301
|
Arndt-Jovin DJ, Jovin TM. Automated cell sorting with flow systems. ANNUAL REVIEW OF BIOPHYSICS AND BIOENGINEERING 1978; 7:527-58. [PMID: 352248 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.bb.07.060178.002523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
302
|
Jovin TM. BINDING OF E. coli RNA POLYMERASE TO POLY [d (A-s4T)]. STUDIES USING THE FILTER RETENTION ASSAY. Gene Expr 1978. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-08-022624-8.50020-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
303
|
Jovin TM, Geisler N, Weber K. Amino-terminal fragments of Escherichia coli lac repressor bind to DNA. Nature 1977; 269:668-72. [PMID: 339099 DOI: 10.1038/269668a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The N-terminal fragments (residues 1-51 and 1-59) obtained by selective tryptic cleavage of native lac repressor retain the ability to bind DNA. These fragments (headpieces) are monomeric and form complexes which resemble those of tetrameric repressor with non-operator DNA. But, they do not show the high specificity of repressor for operator sequences. The DNA binding has been demonstrated by filter-binding assay as well as in solution using absorption, circular dichroism, and fluorescence measurements.
Collapse
|
304
|
Loontiens FG, Clegg RM, Van Landschoot A, Jovin TM. Binding of 4-methylumbelliferyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside to tetrameric concanavalin A Fluorescence temperature-jump relaxation study. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1977; 78:465-9. [PMID: 913409 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1977.tb11759.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The kinetics of saccharide binding to the treatment form of concanavalin A have been studies at pH 7.2 with the temperature-jump method. 4-Methylumbelliferyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside was used as a ligand; its fluorescence is totally quenched upon binding. A single relaxation of ligand fluorescence (tau = 20-400 ms) was observed and was investigated at three different temperatures, using kinetic titration and dilution types of experiments. The concentration dependence of the relaxation time and amplitude was consistent with a single-step bimolecular association and independent binding sites. In the temperature range 13-24 degrees C the association and dissociation rate parameters are in the range (6-10) X 10(4) M-1 s-1 and (1.4-3.2)s-1 respectively, corresponding to activation energies for the forward and reverse reactions equal to approx. 13 and 8 kcal/mol (54 and 33 kJ/mol) respectively. Two additional relaxations of protein fluorescence (3 ms and larger than 1 s at 25 degrees C) were unaffected by carbohydrate binding. Tetrameric concanavalin A shows carbohydrate binding parameters that are almost identical to those of native or derivatized dimeric concanavalin A.
Collapse
|
305
|
Arndt-Jovin DJ, Jovin TM. Analysis and sorting of living cells according to deoxyribonucleic acid content. J Histochem Cytochem 1977; 25:585-9. [PMID: 70450 DOI: 10.1177/25.7.70450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 320] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The methods for measuring the deoxyribonucleic acid content of individual mammalian cells and sorting them on the basis of this parameter have until now required fixation or other treatment which renders the cells nonviable. Using a class of bis-benzimidazole dyes, Hoechst 33258 and 33342 and a multiparameter computer-controlled cell sorter, we have been able to stain and separate living cells in the G1, S, and G2+M phases of the cell cycle and to continue their growth in tissue culture with high retention of viability (greater than 90%) and no increase in heteroploidy. The quenching of the fluorescence of the bound dye by 5-bromodeoxyuridine incorporated into cellular deoxyribonucleic acid is being used with the flow system to detect and isolate mutants in deoxyribonucleic acid metabolism spectroscopically.
Collapse
|
306
|
Van Landschoot A, Clegg RM, Loontiens FG, Jovin TM. Binding of the 4 methylumbelliferyl glycosides of alpha-mannobiose and mannotriose to tetrameric concanavalin A: equilibrium and fast kinetic studies using fluorescence quenching. ARCHIVES INTERNATIONALES DE PHYSIOLOGIE ET DE BIOCHIMIE 1977; 85:203-4. [PMID: 68752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
307
|
Damjanovich S, Bähr W, Jovin TM. The functional and fluorescence properties of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase reacted with fluorescamine. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1977; 72:559-69. [PMID: 320004 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1977.tb11279.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
1. Fluorescamine (4-phenylspiro[furan-2,(3)1'-phthalan]-3,3'-dione) reacts rapidly with Escherichia coli RNA polymerase and produces a fluorescent derivative which is inactivated to an extent dependent upon reagent concentration. Excess fluorescamine is rapidly hydrolysed. Reaction is with xi-amino gruops of lysine residues in all subunits as revealed by gel electrophoresis and fluorescence scanning. 2. The extent of inactivation and fluorescence yield are diminished in the presence of added template, a finding which provides evidence for the existence of reactive and essential amino groups which can be at least partially shielded by DNA in the binary complexes. The relative decrease of fluorescence is greatest in the betabeta' subunits. Holoenzyme and core enzyme show essentially the same behavior. 3. The inactivation of activity by fluorescamine is primarily at the level of initiation. Template binding and chain propagation are less affected. 4. The enzyme derivatized by fluorescamine shows an intense fluorescence with a peak at 490 nm and an excitation maximum at 390 nm. The fluorescence lifetime is in the range of 3-8 ns and the emission is highly polarized. In reactions carried out at high ionic strength the fluorescence yield is approximately double that at low ionic strength and insensitive to the presence of template. 5. Energy transfer is observed between the derivatized enzyme as donor and ethidium bromide as acceptor in the presence of template to which both the enzyme and intercalating dye are bound. The transfer efficiency is a function of the relative concentrations and of the conditions of reaction with fluorescamine. An average transfer distance of approx. 4-5 nm has been calculated suggesting a close proximity between bound polymerase and helical regions of the template.
Collapse
|
308
|
Loontiens FG, Clegg RM, Jovin TM. Binding of 4-methylumbelliferyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside to tetrameric and unmodified or derivatized dimeric concanavalin A: equilibrium studies. Biochemistry 1977; 16:159-66. [PMID: 836781 DOI: 10.1021/bi00621a001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The binding of 4-methylumbelliferyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside (MUM) and concanavalin A, composed of intact polypeptide chains, was studied by equilibrium dialysis, difference spectroscopy, and fluorescence titration (Dean, B.R., and Homer, R.B. (1973), Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 322, 141-144), measured either at a fixed wavelength or above 350 nm. Dimeric and tetrameric concanavalin A samples were used under conditions of apparently full metal saturation. The results are consistent with a single carbohydrate-specific site per protomer, without interaction between sites; no indication for additional unspecific binding could be obtained. The values of the association constant are independent of the method or of the saturation range used and 4-methylumbelliferyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside, bound at a fractional saturation of 0.91 can be totally displaced by methyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside. The thermodynamic binding parameters for acetylated or succinylated concanavalin A, composed of intact polypeptide chains, were obtained by titration of total MUM fluorescence in the temperature range 9-39 degrees C. For unmodified dimeric concanavalin A at 25.0 degrees C, the values are K = (3.36 +/- 0.04) 10(4) M-1 with delta H degrees = -8.3 +/- 0.1 kcal mol-1 and delta S degrees = 7.2 +/- 0.3 eu; for tetrameric concanavalin A, the affinity is increased by 25% and within experimental error the values of delta H degrees and delta S degrees are identical to those for the dimeric protein. Derivatized concanavalin A shows binding characteristics that are entirely comparable to those of the native protein.
Collapse
|
309
|
Clegg RM, Loontiens FG, Jovin TM. Binding of 4-methylumbelliferyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside to dimeric concanavalin A: fluorescence temperature-jump relaxation study. Biochemistry 1977; 16:167-75. [PMID: 836782 DOI: 10.1021/bi00621a002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The kinetics of saccharide binding to the dimer form of concanavalin A (con A) has been studied at pH 5.5 with the fluorescence temperature-jump method. 4-Methylumbelliferyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside, a fluorescent carbohydrate derivative which is quenched upon binding to con A, was used as the ligand. Three relaxation effects were seen. The major relaxation (r = 20-400 ms) was investigated at four different temperatures. The behaviour of this relaxation as a function of reactant concentrations is consistent with a simple one-step bimolecular association reaction. These conclusions result from the analysis of both the relaxation times and amplitudes, and from the comparison of the kinetically determined equilibrium parameters (Kass = 3.5 x 10(4) M-1 at 18.5 degrees C, delta H degrees = -(6-7) kcal/mol) to those obtained from a parallel series of equilibrium experiments (Loontiens, F.G., Clegg R.M., and Jovin, T.M. (1977), Biochemistry 16, preceding paper in this issue). The association and dissociation rate constants are in the range of (6-15) x 10(4) M-1 s-1 and (1.5 - 5.6) s-1, respectively, within a temperature range of 13.5-28.1 degrees C. The activation energies for the forward and reverse reactions are approximately 10 and approximately 15 kcal/mol, respectively. The two additional relaxations which are also present in the absence of saccharides result from changes in the protein fluorescence and are attributed to protein conformational changes which are not affected by the binding of saccharides. These effects were further studied using succinylated, acetylated, and demetallized con A. The faster relaxation (13 ms at 18.5 degrees C) was independent of the concentration of the protein and was not present in the derivatized con A samples. The two derivatized forms of con A show almost identical carbohydrate binding parameters as the underivatized protein. A limited series of stopped-flow experiments yielded results which were fully compatible with those from the relaxation measurements.
Collapse
|
310
|
Jovin TM, Striker G. Chemical relaxation kinetic studies of E. coli RNA polymerase binding to poly [d(A--T)] using ethidium bromide as a fluorescence probe. MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, BIOCHEMISTRY, AND BIOPHYSICS 1977; 24:245-81. [PMID: 333270 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-81117-3_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
311
|
Dowdall MJ, Barrantes FJ, Stender W, Jovin TM. Inhibitory action of 1-pyrene butyrylcholine and related compounds on choline uptake by cholinergic nerve endings. J Neurochem 1976; 27:1253-5. [PMID: 12170617 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.1976.tb00337.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
312
|
Bonner R, Barrantes FJ, Jovin TM. Kinetics of agonist-induced intrinsic fluorescence changes in membrane-bound acetylcholine receptor. Nature 1976; 263:429-31. [PMID: 972683 DOI: 10.1038/263429a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
313
|
|
314
|
Arndt-Jovin DJ, Ostertag W, Eisen H, Klimek F, Jovin TM. Studies of cellular differentiation by automated cell separation. Two model systems: Friend virus-transformed cells and Hydra attenuata. J Histochem Cytochem 1976; 24:332-47. [PMID: 1254928 DOI: 10.1177/24.1.1254928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The automated high-speed analysis and separation of cells on the basis of spectroscopic parameters has been applied to studies of cellular differentiation in two systems. The temporal changes following induction of differentiation by dimethylsulfoxide in the Friend virus-transformed erythroid cells were quantitated by multiparameter analysis leading to the separation of discrete subpopulations. Thus, following induction, cell size decreased as measured by light scattering, the number of H-2 histocompatibility antigen sites decreased as measured by indirect fluorescent antibody binding, the number of lectin-binding sites per cell increased as measured by fluorescein-labeled concanavalin-A and the microviscosity of the hydrocarbon region of the plasma membrane increased as determined by the fluorescence emission anisotropy of the membrane probe 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene. Cells were separated on the basis of several of these parameters and analyzed for their hemogloglobin content by benzidine staining. Examination of cells separated according to the anisotropy parameter showed that high anisotropy values were correlated with (a) small cell size, (b) positive staining with benzidine and (c) pronounced reactivity with fluorescent antibody to the erythrocyte protein spectrin. Disaggregated cells from Hydra attenuata were selectively stained with the dyes rhodanile blue, 7-(p-methoxybenzylamino)-4-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazole and fluorescamine. Distribution analyses and preliminary separations indicated the feasibility of obtaining homogeneous classes of cell types in a viable state. The experiments with emission anisotropy represent the first analyses and separations of single cells on the basis of fluorescence polarization. Many other uses of this technique are anticipated.
Collapse
|
315
|
Jovin TM, Morris SJ, Striker G, Schultens HA, Digweed M, Arndt-Jovin DJ. Automatic sizing and separation of particles by ratios of light scattering intensities. J Histochem Cytochem 1976; 24:269-83. [PMID: 1254922 DOI: 10.1177/24.1.1254922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
|
316
|
Arndt-Jovin DJ, Ostertag W, Eisen H, Jovin TM. Analysis by computer-controlled cell sorter of Friend virus-transformed cells in different stages of differentiation. HAMATOLOGIE UND BLUTTRANSFUSION 1976; 19:137-49. [PMID: 1010464 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-87524-3_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In most systems involving cellular differentiation and cellular transformation the biological process is non-synchronous and the sample heterogeneous. In order to answer some of the basic questions about the control mechanisms of cellular changes and the order in which they proceed one must have access to homogeneous classes of cells. Friend virus transformed erythroid cells which are stably maintained in tissue culture can be chemically induced to differentiate and are thus very advantageous for in vitro studies (1-3). With such a system the questions which we pose are a) the reversibility of the differentiation process; b) the order of steps in the production of specialized messenger RNA; c) the time of shut-off of undifferentiated messenger production; d) the relationship of viral RNA production to the differentiation process; e) the onset and extent of specific protein synthesis; f) the correlation of DNA metabolism with the timing or course of events. By using a computer-controlled cell separator we can select live cells on the basis of their macromolecular content, membrane properties (using a new parameter, fluorescence emission anisotropy), and size (4, 5, 34). Thus with proper probes as described here, we are able to select cells at different stages in their differentiation and can begin to attack the questions posed above.
Collapse
|
317
|
Barrantes FJ, Sakmann B, Bonner R, Eibl H, Jovin TM. 1-Pyrene-butyrylcholine: a fluorescent probe for the cholinergic system. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1975; 72:3097-101. [PMID: 1081227 PMCID: PMC432927 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.72.8.3097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The action of 1-pyrene-butyrylcholine, a new cholinergic fluorescent probe, has been studied at the cellular level using electrophysiological and fluorescence techniques. The spectroscopic properties of the probe were found to be similar to those pf pyrene-butyric acid, the excited-state lifetime in air-saturated aqueous solutions being 92 nsec. At micromolar concentrations the probe was found to exert a nondepolarizing, reversible blocking action at the neuromuscular junction of the frog. The same cholinolytic effect was observed in hypersensitive denervated muscles. The synaptic localization of the probe could be observed with fluorescence microscopy using sub- and micromolar concentrations. Treatment of the nerve-muscle preparations with proteolytic enzymes, resulting in the separation of the nerve ending from the muscle end-plate, enabled a distinction to be made between the fluorescence arising from these two parts of the synapse. Intense presynaptic fluorescence was observed, and was not altered by micromolar concentrations of alpha-bungarotoxin, d-tubocurarine, hemicholinium, or cholinesterase inhibitors. Faint reversible staining of the end-plate region was observed in enzymically treated muscles and was inhibited by prior treatment with alpha-bungarotoxin. Fluorescent alpha-toxin revealed similar patterns of fluorescence in the end-plate of enzyme-treated muscles. The postsynaptic localization of the fluorescent probe is therefore tentatively identified as the one producing the cholinolytic effect upon binding to acetylcholine receptor sites.
Collapse
|
318
|
McClure WR, Jovin TM. The steady state kinetic parameters and non-processivity of Escherichia coli deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase I. J Biol Chem 1975; 250:4073-80. [PMID: 1092683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A steady state kinetic study of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I has been carried out using poly[d(A-T)] as the template-primer substrate. The results of substrate saturation and product inhibition kinetic studies suggest an altered Ordered Bi Bi mechanism for the enzyme. The Michaelis constants for polymer, d-atp, and dTTP are 5 nM (3'-OH ends), 1 muM, and 2 muM, respectively. The apparent equilibrium constant for the reaction, Keq equals [PPi]/[dNTP], was estimated as greater than or equal to 500. No quaternary complex of enzyme, template, and both deoxynucleoside triphosphates was detected. Single turnover experiments at 4 degrees indicated that the enzyme functions non-processively under the specified conditions, that is, dissociates after each catalytic step. The results at higher temperature were consistent with dissociation within 30 steps. Furthermore, at 4 degrees a burst of incorporation stoichiometric with the amount of enzyme was observed upon initiation of the reaction, indicating that the rate-limiting step in the steady state occurs after phosphodiester bond formation. There is a linear Arrhenius dependence of the initial reaction on temperature in the range 4-40 degrees, with an apparent Ea equals 17 kcal/mol. The rate equations appropriate for template-dependent polymerases which dissociate after each catalytic step have been derived.
Collapse
|
319
|
Arndt-Jovin DJ, Jovin TM, Bähr W, Frischauf AM, Marquardt M. Covalent attachment of DNA to agarose. Improved synthesis and use in affinity chromatography. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1975; 54:411-8. [PMID: 1100376 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1975.tb04151.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
DNA has been covalently linked to insoluble matrices of agarose (Sepharose) in high yield using cyanogen bromide activation. Both double-stranded and single-stranded DNA have been coupled with yields up to 225 nmol/mg dry weight Sepharose or 3-8 mumol nucleotide phosphate/ml bed volume. The DNA-Sepharose has been used for (a) the affinity chromatography of various enzymes (Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I and RNA polymerase) from crude extracts or after initial purification steps, resulting in high yields and degrees of purification, and for (b) nucleic acid hybridization. The DNA-Sepharose is stable to high temperature, prolonged storage, and in the case of single-stranded DNA, can be washed with NaOH to destroy nuclease activity and to release any digested oligonucleotides or mononucleotides.
Collapse
|
320
|
McClure WR, Jovin TM. The steady state kinetic parameters and non-processivity of Escherichia coli deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase I. J Biol Chem 1975. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)41388-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
|
321
|
Arndt-Jovin DJ, Jovin TM. Computer-controlled cell (particle) analyzer and separator. Use of light scattering. FEBS Lett 1974; 44:247-52. [PMID: 4609339 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(74)80735-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
322
|
Applebury ML, Zuckerman DM, Lamola AA, Jovin TM. Rhodopsin. Purification and recombination with phospholipids assayed by the metarhodopsin I leads to metarhodopsin II transition. Biochemistry 1974; 13:3448-58. [PMID: 4846291 DOI: 10.1021/bi00714a005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
323
|
Arndt-Jovin DJ, Jovin TM. Computer-controlled multiparameter analysis and sorting of cells and particles. J Histochem Cytochem 1974; 22:622-5. [PMID: 4136608 DOI: 10.1177/22.7.622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A new high speed instrument for the multiparameter analysis and separation of cells and subcellular particles under computer control has been constructed. It incorporates several new features, the combination of which is believed to make the system uniquely capable of attacking a wide variety of biologic questions. In this paper we present the biologic objectives as well as the salient new features of the instrument.
Collapse
|
324
|
Jovin TM. Multiphasic zone electrophoresis, IV. Design and analysis of discontinuous buffer systems with a digital computer. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1973; 209:477-96. [PMID: 4515051 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1973.tb47551.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
325
|
Jovin TM. Multiphasic zone electrophoresis. II. Design of integrated discontinuous buffer systems for analytical and preparative fractionation. Biochemistry 1973; 12:879-90. [PMID: 4686805 DOI: 10.1021/bi00729a015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
326
|
Jovin TM. Multiphasic zone electrophoresis. I. Steady-state moving-boundary systems formed by different electrolyte combinations. Biochemistry 1973; 12:871-9. [PMID: 4686804 DOI: 10.1021/bi00729a014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
327
|
Jovin TM. Multiphasic zone electrophoresis. 3. Further analysis and new forms of discontinuous buffer systems. Biochemistry 1973; 12:890-8. [PMID: 4686806 DOI: 10.1021/bi00729a016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
328
|
Pohl FM, Jovin TM, Baehr W, Holbrook JJ. Ethidium bromide as a cooperative effector of a DNA structure. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1972; 69:3805-9. [PMID: 4509343 PMCID: PMC389877 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.69.12.3805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
A salt-induced cooperative conformational transition of a synthetic DNA, poly(dG-dC), is reversed by addition of ethidium bromide. Binding of the dye at high salt concentrations is highly cooperative. Circular dichroism spectra of the complex and the kinetic data support a model for this cooperative binding that is formally equivalent to the "allosteric" one proposed for oligomeric proteins by Monod et al. Thus, double-helical DNA of at least one defined sequence can undergo a cooperative conformational change in solution, with simple salts and drug molecules as antagonistic effectors. Such transitions may be involved in regulatory phenomena operating directly at the level of nucleic acid structure.
Collapse
|
329
|
Pohl FM, Jovin TM. Salt-induced co-operative conformational change of a synthetic DNA: equilibrium and kinetic studies with poly (dG-dC). J Mol Biol 1972; 67:375-96. [PMID: 5045303 DOI: 10.1016/0022-2836(72)90457-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 940] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
|
330
|
Hoffmann GW, Jovin TM. A nanosecond rise-time mechanical chopper for laser light. APPLIED OPTICS 1971; 10:218-219. [PMID: 20094426 DOI: 10.1364/ao.10.000218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
|
331
|
Jovin TM. [8] Electrophoretic fractionation of oligodeoxyribonucleotides. Methods Enzymol 1971. [DOI: 10.1016/s0076-6879(71)21010-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
|
332
|
Jovin TM, Englund PT, Bertsch LL. Enzymatic synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid. XXVI. Physical and chemical studies of a homogeneous deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase. J Biol Chem 1969; 244:2996-3008. [PMID: 4890762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
|
333
|
Englund PT, Huberman JA, Jovin TM, Kornberg A. Enzymatic synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid. XXX. Binding of triphosphates to deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase. J Biol Chem 1969; 244:3038-44. [PMID: 4977234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
|
334
|
Jovin TM, Englund PT, Kornberg A. Enzymatic synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid. XXVII. Chemical modifications of deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase. J Biol Chem 1969; 244:3009-18. [PMID: 4306289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
|
335
|
|
336
|
|
337
|
Elson E, Jovin TM. Fractionation of oligodeoxynucleotides by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Anal Biochem 1969; 27:193-204. [PMID: 5767178 DOI: 10.1016/0003-2697(69)90023-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
338
|
Jovin TM, Kornberg A. Polynucleotide celluloses as solid state primers and templates for polymerases. J Biol Chem 1968; 243:250-9. [PMID: 4965833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
|
339
|
Jovin TM, Kornberg A. Polynucleotide Celluloses as Solid State Primers and Templates for Polymerases. J Biol Chem 1968. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)99286-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
|
340
|
Englund PT, Deutscher MP, Jovin TM, Kelly RB, Cozzarelli NR, Kornberg A. Structural and functional properties of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase. COLD SPRING HARBOR SYMPOSIA ON QUANTITATIVE BIOLOGY 1968; 33:1-9. [PMID: 4306813 DOI: 10.1101/sqb.1968.033.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
341
|
Cozzarelli NR, Melechen NE, Jovin TM, Kornberg A. Polynucleotide cellulose as a substrate for a polynucleotide ligase induced by phage T4. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1967; 28:578-86. [PMID: 6052493 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(67)90353-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|