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Adebanjo OA, Shankar VS, Pazianas M, Zaidi A, Simon B, Huang CL, Zaidi M. Modulation of the osteoclast Ca2+ receptor by extracellular protons: possible linkage between Ca2+ sensing and extracellular acidification. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1994; 199:742-7. [PMID: 8135818 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1994.1291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
We report a sensitivity of the osteoclast cell surface Ca2+ receptor to extracellular protons. Freshly isolated rat osteoclasts were exposed to the known agonists of the Ca2+ receptor, Ca2+ and Ni2+, in extracellular solutions set at different pH values. Decreasing the extracellular pH from 7.8 to 4.0 units markedly potentiated the cytosolic Ca2+ signals elicited in response to Ca2+ receptor activation by either Ni2+ (50 microM, 500 microM or 5 mM) or Ca2+ (5 mM). Each response consisted of a rapid and usually transient elevation of cytosolic [Ca2+]. Maximal cytosolic [Ca2+] responses were obtained at pH values of 6.6 (for 5 mM-[Ni2+]) and 4.0 units (for 5 mM-[Ca2+]). Finally, the effects of extracellular pH persisted in Ca(2+)-free, EGTA-containing solutions, suggesting a modulation of intracellular Ca2+ release.
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177
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Zaidi A, Saleemuddin M. Ca(2+)-induced alterations in the activity of membrane (Ca(2+)-Mg2+)-ATPase of human and rat erythrocytes. INDIAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & BIOPHYSICS 1993; 30:98-102. [PMID: 8354524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Effect of intraerythrocyte Ca2+ elevation on human and rat erythrocyte membrane (Ca(2+)-Mg2+)-ATPase along with that of incubation of the erythrocyte ghosts in their own hemolysates enriched with Ca2+ has been studied. While the membrane (Ca(2+)-Mg2+)-ATPase levels of Ca(2+)-loaded human erythrocytes showed an initial increase and subsequent decline, membranes incubated in their own hemolysate showed a consistent decrease in the enzyme activity. Calmodulin sensitivity was retained by the preparations in contrast to the earlier observations made with washed erythrocyte membranes. Similar changes in (Ca(2+)-Mg2+)-ATPase activity but of greater magnitude were observed in response to Ca2+ in the calpain-rich rat erythrocytes. Considerable crosslinking and proteolysis was observed in case of human and rat erythrocytes exposed to high Ca2+ concentrations. The Ca(2+)-activable transglutaminase, however, did not play any role in the activation of the (Ca(2+)-Mg2+)-ATPase.
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178
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Gershman KA, Rolfs RT, Larsen SA, Zaidi A, Palafox NA. Seroepidemiological characterization of a syphilis epidemic in the Republic of the Marshall Islands, formerly a yaws endemic area. Int J Epidemiol 1992; 21:599-606. [PMID: 1634324 DOI: 10.1093/ije/21.3.599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The annual numbers of reported cases of syphilis in the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI) increased from none in 1983 to more than 600 in 1989, suggesting a large outbreak of syphilis. Much of the increase resulted from expanded serological screening. The apparent outbreak of syphilis, therefore, may have been partly the result of increased surveillance or, since the RMI was formerly a yaws endemic area, possibly due to a resurgence of yaws. To address this problem and better characterize the epidemic, we analysed results from a 1989/90 Ministry of Health Services mass serological screening on Majuro Atoll, the main population centre. Serum specimens from 9160 people (86% of residents aged 15-44 years) on Majuro were screened with the rapid plasma reagin (RPR) card test; we repeated the RPR and performed a confirmatory microhaemagglutination assay for Treponema pallidum-specific antibodies (MHA-TP) on a sample of serum specimens. To estimate the seroprevalence of syphilis, we also tested a sample of RPR nonreactive specimens by MHA-TP. Among people less than 45 years of age, total (11.5%) and high-titre (5.2%) seropositivity rates were highest in the 20-24 year age group, as was MHA-TP seroprevalence (15.9%). These results suggested that a large outbreak of syphilis was responsible for the observed seroreactivity. Cumulative incidence modelling and comparisons with the results of a previous serosurvey conducted in 1985 suggested that the duration of the syphilis epidemic was approximately 10 years and that incidence had not increased appreciably since 1985.
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179
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Zaidi A, Khan MT, Saleemuddin M. Goat erythrocyte calmodulin is not abnormal. INDIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY 1991; 29:528-31. [PMID: 1889825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Calmodulin was purified from goat erythrocyte hemolysate using heat treatment and Sephadex G-100 gel filtration chromatography. The molecular weight and Stokes, radius of the purified calmodulin was determined. The goat erythrocyte calmodulin stimulated (Ca(2+)-Mg2+)-ATPase but not (Mg2+)-ATPase and (Na(+)-K(+)-Mg2+)-ATPase. The (Ca(2+)-Mg2+)-ATPase of the erythrocyte membrane derived from human, rat, rabbit and pig were significantly stimulated.
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180
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Zaidi A, Deckwer WD, Mrani A, Benchekchou B. Hydrodynamics and heat transfer in three-phase fluidized beds with highly viscous pseudoplastic solutions. Chem Eng Sci 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2509(90)80100-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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181
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Abstract
We used time series models in the exploratory and confirmatory analysis of selected fatal injuries in the United States from 1972 to 1983. We built autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models for monthly, weekly, and daily series of deaths and used these models to generate hypotheses. These deaths resulted from six causes of injuries: motor vehicles, suicides, homicides, falls, drownings, and residential fires. For each cause of injury, we estimated calendar effects on the monthly death counts. We confirmed the significant effect of vehicle miles travelled on motor vehicle fatalities with a transfer function model. Finally, we applied intervention analysis to deaths due to motor vehicles.
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182
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Schnell D, Zaidi A, Reynolds G. A time series analysis of gonorrhea surveillance data. Stat Med 1989; 8:343-52; discussion 363. [PMID: 2711065 DOI: 10.1002/sim.4780080315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Gonorrhea is the most frequently reported communicable disease in the United States. In response to rapidly rising rates in the late 1960s, the Public Health Service instituted a gonorrhea control programme. An important component of the programme is the screening of women for gonococcal infections. We use a time series intervention model to estimate the initial increase in reporting of cases in women associated with the control programme. From the middle 1970s to the middle 1980s, a regular seasonal pattern in the data is conspicuous. We use a second time series model to quantify the seasonal variation during this period and to construct forecasts.
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183
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Zaidi A. Explanations for high levels of infant mortality in Pakistan--a dissenting view. PAKISTAN DEVELOPMENT REVIEW 1989; 28:251-7. [PMID: 12283032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
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184
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Morris ID, Lendon RG, Zaidi A. Inhibition of testicular and somatic development after treatment of the postnatal rat with the Leydig cell cytotoxic ethylene dimethanesulphonate. J Endocrinol 1988; 119:467-74. [PMID: 2851639 DOI: 10.1677/joe.0.1190467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The Leydig cell cytotoxic ethylene dimethanesulphonate (EDS) was administered s.c. daily (50 mg/kg) to male rats aged 5-16 days. Apart from loss of weight and that the eyelids unfused earlier, no gross toxicity was observed during treatment. On day 17 testis weights, serum testosterone concentrations, testicular serum testosterone content and 125I-labelled human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) binding to testicular homogenates were reduced. Serum LH and FSH concentrations were elevated. The testes did not recover from EDS treatment and at 63 and 120 days were minute (less than 2% of control), and the prostate and seminal vesicles were small although not completely atrophied. In addition, body weights were substantially reduced. Serum and testicular testosterone and 125I-labelled hCG binding to testicular homogenates were reduced but not absent. Serum LH and FSH concentrations were increased. Light microscopy of the adult testes showed that EDS treatment inhibited the development of the seminiferous tubules. Most of the tubules were devoid of germ cells and Sertoli cells were rare. Occasionally tubules also contained spermatogonia and spermatocytes but no signs of spermiogenesis. The testes were composed mainly of closely packed interstitial tissue with no lymphatic space. The interstitial cells resembled Leydig cells and stained for 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. Histochemically identified Leydig cells were absent during treatment but reappeared when treatment was withdrawn.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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185
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Zaidi A, Lendon RG, Dixon JS, Morris ID. Abnormal development of the testis after administration of the Leydig cell cytotoxic ethylene-1,2-dimethanesulphonate to the immature rat. JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTION AND FERTILITY 1988; 82:381-92. [PMID: 2828611 DOI: 10.1530/jrf.0.0820381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Male rats were injected with 50 mg ethylene-1,2-dimethanesulphonate/kg from Day 5 to Day 16 after birth and control rats received injections of the same volume of vehicle. Testes were studied at various times from Day 6 to Day 108 using histochemistry, light and electron microscopy. Fine structural degenerative changes were observed in the Leydig cells and seminiferous tubules of EDS-treated animals as early as Day 6. By Day 11 no Leydig cells could be detected and the interstitia of EDS-treated testes contained large numbers of fibroblast-like cells which formed peritubular collars 3-5 cells thick; the tubules contained Sertoli cells with heterogeneous inclusions and large numbers of lipid droplets. A small number of Leydig cells was found at Day 14 and their numbers increased so that, in animals of 28 days and older, large clusters of Leydig cells were present between severely atrophic tubules. These tubules contained Sertoli cells with few organelles; germinal cells were not observed after 28 days in EDS-treated animals. These results show that EDS destroys the fetal population of Leydig cells postnatally and this mimics the well documented effect of EDS on adult Leydig cells. The seminiferous tubules were permanently damaged by EDS in the present experiments. Tubular damage could have been due to a direct cytotoxic effect of multiple injections of EDS on the tubule before the blood-testis barrier develops or due to withdrawal of androgen support secondary to Leydig cell destruction.
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186
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Simpfendorfer CC, Dimas AP, Zaidi A, Hollman J, Franco I, Knezinek V, Hobbs RE. Balloon rupture during coronary angioplasty. Angiology 1986; 37:828-31. [PMID: 2947525 DOI: 10.1177/000331978603701106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Out of a total of 1,500 percutaneous coronary angioplasties (PTCA), 55 (3.6%) were associated with balloon rupture. Lesion calcification was noticed in 7 of these 55 patients (12.7%). Balloon rupture occurred at a mean pressure of 10.7 atmospheres. All balloons were retrieved without difficulty. Intimal tears were noted in 18 (32.7%) cases. Three patients required bypass surgery. In 29 patients restudied angiographically, the restenosis rate was 38%. Balloon rupture during PTCA does not seem to be associated with detrimental consequences.
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187
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Brown ST, Zaidi A, Larsen SA, Reynolds GH. Serological response to syphilis treatment. A new analysis of old data. JAMA 1985; 253:1296-9. [PMID: 3155812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
One important aspect of the posttreatment evaluation of patients with early syphilis is assessment of serological test results. Using information previously collected from 818 patients in the Early Syphilis Study, we evaluated the seroresponse of people treated for primary or secondary syphilis. We generated curves describing the VDRL titer declines with time. The VDRL titer declined approximately fourfold at three months and eightfold at six months. These observations will allow clinicians to identify treatment failures or reinfections at the earliest possible time during their follow-up.
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188
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Zaidi S, Rehan S, Zaidi A, Shakir M, Aslam M, Siddiqi Z. Synthesis, vibrational spectra and stereochemistry of lanthanide tris(chlorosulphates), Ln(SO3Cl)3 (Ln = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho and Er). Polyhedron 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/s0277-5387(00)86993-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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189
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Raju NV, Hart N, Maloney J, Zaidi A, Adams K. Cardiac involvement in polymyositis: a case report and review of the literature. CLEVELAND CLINIC QUARTERLY 1984; 51:89-91. [PMID: 6713682 DOI: 10.3949/ccjm.51.1.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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190
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Greaves WL, Kraus SJ, McCormack WM, Biddle JW, Zaidi A, Fiumara NJ, Guinan ME. Cefoxitin vs. penicillin in the treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhea. Sex Transm Dis 1983; 10:53-5. [PMID: 6658629 DOI: 10.1097/00007435-198304000-00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Four hundred six men and women with gonorrhea were randomly assigned to receive either 2 g of cefoxitin or 4.8 X 10(6) units of aqueous procaine penicillin G intramuscularly. All patients also received 1 g of probenecid orally. There was no statistically significant difference in the failure rate between patients treated with penicillin (4.3%) and those treated with cefoxitin (5.1%). Twelve (92%) of 13 homosexual men with gonococcal proctitis who received penicillin and 19 (95%) of 20 who received cefoxitin were cured. Adverse reactions were infrequent and mild in the cefoxitin-treated group. Three patients who received penicillin developed reactions consistent with procaine toxicity. It is concluded that cefoxitin is a safe and effective alternative to penicillin for treating uncomplicated anogenital gonorrhea in men and women.
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191
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Beall GN, Parslow ME, Kruger SR, Zaidi A. Improved radioassay for human antithyroglobulin. ACTA ENDOCRINOLOGICA 1982; 101:555-61. [PMID: 7158230 DOI: 10.1530/acta.0.1010555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Human antithyroglobulin (anti-HTg) in serum and tissue cultures can be assayed by coprecipitation with 125I-labelled human thyroglobulin (HTg). Co-precipitation of the antibody from different sera gives roughly parallel curves, so that a standard serum can be used for quantitiation of other sera. By assessing the binding of 125I-labelled HTg in antigen excess we estimate the antibody content of the standard serum to be 0.14 ng anti-HTg per ml. Shortened incubation minimizes non-specific binding of HTg to serum globulins and obviates pre-assay absorption of HTg. Radioassay for thyroglobulin antibodies in serum correlated with values obtained by solid-phase competitive-binding assay (SPCB). One unit in our assay corresponds to 0.014 unit by the latter assay and to 0.12 units of MRC. Research Standard A. We confirm that serum thyroglobulin seriously interferes with SPCB assay, giving what appears to be positive results for anti-HTg where none is detected with our assay. Values for anti-HTg are depressed by serum HTg but only in the presence of very high concentrations in serum.
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192
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Schreeder MT, Thompson SE, Hadler SC, Berquist KR, Zaidi A, Maynard JE, Ostrow D, Judson FN, Braff EH, Nylund T, Moore JN, Gardner P, Doto IL, Reynolds G. Hepatitis B in homosexual men: prevalence of infection and factors related to transmission. J Infect Dis 1982; 146:7-15. [PMID: 7086206 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/146.1.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Of 3,816 homosexual men examined in five sexually transmitted disease clinics in the United States, 6.1% had hepatitis B surface antigen, 52.4% had antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen, and 3.0% of the men who had no other indicator of infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) had antibody to hepatitis B core antigen. The rate of seropositivity for HBV indicated by the presence of one or more of these serologic markers was 61.5%; seropositivity was significantly related to the duration of regular homosexual activity and to the number of nonsteady male sexual contacts in the four months before the patients were interviewed. Anal-genital intercourse, oral-anal intercourse, and rectal douching were significantly related to evidence of HBV infection, but oral-oral contact and oral-genital contact were not. Trauma to the rectal mucosa is a feature common to the practices that were significantly related to seropositivity for HBV.
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193
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Abstract
Of an unselected group of 159 women attending a sexually transmitted diseases (STD) clinic 20% (32) had symptoms of urethritis. A positive correlation existed between the finding of more than 10 polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNL) per high-power field in the Gram-stained urethral smear and the presence of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Trichomonas vaginalis. Conversely, these organisms were rarely isolated if no PMNL were present. Fewer cultures gave positive results for these organisms if micturition had occurred less than four hours before examination. C trachomatis was recovered from the urethra or endocervix in 29/150 (19 . 3%) and from the urethra alone in six women. In contrast, N gonorrhoea was never recovered from the urethra in the absence of endocervical infection. Of the 159 women 10% had bacteriuria due to non-sexually transmissible agents; 50% had asymptomatic bacteriuria. All, however, had other urethral pathogens isolated as well. Thus, sexually transmitted disease agents are highly prevalent in women attending an STD clinic who have signs and symptoms of urethritis. As in non-gonococcal urethritis in men, C trachomatis may be an important cause of urethritis in women.
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194
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195
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Guinan ME, Biddle J, Thornsberry C, Reynolds G, Zaidi A, Wiesner P. The National Gonorrhea Therapy Monitoring Study: I. Review of treatment results and of in-vitro antibiotic susceptibility, 1972-1978. Sex Transm Dis 1979; 6:93-102. [PMID: 158836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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196
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Brown ST, Jaffe HW, Zaidi A, Filker R, Herrmann KL, Lylerla HC, Jove DF, Budell JW. Sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic tests for genital infection with herpesvirus hominis. Sex Transm Dis 1979; 6:10-3. [PMID: 221993 DOI: 10.1097/00007435-197901000-00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Three smear techniques for diagnosis of Herpesvirus hominis infection were evaluated by study of 168 unselected patients with genital lesions attending a venereal disease clinic. A tissue culture and results of three smear techniques were obtained for each patient in random order. H. hominis was recovered from 101 patients (60%). All three smear tests (immunofluorescence, Papanicolaou, and crystal violet) were highly specific, but the sensitivity of each was smaller than or equal to 40% among patients who had ulcerative lesions. Because H. hominis is a common cause of genital lesions and the clinical manifestations of disease are highly variable, future research must identify accurate diagnostic aids that are suitable for clinic use.
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197
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Thompson SE, Reynolds G, Short HB, Thornsberry C, Biddle JW, Jacobs NF, Rein MF, Zaidi A, Young FE, Shulman JA. Auxotypes and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of Neisseria gonorrhoeae from disseminated and local infections. Sex Transm Dis 1978; 5:127-31. [PMID: 105411 DOI: 10.1097/00007435-197810000-00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The arginine-hypoxanthine-uracil auxotype has been linked with the propensity of gonococci to cause disseminated infections. Gonococci recovered from 25 patients with disseminated gonococcal infections were compared with gonococci recovered from matched controls, patients with uncomplicated gonorrhea selected during the same month. Minimal inhibitory concentrations of penicillin, tetracycline, erythromycin, and ampicillin, and the nutritional requirements (auxotypes) for proline alone, arginine alone, arginine, hypoxanthine and uracil together, serine alone and cysteine-cystine (wild type) were analyzed by discriminant analysis. Significant susceptibility to penicillin characterized strains causing disseminated infection, and a proline requirement was the most common auxotype (48%) among strains isolated in Atlanta. Together the minimal inhibitory concentration of penicillin and the proline auxotype best separated the strains causing gonorrhea. The arginine-hypoxanthine-uracil auxotype was was found in only 24% of strains causing disseminated infections. A trait other than auxotype must determine the capacity of the organisms to disseminate.
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198
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Hooper RR, Reynolds GH, Jones OG, Zaidi A, Wiesner PJ, Latimer KP, Lester A, Campbell AF, Harrison WO, Karney WW, Holmes KK. Cohort study of venereal disease. I: the risk of gonorrhea transmission from infected women to men. Am J Epidemiol 1978; 108:136-44. [PMID: 707474 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Reliable data on the risk of transmission of N. gonorrhoeae would enhance our understanding of the importance of host defenses against gonorrhea and would aid in the evaluation of prophylactic measures. This paper examines the risk of transmission of gonorrhea from infected female to male and the role that variables such as race, prophylaxis and amount of exposure play in the development of gonococcal urethritis. Volunteer crew members of a large naval vessel were followed prospectively as a cohort to study their risk of acquiring gonococcal infection during a four-day liberty period in the Far East. At the same time the prevalence of N. gonorrhoeae was determined in a population of females to whom the sailors were exposed. The calculated risk of transmission per exposure with an infected partner was .19 for whites and .53 for blacks. A statistically significant relationship was noted between the risk of transmission of gonorrhea and both the number of partners and the frequency of sexual intercourse. Further, the increasing infection rate with increasing numbers of exposures in men who had a single sex partner suggests that the majority of men are in fact susceptible to gonorrhea if the quantity of exposure is sufficient.
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199
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Deckwer WD, Adler I, Zaidi A. A comprehensive study on co2-interphase mass transfer in vertical cocurrent and countercurrent gas-liquid flow. CAN J CHEM ENG 1978. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.5450560107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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