151
|
Daloze PM, Huguet C, Porter KA, Starzl TE. Auxiliary homotransplantation of the canine liver with the use of a "reverse" Welch technique. Surgery 1968; 64:934-9. [PMID: 4879939 PMCID: PMC2954777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
152
|
Fulginiti VA, Scribner R, Groth CG, Putnam CW, Brettschneider L, Gilbert S, Porter KA, Starzl TE. Infections in recipients of liver homografts. N Engl J Med 1968; 279:619-26. [PMID: 4299208 PMCID: PMC2772060 DOI: 10.1056/nejm196809192791202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Seventeen patients received liver homografts between 1963 and May, 1968. The eight treated before July, 1967, died within 34 days; seven had progressive infections with gram-negative bacilli, Candida albicans and cytomegalovirus. The infections were similar to but more fulminating than those after renal homotransplantation. In nine later cases, there was more discriminating donor selection, improved immunosuppression, and better organ preservation. In the first five of these nine patients, all infants, lobar hepatic gangrene apparently secondary to delayed right hepatic arterial thrombosis developed. Two died within a few days, two and three and a half months after transplantation. The three who did not die immediately subsequently had multiple bacteremias, fungemias and cytomegalovirus pulmonary infections. One of these children is alive twelve months after transplantation; the others died after four and a half and six months. In contrast, the last four patients, in whom septic liver infarctions were avoided, have been free of serious infections for two to five and a half months.
Collapse
|
153
|
Starzl TE, Groth CG, Brettschneider L, Penn I, Fulginiti VA, Moon JB, Blanchard H, Martin AJ, Porter KA. Orthotopic homotransplantation of the human liver. Ann Surg 1968; 168:392-415. [PMID: 4877589 PMCID: PMC1387344 DOI: 10.1097/00000658-196809000-00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 420] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
154
|
Hutchison DE, Genton E, Porter KA, Daloze PM, Huguet C, Brettschneider L, Groth CG, Starzl TE. Platelet changes following clinical and experimental hepatic homotransplantation. ARCHIVES OF SURGERY (CHICAGO, ILL. : 1960) 1968; 97:27-33. [PMID: 4232038 PMCID: PMC2975382 DOI: 10.1001/archsurg.1968.01340010057003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
155
|
Groth CG, Porter KA, Daloze PM, Huguet C, Smith GV, Brettschneider L, Starzl TE. Effect of ribonucleic acid perfusion on canine kidney and liver homograft survival. Surgery 1968; 64:31-8. [PMID: 4872766 PMCID: PMC2958524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
156
|
Groth CG, Porter KA, Otte JB, Daloze PM, Marchioro TL, Brettschneider L, Starzl TE. Studies of blood flow and ultrastructural changes in rejecting and nonrejecting canine orthotopic liver homografts. Surgery 1968; 63:658-68. [PMID: 4868849 PMCID: PMC2978520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
157
|
Starzl TE, Groth CG, Brettschneider L, Moon JB, Fulginiti VA, Cotton EK, Porter KA. Extended survival in 3 cases of orthotopic homotransplantation of the human liver. Surgery 1968; 63:549-63. [PMID: 4171413 PMCID: PMC2964132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
158
|
Porter KA, Andres GA, Calder MW, Dossetor JB, Hsu KC, Rendall JM, Seegal BC, Starzl TE. Human renal transplants. II. Immunofluorescent and immunoferritin studies. J Transl Med 1968; 18:159-71. [PMID: 4171297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
|
159
|
Ogden DA, Porter KA, Terasaki PI, Marchioro TL, Holmes JH, Starzl TE. Chronic renal homograft function: correlation with histology and lymphocyte antigen matching. Am J Med 1967; 43:837-45. [PMID: 4862761 PMCID: PMC2965524 DOI: 10.1016/0002-9343(67)90242-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Renal function was studied in twenty-nine of thirty-four surviving renal allograft recipients from an initial group of sixty-four patients two years after transplantation. Mean clearances of inulin and PAH were, respectively, greater than and equal to half the donors’ initial predicted clearances. Minimum urine osmolality during water diuresis was greater, and maximum urine osmolality during hydropenia was less than normal, an effect attributable partly to enhanced solute load in a single transplanted kidney. Patients with compatible donor-recipient lymphocyte antigens demonstrated statistically better function than those with one or more incompatibilities, although there was a definite degree of overlap between the two groups. In contrast, little correlation could be demonstrated between the cumulative histopathology and renal clearances. Renal function in patients with compatible donors was statistically greater than half the donors’ initial predicted function. Serial increase in renal clearances was documented in one patient with a compatible donor. Serial decreases were demonstrated in two patients with incompatible donors. These findings suggest that hypertrophy of the denervated, transplanted kidney occurs when immune reaction is minimal.
Collapse
|
160
|
Starzl TE, Marchioro TL, Hutchinson DE, Porter KA, Cerilli GJ, Brettschneider L. The clinical use of antilymphocyte globulin in renal homotransplantation. Transplantation 1967; 5:Suppl:1100-5. [PMID: 4167452 PMCID: PMC2972706 DOI: 10.1097/00007890-196707001-00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Twenty patients were treated with antilymphocyte globulin (ALG) which was prepared from the serum of immunized horses. The ALG was used as an adjuvant to azathioprine and prednisone and its use limited to 4 months. The surviving patients are now 1 to 7 months postoperative. There was 1 death, the consequence of a technical accident. The function in the remaining 19 patients is excellent, despite reduced doses of azathioprine and especially prednisone. Biopsies were obtained in the first 8 consecutive cases from 108 to 145 days after operation. There was no evidence in the specimens of either Masugi-like or serum sickness nephritis.
Collapse
|
161
|
Abstract
The feasibility of hepatic homotransplantation has been clearly established in principle inasmuch as several animals are still alive almost 3 years after complete hepatectomy and liver replacement. Both orthotopic and auxiliary operations are complicated surgical techniques. Nevertheless, the results in dogs are comparable to those which can be obtained with homotransplantation of the kidney. In man the problem is more difficult. In patients who have a need for such operations, there is invariably a metabolic disorder more complex than that caused by renal failure. In addition, the new organ must function efficiently from the beginning since its complete functional failure leads to death within a few hours. There is no recourse to an artificial liver to maintain life until the reversal of an injury which is caused by either ischemia or rejection. Nevertheless, research of several kinds may soon make possible the successful use of hepatic transplantation procedures for the definitive treatment of human liver disease as exemplified by the reports in this symposium concerning new techniques of organ preservation, histocompatibility analysis, and immunosuppression.
Collapse
|
162
|
Marchioro TL, Porter KA, Brown BI, Otte JB, Starzl TE. The effect of partial portacaval transposition on the canine liver. Surgery 1967; 61:723-32. [PMID: 4290396 PMCID: PMC2987747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
163
|
Starzl TE, Marchioro TL, Porter KA, Iwasaki Y, Cerilli GJ. The use of heterologous antilymphoid agents in canine renal and liver homotransplantation and in human renal homotransplantation. SURGERY, GYNECOLOGY & OBSTETRICS 1967; 124:301-8. [PMID: 4163340 PMCID: PMC2675827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
164
|
Porter KA, Dossetor JB, Marchioro TL, Peart WS, Rendall JM, Starzl TE, Terasaki PI. Human renal transplants. I. Glomerular changes. J Transl Med 1967; 16:153-81. [PMID: 5336793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
|
165
|
Halgrimson CG, Marchioro TL, Faris TD, Porter KA, Peters GN, Starzl TE. Auxiliary liver transplantation: effects of host portacaval shunt. Transplantation 1967. [DOI: 10.1097/00007890-196701000-00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
166
|
Iwasaki Y, Porter KA, Amend JR, Marchioro TL, Zühlke V, Starzl TE. The preparation and testing of horse antidog and antihuman antilymphoid plasma or serum and its protein fractions. SURGERY, GYNECOLOGY & OBSTETRICS 1967; 124:1-24. [PMID: 6016025 PMCID: PMC2682216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
167
|
Starzl TE, Marchioro TL, Faris TD, Hutt MP, Carey TA, Ogden DA, Waddell WR, Porter KA. THE PROBLEMS AND PROGNOSIS OF THE CHRONICALLY SURVIVING PATIENT AFTER RENAL HOMOTRANSPLANTATION. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1966; 129:598-614. [PMID: 21188299 PMCID: PMC3005368 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1966.tb12882.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
168
|
Terasaki PI, Vredevoe DL, Porter KA, Mickey MR, Marchioro TL, Faris TD, Herrmann TJ, Starzl TE. Serotyping for homotransplantation. V. Evaluation of a matching scheme. Transplantation 1966; 4:688-99. [PMID: 4866724 PMCID: PMC3008207 DOI: 10.1097/00007890-196611000-00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
An attempt was made to determine whether 36 long-term kidney homograft recipients and their donors were compatible for 7 major leukocyte groups. It was found that 21 of these recipients were surviving 2 to 3 years in spite of incompatibility for 1 or 2 major leukocyte antigens. Survival of mismatched grafts does not itself indicate that the antigens being measured are not transplantation antigens, for it was shown that the 15 recipients with no groups of mismatch were clinically superior to those with group incompatibilities. Moreover, histopathologic scores given to biopsy specimens taken 2 to 3 years after transplantation were significantly correlated with the number of group mismatches. Because the leukocyte groups were determined by cytotoxicity reactions of peripheral blood lymphocytes, the results may have been influenced considerably by chimerism in chronically dialyzed uremic patients or change in lymphocyte antigenicity or susceptibility to lysis upon prolonged immunosuppressive treatment. Although the possibility of these complications could not be ruled out in all instances, it was shown that 52 dialyzed uremic patients and 49 patients who had been treated with immunosuppression for over 1 year did not possess more or less antigens than a random population of normal individuals. It is concluded that: (1) the major leukocyte antigens are histocompatibility antigens and (2) since survival can be attained at times despite mismatches for these groups, the antigens are of intermediate strength and kidney homograft rejection may occur if excessive numbers of antigens are incompatible or if particular combinations of antigens are mismatched.
Collapse
|
169
|
Halgrimson CG, Marchioro TL, Faris TD, Porter KA, Peters GN, Starzl TE. Auxiliary liver transplantation: effect of host portacaval shunt. Experimental and clinical observations. ARCHIVES OF SURGERY (CHICAGO, ILL. : 1960) 1966; 93:107-18. [PMID: 5327725 PMCID: PMC2962590 DOI: 10.1001/archsurg.1966.01330010109014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
170
|
Huntley RT, Taylor PD, Iwasaki Y, Marchioro TL, Jeejeebhoy H, Porter KA, Starzl TE. Use of anti-lymphocyte serum to prolong dog homograft survival. SURGICAL FORUM 1966; 17:230-3. [PMID: 5331810 PMCID: PMC2991112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
171
|
Starzl TE, Marchioro TL, Porter KA. Progress in homotransplantation of the liver. Adv Surg 1966; 2:295-370. [PMID: 5333482 PMCID: PMC2975435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
172
|
Mowbray JF, Cohen SL, Doak PB, Kenyon JR, Owen K, Percival A, Porter KA, Peart WS. Human cadaveric renal transplantation. Report of twenty cases. BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL 1965; 2:1387-94. [PMID: 5321518 PMCID: PMC1847245 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.2.5475.1387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
173
|
Starzl TE, Marchioro TL, Terasaki PI, Porter KA, Faris TD, Herrmann TJ, Vredevoe DL, Hutt MP, Ogden DA, Waddell WR. Chronic survival after human renal homotransplantation. Lymphocyte-antigen matching, pathology and influence of thymectomy. Ann Surg 1965; 162:749-87. [PMID: 5319400 PMCID: PMC1476959 DOI: 10.1097/00000658-196510000-00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
174
|
Starzl TE, Marchioro TL, Porter KA. Experimental and clinical observations after homotransplantation of the whole liver. REVUE INTERNATIONALE D'HEPATOLOGIE 1965; 15:1447-80. [PMID: 5327193 PMCID: PMC2966314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
During the past 10 years, much has been learned about homotransplantation of the whole liver using either a replacement (orthotopic) homograft or an auxiliary organ which is inserted at an ectopic site without removal of the recipient’s own liver. The available information concerning these operations has been reviewed from animal experiments, and from the handful of attempts at clinical application.
Collapse
|
175
|
Marchioro TL, Porter KA, Brown BI, Faris TD, Herrmann TJ, Sudweeks A, Starzl TE. The specific influence of nonhepatic splanchnic venous blood flow on the liver. SURGICAL FORUM 1965; 16:280-2. [PMID: 5835158 PMCID: PMC2993570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|