[Removal of incarcerated intrauterine devices by combined methods]

Incarcerated IUDs are difficult to manage. Through clinical analysis of 41 cases with incarcerated IUDs, the value of X-ray, ultrasonographic and hysteroscopic examinations in combined use was assessed, especially in locating and describing the concrete shape of the incarcerated IUD before and during the removal operations. With the aid of these diagnostic methods 39 IUDs (95.12%) were removed through the vaginal route, while the remaining 2 (4.88%) were taken out by laparotomy, one had hyperplasia of the endometrium accompanied by retained broken pieces of the IUD, the other had uterine anomaly (uterus didelphys) with an incarcerated IUD. 40 out of the 41 IUDs were stainless steel rings, and only 1 was a Cu V IUD. The advantages and drawbacks of the three above-mentioned diagnostic were discussed as well as the effect of use. The different method of IUD removal were described.

Fibromyoma of the vagina

Fibromyoma of the vagina is a rare condition. The earliest reference contributed to such a tumor is attributed to Deneys De Leyden in 1733, although Phillips gives the distinction to Jacobs Denys in 1773. In 1882, Kleinwaechter published an authoritative review of 53 cases. Scheffrey and Farell collected 163 cases in 1934. Bennet and Ehrlich estimated in 1941 that approximately 200 cases had been reported and added another 9 cases of their own. Since then there had been only case reports, until 1965 Kettle described another six cases. In the Chinese literature five cases were collected since 1949. At Gu-Lou (Drum Tower Hospital) another 11 cases were seen which will be reported below. The estimated number of this tumor will probably not exceed 250 cases.

[Is rotation in vacuum extraction possible?]

Vacuum extraction is a traction instrument and hardly suitable for accomplishing rotation. This assumption is disproved by means of two new suction cups that are being used in China. These suction cups and their use are described together with the relevant indication.