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Ryan C, White B. The diagnosis and management of common inherited bleeding disorders. IRISH MEDICAL JOURNAL 2004; 97:134-5. [PMID: 15255563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Inherited bleeding disorders can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Bleeding episodes can be safely and effectively managed in the majority of patients provided the coagulation defect is identified and corrected with the appropriate replacement therapy. It is imperative that these patients are treated in centres that can provide full coagulation support, and a comprehensive care plan is formulated for each individual.
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Maxwell M, White B, Singh K, Wheable J, Stocker C, Blackaby A, Reid D, Kehler J, Louttit J, Groot P. W01.101 Increase in aortic atherosclerosis with an LXR agonist in the WHHL rabbit. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(04)90100-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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153
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White B. Murder in the university. REPORT OF PROCEEDINGS. SCOTTISH SOCIETY OF THE HISTORY OF MEDICINE 2003:45-8. [PMID: 12899176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
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154
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Lefebvre LP, Thomas Y, White B. Effects of lubricants and compacting pressure on the processability and properties of aluminum P/M parts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s1471-5317(03)00007-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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155
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Nowakowska M, White B, Guillet JE. Studies of the antenna effect in polymer molecules. 13. Preparation and photophysical studies of poly(sodium styrenesulfonate-co-2-vinylnaphthalene). Macromolecules 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ma00200a016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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156
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Nowakowska M, White B, Guillet JE. Studies of the antenna effect in polymer molecules. 11. Photochemical reactions of 2-undecanone solubilized in an aqueous solution of poly(sodium styrenesulfonate-co-2-vinylnaphthalene). Macromolecules 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ma00190a014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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157
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Nowakowska M, White B, Guillet JE. Studies of the antenna effect in polymer molecules. 12. Photochemical reactions of several polynuclear aromatic compounds solubilized in aqueous solutions of poly(sodium styrenesulfonate-co-2-vinylnaphthalene). Macromolecules 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ma00195a055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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158
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White B, Nowakowska M, Vancso GJ, Guillet JE. Studies of the antenna effect in polymer molecules. 20. Effect of molecular weight on the solubilization and photocatalytic activity of poly(sodium styrenesulfonate-co-2-vinylnaphthalene). Macromolecules 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ma00010a041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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159
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Nowakowska M, White B, Guillet JE. Thermodynamics of the solubilization of 2-undecanone in aqueous solutions of poly(sodium styrenesulfonate-co-2-vinylnaphthalene). Macromolecules 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ma00215a027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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160
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Lawler P, White B, Pye S, Hermans C, Riddell A, Costello C, Brown S, Lee CA. Successful use of recombinant factor VIIa in a patient with inhibitor secondary to severe factor XI deficiency. Haemophilia 2002; 8:145-8. [PMID: 11952851 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2516.2002.00590.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Factor XI (FXI) inhibitors are a rare complication of inherited FXI deficiency. We report the successful use of recombinant factor VIIa (FVIIa) in a patient with a high-responding inhibitor undergoing cataract extraction. At the time of surgery there were limited available data on the optimal management of patients with FXI deficiency. A 62-year-old Ashkenazi Jewish woman had a lifelong history of excessive bleeding secondary to severe FXI deficiency (2 U dL-1), and received FXI concentrate (FXI:C) when she underwent a colposuspension procedure. She was subsequently diagnosed with a FXI inhibitor of 16 Bethesda units (BU) when she developed a poor response to FXI:C at the time of total hip replacement. Two months later she was admitted for cataract extraction. The FXI level was < 1 U dL-1 with an inhibitor titre of 48 BU. She received 90 microg kg-1 of FVIIa immediately preoperatively followed by continuous infusion at a rate of 20 microg kg-1 h-1 for 24 h. The cataract extraction was successful and there was no excess bleeding during surgery or in the postoperative period. Mutation analysis of the FXI gene showed that the patient was homozygous for the type II genotype [exon 5, Glu117-->Ter]. The reason for the low prevalence of inhibitor formation in patients with FXI deficiency is unclear but may reflect a number of factors including reporting bias, the rarity of absent circulating FXI:C activity, and the infrequent use of FXI replacement therapy.
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161
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Woo YL, White B, Corbally R, Byrne M, O'Connell N, O'Shea E, Sheppard BL, Bonnar J, Smith OP. von Willebrand's disease: an important cause of dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 2002; 13:89-93. [PMID: 11914650 DOI: 10.1097/00001721-200203000-00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We assessed the prevalence of von Willebrand's disease (VWD) in patients with objectively confirmed dysfunctional uterine bleeding. A case-control study was designed to include 38 patients with objectively confirmed dysfunctional uterine bleeding and 38 age-matched controls with normal menstrual blood loss (MBL). Menorrhagia was defined as a mean MBL of greater than 80 ml on three consecutive menses as measured by the alkali haematin method. von Willebrand factor antigen, von Willebrand factor activity (VWF:Ac) and factor VIII:C were measured on three serial venous blood samples 1 week apart. VWD was diagnosed in five of 38 (13%) patients with menorrhagia and one of 38 (2.6%) patients with normal menstrual blood loss. The mean VWF:Ac value was significantly reduced in patients with menorrhagia (mean +/- standard deviation, 84.5 +/- 26.7 IU/dl versus 103.9 +/- 34.5 IU/dl; P < 0.01) and this effect persisted after exclusion of patients diagnosed with VWD. Failure to investigate patients for VWD will limit the potential benefits of medical therapies such as tranexamic acid or nasal desmopressin [1-desamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin, (DDAVP)] and, in addition, will lead to an increased risk associated with surgical intervention in patients with undiagnosed VWD.
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162
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White B. International Society for Rheumatic Therapy guest society symposium: recent therapeutic experiences with new generation drugs for inflammatory diseases. Inflamm Res 2002; 51:73-5. [PMID: 11926314 DOI: 10.1007/bf02684003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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163
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Mynett-Johnson LA, Keenan C, Black IL, Livingstone WJ, Lawler M, Roche HM, White B, Gibney MJ, McKeon P, Smith OP. Thermolabile methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (C677T): frequency in the Irish population. Ir J Med Sci 2002; 171:37-9. [PMID: 11993593 DOI: 10.1007/bf03168940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The genetic variation which underlies the thermolability and low enzyme activity of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR; C677T) has been extensively studied in many populations, including the Irish population. AIM To describe the examination of the C677T substitution in two new control samples drawn from the Irish population. METHODS A collection of 487 serum samples was obtained through the blood transfusion services of both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland and a further 115 samples from volunteers. RESULTS In both samples, the frequency of the thermolabile/low enzyme activity allele (T) was higher than that previously reported for the Irish population. CONCLUSION This finding thus supports the need for a greater use of internal control/family-based association studies, as opposed to the classic case control study design, when assessing the contribution of the MTHFR T allele to disease processes.
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164
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White B, Osterwalder T, Keshishian H. Molecular genetic approaches to the targeted suppression of neuronal activity. Curr Biol 2001; 11:R1041-53. [PMID: 11747845 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-9822(01)00621-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Understanding how the diverse cells of the nervous system generate sensations, memories and behaviors is a profound challenge. This is because the activity of most neurons cannot easily be monitored or individually manipulated in vivo. As a result, it has been difficult to determine how different neurons contribute to nervous system function, even in simple organisms like Drosophila. Recent advances promise to change this situation by supplying molecular genetic tools for modulating neuronal activity that can be deployed in a spatially and temporally restricted fashion. In some cases, targeted groups of neurons can be 'switched off' and back 'on' at will in living, behaving animals.
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165
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Moore WC, Hasday JD, Meltzer SS, Wisnewski PL, White B, Bleecker ER. Subjects with mild and moderate asthma respond to segmental allergen challenge with similar, reproducible, allergen-specific inflammation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2001; 108:908-14. [PMID: 11742266 DOI: 10.1067/mai.2001.119413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between severity of asthma and bronchial inflammation is poorly understood. OBJECTIVE We examined acute and subacute inflammatory responses to allergen in subjects with mild and moderate persistent asthma to evaluate whether different cellular and mediator responses to endobronchial allergen challenge are associated with differences in disease severity. METHODS Segmental allergen challenge was performed in 8 subjects with mild and 10 subjects with moderate allergic asthma to compare baseline airways inflammation and allergen-induced inflammatory responses 24 hours later. This evaluation was repeated after 6 weeks in 9 subjects to investigate the reproducibility of these inflammatory responses. RESULTS Subjects with mild and moderate asthma had similar decreases in FEV(1) in response to segmental allergen challenge (9.1% +/- 4.2% vs 15.1% +/- 4.6%, P = .35). There was no difference in inflammatory cell counts or cytokine concentrations in the groups with mild and moderate asthma at baseline or after saline or allergen challenge. Repeat segmental allergen challenge 6 weeks later showed that these cellular and cytokine responses were reproducible. CONCLUSION Segmental allergen challenge in subjects with mild and moderate asthma produces similar allergen-specific physiologic and inflammatory responses that are reproducible 6 weeks later. In this model of allergic asthma, acute responses to allergen do not appear to be related to disease severity.
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166
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Luzina IG, Atamas SP, Wise R, Wigley FM, White B. Global analysis of gene expression in unseparated and CD8+ cells from bronchoalveolar lavage of patients with scleroderma lung disease. Arthritis Res Ther 2001. [PMCID: PMC3273263 DOI: 10.1186/ar206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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167
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Yurovsky VV, White B. Effect of CD154-CD40 interactions on collagen production by fibroblasts. Arthritis Res Ther 2001. [PMCID: PMC3273301 DOI: 10.1186/ar231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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168
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Harwood J, Ground M, Buttner A, Gustafson DT, Hinchey MA, White B, Wydeven MS, Norris J. Clarifying language in a new curriculum. Nurse Educ 2001; 26:253-5. [PMID: 12141635 DOI: 10.1097/00006223-200111000-00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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169
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White B. Starting a revolution in office-based care. FAMILY PRACTICE MANAGEMENT 2001; 8:29-35. [PMID: 11685866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
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170
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Waite DC, Jacobson EW, Ennis FA, Edelman R, White B, Kammer R, Anderson C, Kensil CR. Three double-blind, randomized trials evaluating the safety and tolerance of different formulations of the saponin adjuvant QS-21. Vaccine 2001; 19:3957-67. [PMID: 11427271 DOI: 10.1016/s0264-410x(01)00142-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The effects of the adjuvant QS-21 in various formulations on immediate pain on injection after intramuscular injection were evaluated in three Phase I clinical trials in healthy adults. Each trial was designed as a double-blind, randomized, four-way or five-way cross-over study with each subject acting as his/her own control. In the first trial, four formulations designed to evaluate the effect of QS-21 or pH (over a range of 6--7.2) were evaluated: phosphate-buffered saline at pH 6.0 or 7.2, and 50 microg of QS-21 in phosphate-buffered saline at pH 6.0 or 7.2. Thirty-three volunteers received each of the four intramuscular injections in random order separated by approximately 1 week. The volunteers assessed the immediate injection pain from 0 to 10 (none to most pain). The data indicate that the presence of QS-21, but not pH, is associated with transient injection site pain. The second trial, which utilized the same design as the first trial, evaluated formulations of QS-21 in various excipients. Fifteen volunteers received phosphate-buffered saline, QS-21/PBS, QS-21/aluminum hydroxide, and QS-21/4 mg/ml of polysorbate 80. Polysorbate 80, but not aluminum hydroxide, reduced the mean pain score compared to QS-21/PBS. The third trial evaluated formulations of QS-21 in additional excipients. Fifteen volunteers received aluminum hydroxide (without QS-21), QS-21/PBS, QS-21/0.72% benzyl alcohol, QS-21/30 mg/ml of hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin, and QS-21/8-mg/ml of polysorbate 80. Benzyl alcohol, cyclodextrin, and the higher concentration of polysorbate 80 reduced the pain scores associated with QS-21. Hence, QS-21 is associated with injection pain in simple buffer formulations, but it is possible to improve the acceptability of QS-21-containing formulations through reformulation with certain excipients.
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171
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Furst DE, Clements PJ, Wong WK, Mayes MD, Wigley F, White B, Weisman M, Barr W, Moreland L, Martin R, Medsger TA, Steen V, Collier D, Weinstein A, Lally E, Varga J, Weiner SR, Andrews B, Abeles M, Peter JB, Seibold JR. Effects of the American College of Rheumatology systemic sclerosis trial guidelines on the nature of systemic sclerosis patients entering a clinical trial. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2001; 40:615-22. [PMID: 11426017 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/40.6.615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients entered into the d-penicillamine trial with SSc patients entered into previous controlled SSc trials. It was hypothesized that the d-penicillamine trial patients, who conformed to the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) guidelines for clinical trials in SSc were different from patients entered into previous trials. METHODS Patients entering a double-blind, randomized trial of low- vs high-dose d-penicillamine were described carefully and completely. Their characteristics were then compared with previously published data on SSc and its treatment. RESULTS One hundred and thirty-four patients had early [mean duration 9.5 (s.d. 4.2) months], diffuse [skin score 21 (8)] disease. Organ involvement in the patients was as follows: pulmonary 54%, cardiac 20%, joints 38%, muscular 20%. Thirty-three per cent had mild proteinuria and 13% were hypertensive when first seen. Compared with patients in most previous studies, these SSc patients had earlier disease and uniformly had diffuse disease. They had less muscular involvement, less dyspnoea, less abnormal pulmonary function and less cardiac and less renal involvement than patients in earlier studies. CONCLUSIONS The use of the new ACR guidelines for SSc trials may change the nature of patient populations entering future studies.
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172
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Tepperberg J, Pettenati MJ, Rao PN, Lese CM, Rita D, Wyandt H, Gersen S, White B, Schoonmaker MM. Prenatal diagnosis using interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH): 2-year multi-center retrospective study and review of the literature. Prenat Diagn 2001; 21:293-301. [PMID: 11288120 DOI: 10.1002/pd.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Since 1993, the position of the American College of Medical Genetics (ACMG) has been that prenatal interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is investigational. In 1997, the FDA cleared the AneuVysion assay (Vysis, Inc.) to enumerate chromosomes 13, 18, 21, X and Y for prenatal diagnosis. Data is presented from the clinical trial that led to regulatory clearance (1379 pregnancies) and from retrospective case review on 5197 new pregnancies. These studies demonstrated an extremely high concordance rate between FISH and standard cytogenetics (99.8%) for specific abnormalities that the AneuVysion assay is designed to detect. In 29 039 informative testing events (6576 new and 22 463 cases in the literature) only one false positive (false positive rate = 0.003%) and seven false negative results (false negative rate = 0.024%) occurred. A historical review of all known accounts of specimens tested is presented (29 039 using AneuVysion and 18 275 specimens tested with other probes). These performance characteristics support a prenatal management strategy that includes utilization of FISH for prenatal testing when a diagnosis of aneuploidy of chromosome 13, 18, 21, X or Y is highly suspected by virtue of maternal age, positive maternal serum biochemical screening or abnormal ultrasound findings.
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173
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Rosas V, Conte JV, Yang SC, Gaine SP, Borja M, Wigley FM, White B, Orens JB. Lung transplantation and systemic sclerosis. Ann Transplant 2001; 5:38-43. [PMID: 11147028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
We performed lung transplantation in nine patients with Scleroderma related lung disease. Patient characteristics included: 7 (78%) females, 6 (67%) with limited and 3 (33%) with diffuse Scleroderma. Pulmonary fibrosis was present in 7 (78%) and pulmonary hypertension in 4 (44%). All patients were carefully screened by the Johns Hopkins and University of Maryland Scleroderma Center and only referred for transplantation when concomitant renal insufficiency (creatinine clearance < or = 50 ml/min), aspiration, and skin brakdown were excluded. When compared to a similar group of transplant patients with nonscleroderma lung disease (primary pulmonary fibrosis), there was no significant difference in post-transplant survival at four years (76.2 +/- 0.15% vs. 69.2% +/- 0.12%), mean annual incidence rate for acute rejection (0.14 +/- 0.14 vs. 0.47 +/- 0.13) and infection (viral 0.17 +/- 0.17 vs. 0.29 +/- 0.11) (bacterial 0.17 +/- 0.17 vs. 1.4 +/- 0.4) (fungal 0.99 +/- 0.69 vs. 0.36 +/- 0.16) or serum creatinine (1.55 +/- 0.34 mg/dl vs. 1.15 +/- 0.09 mg/dl). We conclude that lung transplantation is viable option for carefully selected patients with scleroderma related lung disease.
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Clements PJ, Wong WK, Hurwitz EL, Furst DE, Mayes M, White B, Wigley F, Weisman M, Barr W, Moreland L, Medsger TA, Steen V, Martin RW, Collier D, Weinstein A, Lally E, Varga J, Weiner SR, Andrews B, Abeles M, Seibold JR. The Disability Index of the Health Assessment Questionnaire is a predictor and correlate of outcome in the high-dose versus low-dose penicillamine in systemic sclerosis trial. ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM 2001; 44:653-61. [PMID: 11263780 DOI: 10.1002/1529-0131(200103)44:3<653::aid-anr114>3.0.co;2-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the clinical implications of a score of > or =1.0 on the Disability Index of the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ DI) at the first patient visit, and to examine the implications of improvement in HAQ DI score over 2 years in a cohort of systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients with diffuse cutaneous scleroderma. METHODS SSc skin and visceral involvement was assessed in 134 SSc patients with diffuse scleroderma (mean +/- SD disease duration of 10 +/- 4 months) when they entered a multicenter drug trial and again 2 years later. Mortality and the occurrence of scleroderma renal crisis were assessed for a mean +/- SD of 4.0 +/- 1.1 years. Logistic and linear regression analyses were used to examine the relationship of the baseline HAQ DI score to morbidity, mortality, and visceral involvement, as well as the relationship of changes in the HAQ DI score to changes in physical examination, laboratory, and functional variables over 2 years. RESULTS A baseline HAQ DI score of > or =1.0 was predictive of mortality (odds ratio 3.22, 95% confidence interval 1.097-9.468) over 4 years. Multivariate linear regression demonstrated that a model which included the erythrocyte sedimentation rate at baseline (P = 0.005) and changes at 2 years in the swollen joint count (P = 0.002), total skin score (P = 0.005), and white blood cell count (P = 0.005) best explained the change in HAQ DI score over 2 years (R2 = 0.528). The HAQ DI score and total skin score at baseline were highly correlated (correlation coefficient 0.368), as were changes in the HAQ DI score and the total skin score over 2 years (correlation coefficient 0.492). Although the HAQ DI score was heavily influenced by hand dysfunction at baseline and at 2 years, improvement (reduction) in the HAQ DI score over 2 years was related to factors other than hand dysfunction. CONCLUSION A baseline HAQ DI score of > or =1.0 predicted mortality over 4 years. Improvement in the HAQ DI score in these patients with diffuse scleroderma was associated with improvement in skin thickening, hand function, oral aperture, lung function, signs of arthritis, serum creatinine level, and the investigator's global assessment of improvement. The HAQ DI is a self-administered questionnaire that SSc patients can complete easily and rapidly and that gives the practicing physician important information about prognosis, patient status, and changes in disease course over time.
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White B. Early Trombicula autumnalis infection. Vet Rec 2001; 148:188. [PMID: 11258737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
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