1651
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Shengbing Jiang, Kumar R, Garcia H. Diagnosis of repeated/intermittent failures in discrete event systems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1109/tra.2003.809590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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1652
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Mishra VC, Kumar R, Cooksey G. Intrascrotal neurofibroma. SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF UROLOGY AND NEPHROLOGY 2003; 36:385-6. [PMID: 12487746 DOI: 10.1080/003655902320783926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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1653
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Kumar R, Chandra A. Gluteal abscess: a manifestation of Pott's spine. Neurol India 2003; 51:87-8. [PMID: 12865530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
A 3-year-old girl presented with features suggestive of compression of cauda equina. In addition, she had soft, fluctuant gluteal swelling, which on aspiration yielded pus, positive for acid-fast bacilli on staining and culture. She showed significant clinicoradiological improvement following aspiration of pus and antitubercular treatment. Rare manifestations of cold abscess in the spine are discussed.
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1654
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Singh A, Kumar R, Singhal L, Chauhan R. Bromodialone reduces cell-mediated immunity in chickens. Br Poult Sci 2003. [DOI: 10.1080/713655295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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1655
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Santra A, Chaturvedi O, Tripathi M, Kumar R, Karim S. Effect of dietary sodium bicarbonate supplementation on fermentation characteristics and ciliate protozoal population in rumen of lambs. Small Rumin Res 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0921-4488(02)00241-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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1656
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Thomas EJ, Kumar R, Dasan JB, Chandrashekar N, Agarwala S, Tripathi M, Bal CS. Radionuclide scintigraphy in the evaluation of gastro-oesophageal reflux in post-operative oesophageal atresia and tracheo-oesophageal fistula patients. Nucl Med Commun 2003; 24:317-20. [PMID: 12612473 DOI: 10.1097/00006231-200303000-00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR) is a major cause of morbidity in children who undergo surgical repair for oesophageal atresia with tracheo-oesophageal fistula (OA/TOF). We performed a retrospective analysis to determine the incidence of GOR on radionuclide scintigraphy in symptomatic and asymptomatic OA/TOF patients in the first post-operative year. A total of 124 patients (74 males, 50 females), with a mean age of 3.5 months (range, 20 days to 12 months), were studied. Of these 124 patients, 67 were symptomatic and 57 were asymptomatic. On radionuclide scintigraphy, 73 patients (48 symptomatic and 25 asymptomatic) had reflux. Of the 48 symptomatic patients with scintigraphic studies positive for reflux, 79.2% (38) had proximal reflux and 20.8% (10) had distal reflux, whereas, of the 57 asymptomatic patients, 48% (12) had proximal reflux and 52% (13) had distal reflux. There was a significantly higher incidence of GOR in symptomatic children than in asymptomatic children (P<0.01). In particular, there was a significantly higher incidence of proximal GOR in symptomatic children than in asymptomatic children (P<0.001). In conclusion, the severity and incidence of GOR were significantly higher in symptomatic than asymptomatic OA/TOF patients in their first post-operative year. Scintigraphic evidence of proximal reflux correlates with the presence of symptomatic GOR.
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1657
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Kumar M, Luthra OP, Chawla V, Yadav NR, Kumar R, Khar A. Genetic analysis of Karnal bunt (Neovossia indica) resistance in wheat. J Biosci 2003; 28:199-203. [PMID: 12711812 DOI: 10.1007/bf02706219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Embryos excised from seeds of six generations (P1, P2, F1, BC1, BC2 and F2) of a cross WH 283 WH 533 were cultured on modified MS medium already inoculated with secondary sporidia of Neovossia indica. Significant variations for callusing response (CR) (54 55-75 55%) were observed among generations but the presence or absence of N. indicia did not affect callusing response. A clear inhibition zone (IZ) was formed around each embryo showing callusing. The diameter of IZ varied significantly among generations and was maximum in the resistant genotype, WH 283 (3 60 cm). Fresh weight and dry weight of calli, initiated from embryo cultured and inoculated with N. indica, varied significantly among generations. Coefficient of infection as well as percentage of infection reflected the overdominance of susceptibility. Generation mean analysis showed that the three parameter model was adequate for diameter of IZ only. Six-parameter model showed that additive (in presence of N. indica), additive and additive dominance (in absence of N. indica) effects were also significant. Complementary type of epistasis for fresh weight of calli and dominance, and dominance dominance effects for dry weight of calli were observed in the presence of N. indica. Magnitude of additive effects was higher for diameter of IZ in three parameter model. Therefore, selection might assist in improving this trait and thus indirectly help in attaining the resistance towards N. indica.
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1658
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Rooney O, Kumar R, Thomas PM, Rawluk D. Ruptured middle cerebral artery aneurysm presenting as subdural haematoma. IRISH MEDICAL JOURNAL 2003; 96:47-50. [PMID: 12674154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
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1659
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Agrawal N, Sehgal R, Kumar R, Bhadoria P. Cantrell's pentalogy. Anaesth Intensive Care 2003; 31:120. [PMID: 12635406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
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1660
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Rassweiler J, Tsivian A, Lymberakis C, Kumar R, Schulze M, Frede T, Teber D. Oncological safety of laparoscopic surgery for urological malignancies. Experience of more than 1000 procedures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-9056(03)80397-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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1661
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Charalambous CP, Zipitis CS, Kumar R, Lipsett PA, Hirst P, Paul A. Soft tissue infections of the extremities in an orthopaedic centre in the UK. J Infect 2003; 46:106-10. [PMID: 12634072 DOI: 10.1053/jinf.2002.1099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the spectrum, and clinical impact of acute extremity soft tissue infections, encountered in the Orthopaedic service of an inner city hospital in UK. METHODS Patients requiring admission for an acute limb soft tissue infection to the Orthopaedic unit of the Manchester Royal Infirmary, UK, between July 1996 and 2001 were identified from our database. Infections involving the groin and axilla, those developing within 30 days of a surgical procedure, and patients with chronic soft tissue ulcers or infections were not considered. RESULTS Of 142 infections the majority were cellulitis (50%) and superficial abscesses (34.5%). Most were secondary to trauma (31.6%), human or animal bites (20%) and intravenous drug abuse (17.6%). Although most patients were young and otherwise healthy, ten developed significant complications: myonecrosis requiring below knee amputation (1), acute carpal tunnel syndrome (1), osteomyelitis (6), extensive skin loss requiring reconstruction (1), deep vein thrombosis (1). Seven hundred and eighty four hospital inpatient days and 143 operative interventions were devoted to these patients. The estimated cost for each episode of soft tissue infection was pound 1011. In 25% of cases earlier referral to a surgical service would have been more appropriate. CONCLUSIONS Soft tissue infections of the extremities confer significant morbidity and impose an important burden on medical resources.
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1662
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Reddy MA, Francis PJ, Berry V, Bradshaw K, Patel RJ, Maher ER, Kumar R, Bhattacharya SS, Moore AT. A clinical and molecular genetic study of a rare dominantly inherited syndrome (MRCS) comprising of microcornea, rod-cone dystrophy, cataract, and posterior staphyloma. Br J Ophthalmol 2003; 87:197-202. [PMID: 12543751 PMCID: PMC1771505 DOI: 10.1136/bjo.87.2.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AIM To phenotype and genetically map the disease locus in a family presenting with autosomal dominant microcornea, rod-cone dystrophy, cataract, and posterior staphyloma. METHODS Six affected and three unaffected members of the pedigree were examined. All individuals provided a history and underwent a full clinical examination with A-scan and B-scan ultrasonography and electrophysiological testing where appropriate. PCR based microsatellite marker genotyping using a positional candidate gene approach was then performed on DNA samples extracted from venous blood provided by each subject. RESULTS The disorder is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait with variable expressivity and has a complex phenotype. Affected individuals had bilateral microcornea, pulverulent-like lens opacities, a rod-cone dystrophy and posterior staphyloma (MRCS). Using a positional candidate gene approach, the authors have evidence suggestive of linkage of this disorder to a region on 11q13 within the nanophthalmos 1 (NNO1) genetic interval. The small family size militates against achieving a LOD score of 3, but the haplotype data and the position of the putative MRCS locus within a known nanophthalmos locus are suggestive of linkage. A candidate gene within this region (ROM1) was screened and no mutations were found in affected members of the family. CONCLUSION This rare developmental disorder has some phenotypic similarities to nanophthalmos and possibly maps to a locus within the genetic interval encompassing the NNO1 locus. Screening of candidate genes within this region continues.
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1663
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Singh A, Kumar R, Singhal L, Chauhan R. Bromodialone reduces cell-mediated immunity in chickens. Br Poult Sci 2003. [DOI: 10.1080/00071660301930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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1664
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1665
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Alavi A, Kumar R, Bhargava P, Bozkurt MF, Zhuang H, Potenta S. Positron emission tomography imaging in evaluation of cancer patients. Indian J Cancer 2003. [DOI: 10.4103/0019-509x.13063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
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1666
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Pradhan VD, Badakere SS, Iyer YS, Kumar R, Almeida AF. A study of anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibodies in systemic vasculitis and other related disorders. J Postgrad Med 2003; 49:5-9; discussion 9-10. [PMID: 12865563 DOI: 10.4103/0022-3859.936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibodies (ANCA) play an important role as specific and sensitive markers for small vessel vasculitis and in some other systemic disorders. Indirect immunofluorescence test, known as the "Gold Standard" for screening of ANCA, can be further substantiated by ELISA for confirmation and for identifying sub-specificities like anti-Myeloperoxidase (anti-MPO), anti-Proteinase 3 (anti-PR3) and anti-Lactoferrin (anti-LF). AIMS The present study was undertaken to investigate the incidence, specificities and strength of ANCA in suspected vasculitis cases and to correlate their presence with that of these auto-antibodies and with the disease. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Sera from 130 clinically suspected vasculitis patients were studied. Indirect immunofluorescence microscopy (IIF) was used to identify cytoplasmic (c-ANCA), perinuclear (p-ANCA) and atypical (X-ANCA) patterns using ethanol and formalin fixed polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) and HL-60 cells from a human promyelocytic leukaemic cell line as substrates. ELISA was performed for identifying ANCA sub-specificities to anti-MPO and anti-PR3 and HEp-2 cells were used for detection of anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA). RESULTS ANCA positivity was noted in 42.3% of these patients, wherein p-ANCA positivity rate was 34.6% and c-ANCA positivity was noted in 5.4% subjects. Three patients showed the unusual X-ANCA positivity. ELISA determined the sub-specificities: Out of 45 p-ANCA positive patients, 38 patients (84.4%) had anti-MPO and out of 7 c-ANCA positive patients, 5 patients (71.4%) had anti-PR3 antibodies. One patient with Class IV Lupus Nephritis, showed both anti-MPO and anti-PR3 antibodies and 17.8% p-ANCA positive patients had anti-Lactoferrin antibodies. CONCLUSIONS Use of the Immunofluorescence method coupled with identification of ANCA sub-specificities by ELISA, is recommended for detection of ANCA in clinically suspected cases of small vessel and other systemic vasculitis.
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1667
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Kumar R, Zhonghui Luo. Optimizing the operation sequence of a chip placement machine using TSP model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1109/tepm.2003.813002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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1668
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Bhadada SK, Unnikrishnan AG, Kumar R, Reddy DVS, Agarwal NK, Singh SK, Agrawal JK. Pictorial CME. Pseudohypoparathyroidism type IA. THE JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF PHYSICIANS OF INDIA 2003; 51:74. [PMID: 12693463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
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1669
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Thakur SD, Kumar R, Thapliyal DC. Human brucellosis: review of an under-diagnosed animal transmitted disease. THE JOURNAL OF COMMUNICABLE DISEASES 2002; 34:287-301. [PMID: 14710861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
Human brucellosis is an important animal transmitted disease of man. Although, the cases have been recorded all over the world, the prevalence is higher in developing countries. Lack of sufficient knowledge about the disease among the physicians, its under-diagnosis or misdiagnosis and absence of effective prevention and management strategies are attributed to the widespread of the disease. Increase in the occurrence of animal brucellosis has also resulted indirectly in an increase in the prevalence of human infection. Absence of characteristic clinical symptoms, chronic nature of the infection and difficulty in isolation of the causal agent from the patients make the diagnosis of the disease more difficult. The serological tests employed for diagnosing human brucellosis vary in terms of their sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, a combination of serological tests is desirable. Currently no vaccine is available against human brucellosis, which could check the spread of the disease effectively. It is suggested that clinicians investigate the cases of pyrexia of unknown origin (PUO) for brucellosis. It is desirable that specimens from cases of tuberculosis, typhoid, rheumatoid arthritis, urogenital infections, kala-azar, cirrhosis, bacterial endocarditis, leukemia and filariasis should also be screened for brucellosis in man. The cases of meningitis of unestablished etiology as the cases of human brucellosis are often misdiagnosed as cases of typhoid or tuberculosis.
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1670
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Nandi S, Chakraborti A, Bakshi DK, Rani A, Kumar R, Ganguly NK. Association of pyrogenic exotoxin genes with pharyngitis and rheumatic fever/rheumatic heart disease among Indian isolates of Streptococcus pyogenes. Lett Appl Microbiol 2002; 35:237-41. [PMID: 12180948 DOI: 10.1046/j.1472-765x.2002.01176.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM To monitor the presence of various pyrogenic exotoxin genes in strains of Streptococcus pyogenes isolated in India. METHODS & RESULTS Isolates recovered from pharyngitis (52) and rheumatic fever (RF)/ rheumatic heart disease (RHD) (8) patients were analysed for the presence of toxin genes, speA, speB and speF, by PCR. The specificity of the products was confirmed by restriction enzyme digestion and Southern hybridization. Among the 60 isolates studied, the incidence of speA, speB and speF were 5(8.3%), 56(93.3%) and 53(88.3%), respectively. The expression of these genes was established in representative isolates by RT-PCR. CONCLUSIONS Comparative analysis of frequency of the speA, speB and speF genes, among pharyngitis and RF/RHD associated isolates, showed higher incidence in RF/RHD (25%, 100%,100%) as compared to pharyngitis patients (5.8%, 92.3%, 86.5%), respectively. SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY: The presence of the speA gene, which is usually associated with scarlet fever or toxic shock-like syndrome, within few Indian isolates may be indicative of new virulent strains circulating within the Indian community. High distribution of toxin genes among RF/RHD compared to pharyngitis isolates indicate their possible role in increased virulence.
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1671
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Nakagomi T, Gentsch JR, Das BK, Kumar R, Bhan MK, Glass RI, Nakagomi O. Molecular characterization of serotype G2 and G3 human rotavirus strains that have an apparently identical electropherotype of the short RNA pattern. Arch Virol 2002; 147:2187-95. [PMID: 12417952 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-002-0861-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The literature is conflicting whether or not rotavirus strains with different G serotype have an identical electropherotype. This is a contentious but an important issue because large parts of molecular epidemiological studies of rotaviruses have been based on the conception that a single strain of rotavirus can be defined by a single electropherotype. Here, we examined in detail by reverse-transcription PCR genotyping, electropherotyping, sequencing, and genogrouping using RNA--RNA hybridization three human rotavirus strains isolated in India that had apparently identical electropherotypes although one strain was typed as P[4], G3 while the other two typed as P[4], G2. These three strains showed an identical electropherotype on 7.5% and 12.5% polyacrylamide gels, but co-electrophoresis on a 10% gel demonstrated that segment 8 of the P[4], G3 strain migrated more slowly than the cognate segment of the P[4], G2 strains. Genogrouping assay and nucleotide sequencing provided evidence for the hypothesis that the P[4], G3 stain was an intergenogroup reassortant in which a P[4], G2 strain of the DS-1 genogroup had acquired the VP7 gene from an yet-unidentified concurrently circulating G3 strain. While electropherotyping remains a valuable asset for molecular epidemiology of rotaviruses, this study underscores the importance of co-electrophoresis under different electrophoretic conditions when pinpointing subtle differences.
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1672
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Hira HS, Zachariah S, Kumar R. Evaluation of ventilator-associated lower respiratory tract infection and tracheobronchial aspiration of gastrointestinal contents. THE JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF PHYSICIANS OF INDIA 2002; 50:1381-5. [PMID: 12583466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE Ventilator-associated lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in a set up of respiratory intensive care unit was evaluated. Also the incidence of tracheobronchial aspiration of gastrointestinal contents was explored among these patients. DESIGN Twenty eight patients admitted in the respiratory intensive care unit of referral teaching hospital were studied. All patients were evaluated for tracheobronchial aspiration of gastrointestinal contents in the initial 48 hours of initiating mechanical ventilation using methylene blue as marker and glucostix reagent strip. Protected endotracheal aspirate was secured after 48 hours of beginning of mechanical ventilation and was submitted for microbiological assay. RESULTS Of the 28 mechanically ventilated patients, 82% were found to have developed LRTI. Aerobic gram-negative bacilli accounted for 79% of the infections, Klesiella responsible for 39% while Pseudomonas and Escherichia accounted for 18% each. The remaining 4% were caused by Acinetobacter. Gram-positive cocci were responsible for 21% of infection with Staphylococcus and enterococci 14% and 7% respectively. Tracheobronchial aspiration of GI contents was found to be present in 72% of the patients which was significantly correlated with the incidence of LRTI (p=0.014). Significant association was also found between the incidence of LRTI and mortality (p=0.05). CONCLUSION The incidence of gastrointestinal aspiration was found to be high and correlation with LRTI was significant. Both glucostix reagent strip and methylene blue were observed to have same positivity rate.
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1673
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Kumar R, Malik S, Qureshi A, Khurram IM, Chaudhary KS, Paul L, Malik MZ, Mahmud MK, Israr SM. Comparative analysis of knowledge, attitudes and perceptions about induced abortions among medical and non-medical students of Karachi. J PAK MED ASSOC 2002; 52:492-4. [PMID: 12553683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the knowledge, attitudes and perceptions regarding induced abortions among university students of Karachi and compare these aspects among medical and non-medical students. STUDY DESIGN Cross sectional opinion survey. METHODS The study is a cross sectional opinion survey of medical and non-medical students from four educational institutions of Karachi using a pretested questionnaire. RESULTS Of the 381 students interviewed, 201 were medical and 180 were non-medical. More medical students were aware of the correct definition of induced abortion. An encouraging finding was the awareness of our study population about the only legally acceptable circumstance for induced abortion in Pakistan, that is, if conceptus is a risk to maternal health (p<0.001). More medical students cited complications that were technical like uterine perforation (p<0.001), cervical trauma (p<0.001), DIC (p<0.001), and sepsis (p<0.001). More medical students thought induced abortion to be a health issue (p=0.001) as compared to non-medical students. Most of the medical students felt the need to modify Pakistan's law regarding abortion (p=0.008) especially for fetal anomalies (13.9%) and rape (7%). CONCLUSION Though medical students were more knowledgeable about induced abortions as compared to the non-medical population, there is a need to improve awareness regarding induced and unsafe abortions and their consequences.
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1674
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Singh P, Sharma BK, Kumar R. Quantitative structure-activity relationship study on N-(pyridin-4-yl)-(indol-3-yl) alkylamides as antiallergic agents. INDIAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & BIOPHYSICS 2002; 39:351-355. [PMID: 22905382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The antihistamine activity of N-(pyridin-4-yl)-(indol-3-yl) alkylamides has been analyzed using Fujita-Ban and Hansch approaches. The analyses have helped to ascertain the role of different substituents in explaining the antiallergic actions of these analogues. From both approaches it is revealed that the small size substituents at R and R2 and non-hydrogen bond acceptor substituent at R improve histamine antagonist activity of a compound. Likewise, a small incision such as -CH2CONH-serving as the spacer between pyridinyl and indolyl rings and a bigger substituent like 4-FBn at R1 are also desirable for inhibitory activity.
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Chawla S, Gupta R, Kumar R, Garg M, Pradhan S, Pal L, Husain N, Gupta A, Rathore R. Demonstration of Scolex in Calcified Cysticercus Lesion using Gradient Echo with or without Corrected Phase Imaging and its Clinical Implications. Clin Radiol 2002. [DOI: 10.1053/crad.2002.0979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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