151
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Anderson K, Sizovs A, Cortez M, Waldron C, Haddleton DM, Reineke TM. Effects of trehalose polycation end-group functionalization on plasmid DNA uptake and transfection. Biomacromolecules 2012; 13:2229-39. [PMID: 22616977 DOI: 10.1021/bm300471n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we have synthesized six analogs of a trehalose-pentaethylenehexamine glycopolymer (Tr4) that contain (1A) adamantane, (1B) carboxy, (1C) alkynyl-oligoethyleneamine, (1D) azido trehalose, (1E) octyl, or (1F) oligoethyleneamine end groups and evaluated the effects of polymer end group chemistry on the ability of these systems to bind, compact, and deliver pDNA to cultured HeLa cells. The polymers were synthesized in one-pot azide-alkyne cycloaddition reactions with an adaptation of the Carothers equation for step-growth polymerization to produce a series of polymers with similar degrees of polymerization. An excess of end-capping monomer was added at the end of the polymerizations to maximize functionalization efficiency, which was evaluated with GPC, NMR, and MALDI-TOF. The polymers were all found to bind and compact pDNA at similarly low N/P ratios and form polyplexes with plasmid DNA. The effects of the different end group structures were most evident in the polyplex internalization and transfection assays in the presence of serum as determined by flow cytometry and luciferase gene expression, respectively. The Tr4 polymers end-capped with carboxyl groups (1B) (N/P = 7), octyne (1E) (N/P = 7), and oligoethyleneamine (1F) (N/P = 7), were taken into cells as polyplex and exhibited the highest levels of fluorescence, resulting from labeled plasmid. Similarly, the polymers end-functionalized with carboxyl groups (1E at N/P = 7), octyl groups (1E at N/P = 15), and in particular oligoethyleneamine groups (1F at N/P = 15) yielded dramatically higher reporter gene expression in the presence of serum. This study yields insight into how very subtle structural changes in polymer chemistry, such as end groups can yield very significant differences in the biological delivery efficiency and transgene expression of polymers used for pDNA delivery.
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152
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Richards SJ, Jones MW, Hunaban M, Haddleton DM, Gibson MI. Probing Bacterial-Toxin Inhibition with Synthetic Glycopolymers Prepared by Tandem Post-Polymerization Modification: Role of Linker Length and Carbohydrate Density. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201202945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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153
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Richards SJ, Jones MW, Hunaban M, Haddleton DM, Gibson MI. Probing Bacterial-Toxin Inhibition with Synthetic Glycopolymers Prepared by Tandem Post-Polymerization Modification: Role of Linker Length and Carbohydrate Density. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:7812-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201202945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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154
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O'Connell MA, de Cuendias A, Gayet F, Shirley IM, Mackenzie SR, Haddleton DM, Unwin PR. Evanescent wave cavity ring-down spectroscopy (EW-CRDS) as a probe of macromolecule adsorption kinetics at functionalized interfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:6902-6910. [PMID: 22489550 DOI: 10.1021/la3006053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Evanescent wave cavity ring-down spectroscopy (EW-CRDS) has been employed to study the interfacial adsorption kinetics of coumarin-tagged macromolecules onto a range of functionalized planar surfaces. Such studies are valuable in designing polymers for complex systems where the degree of interaction between the polymer and surface needs to be tailored. Three tagged synthetic polymers with different functionalities are examined: poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), poly(3-sulfopropyl methacrylate, potassium salt) (PSPMA), and a mannose-modified glycopolymer. Adsorption transients at the silica/water interface are found to be characteristic for each polymer, and kinetics are deduced from the initial rates. The chemistry of the adsorption interfaces has been varied by, first, manipulation of silica surface chemistry via the bulk pH, followed by surfaces modified by poly(L-glutamic acid) (PGA) and cellulose, giving five chemically different surfaces. Complementary atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging has been used for additional surface characterization of adsorbed layers and functionalized interfaces to allow adsorption rates to be interpreted more fully. Adsorption rates for PSPMA and the glycopolymer are seen to be highly surface sensitive, with significantly higher rates on cellulose-modified surfaces, whereas PAA shows a much smaller rate dependence on the nature of the adsorption surface.
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155
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Jones MW, Mantovani G, Blindauer CA, Ryan SM, Wang X, Brayden DJ, Haddleton DM. Direct peptide bioconjugation/PEGylation at tyrosine with linear and branched polymeric diazonium salts. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:7406-13. [PMID: 22494012 DOI: 10.1021/ja211855q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Direct polymer conjugation at peptide tyrosine residues is described. In this study Tyr residues of both leucine enkephalin and salmon calcitonin (sCT) were targeted using appropriate diazonium salt-terminated linear monomethoxy poly(ethylene glycol)s (mPEGs) and poly(mPEG) methacrylate prepared by atom transfer radical polymerization. Judicious choice of the reaction conditions-pH, stoichiometry, and chemical structure of diazonium salt-led to a high degree of site-specificity in the conjugation reaction, even in the presence of competitive peptide amino acid targets such as histidine, lysines, and N-terminal amine. In vitro studies showed that conjugation of mPEG(2000) to sCT did not affect the peptide's ability to increase intracellular cAMP induced in T47D human breast cancer cells bearing sCT receptors. Preliminary in vivo investigation showed preserved ability to reduce [Ca(2+)] plasma levels by mPEG(2000)-sCT conjugate in rat animal models.
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156
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Gou Y, Slavin S, Geng J, Voorhaar L, Haddleton DM, Becer CR. Controlled Alternate Layer-by-Layer Assembly of Lectins and Glycopolymers Using QCM-D. ACS Macro Lett 2012; 1:180-183. [PMID: 35578475 DOI: 10.1021/mz200063r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly of concanavalin A (Con A), peanut agglutinin (PNA) plant lectins, and well-defined synthetic glycopolymers via their biological affinities have been prepared using a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D). We demonstrate the use of mannose/galactose glycopolymers as lectin binders due to their selective binding to Con A/PNA, respectively. A detailed analysis of the adsorption processes and the adsorbed layer are provided and tuning the composition of multilayers using a series of well-defined glycopolymers differing only in the pendant sugar ratio is discussed.
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157
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Robin MP, Jones MW, Haddleton DM, O’Reilly RK. Dibromomaleimide End Functional Polymers by RAFT Polymerization Without the Need of Protecting Groups. ACS Macro Lett 2012; 1:222-226. [PMID: 35578484 DOI: 10.1021/mz200164x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Polymers bearing the dibromomaleimide (DBM) group as a functional chain end have been synthesized by RAFT polymerization. A DBM functional chain transfer agent (CTA) was utilized to afford well-defined PtBA, PMA, and PTEGA, without the requirement of protecting group chemistry. It was found that RAFT polymerization of NIPAM and styrene with this CTA was severely retarded/inhibited which is ascribed to their relatively low propagation rate constants compared to acrylates. This observation is accounted for by a reversible trapping of propagating radicals by the DBM group in RAFT polymerizations using a monomer with low kp. However, further attempts to synthesize DBM-terminated PtBA and PMA by ATRP using an analogous initiator were unsuccessful, and broad PDI were observed. Furthermore, highly efficient postpolymerization functionalization of DBM-terminated PMA produced by RAFT, with the model compound thiophenol was also demonstrated.
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158
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Jones MW, Strickland RA, Schumacher FF, Caddick S, Baker JR, Gibson MI, Haddleton DM. Polymeric Dibromomaleimides As Extremely Efficient Disulfide Bridging Bioconjugation and Pegylation Agents. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:1847-52. [DOI: 10.1021/ja210335f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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159
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Slavin S, Khoshdel E, Haddleton DM. Biological surface modification by ‘thiol-ene’ addition of polymers synthesised by catalytic chain transfer polymerisation (CCTP). Polym Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2py20040f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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160
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Rayner G, Smith T, Barton W, Newton M, Deeth RJ, Prokes I, Clarkson GJ, Haddleton DM. A comparison of verdazyl radicals modified at the 3-position as mediators in the living radical polymerisation of styrene and n-butyl acrylate. Polym Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2py20217d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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161
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Zhang Q, Li GZ, Becer CR, Haddleton DM. Cyclodextrin-centred star polymers synthesized via a combination of thiol-ene click and ring opening polymerization. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:8063-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc33742h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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162
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Gou Y, Richards SJ, Haddleton DM, Gibson MI. Investigation of glycopolymer–lectin interactions using QCM-d: comparison of surface binding with inhibitory activity. Polym Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2py20140b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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163
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Jones MW, Strickland RA, Schumacher FF, Caddick S, Baker JR, Gibson MI, Haddleton DM. Highly efficient disulfide bridging polymers for bioconjugates from radical-compatible dithiophenol maleimides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:4064-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc30259d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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164
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Zhang Q, Slavin S, Jones MW, Haddleton AJ, Haddleton DM. Terminal functional glycopolymers via a combination of catalytic chain transfer polymerisation (CCTP) followed by three consecutive click reactions. Polym Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2py20013a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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165
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Wiggins KM, Syrett JA, Haddleton DM, Bielawski CW. Mechanically Facilitated Retro [4 + 2] Cycloadditions. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:7180-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja201135y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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166
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167
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Haddleton DM, Maloney DR, Suddaby KG, Muir AVG, Richards SN. Catalytic chain transfer polymerisation (cctp) of methyl methacrylate: Effect of catalyst structure and reaction conditions on chain transfer coefficient. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.19961110106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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168
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Haddleton DM, Muir AVG, O'Donnell JP, Richards SN, Twose DL. Synthesis of homopolymers and block copolymers of methacrylates using a mixed Al/Li alkyl initiator. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.19950910110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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169
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Crossman MC, Haddleton DM. Synthesis of homo- amd block copolymer multi-armed methacrylic star polymers by triisobutylaluminium/tert
-butlyllithium initiation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.19981320118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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170
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Haddleton DM, And KHH, Crossman MC. Effect of the nature of the alkyl group on initiation and termination in R3
Al/RLi initiation of methyl methacrylate. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.19961070117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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171
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Levere ME, Willoughby I, O'Donohue S, Wright PM, Grice AJ, Fidge C, Remzi Becer C, Haddleton DM. Cu(0) mediated polymerization in toluene using online rapid GPC monitoring. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.24595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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172
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Slavin S, De Cuendias A, Ladmiral V, Haddleton DM. Biotin functionalized poly(sulfonic acid)s for bioconjugation:
In situ
binding monitoring by QCM‐D. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.24532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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173
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Middleton H, Tempelaar S, Haddleton DM, Dove AP. Organocatalytic synthesis of astaxanthin-containing poly(lactide)s. Polym Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0py00227e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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174
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Vinson N, Gou Y, Becer CR, Haddleton DM, Gibson MI. Optimised ‘click’ synthesis of glycopolymers with mono/di- and trisaccharides. Polym Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0py00260g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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175
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Soeriyadi AH, Li GZ, Slavin S, Jones MW, Amos CM, Becer CR, Whittaker MR, Haddleton DM, Boyer C, Davis TP. Synthesis and modification of thermoresponsive poly(oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate) via catalytic chain transfer polymerization and thiol–ene Michael addition. Polym Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0py00372g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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