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Müller TJ, Braun R, Ansorge M. A novel three-component one-pot pyrimidine synthesis based upon a coupling-isomerization sequence. Org Lett 2000; 2:1967-70. [PMID: 10891203 DOI: 10.1021/ol006046e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] 2,4,6-Tri(hetero)aryl-substituted pyrimidines can be readily synthesized in a three-component one-pot process based upon a coupling-isomerization sequence of an electron-poor (hetero)aryl halide and a terminal propargyl alcohol subsequently followed by a cyclocondensation with amidinium salts.
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Braun R, Schwarz T, Fröhlich E, Hassler D. [Viewpoint. The new infection protection law--a help or a hurdle?]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2000; 125:A7-8. [PMID: 10916492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
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153
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Dotterud LK, Braun R. [UV-B comb versus betamethasone solution in scalp psoriasis]. TIDSSKRIFT FOR DEN NORSKE LEGEFORENING 2000; 120:1858-9. [PMID: 10925612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of a UV-B-comb on scalp psoriasis versus betamethasone valerate solution. MATERIAL AND METHODS Of 44 adult patients with scalp psoriasis, 22 were treated with a dermalight 80 psoracomb and 22 with betamethasone valerate solution, five times a week for three weeks. RESULTS No difference in effect was found at the end of treatment. Two weeks after end of treatment a higher proportion of patients treated with UV-B-comb (7/22) had remained in remission than those treated with betamethasone valerate solution (3/22; p < 0.05). INTERPRETATION Treatment with a UV-B-comb offers a good alternative to topical corticosteroids for patients with scalp psoriasis.
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Morken T, Helland S, Austad J, Braun R, Falk ES. [Epicutaneous tests in suspected adverse reactions to dental material]. TIDSSKRIFT FOR DEN NORSKE LEGEFORENING 2000; 120:1554-6. [PMID: 10970233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
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155
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Kroegel C, Foerster M, Häfner D, Grahmann PR, Warner JA, Braun R. Putting priming into perspective - from cellular heterogeneity to cellular plasticity. IMMUNOLOGY TODAY 2000; 21:218-22. [PMID: 10782052 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-5699(00)01597-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The concept of priming is widely used in cell biology and has come to mean the functional enhancement of a given cell by cytokines. 'Primed' cells have a number of other cellular alterations, although the relationship between functional and phenotypical diversity has not been established. Here, Claus Kroegel and colleagues discuss the dynamic nature of inflammatory-cell priming, which might be part of a broader means of comprehending cell function in disease.
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Braun R, Arechalde A, French LE. Reversible ascending motor neuropathy as a side effect of systemic treatment with ciclosporine for nodular prurigo. Dermatology 2000; 199:372-3. [PMID: 10640856 DOI: 10.1159/000018297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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157
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Dewhirst M, Walenta S, Snyder S, Mueller-Klieser W, Braun R, Chance B. Tissue gradients of energy metabolites mirror oxygen tension gradients in a rat mammary carcinoma model. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0360-3016(00)80059-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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French LE, Braun R, Masouyé I, Ramelet AA, Humbert PG, Saurat JH. Post-stripping sclerodermiform dermatitis. ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGY 1999; 135:1387-91. [PMID: 10566839 DOI: 10.1001/archderm.135.11.1387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cutaneous sclerosis, a process that results in hardening of the skin, is the hallmark of scleroderma and sclerodermoid disorders. Cutaneous sclerosis is usually classified as secondary or primary, depending on the presence or absence of underlying diseases. Primary cutaneous sclerosis is a feature of idiopathic inflammatory processes that are often associated with autoimmune disorders, whereas secondary cutaneous sclerosis arises in the context of many pathological processes of varying causes, including chronic graft-vs-host disease, defined metabolic or genetic disorders, and exposure to certain infectious organisms, drugs, or chemicals. OBSERVATIONS Three patients had localized cutaneous sclerosis overlying the site of a surgically removed (stripped) great saphenous vein. In all 3 patients, lesions were clinically characterized by multiple hypopigmented and indurated plaques distributed linearly along the path of the preexisting vein. Extensive history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests did not reveal known predisposing factors for cutaneous sclerosis. CONCLUSIONS Although the observed association of sclerodermiform dermatitis and venous stripping in these 3 patients does not imply a causal relationship, the absence of other identifiable predisposing factors and the striking linear distribution of the cutaneous lesions along the path of the preexisting vein are suggestive. This poststripping sclerodermiform dermatitis may be a rare late complication of saphenous vein stripping.
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161
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Minning DM, Gow AJ, Bonaventura J, Braun R, Dewhirst M, Goldberg DE, Stamler JS. Ascaris haemoglobin is a nitric oxide-activated 'deoxygenase'. Nature 1999; 401:497-502. [PMID: 10519555 DOI: 10.1038/46822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The parasitic nematode Ascaris lumbricoides infects one billion people worldwide. Its perienteric fluid contains an octameric haemoglobin that binds oxygen nearly 25,000 times more tightly than does human haemoglobin. Despite numerous investigations, the biological function of this molecule has remained elusive. The distal haem pocket contains a metal, oxygen and thiol, all of which are known to be reactive with nitric oxide. Here we show that Ascaris haemoglobin enzymatically consumes oxygen in a reaction driven by nitric oxide, thus keeping the perienteric fluid hypoxic. The mechanism of this reaction involves unprecedented chemistry of a haem group, a thiol and nitric oxide. We propose that Ascaris haemoglobin functions as a 'deoxygenase', using nitric oxide to detoxify oxygen. The structural and functional adaptations of Ascaris haemoglobin suggest that the molecular evolution of haemoglobin can be rationalized by its nitric oxide related functions.
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Alter HJ, Braun R, Zazzali JL. Health status disparities among public and private emergency department patients. Acad Emerg Med 1999; 6:736-43. [PMID: 10433535 DOI: 10.1111/j.1553-2712.1999.tb00445.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore whether patients in a public ED had poorer health than patients in a private ED, the authors compared the physical and mental health statuses of patients seeking emergency care. METHODS A cross-sectional observational study of all adult patients, regardless of acuity, seen during two 24-hour periods in spring 1997 in an urban county trauma center (68,000 annual visits) and a private community ED (35,000 annual visits). Scores on the Physical Component Summary (PCS) and the Mental Component Summary (MCS) scales of the Medical Outcomes Study 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12) were compared between sites, with published national norms, and with hospital admission. RESULTS Of 571 eligible patients, 392 (69%) completed the SF-12. Patients in the public ED had a mean PCS score of 40.1, compared with 43.7 for patients in the private ED, for a difference of 3.6 points (p < 0.01; 95% CI = 0.9 to 6.1). After controlling for age, sex, ethnicity, triage acuity, ambulance arrival, and insurance status, this difference increased to 3.9 points (p = 0.02; 95% CI = 0.7 to 7.0). The mean MCS score among public ED patients was 44.1, compared with 46.5 in the private ED population, for a difference of 2.4 (p = 0.08; 95% CI = -0.3 to 5.0); after adjustment this difference increased to 2.5 (p = 0.15; 95% CI = -0.9 to 5.8), but remained statistically not significant. While all scores were significantly lower than national norms (mean PCS 50.1, mean MCS 50.0), patients in the public ED scored consistently lowest. PCS score was significantly inversely correlated with admission, with each point decrease in PCS score increasing the odds of admission by 0.05 (95% CI = 0.01 to 0.08), and conferring an odds ratio of 5.1 (95% CI = 1.2 to 21.1) for admission among the 25th percentile for PCS scores. CONCLUSIONS Patients seeking care in the public ED had lower adjusted physical health status scores than comparable patients obtaining care in a private ED. The SF-12 is sufficiently responsive to detect hypothesized differences between ED populations, and correlates well with admission decisions.
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Allart J, Malafosse F, Adle F, Dufêtre C, Sibella P, Tesquier L, Braun R. R-072. Late luteal phase low-dose protocols improve results with patients who failed with classical follicular long protocols in assisted reproduction technology. Hum Reprod 1999. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/14.suppl_3.310-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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164
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Holubar P, Andorfer C, Braun R. Effects of nitrogen limitation on biofilm formation in a hydrocarbon-degrading trickle-bed filter. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 1999; 51:536-40. [PMID: 10341437 DOI: 10.1007/s002530051430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The effect of nitrogen limitation on young and mature steady-state biofilm in a trickle-bed filter was studied. Toluene and n-heptane were the sole carbon source. Biomass concentration, respiration, substrate-induced respiration, metabolic quotient, and total hydrocarbon degradation efficiency were measured. The aim of the experiment was to control excess biomass production in the trickle-bed filter by limiting the mineral nutrients and to achieve increased mineralization of the carbon source. Biofilm growth responded strongly to the amount of available nitrogen, whereas hydrocarbon degradation efficiency reached a maximum of 60% and could not be increased even by further addition of nitrogen. The experiments showed that 95% of the adsorbed carbon was mineralized completely and only 5% was used for biofilm formation. This complete mineralization can also be concluded from the metabolic quotient. The value of the latter was about 6-10 mg CO2-C g-1 Cmic h-1, indicating an expanded energy demand due to stress effects in the presence of nutrient deficiency. It was postulated that determination of the metabolic quotient could be an simple instrument to measure the rate of mineralization of carbon sources and also the rate of biomass formation in trickle-bed filters or biofilters.
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Braun R, Casson BD, Bain CD, van der Ham EWM, Vrehen QHF, Eliel ER, Briggs AM, Davies PB. Sum-frequency generation from thiophenol on silver in the mid and far-IR. J Chem Phys 1999. [DOI: 10.1063/1.478345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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166
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Wright P, Braun R, Babiuk L, Littel-van den Hurk SD, Moyana T, Zheng C, Chen Y, Xiang J. Adenovirus-mediated TNF-alpha gene transfer induces significant tumor regression in mice. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 1999; 14:49-57. [PMID: 10850287 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.1999.14.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant adenovirus vectors are highly efficient at in vitro and in vivo gene delivery. The in vitro infection of a mouse colon adenocarcinoma cell line MCA-26 with the adenovirus AdV-LacZ can reach a maximal 75% of infectivity at an MOI of 1000. Intratumoral injection of AdV-LacZ (2X10(9) pfu) resulted in substantial gene transfer in nearly 70% of MCA-26 tumors. After the in vitro infection of AdV-TNF-alpha, infected MCA-26 cells showed significant secretion of TNF-alpha (45 ng/ml/10(6) cells) in tissue culture. The secretion peaks at day 2 and is diminished at day 4 following the viral infection. Infected MCA-26 tumor cells secreting TNF-alpha significantly reduced their tumorigenicity in syngeneic BALB/c mice. In mice bearing small tumors, intratumoral injection of 2X10(9) pfu of AdV-TNF-alpha virus with a repeated booster treatment resulted in complete regression of three tumors and significant diminution of the other two with a mean tumor-weight of 0.16 g; this is in contrast to 0.85 and 1.62 g for tumors injected with the control AdV-pLpA and PBS respectively (p < 0.01). Mice with complete tumor regression further developed protective immunity against the second challenge of MCA-26 inoculation. In mice bearing large tumors, this treatment also caused significant inhibition of tumor growth with a mean tumor weight of 0.65 g vis-a-vis 3.05 g for tumors injected with the control AdV-pLpA. On the contrary, in mice bearing large tumors, the treatment of tumors with pCI-TNF-alpha delivered by the gene gun did not induce significant tumor inhibition. These results indicate that the adenoviral delivery of TNF-alpha gene is more efficient than the particle-mediated gene gun device, and that adenovirus-mediated cytokine gene therapy may be a useful approach in the clinical management of human solid tumors.
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Babiuk LA, Lewis J, van den Hurk S, Braun R. DNA immunization: present and future. ADVANCES IN VETERINARY MEDICINE 1999; 41:163-79. [PMID: 9890016 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-3519(99)80015-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Li C, Huang Q, Hu J, Zhang R, Lohr F, Braun R, Lanzen J, Turnage J, Dewhirst M. 2039 A hyperthermia-regulated gene therapy approach for cancer treatment. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0360-3016(99)90309-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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169
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Kaz A, Snyder S, Braun R, Rosner G, Pulowski J, Bonaventura J, Stamler J, Tozer G, Wilson H, Dewhirst M. 2005 S-nitrosohemoglobin modifies blood flow in rat mammary adenocarcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0360-3016(99)90275-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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170
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Braun R, Babiuk LA. Compatibility of plasmids expressing different antigens in a single DNA vaccine formulation. J Gen Virol 1998; 79 ( Pt 12):2965-70. [PMID: 9880010 DOI: 10.1099/0022-1317-79-12-2965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
One anticipated advantage of DNA immunization is the potential to create multivalent vaccines. We have examined the effects of mixing plasmids into single formulations using plasmids expressing four different membrane bound glycoproteins from bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1), bovine parainfluenzavirus-3 (bPI3) and human influenza virus (HINF). Plasmids were delivered by intradermal injection into the tails of mice and the types of responses generated were clearly affected by the expressed antigen. Plasmids expressing glycoproteins B and D of BHV-1, and the haemagglutinin/ neuraminidase of bPI3, generated responses with a predominance of IgG1, suggestive of a Th2 type of response. In contrast, the plasmid expressing HINF haemagglutinin induced an antibody response biased towards IgG2a, indicating a Th1 type of response. In most instances the mixing of plasmids had only slight effects on the magnitude or bias of the responses to the individual components. However, under certain conditions we found that addition of a second plasmid converted an IgG2a biased response to a response with primarily IgG1 antibody. The reverse situation (i.e. an IgG1 conversion to IgG2a), however, was not found. These findings have important implications for the development of multivalent vaccines.
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O'Malley CD, Smith N, Braun R, Prevots DR. Tetanus associated with body piercing. Clin Infect Dis 1998; 27:1343-4. [PMID: 9827311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
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Braun R, Dotterud LK, Falk ES. Comparison of betamethasone valerate solution with phototherapy (UVB comb) in scalp psoriasis treatment. Acta Derm Venereol 1998; 78:385. [PMID: 9779265 DOI: 10.1080/000155598443169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
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174
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Kroegel C, Schüler M, Förster M, Braun R, Grahmann PR. Evidence for eosinophil activation in bronchiectasis unrelated to cystic fibrosis and bronchopulmonary aspergillosis: discrepancy between blood eosinophil counts and serum eosinophil cationic protein levels. Thorax 1998; 53:498-500. [PMID: 9713451 PMCID: PMC1745234 DOI: 10.1136/thx.53.6.498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased serum levels of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) have been detected in adolescent patients with cystic fibrosis. However, ECP concentrations in adult patients with bronchiectasis unrelated to cystic fibrosis have not been studied. METHODS Eosinophil numbers and serum concentrations of ECP were determined in 14 patients with known or newly diagnosed bronchiectasis and compared with age and sex matched patients with allergic bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and controls in whom bronchiectasis or obstructive pulmonary disease could be excluded. RESULTS Serum ECP levels were significantly raised both in patients with bronchiectasis (median (range) 22.5 micrograms/l (7-85)) and allergic asthma (35.0 micrograms/l (7-128)) compared with the sex and age matched subjects suffering from COPD (6.7 micrograms/l (1.5-28); p < 0.006) and non-obstructive normal controls (7.5 micrograms/l (3.5-19); p < 0.003). In contrast, significantly increased peripheral eosinophil numbers were observed in patients with bronchial asthma (305 x 10(6)/l; p < 0.01) but not in those with bronchiectasis (10(2) x 10(6)/l), COPD (117 x 10(6)/l), and healthy controls (101 x 10(6)/l). CONCLUSIONS The discrepancy between eosinophil counts and eosinophil numbers in patients with bronchiectasis suggests that serum ECP levels may be more relevant in assessing local eosinophil involvement than blood eosinophil numbers.
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Kroegel C, Foerster M, Grahmann PR, Braun R. Eosinophil priming and migration in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Eur Respir J 1998; 11:999-1001. [PMID: 9648945 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.98.11050999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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