEM) pain score decreased from 4.07 +/- 0.18 to 0.73 +/- 0.3 in 2 hours. The chlorpromazine group pain score decreased from 4.47 +/- 0.17 to 0.87 +/- 0.4. Two of the 3 nonresponders responded to the alternate group's treatment. No side effects were seen. CONCLUSIONS Using 60 mg of intramuscular ketorolac tromethamine is as effective as 25 mg of intravenous chlorpromazine hydrochloride in the treatment of acute migraine headache. Patients who do not respond to one of these medications may respond to the other.
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Shrestha M. Ketorolac vs chlorpromazine in the treatment of acute migraine without aura. A prospective, randomized, double-blind trial. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1001/archinte.156.15.1725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Shrestha M, Parupia H, Andrews B, Kim SW, Martin MS, Park DI, Gee E. Metered-dose inhaler technique of patients in an urban ED: prevalence of incorrect technique and attempt at education. Am J Emerg Med 1996; 14:380-4. [PMID: 8768160 DOI: 10.1016/s0735-6757(96)90054-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The metered-dose inhaler (MDI) techniques of 125 asthma patients who presented to a county hospital emergency department (ED) were evaluated. Correct technique was divided into 7 steps. Twenty-one percent of the patients performed all 7 steps correctly. Mean number of steps +/- SD performed correctly was 4.8 +/- 1.7. Verbal individualized instruction was used to improve the technique of patients whose technique was less than perfect. The instruction required a mean +/- SD of 8.3 +/- 5.8 minutes (range, 0 to 30) for all 7 steps to be done correctly at least once. All patients were able to perform all steps correctly after instruction. The amount of time required for teaching was proportional to the number of steps performed incorrectly. The Vitalograph Aerosol Inhalation Monitor was used to verify correct patient technique and as a teaching aid with variable success. Education in proper use of the MDI is important in the overall care of the asthma patient; however, instruction requires a definite time commitment and may not be feasible for all patients in a busy ED. For some patients, alternatives that require less lengthy instruction, such as the use of breath-actuated devices, spacers, and reservoirs, may be required.
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Shrestha M, Bidadi K, Gourlay S, Hayes J. Continuous vs intermittent albuterol, at high and low doses, in the treatment of severe acute asthma in adults. Chest 1996; 110:42-7. [PMID: 8681661 DOI: 10.1378/chest.110.1.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult patients suffering from acute asthma presenting to the Emergency Department with an FEV1 of less than 40% of predicted were randomized into four treatment groups. They were treated with nebulized albuterol at a high (7.5 mg) or standard (2.5 mg) dose given either continuously through 1 h, or intermittently every hour, for 2 h. When the FEV1 improvements for the different groups at 2 h were compared, the groups treated with continuous nebulization had the greatest improvement. The improvements (1.07 L for the high-dose group, and 1.02 L for the standard-dose group) were significantly greater than the improvement seen with standard-dose intermittent treatment (0.72 L; p < 0.05). The improvement in FEV1 of the high-dose, hourly treated group was intermediate in magnitude between these (0.09 L). There was no difference in the improvement seen between the two groups treated with continuous nebulization. The potassium fall, present in all groups, was more pronounced in the groups treated with high doses of albuterol. Only one person (high dose, continuous treatment group) developed hypokalemia of less than 3.0 mmol/L. The high-dose hourly treated group had the highest incidence of side effects, and the standard-dose continuously treated group had the lowest. The standard-dose continuous-treatment regimen had the greatest improvement in FEV1 with the least number of side effects.
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Shrestha M, George J, Chiu MJ, Erdman WA, Hayes JE. A comparison of three gastric lavage methods using the radionuclide gastric emptying study. J Emerg Med 1996; 14:413-8. [PMID: 8842912 DOI: 10.1016/0736-4679(96)00077-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
To determine the percentage of liquid gastric contents experimentally removable by available orogastric lavage systems, five healthy young volunteers were asked to ingest 1 mCi of liquid technicium-99m diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Tc99m-DTPA) mixed with 50 ml tap water. Five minutes afterwards, the radionuclide was lavaged using one of three different techniques-a single syringe method, a closed gravity drainage system, and a closed double syringe method--while continuous radioisotope camera images were taken. Control images, with no lavage performed, were also taken. All of the orogastric lavage methods removed a mean of between 80% and 85% of the stomach contents. The double syringe method was the quickest, while the single syringe method was least tolerated. When compared with control, none of the lavage techniques pushed gastric contents into the duodenum. Thus, in terms of amount of liquid gastric contents removed, there was no one method that removed more than the others. Caution should be exercised in assuming that 80-85% of a liquid gastric ingestion can be removed by lavage in the uncontrolled clinical setting. The use of any orogastric lavage for ingestion evacuation should be undertaken knowing that it is a morbid procedure and usually not necessary.
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Shrestha M, Gourlay S, Robertson S, Bidadi K, Wainscott M, Hayes J. Isoetharine versus albuterol for acute asthma: greater immediate effect, but more side effects. Am J Med 1996; 100:323-7. [PMID: 8629678 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9343(97)89491-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the magnitudes of the immediate effects of the nebulized beta-agonists isoetharine and albuterol in the treatment of acute severe asthma. PATIENTS AND METHODS Fifty-one adults presenting with severe asthma exacerbations (forced expiratory volumes in the first second of exhalation [FEV1] <40% of predicted) to the emergency department were randomized (double-blind) to receive hourly inhaled nebulization treatment with either isoetharine (5 mg) or albuterol (2.5 mg). The FEV1 was measured immediately before and after each nebulized treatment. Any side effects were recorded. RESULTS Immediately after the first nebulized treatment, the isoetharine group improved its mean FEV1 (+/-SEM) by a significantly greater amount than did the albuterol group: 60% +/- 11% versus 39% +/- 5%, respectively (P <0.05). One hour later the mean FEV1 were equivalent. This pattern repeated itself after the second hourly treatment. The two groups did not differ in any outcome parameters (FEV1 at discharge, number of nebulized treatments required, the number of inpatient admissions, number of clinical relapses after discharge). More patients treated with isoetharine had side effects (36% versus 4% for albuterol, P <0.01), 1 of whom required discontinuation from the study. CONCLUSIONS Both medications were equally effective in alleviating bronchospasm. The immediate effect of isoetharine was significantly greater, but equalized that of albuterol within an hour after treatment. There were more side effects with isoetharine.
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Shrestha M, Morgan DL, Moreden JM, Singh R, Nelson M, Hayes JE. Randomized double-blind comparison of the analgesic efficacy of intramuscular ketorolac and oral indomethacin in the treatment of acute gouty arthritis. Ann Emerg Med 1995; 26:682-6. [PMID: 7492036 DOI: 10.1016/s0196-0644(95)70037-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE To compare the analgesic effect of IM ketorolac tromethamine with that of oral indomethacin in the treatment of acute gouty arthritis. DESIGN Prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled, parallel group clinical trial. SETTING Two urban emergency departments. PARTICIPANTS Twenty consecutive patients who presented to the ED with acute gout. INTERVENTIONS Each patient was randomly assigned to receive in the ED (1) 60 mg of IM ketorolac and oral placebo or (2) 50 mg of oral indomethacin and IM placebo. The patients rated the intensity of their pain on a Wong-Baker pain scale (which runs from 0 to 5) before treatment and 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after treatment. All the patients were discharged with instructions to take oral indomethacin and to complete pain score cards at home at 6, 12, and 24 hours. RESULTS The 10 patients in each group were similar with regard to age, sex, race, and initial mean pain score. After 2 hours, the mean pain scores (+/- SD) for the ketorolac group had decreased from 4.5 +/- .71 to 1.4 +/- 1.43 (P < .05), and the mean score for the indomethacin group had decreased from 4.4 +/- .70 to 1.5 +/- 1.18 (P < .05). The difference between the two groups was not significant. At 6 hours, there was some pain rebound in the ketorolac group. CONCLUSION IM ketorolac and oral indomethacin are similar in the relief of the pain of acute gouty arthritis in the ED.
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Shrestha M, Hurst C, Farr G, Amatya R, Tucker B, Mcmaham J. A comparative study of the TCu 380A versus TCu 200 IUDs in Nepal. ASIA-PACIFIC POPULATION JOURNAL 1995; 10:15-26. [PMID: 12319865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
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Fagbami AH, Mataika JU, Shrestha M, Gubler DJ. Dengue type 1 epidemic with haemorrhagic manifestations in Fiji, 1989-90. Bull World Health Organ 1995; 73:291-7. [PMID: 7614660 PMCID: PMC2486670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A dengue type 1 epidemic occurred in Fiji between July 1989 and July 1990. Virus isolation in C6/36 cell cultures and Toxorhynchites mosquitos yielded 36 strains. Of the 3686 cases recorded by the Ministry of Health, 60% involved indigenous Fijians and 37%, Indians. A house-to-house survey revealed that a large majority of patients had classical dengue symptoms and 8% reported haemorrhagic manifestations. Among the children and adults hospitalized for dengue, 43% had haemorrhagic manifestations, including epistaxis, gingival bleeding, haematemesis, melaena and haematuria. A total of 15 patients with haemorrhagic manifestations and/or shock died, 10 of whom were aged 0-15 years; the diagnoses were confirmed in four cases by virus isolation or serology.
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Shrestha M, Chiu MJ, Martin RL, Cush JJ, Wainscott MS. Treatment of acute gouty arthritis with intramuscular ketorolac tromethamine. Am J Emerg Med 1994; 12:454-5. [PMID: 8031433 DOI: 10.1016/0735-6757(94)90061-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Nine consecutive patients presenting with acute gouty arthritis were treated with ketorolac 60 mg intramuscularly (IM). The average age was 58. Seven were male, and six were black. Pain was quantified in 6 of the patients using a 10-cm visual analog scale that the patients completed before and 30, 60, and 90 minutes after ketorolac administration. The mean pain score (+/- standard error of the mean) dropped from 6.43 (+/- 1.25), out of a possible 10, to 1.01 (+/- 35) (P < .01). There were no side effects of the medication. All of the patients were able to leave the treatment area satisfied with their treatment. None of the patients required crutches at discharge.
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Shrestha M, Chandra V, Singh P. Severe iron deficiency anaemia in Fiji children. THE NEW ZEALAND MEDICAL JOURNAL 1994; 107:130-2. [PMID: 8145960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
AIMS A prospective study to determine the magnitude of the problem of severe iron deficiency anaemia in Fiji children with intercurrent illnesses and their response to the interventions with dietary modifications and iron therapy. METHODS A total of 2136 consecutive children between 6 months and 12 years of age, who attended a hospital and a health centre in Fiji, for intercurrent illness, during a 9 months period, were screened for severe iron deficiency anaemia (haemoglobin < 70 g/L). RESULTS Eighty children (3.7%) had severe iron deficiency anaemia. Majority (75%) of children with severe anaemia were younger than 2 years. Dietary and iron therapy were successful in correcting anaemia in all 80 children. CONCLUSIONS Severe iron deficiency anaemia was common in Fiji children seeking medical attention for intercurrent illness. Simple therapeutic measures, which included dietary advice and iron therapy, were successful in correcting this severe debility in those children.
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