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Wilson ML, Kahlenberg SM, Wells M, Wrangham RW. Ecological and social factors affect the occurrence and outcomes of intergroup encounters in chimpanzees. Anim Behav 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2011.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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127
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Wells M. Editorial. Histopathology 2011; 59:1033. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2011.04114.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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128
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Pickert A, Hughes M, Wells M. Chloracne-like drug eruption associated with sorafenib. J Drugs Dermatol 2011; 10:1331-1334. [PMID: 22052319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Sorafenib is a chemotherapeutic agent primarily used to treat metastatic renal cell carcinoma. It is a multikinase inhibitor that blocks cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Numerous cutaneous side effects have been reported in association with this medication, including acral erythema, inflammation of actinic keratoses, erythema multiforme, vasculitis, and keratoacanthomas. Up to 40 percent of patients on this medication develop dermatologic manifestations. We describe chloracne-like eruptions in two different patients with no exposure to aromatic hydrocarbons but who were recently started on sorafenib for treatment of metastatic renal carcinoma. The primary reason for discontinuation of sorafenib is secondary to its adverse side effect profile. Recognizing these effects early and administering appropriate treatment will likely increase medication compliance and minimize both dose reductions and discontinuation of the medication resulting in optimal treatment outcomes.
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Wells M. Roger Cotton Histopathology Prize 2010. Histopathology 2011; 59:165. [PMID: 21884195 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2011.03969.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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130
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Fenlon D, Faithfull S, Greenfield D, Knowles G, Robb K, Roberts K, Taylor G, Wells M, White I, Wiseman T. 3052 POSTER Ten Top Tips for Cancer Survivorship: a Prompt for Cancer Patients at the End of Their Primary Treatment. Eur J Cancer 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(11)71125-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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131
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Kamei H, Ding Y, Kajimura S, Wells M, Chiang P, Duan C. Role of IGF signaling in catch-up growth and accelerated temporal development in zebrafish embryos in response to oxygen availability. Development 2011; 138:777-86. [DOI: 10.1242/dev.056853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Animals respond to adverse environments by slowing down or arresting growth and development. Upon returning to normal conditions, they often show compensatory acceleration in growth and developmental rate. This phenomenon, known as `catch-up' growth, is widely documented in the animal kingdom. The underlying molecular mechanisms, however, are poorly understood. Using the zebrafish embryo as an experimental model system, we tested the hypothesis that changes in IGF signaling activities play an important role in the accelerated growth and temporal development resulting from re-oxygenation following hypoxia. We show that chronic hypoxia reduced, and re-oxygenation accelerated, embryonic growth and developmental rate. Whereas hypoxia repressed the Igf1 receptor and its downstream Erk1/2 and Akt signaling activities, re-oxygenation restored their activities. Specific inhibition of Igf1 receptor signaling during re-oxygenation by genetic and pharmacological approaches attenuated catch-up growth. Further analysis showed that whereas PI3K-Akt is required in both normal and catch-up growth, Mek1/2-Erk1/2 activation induced by elevated IGF signaling during re-oxygenation is particularly crucial for catch-up growth. These results suggest that the evolutionarily conserved IGF signaling pathway coordinates growth and temporal development in zebrafish embryos in response to oxygen availability.
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Duffy S, Jackson TL, Lansdown M, Philips K, Wells M, Clack G, Bianco AR. The ATAC adjuvant breast-cancer trial: six-year results of the endometrial subprotocol. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2011; 30:596-604. [PMID: 20701510 DOI: 10.3109/01443615.2010.492433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Postmenopausal women with localised, early breast cancer (n = 285) were enrolled in a prospective subprotocol of the 'arimidex, tamoxifen, alone or in combination' (ATAC) trial to assess gynaecological abnormalities arising during treatment with anastrozole (1 mg/day) or tamoxifen (20 mg/day). After 6 years' follow-up, there appeared to be non-significantly fewer endometrial abnormalities with anastrozole than with tamoxifen (12.4% vs 20.2%, odds ratio 0.52; 95% confidence intervals 0.20, 1.32; p = 0.17). The time to first endometrial abnormality was non-significantly longer for patients receiving anastrozole compared with tamoxifen (hazard ratio 0.57; 95% confidence intervals 0.26, 1.22; p = 0.15), with most abnormalities occurring within the first year of treatment. Fewer patients treated with anastrozole appeared to require medical intervention for endometrial abnormalities, compared with patients on tamoxifen. This study showed that there was no significant difference in endometrial pathology between anastrozole and tamoxifen treatment groups.
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Ozakinci G, Wells M, Williams B, Munro A, Donnelly P. Cancer diagnosis: An opportune time to help patients and their families stop smoking? Public Health 2010; 124:479-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2010.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2009] [Revised: 03/04/2010] [Accepted: 04/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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134
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Wells M. Roger Cotton Histopathologyprize 2009. Histopathology 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2010.03541.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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135
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Wells M, Thomson J. A33 Loneliness in patients living with head and neck cancer: a cross-sectional study. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1462-3889(10)70044-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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136
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Izzo A, Wells M, Huang Z, Tibbetts E. Cuticular hydrocarbons correlate with fertility, not dominance, in a paper wasp, Polistes dominulus. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-010-0902-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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137
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Wells M, Anderson A, Caswell S, Craig K, Connaghan J, MacAskill S, Steele R. 4155 Using the Patient Generated Index (PGI) to elicit quality of life priorities in patients following curative treatment for colorectal cancer: experience from two lifestyle intervention development studies. EJC Suppl 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6349(09)70794-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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138
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Cridge TJ, Horowitz KM, Marinucci MN, Rose KM, Wells M, Werner MT, Kurt RA. Functional and Molecular Alterations in T Cells Induced by CCL5. Immunol Invest 2009; 35:115-32. [PMID: 16531333 DOI: 10.1080/08820130500514365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
To delineate whether, and the extent to which, CCL5 could impact T cell function we examined cytokine production and proliferative ability following CCL5 treatment in vitro. We report a decreased ability of splenic T cells to produce IFN-? and TNF-a as well as proliferate in response to crosslinking with antibody to CD3 after 72, but not 24 hours of CCL5 exposure. To identify a mechanism by which CCL5 modulated T cell function, we examined T cell receptor translocation and lipid raft clustering. After exposure to CCL5, T cells were less efficient at translocating the TCR and clustering lipid rafts. Since TCR translocation and lipid raft clustering are required for creation of an immunological synapse, these data suggest that extended exposure to CCL5 may impact T cell effector function by modulating the ability to create a functional immunological synapse.
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Schmid P, Nagai Y, Agarwal R, Hancock B, Savage PM, Sebire NJ, Lindsay I, Wells M, Fisher RA, Short D, Newlands ES, Wischnewsky MB, Seckl MJ. Prognostic markers and long-term outcome of placental-site trophoblastic tumours: a retrospective observational study. Lancet 2009; 374:48-55. [PMID: 19552948 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(09)60618-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Placental-site trophoblastic tumours are a rare form of gestational trophoblastic disease and consequently information about optimum management or prognostic factors is restricted. We aimed to assess the long-term outcome of stage-adapted management by surgery, chemotherapy, or both for patients with the disorder. METHODS 35 550 women were registered with gestational trophoblastic disease in the UK (1976-2006), of whom 62 were diagnosed with placental-site trophoblastic tumours and included, retrospectively, in the study. Patients were treated by surgery, chemotherapy, or both. We estimated the probabilities of overall survival and survival without recurrence of disease 5 and 10 years after the date of first treatment, and calculated the association of these endpoints with prognostic factors, including time since antecedent pregnancy, serum concentration of beta-human chorionic gonadotropin, and stage of disease, with both univariate and multivariate analyses. FINDINGS Probabilities of overall and recurrence-free survival 10 years after first treatment were 70% (95% CI 54-82) and 73% (54-85), respectively. Patients with stage I disease had a 10-year probability of overall survival of 90% (77-100) and did not benefit from postoperative chemotherapy. By contrast, patients with stage II, III, and IV disease required combined treatment with surgery and chemotherapy; probability of overall survival at 10 years was 52% (3-100) for patients with stage II disease and 49% (26-72) for stage III or IV disease. Outcome for patients who had recurrent or refractory disease was poor: only four (22%) patients achieved long-term survival beyond 60 months. Multivariate analysis showed that the only significant independent predictor of overall and recurrence-free survival was time since antecedent pregnancy. A cutoff point of 48 months since antecedent pregnancy could differentiate between patients' probability of survival (<48 months) or death (>/=48 months) with 93% specificity and 100% sensitivity, and with a positive predictive value of 100% and a negative predictive value of 98%. INTERPRETATION Stage-adapted management with surgery for stage I disease, and combined surgery and chemotherapy for stage II, III, and IV disease could improve the effectiveness of treatment for placental-site trophoblastic tumours. Use of 48 months since antecedent pregnancy as a prognostic indicator of survival could help select patients for risk-adapted treatment. FUNDING National Commissioning Group.
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Gray C, Wells M, Kingston R. Tubal pregnancy associated with a papillary serous neoplasm arising in a parovarian cyst. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2009. [DOI: 10.3109/01443618309071233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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141
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O'donovan PJ, Thornton JG, Wells M, Peel KR. Para-aortic lymph node biopsy before radical hysterectomy in early carcinoma of the cervix. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2009. [DOI: 10.3109/01443619009151207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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142
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Thornton JG, Lewis FA, Linton G, Wells M, Tyrrell S, Lilford RJ. Fetal sexing by chorionic villus biopsy andin situDNA hybridisation with a Y probe and biotin-streptavidin-polyalkaline phosphatase labelling. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2009. [DOI: 10.3109/01443618909151081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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143
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Wells M. Roger Cotton Histopathology prize 2008. Histopathology 2009; 54:515. [PMID: 19413634 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2009.03293.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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144
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Fowler CJ, Panicker JN, Drake M, Harris C, Harrison SCW, Kirby M, Lucas M, Macleod N, Mangnall J, North A, Porter B, Reid S, Russell N, Watkiss K, Wells M. A UK consensus on the management of the bladder in multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2009; 85:552-9. [PMID: 19372287 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2008.159178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Bladder symptoms in multiple sclerosis (MS) are common and distressing but also highly amenable to treatment. A meeting of stakeholders involved in patients' continence care, including neurologists, urologists, primary care, MS nurses and nursing groups was recently convened to formulate a UK consensus for management. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) criteria were used for producing recommendations based on a review of the literature and expert opinion. It was agreed that in the majority of cases, successful management could be based on a simple algorithm which includes using reagent sticks to test for urine infection and measurement of the post micturition residual urine volume. This is in contrast with published guidelines from other countries which recommend cystometry. Throughout the course of their disease, patients should be offered appropriate management options for treatment of incontinence, the mainstay of which is antimuscarinic medications, in combination, if necessary, with clean intermittent self-catheterisation. The evidence for other measures, including physiotherapy, alternative strategies aimed at improving bladder emptying, other medications and detrusor injections of botulinum toxin A was reviewed. The management of urinary tract infections as well as the bladder problems as part of severe disability were discussed and recommendations agreed.
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Wells M. Editorial. Histopathology 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2009.03219.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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146
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Bruijns SR, Engelbrecht D, Lubinga W, Wells M, Wallis LA. Penetrating the acoustic shadows: emergency ultrasound in South African emergency departments. S Afr Med J 2008; 98:932-934. [PMID: 19374066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
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147
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Wells M. Roger Cotton Histopathology prize 2007. Histopathology 2008; 53:373. [PMID: 18983605 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2008.03162.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Torres-Rendon A, Stewart R, Craig GT, Wells M, Speight PM. DNA ploidy analysis by image cytometry helps to identify oral epithelial dysplasias with a high risk of malignant progression. Oral Oncol 2008; 45:468-73. [PMID: 18805043 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2008.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2008] [Revised: 07/15/2008] [Accepted: 07/16/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal DNA content (aneuploidy) has been associated with malignant and premalignant epithelial lesions. The presence of aneuploidy in tumours at an early stage and in dysplastic lesions suggests that analysis of DNA content may be a useful marker for determination of prognosis in these lesions. The aim of this study was to use DNA image cytometry to evaluate aneuploidy in oral dysplastic lesions and to determine whether aneuploidy is associated with malignant progression. Forty-two lesions of oral epithelial dysplasias (OED) that had progressed to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and 44 lesions that did not progress were analysed for DNA ploidy using image cytometry of nuclear monolayers prepared from paraffin-embedded tissue. Forty-two OSCC that had arisen from the OED cases and five samples of normal oral mucosa samples (NOM) were also examined. Aneuploidy was found in 14/42 (33.3%) of the OED that progressed, but in only 5/44 (11.3%) of OED that did not progress (p=0.01). A total of 19 OED were aneuploid of which 74% showed malignant progression compared to only 42% of the diploid lesions. The sensitivity and specificity of DNA image cytometry to detect cases with high risk of malignant progression was 0.33 and 0.88, respectively. The PPV and NPV were 0.74 and 0.58. We conclude that aneuploid oral dysplastic lesions have a high risk of malignant progression and that DNA image cytometry might help to identify those lesions most at risk.
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Palmer JE, Macdonald M, Wells M, Hancock BW, Tidy JA. Epithelioid trophoblastic tumor: a review of the literature. THE JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE 2008; 53:465-475. [PMID: 18720920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify common characteristics and provide suggestions for future reporting and management of epithelioid trophoblastic tumors (ETTs). STUDY DESIGN Definitions and treatment strategies are unclear because of low incidence and paucity of reported data. Literature search revealed 52 cases of ETT; 67% presented with abnormal vaginal bleeding, 36% had prior evidence of molar pregnancy and 35% presented with metastases. Mean age at diagnosis was 38 years. Mean pregnancy interval was 76 months. Human chorionic gonadotropin levels were 12-148,460 IU/L. RESULTS Histologic and immunohistochemical reporting varied markedly between centers, as did treatment regimens. A total of 13% were reported as dead from disease, though duration of follow-up was variable (range, 1-39 months). Differentiation of prognostic factors in ETT is problematic. Most reported cases lack long-term follow-up, and disease recurrence in ETT can be late and complex. Distinguishing ETT from other diagnoses may lead to underreporting, with an adverse prognosis associated with diagnostic delay. CONCLUSION Case reporting should contain detailed information on clinicopathologic, histologic and immunohistochemical characteristics and treatment. Data centralization in these rare tumors may be beneficial in identifying relevant prognostic parameters.
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150
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Arulkumaran S, Wells M, Boddington R. Lessons learnt from the reorganization of maternity services. Br J Hosp Med (Lond) 2008; 69:74-7. [DOI: 10.12968/hmed.2008.69.2.28349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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