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Yin X, Yao Y, Wu MC, Zhu TD, Zeng Y, Pang QF. A unique disulfide bridge of the thermophilic xylanase SyXyn11 plays a key role in its thermostability. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2015; 79:531-7. [PMID: 25100011 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297914060066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Based on the hyperthermostable family 11 xylanase (EvXyn11(TS)) gene sequence (EU591743), the gene Syxyn11 encoding a thermophilic xylanase SyXyn11 was synthesized with synonymous codons biasing towards Pichia pastoris. The homology alignment of primary structures among family 11 xylanases revealed that, at their N-termini, only SyXyn11 contains a disulfide bridge (Cys5-Cys32). This to some extent implied the significance of the disulfide bridge of SyXyn11 to its thermostability. To confirm the correlation between the N-terminal disulfide bridge and thermostability, a SyXyn11(C5T)-encoding gene, Syxyn11(C5T), was constructed by mutating the Cys5 codon of Syxyn11 to Thr5. Then, the genes for the recombinant xylanases, reSyXyn11 and reSyXyn11(C5T), were expressed in P. pastoris GS115, yielding xylanase activity of about 35 U per ml cell culture. Both xylanases were purified to homogeneity with specific activities of 363 and 344 U/mg, respectively. The temperature optimum and stability of reSyXyn11(C5T) decreased to 70 and 50°C from 85 and 80°C of reSyXyn11, respectively. There was no obvious change in pH characteristics.
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Cha JY, Pereira MD, Smith AA, Houschyar KS, Yin X, Mouraret S, Brunski JB, Helms JA. Multiscale analyses of the bone-implant interface. J Dent Res 2015; 94:482-90. [PMID: 25628271 DOI: 10.1177/0022034514566029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Implants placed with high insertion torque (IT) typically exhibit primary stability, which enables early loading. Whether high IT has a negative impact on peri-implant bone health, however, remains to be determined. The purpose of this study was to ascertain how peri-implant bone responds to strains and stresses created when implants are placed with low and high IT. Titanium micro-implants were inserted into murine femurs with low and high IT using torque values that were scaled to approximate those used to place clinically sized implants. Torque created in peri-implant tissues a distribution and magnitude of strains, which were calculated through finite element modeling. Stiffness tests quantified primary and secondary implant stability. At multiple time points, molecular, cellular, and histomorphometric analyses were performed to quantitatively determine the effect of high and low strains on apoptosis, mineralization, resorption, and collagen matrix deposition in peri-implant bone. Preparation of an osteotomy results in a narrow zone of dead and dying osteocytes in peri-implant bone that is not significantly enlarged in response to implants placed with low IT. Placing implants with high IT more than doubles this zone of dead and dying osteocytes. As a result, peri-implant bone develops micro-fractures, bone resorption is increased, and bone formation is decreased. Using high IT to place an implant creates high interfacial stress and strain that are associated with damage to peri-implant bone and therefore should be avoided to best preserve the viability of this tissue.
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Chen HT, Verbist J, Verheyen P, De Heyn P, Lepage G, De Coster J, Absil P, Yin X, Bauwelinck J, Van Campenhout J, Roelkens G. High sensitivity 10Gb/s Si photonic receiver based on a low-voltage waveguide-coupled Ge avalanche photodetector. OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 23:815-822. [PMID: 25835841 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.000815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate low-voltage germanium waveguide avalanche photodetectors (APDs) with a gain × bandwidth product above 100GHz. A photonic receiver based on such a Ge APD, including a 0.13μm SiGe BiCMOS low-noise trans-impedance amplifier and a limiting amplifier, is realized. A 5.8dB sensitivity improvement is demonstrated at -5.9V bias at an avalanche gain of 6 through bit error ratio measurements. The absolute sensitivity in avalanche mode is -23.4dBm and -24.4dBm at a bit error ratio of 1 × 10(-12) and 1 × 10(-9) respectively.
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Zhao Z, He J, Wu T, Sun R, Huang Y, Wang Z, Yin X, Zhu Z. Transradial arterial chemoembolization reduces complications and costs in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Indian J Cancer 2015; 52 Suppl 2:e107-11. [DOI: 10.4103/0019-509x.172505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Yang L, Yang J, Zhang T, Weng C, Hong F, Tong F, Yang R, Yin X, Yu P, Huang X, Qi M. Identification of eight novel mutations and transcript analysis of two splicing mutations in Chinese newborns with MCC deficiency. Clin Genet 2014; 88:484-8. [PMID: 25382614 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Yin X, Barallobre-Barreiro J, de Waard V, Viner R, Fava M, Skroblin P, Bern M, Mulder B, Mayr M. Glycoproteomic analysis of aortas from patients with Marfan syndrome. Atherosclerosis 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.10.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Chen N, Lv J, Bo L, Li N, Wu C, Yin X, Li J, Tao J, Chen J, He Y, Huang S, Xiao J, Mao C, Xu Z. Muscarinic-mediated vasoconstriction in human, rat and sheep umbilical cords and related vasoconstriction mechanisms. BJOG 2014; 122:1630-9. [PMID: 25403992 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.13144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The umbilical cord provides nutrition and oxygen to the fetus. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of acetylcholine (ACh) on umbilical cords from humans and other mammals, and the mechanisms of ACh-mediated vasoconstriction in the human umbilical cord. DESIGN Human and animal umbilical cords used in vascular and cellular experiments. SETTING Institute for Fetology, First Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China. POPULATION A total of 85 pregnant women, 16 Sprague Dawley rats and seven pregnant sheep. METHODS Umbilical cord veins and arteries from humans, rats and sheep, aortas and mesenteric arteries from rats, and mesenteric, carotid and femoral arteries from ovine fetuses were used to compare vascular functions in response to ACh and to determine the mechanisms of ACh-mediated umbilical vasoconstriction. Vascular tension and ion channel currents were measured on isolated vessels and smooth muscle cells from human umbilical cords. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Provision of new evidence to conclude that ACh-stimulated vasoconstriction is common to all umbilical cords, and cellular mechanisms are linked to potassium channels. RESULTS ACh caused reliable vasoconstriction in umbilical veins/arteries in humans, rats and sheep, but not in any other vessels, including fetal vessels. Atropine inhibited the effects of ACh. The mRNA of ACh-muscarinic receptor subtypes M1 -M5 was expressed in human umbilical vessels. The protein kinase C antagonist GF109203X and the calcium inhibitor nifedipine decreased ACh-induced vasoconstriction in human umbilical vessels. ACh also caused a reduction in whole-cell potassium channel currents and the single-channel current of large-conductance calcium-activated potassium (BKca) channels. CONCLUSION Umbilical vessels are significantly different from other vessels in their response to ACh. BKca channels in smooth muscle cells may play important roles in ACh-mediated vasoconstriction in human umbilical cords. This information may be important for fetal medicine and practice with regard to the effect on fetal development of umbilical vascular functions.
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Guo F, Yin X, Pammer F, Cheng F, Fernandez D, Lalancette RA, Jäkle F. Regioregular Organoborane-Functionalized Poly(3-alkynylthiophene)s. Macromolecules 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ma501969q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Hodgson D, Mason H, Oplustilova L, Harbron C, Yin X, Im S, Jones H, Zhongwu L, Dougherty B, McLoughlin M, Dickinson A, Fielding A, Robertson J, Kim W, Womack C, Gu Y, Bang Y, Lau A, Barrett J, O'Connor M. 8LBA Activity of the PARP inhibitor olaparib in ATM-deficient gastric cancer: from preclinical models to the clinic. Eur J Cancer 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(14)70729-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Cao S, Ni B, Feng L, Yin X, Dou H, Fu J, Lin L, Ni J. Simultaneous Determination of Typhaneoside and Isorhamnetin-3-O-Neohesperidoside in Rats After Oral Administration of Pollen Typhae Extract by UPLC-MS/MS. J Chromatogr Sci 2014; 53:866-71. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmu132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Li S, Zhang M, Tian H, Liu Z, Yin X, Xi B. Preterm birth and risk of type 1 and type 2 diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2014; 15:804-11. [PMID: 25073871 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2014] [Revised: 06/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Preterm birth is suggested to play an important role in the development of diabetes. However, results have been inconsistent. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to clarify the relationship between preterm birth and type 1 and type 2 diabetes. PubMed, Embase and ISI Web of Science were searched. A total of 18 studies (including 2,176,480 participants and 22,073 cases) for type 1 diabetes and five studies (including 31,478 participants and 1,898 cases) for type 2 diabetes were included in the current meta-analyses. We calculated pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) using fixed-effects model to evaluate the relations between preterm birth and type 1 and type 2 diabetes. The results suggested that preterm birth was significantly associated with increased risk of type 1 diabetes (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.11-1.25), with no evidence of between-study heterogeneity (I(2) = 13.2%, P = 0.296). Preterm birth was also significantly associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes (OR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.32-1.72), with no evidence of (I(2) = 0.0%, P = 0.557). Subgroup analyses suggested that there was significant association in both case-control studies (OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.06-1.26) and cohort studies (relative risk = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.11-1.29) for type 1 diabetes, and similar results were found for type 2 diabetes. The results suggested that preterm birth was a significant and independent risk factor for both type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
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Casas-Agustench P, Sloan S, Jacques P, Willinger C, Yin X, Courchesne P, Ramachandran V, Robin S, Larson M, Chen B, Mendelson M, Levy D, Ordovás J. Connections between dark fish intake, lipidomics and plasma triglycerides in the framingham heart study. Atherosclerosis 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.05.542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Cuello F, Shankar-Hari M, Mayr U, Yin X, Marshall M, Willeit P, Langley SR, Terblanche M, Shah AM, Mayr M. P258Redox-state of pentraxin 3 as a novel biomarker for resolution of inflammation and survival in sepsis. Cardiovasc Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvu082.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Jiang Y, Chen X, Tian W, Yin X, Wang J, Yang H. The role of TGF-β1-miR-21-ROS pathway in bystander responses induced by irradiated non-small-cell lung cancer cells. Br J Cancer 2014; 111:772-80. [PMID: 24992582 PMCID: PMC4134503 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Many studies have indicated an important implication of radiation-induced bystander effects (RIBEs) in cancer radiotherapy, but the detailed signalling remains unclear. Methods: The roles of tumour growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) and miR-21 in medium-mediated RIBEs in H1299 non-small-cell lung cancer cells were investigated using DNA damage, changes in proliferation and levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as end points. SB431542, a specific inhibitor of TGF-β type 1 receptor kinases, was used to inhibit TGF-β1 pathways in irradiated and bystander cells. Exogenous miR-21 regulation was achieved through inhibitor or mimic transfection. Results: Compared with relative sham-radiation-conditioned medium, radiation-conditioned medium (RCM) from irradiated cells 1 h post radiation (1-h RCM) caused an increase in ROS levels and DNA damage in bystander cells, while 18-h RCM induced cell cycle delay and proliferation inhibition. All these effects were eliminated by TGF-βR1 inhibition. One-hour RCM upregulated miR-21 expression in bystander cells, and miR-21 inhibitor abolished bystander oxidative stress and DNA damage. Eighteen-hour RCM downregulated miR-21 of bystander cells, and miR-21 mimic eliminated bystander proliferation inhibition. Furthermore, the dysregulation of miR-21 was attenuated by TGF-βR1 inhibition. Conclusions: The TGF-β1–miR-21–ROS pathway of bystander cells has an important mediating role in RIBEs in H1299 cells.
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Kang J, Zhao D, Lyu Y, Tian L, Yin X, Yang L, Teng K, Zhou X. Antimycobacterial activity of Pichia pastoris-derived mature bovine neutrophil β-defensins 5. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2014; 33:1823-34. [PMID: 24839955 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-014-2152-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is an ongoing threat to global health, and the lack of effective therapies for treating it is also a global problem. Previous studies have shown that human cathelicidin and defensins have effective antimicrobial activity against Mycobacterium spp. To our knowledge, there are no reports on the antimycobacterial effects of bovine neutrophil β-defensins so far. Here, we identified the antimicrobial effect of mature bovine neutrophil β-defensins (mBNBD) 5 against Mycobacterium infection both in vitro and in vivo. The mBNBD5 protein was expressed in Pichia pastoris. To increase the yield of β-defensins, a purification method was employed by adding a 6-His·tag to the C-terminus of the mBNBD5 gene. Our results indicated that recombinant mBNBD5 protein was successfully expressed and purified from Pichia pastoris with intact antimicrobial activity. The recombinant protein exhibited potent bactericidal activity in vitro against M. smegmatis and M. bovis, with a dose-dependent manner and a time-dependent manner. The electron microscope results showed that the bacterial cell wall of M. bovis was disrupted when incubated with mBNBD5 for 72 h. Our data also indicated that the exogenous addition of mBNBD5 could reduce the survival of Mycobacterium spp., especially M. tuberculosis and M. bovis in RAW 264.7 macrophages. These results provide foundations for the development of mBNBD5 as a potential new therapeutic agent for TB treatment.
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Zhou M, Zhu J, Yu H, Yin X, Sabour PM, Zhao L, Chen W, Gong J. Investigation into in vitro and in vivo models using intestinal epithelial IPEC-J2 cells and Caenorhabditis elegans for selecting probiotic candidates to control porcine enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. J Appl Microbiol 2014; 117:217-26. [PMID: 24674595 DOI: 10.1111/jam.12505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Revised: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To identify a fast, economic and reliable method for preselecting lactic acid-producing bacterial (LAB) isolates to control enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC). METHODS AND RESULTS Two assays with porcine intestinal epithelial IPEC-J2 cells or Caenorhabditis elegans for selecting effective probiotic candidates were compared. Both assays were based on measuring death of cells or worms caused by ETEC strain JG280. Six of 13 LAB isolates showed ≥50% protection in each assay, among which only four isolates (≥50% protection) were consistently selected by both assays. Isolate CL9 (Lactobacillus reuteri) was further studied. It reduced gene expression of estA, estB and elt in JG280 in both assays. Furthermore, the isolate protected IPEC-J2 and C. elegans from cell and worm death caused by STa, STb or LT enterotoxin expressed in E. coli DH5α. CL9 also promoted host defensive responses by decreasing IL-8 and increasing IL-10 production in IPEC-J2 cells and expression of antimicrobial peptide genes clec-60, clec-85 in C. elegans. CONCLUSIONS Caenorhabditis elegans is useful for preselecting probiotic candidates to control ETEC after initial screening with IPEC-J2 cells. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY A combination of IPEC-J2 cell and C. elegans assays can improve the effectiveness in preselecting probiotic candidates.
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Jiang HQ, Ren M, Jiang HZ, Wang J, Zhang J, Yin X, Wang SY, Qi Y, Wang XD, Feng HL. Guanabenz delays the onset of disease symptoms, extends lifespan, improves motor performance and attenuates motor neuron loss in the SOD1 G93A mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neuroscience 2014; 277:132-8. [PMID: 24699224 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2013] [Revised: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a relentlessly progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by the loss of motor neurons in the motor cortex, brain stem and spinal cord. Currently, there is no cure for this lethal disease. Although the mechanism underlying neuronal cell death in ALS remains elusive, growing evidence supports a crucial role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the pathogenesis of ALS. Recent reports show that guanabenz, a novel inhibitor of eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α) dephosphorylation, possesses anti-prion properties, attenuates ER stress and reduces paralysis and neurodegeneration in mTDP-43 Caenorhabditis elegans and Danio rerio models of ALS. However, the therapeutic potential of guanabenz for the treatment of ALS has not yet been assessed in a mouse model of ALS. In the present study, guanabenz was administered to a widely used mouse model of ALS expressing copper zinc superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1) with a glycine to alanine mutation at position 93 (G93A). The results showed that the administration of guanabenz significantly extended the lifespan, delayed the onset of disease symptoms, improved motor performance and attenuated motor neuron loss in female SOD1 G93A mice. Moreover, western blotting results revealed that guanabenz dramatically increased the levels of phosphorylated-eIF2α (P-eIF2α) protein, without affecting total eIF2α protein levels. The results also revealed a significant decrease in the levels of the ER chaperone glucose-regulated protein 78 (BiP/Grp78) and markers of another two ER stress pathways, activating transcription factor 6α (ATF6α) and inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1). In addition, guanabenz increased the protein levels of anti-apoptotic B cell lymphoma/lewkmia-2 (Bcl-2), and down-regulated the pro-apoptotic protein levels of C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX) and cytochrome C in SOD1 G93A mice. Our findings indicate that guanabenz may represent a novel therapeutic candidate for the treatment of ALS, a lethal human disease with an underlying mechanism involving the attenuation of ER stress and mitochondrial stress via prolonging eIF2α phosphorylation.
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Sekandi JN, List J, Luzze H, Yin X, Dobbin K, Corso PS, Oloya J, Okwera A, Whalen CC. In reply to 'Active case finding for tuberculosis: what is the most informative measure for policy makers?'. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2014; 18:377-8. [PMID: 24670580 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.13.0924-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Ge MK, He WL, Chen J, Wen C, Yin X, Hu ZA, Liu ZP, Zou SJ. Efficacy of low-level laser therapy for accelerating tooth movement during orthodontic treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lasers Med Sci 2014; 30:1609-18. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-014-1538-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Liu YJ, Shen D, Yin X, Gavine P, Zhang T, Su X, Zhan P, Xu Y, Lv J, Qian J, Liu C, Sun Y, Qian Z, Zhang J, Gu Y, Ni X. HER2, MET and FGFR2 oncogenic driver alterations define distinct molecular segments for targeted therapies in gastric carcinoma. Br J Cancer 2014; 110:1169-78. [PMID: 24518603 PMCID: PMC3950883 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2013] [Revised: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is a leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Since the approval
of trastuzumab, targeted therapies are emerging as promising treatment options for the
disease. This study aimed to explore the molecular segmentation of several known
therapeutics targets, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), MET and
fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2), within GC using clinically approved or
investigational kits and scoring criteria. Knowledge of how these markers are segmented
in the same cohort of GC patients could improve future clinical trial designs. Methods: Using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and FISH methods, overexpression and amplification of
HER2, FGFR2 and MET were profiled in a cohort of Chinese GC samples. The correlations
between anti-tumour sensitivity and the molecular segments of HER2, MET and FGFR2
alterations were further tested in a panel of GC cell lines and the patient-derived GC
xenograft (PDGCX) model using the targeted inhibitors. Results: Of 172 GC patients, positivity for HER2, MET and FGFR2 alternations was found in 23
(13.4%), 21 (12.2%) and 9 (5.2%) patients, respectively. Positivity
for MET was found in 3 of 23 HER2-positive GC patients. Co-positivity for FGFR2 and MET
was found in 1 GC patient, and amplification of the two genes was found in different
tumour cells. Our study in a panel of GC cell lines showed that in most cell lines,
amplification or high expression of a particular molecular marker was mutually exclusive
and in vitro sensitivity to the targeted agents lapatinib, PD173074 and
crizotinib was only observed in cell lines with the corresponding high expression of the
drugs' target protein. SGC031, an MET-positive PDGCX mouse model, responded to
crizotinib but not to lapatinib or PD173074. Conclusions: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, MET and FGFR2 oncogenic driver alterations
(gene amplification and overexpression) occur in three largely distinct molecular
segments in GC. A significant proportion of HER2-negative patients may potentially
benefit from MET- or FGFR2-targeted therapies.
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Xu J, Rees G, Yin X, Song C, Han Y, Ge H, Pang Z, Xu W, Tang Y, Friston K, Liu S. Spontaneous neuronal activity predicts intersubject variations in executive control of attention. Neuroscience 2014; 263:181-92. [PMID: 24447598 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Revised: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Executive control of attention regulates our thoughts, emotion and behavior. Individual differences in executive control are associated with task-related differences in brain activity. But it is unknown whether attentional differences depend on endogenous (resting state) brain activity and to what extent regional fluctuations and functional connectivity contribute to individual variations in executive control processing. Here, we explored the potential contribution of intrinsic brain activity to executive control by using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Using the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) as an index of spontaneous brain activity, we found that ALFF in the right precuneus (PCUN) and the medial part of left superior frontal gyrus (msFC) was significantly correlated with the efficiency of executive control processing. Crucially, the strengths of functional connectivity between the right PCUN/left msFC and distributed brain regions, including the left fusiform gyrus, right inferior frontal gyrus, left superior frontal gyrus and right precentral gyrus, were correlated with individual differences in executive performance. Together, the ALFF and functional connectivity accounted for 67% of the variability in behavioral performance. Moreover, the strength of functional connectivity between specific regions could predict more individual variability in executive control performance than regionally specific fluctuations. In conclusion, our findings suggest that spontaneous brain activity may reflect or underpin executive control of attention. It will provide new insights into the origins of inter-individual variability in human executive control processing.
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Suchowski H, O'Brien K, Wong ZJ, Salandrino A, Yin X, Zhang X. Phase Mismatch-Free Nonlinear Propagation in Optical Zero-Index Materials. Science 2013; 342:1223-6. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1244303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Li Z, Zhang S, Yin X, Wang C, Wang Z. Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatographic Determination of Triazine Herbicides in Water Samples. J Chromatogr Sci 2013; 52:926-31. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmt124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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150
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Gan W, Zhou X, Yang H, Chen H, Qiao J, Khan SH, Yang L, Yin X, Zhao D. Development of a test for bovine tuberculosis in cattle based on measurement of gamma interferon mRNA by real-time PCR. Vet Rec 2013; 173:117. [PMID: 23832268 DOI: 10.1136/vr.101552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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