Low-loss image transmission by a lens guide

Transmission loss of an image by a lens guide due to the vignetting of the lens is asymptotically calculatedby an analytical expression with some singular points for the case of an infinite number of lenses. This result agrees with the calculations of finite lenses and the experiments.

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the heart

A 33-year-old woman presented signs and symptoms which suggested mitral stenosis and insufficiency. Subsequent echocardiographic and angiographic testing demonstrated a left atrial tumor which was suspected clinically to be a left atrial myxoma. At surgery, the tumor was partially resected and histological examination revealed that the mass to be a malignant fibrous histiocytoma. At autopsy, the tumor was found to be localized in the heart, and there was no metastasis.

A case of "exulceratio simplex" (Dieulafoy)

A case of Exulceratio simplex (Es) was reported. Fair sized arteries were present in submucosal layer of fundus of the stomach from which massive arterial hemorrhage occurred due to the erosion caused by two small mucosal defects.

Peliosis hepatis. An unusual case involving multiple organs

The case is that of a 70-year-old Japanese male who had peliosis hepatis with disseminated peliotic lesions in various organs. The initial sign was spontaneous pneumothorax followed by pulmonary hemorrhage. There was no history of anabolic steroid ingestion and his history of pulmonary tuberculosis revealed no pathological changes. Autopsy findings suggested that dilatation of sinusoids with slow progressive injury of sinusoidal endothelium and hepatocytes due to unknown local and general etiologic factors may be an initial mechanism in the development of peliosis hepatis.

Product specificity of rice germ lipoxygenase

Incubation of linoleic acid with partially purified lipoxygenase from rice germ yielded a ratio of 9- to 13-hydroperoxides of linoleic acid of 97:3 as measured by high performance liquid chromatography. Under similar conditions, hematin gave the 9- to 13-hydroperoxides at a ratio of 51:49, and soybean lipoxygenase-a at 9:91. Infrared spectral analysis revealed cis-trans configuration to predominate in the reaction products with the rice germ enzyme as was with the soybean enzyme.

[Neuropharmacological studies on tolperisone hydrochloride (author's transl)]

Neuropharmacological properties of tolperisone hydrochloride (2,4'-dimethyl-3-piperidinopropiophenone hydrochloride) were investigated in mice, rats and cats. Tolperisone inhibited the spontaneous movement and methamphetamine-induced hyperactivity in mice and the ED50 was approx. 50 mg/kg, s.c. At this dose, tolperisone did not prolong the pentobarbital-induced sleeping time. Tolperisone inhibited convulsions induced by pentylenetetrazol, nicotine and maximum electric shock, but did not affect convulsions induced by strychnine and picrotoxin. Tolperisone induced muscle relaxation in mice and rats in several pharmacological tests, but did not affect neuro-muscular transmission. Tolperisone did not affect conditioned avoidance response in rats and methamphetamine-induced rotational behaviour in nigro-lesioned rats. Tolperisone reduced decerebrated rigidity in cats with i.v. administration of 5 approximately 10 mg/kg and intraduodenal administration of 50 approximately 100 mg/kg. Tolperisone elicited a slight drowsy pattern in the spontaneous EEG of cats at 5 approximately 10 mg/kg, i.v., and inhibited the EEG arousal response and pressor response to stimulation of mesencephalic reticular formation or posterior hypothalamic area. These results suggest that inhibition of the activity in the gamma pathway descending from the mesencephalic reticular formation may be involved in the mechanism of muscle relaxant action of tolperisone.

[General pharmacological studies on pepleomycin sulfate (NK 631) (author's transl)]

Pharmacological actions of pepleomycin sulfate (NK 631) which is a new antitumor agent derived from bleomycin were studied and the following results were obtained. NK 631 had no significant influences on the central, motor and sensory nervous systems at relatively higher doses (5 approximately 10 mg/kg, i.v., i.p., s.c.). NK 631 (5 approximately 10 mg/kg, i.v.) caused a slight decrease in blood pressure in anesthetized rats and slight increases in blood pressure, heart rate and peripheral blood flow in anesthetized dogs. NK 631 (1 approximately 3 mg) given close-arterially caused a slight increase in the developing tension in the isolated blood-perfused papillary muscle. NK 631 slightly contracted the isolated guinea pig ileum and rat uterus but did not affect the contraction of isolated guinea pig trachea. NK 631 caused significant increases in urine output and Cl excretion in saline loaded rats at 20 mg/kg, i.p. By the local injection of NK 631, a slight edema of rat paw and an increase in rabbit cutaneous permeability were observed. The intraperitoneal injection of NK 631 caused a significant increase in leakage of dye injected intravenously into the peritoneal cavity of mice. NK 631 did not affect hemolysis and prothrombin time at 10(-4) g/ml. In pharmacological actions, significant differences between NK 631 and pepleomycin were not observed.

Incoherent optical heterodyne detection and its application to air pollution detection

Fundamental problems of incoherent optical heterodyne detection are analyzed. Output of the heterodyne detection depends on the spatial and temporal coherences of incoming incoherent signal light on the photodetector surface. The directivity of optical heterodyne detection is concluded to be the same as with that of direct detection in an ideal case in which the image of the object is well focused on the photodetector surface. This incoherent heterodyne detection is applied to air pollution monitoring. In the laboratory, the absorption spectra due to NH(3), Freon, and SF(6) are measured using an incoherent light source, and the concentrations of each gas were determined by using the least-squares method.

Narrow-band Bragg reflectors in optical fibers

The formation and characterization of narrow-band-waveguide reflection filters in Ge-doped silica optical fibers is described. The filters can have complex response profiles and are tunable in frequency by mechanical strain.