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Zheng C, Baum BJ. Including the p53 ELAV-like protein-binding site in vector cassettes enhances transgene expression in rat submandibular gland. Oral Dis 2012; 18:477-84. [PMID: 22251132 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2011.01895.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE ELAV-like proteins regulate mRNA stability and/or translation. We evaluated whether inclusion of binding sites for ELAV-like HuR proteins in vector cassettes could improve transgene expression in the salivary gland. METHODS Western blots and immunofluorescence staining were used to determine whether HuR protein was expressed in salivary cells and tissue. HuR binding sites were inserted into the pACEF1α-luc-BGH expression plasmid. Cell lines were transfected with plasmids in vitro and luciferase expression measured. Rat submandibular glands were transfected in vivo with plasmids containing ELAV-like HuR protein-binding sites. An adenoviral vector with p53 ELAV-like HuR protein-binding site was generated and also tested in vivo. Four unique 29mer HuR shRNA constructs were used in A5 cells to evaluate whether there was a specific interaction between HuR protein and the p53 HuR protein-binding site. RESULTS Salivary cells express HuR protein. Inclusion of the p53 ELAV-like HuR protein-binding site resulted in high luciferase activity in salivary cells in vitro, with similar results in vivo. In vitro shRNA data demonstrated that the high luciferase activity was mediated by the interaction between HuR protein and the p53 HuR protein-binding site. The AdEF1α-luc-p53BGH, including this binding site, mediated very high luciferase activity, ~4-fold that seen with the CMV promoter, in rat submandibular glands. CONCLUSIONS Including the p53 ELAV-like protein-binding site in transgene cassettes may enhance therapeutic vectors intended for use with salivary glands.
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Zheng C, Wu J, Xie H. Differential expression and adherence of Porphyromonas gingivalis FimA genotypes. Mol Oral Microbiol 2011; 26:388-95. [PMID: 22053966 DOI: 10.1111/j.2041-1014.2011.00626.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis is a primary pathogen involved in the initiation and progression of adult chronic periodontitis. Its colonization on oral surfaces is a necessary first step leading to infection. FimA, a subunit protein of major (long) fimbriae, is a well-known virulence factor. Based on its nucleotide sequence, FimA is classified into several genotypes. We compared here the transcriptional levels of the fimA gene in several P. gingivalis strains using real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis, fimbrial display on the P. gingivalis surface using transmission electronic microscopy, and the adherence competencies of P. gingivalis strains carrying different types of FimAs towards saliva and Streptococcus gordonii surfaces using mutagenesis analysis. We demonstrated differential expression of each fimA gene in these P. gingivalis strains. A correlation of the transcription level of fimA and binding activity of P. gingivalis was revealed. We show that P. gingivalis strains with genotype I and II of FimA are efficient in interaction with saliva or S. gordonii. This work highlights the important role of FimA type I and II in P. gingivalis attachment to oral surfaces.
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Zheng C, Etheridge J. Fourier images in coherent convergent beam electron diffraction and atomic resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy. Acta Crystallogr A 2011. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767311082419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Adlarson P, Adolph C, Augustyniak W, Baru V, Bashkanov M, Bednarski T, Bergmann FS, Berłowski M, Bhatt H, Brinkmann KT, Büscher M, Calén H, Clement H, Coderre D, Czerwiński E, Doroshkevich E, Ekström C, Engels R, Erven W, Eyrich W, Fedorets P, Föhl K, Fransson K, Goldenbaum F, Goslawski P, Grigoryev K, Grishina V, Gullström CO, Hampe J, Hanhart C, Heijkenskjöld L, Hejny V, Hinterberger F, Hodana M, Höistad B, Jacewicz M, Janusz M, Jany A, Jany BR, Jarczyk L, Johansson T, Kamys B, Kemmerling G, Khakimova O, Khoukaz A, Kistryn S, Klaja J, Kleines H, Kłos B, Kren F, Krzemień W, Kulessa P, Kullander S, Kupść A, Lalwani K, Lorentz B, Magiera A, Maier R, Marciniewski P, Mariański B, Mikirtychiants M, Moskal P, Morsch HP, Nandi BK, Niedźwiecki S, Ohm H, Passfeld A, Pauly C, del Rio EP, Petukhov Y, Piskunov N, Pluciński P, Podkopał P, Povtoreyko A, Prasuhn D, Pricking A, Pysz K, Rausmann T, Redmer CF, Ritman J, Roy A, Ruber RJMY, Rudy Z, Sawant S, Schadmand S, Schmidt A, Schroeder W, Sefzick T, Serdyuk V, Shah N, Siemaszko M, Siudak R, Skorodko T, Skurzok M, Smyrski J, Sopov V, Stassen R, Stepaniak J, Sterzenbach G, Stockhorst H, Ströher H, Szczurek A, Täschner A, Tolba T, Trzciński A, Varma R, Vlasov P, Wagner GJ, Węglorz W, Winnemöller A, Wirzba A, Wolke M, Wrońska A, Wüstner P, Wurm P, Yuan X, Yurev L, Zabierowski J, Zheng C, Zieliński MJ, Zipper W, Złomańczuk J, Zuprański P. Abashian-Booth-Crowe effect in basic double-pionic fusion: a new resonance? PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 106:242302. [PMID: 21770567 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.106.242302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We report on an exclusive and kinematically complete high-statistics measurement of the basic double-pionic fusion reaction pn→dπ(0)π(0) over the full energy region of the ABC effect, a pronounced low-mass enhancement in the ππ-invariant mass spectrum. The measurements, which cover also the transition region to the conventional t-channel ΔΔ process, were performed with the upgraded WASA detector setup at COSY. The data reveal the Abashian-Booth-Crowe effect to be uniquely correlated with a Lorentzian energy dependence in the integral cross section. The observables are consistent with a narrow resonance with m=2.37 GeV, Γ≈70 MeV and I(J(P))=0(3(+)) in both pn and ΔΔ systems. Necessary further tests of the resonance interpretation are discussed.
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Jiang S, Jiang Z, Lin Y, Zhou G, Chen F, Zheng C. Effects of different rearing and feeding methods on meat quality and antioxidative properties in Chinese Yellow male broilers. Br Poult Sci 2011; 52:352-8. [DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2011.569926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Zheng C, Shinomiya T, Goldsmith CM, Di Pasquale G, Baum BJ. Convenient and reproducible in vivo gene transfer to mouse parotid glands. Oral Dis 2011; 17:77-82. [PMID: 20646229 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2010.01707.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Published studies of gene transfer to mouse salivary glands have not employed the parotid glands. Parotid glands are the likely target tissue for most clinical applications of salivary gene transfer. The purpose of the present study was to develop a convenient and reproducible method of retroductal gene transfer to mouse parotid glands. METHODS The volume for vector delivery was assessed by infusion of Toluidine Blue into Stensen's ducts of Balb/c mice after direct intraoral cannulation. Recombinant, serotype 5 adenoviral vectors, encoding either firefly luciferase or human erythropoietin (hEpo), were constructed and then administered to parotid glands (10(7) vector particles/gland). Transgene expression in vivo was measured by enzyme activity (luciferase) or an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (hEpo). Vector biodistribution was measured by real-time quantitative (Q) PCR. RESULTS The chosen volume for mouse parotid vector delivery was 20μL. Little vector was detected outside of the targeted glands, with both QPCR and luciferase assays. Transgene expression was readily detected in glands (luciferase, hEpo), and serum and saliva (hEpo). Most secreted hEpo was detected in saliva. CONCLUSION These studies show that mouse parotid glands can be conveniently and reproducibly targeted for gene transfer, and should be useful for pre-clinical studies with many murine disease models.
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Adriaansen J, Perez P, Zheng C, Collins MT, Baum BJ. Human parathyroid hormone is secreted primarily into the bloodstream after rat parotid gland gene transfer. Hum Gene Ther 2011; 22:84-92. [PMID: 20977345 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2010.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoparathyroidism is a hormone deficiency syndrome that leads to low blood calcium levels and for which current replacement therapy is inadequate. Gene transfer to salivary glands leads to safe and abundant secretion of therapeutic protein into either saliva or the bloodstream. We previously reported the successful transduction of rat submandibular glands with an adenoviral vector encoding human parathyroid hormone (Ad.hPTH), but unfortunately most of the hPTH was secreted into saliva. Because submandibular and parotid glands are morphologically and functionally different, we hypothesized that hPTH sorting might be different in parotid glands. After 2 days, the pattern of hPTH secretion from transduced parotid glands of intact rats was reversed from that of transduced submandibular glands, that is, most transgenic hPTH was detected in serum (5 × 10(10) viral particles per gland; the saliva-to-serum ratio of total hPTH secreted was 0.04). Vector copies were localized to the targeted parotid glands, with none detected in liver or spleen. Ad.hPTH next was administered to parotid glands of parathyroidectomized rats. Two days after delivery no hPTH was detectable in saliva, but high levels were found in serum, leading to normalization of serum calcium and a significant increase in the urinary phosphorus-to-creatinine ratio. This study demonstrates for the first time differential sorting of transgenic hPTH between submandibular and parotid glands, suggesting that hPTH may be a valuable model protein for understanding the molecular basis of transgenic secretory protein sorting in these exocrine glands. We also show the clinical potential of salivary gland hPTH gene therapy for patients with hypoparathyroidism.
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Perez P, Adriaansen J, Goldsmith CM, Zheng C, Baum BJ. Transgenic α-1-antitrypsin secreted into the bloodstream from salivary glands is biologically active. Oral Dis 2010; 17:476-83. [PMID: 21122036 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2010.01775.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Salivary glands are potentially a valuable target for gene therapeutics. Herein, we examined the expression and biochemical activity of human alpha-1-antitrypsin (hA1AT) produced in rodent submandibular glands after gene transfer. METHODS A serotype 5 adenoviral vector (Ad.hA1AT) was constructed and first characterized by dose response and time course studies using SMIE cells in vitro. hA1AT expression was analysed by ELISA and the biologic activity determined by the inhibition of human neutrophil elastase (hNE) and formation of hA1AT-hNE complexes. Ad.hA1AT was administered to submandibular glands of rats and mice. The levels and activity of hA1AT were analysed in saliva, serum and gland extracts. Treatment with endoglycosidase H and Peptide N-Glycosidase F was used to assess N-linked glycosylation. RESULTS Transgenic hA1AT, expressed in submandibular glands following Ad.hA1AT administration, was secreted into the bloodstream, N-glycosylated and biochemically active. CONCLUSION After in vivo gene transfer, rodent salivary glands can produce a non-hormonal, transgenic, secretory glycoprotein exhibiting complex and conformation-dependent biologic activity.
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Yu J, Zheng C, Ren X, Li J, Liu M, Zhang L, Liang L, Du W, Han ZC. Intravenous administration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells benefits experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis mice through an immunomodulatory action. Scand J Immunol 2010; 72:242-9. [PMID: 20696022 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2010.02445.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are potent in immunomodulation. It has been proven that MSC functioned to correct immune disorder in several immune diseases. Here, we tested the hypothesis that MSC from human bone marrow (hMSC) can provide a potential therapy for experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG). EAMG mice model was established by subcutaneous injection of synthetic analogue of acetylcholine receptor (AchR), then, hMSC were intravenously delivered into these mice repeatedly. The results showed that hMSC could specifically home to spleen tissue and hMSC treatment significantly improved the functional deficits of EAMG mice. In addition, AchR antibody level was dramatically decreased in cell-treated group when compared with untreated control on 10 days after the second cell injection. Moreover, both in vivo and in vitro mixed lymphocyte proliferation assays revealed that hMSC could definitely inhibit the proliferation of AchR-specific lymphocyte. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that hMSC treatment was therapeutically useful in autoimmune myasthenia gravis mice, and the underlying mechanism may relate with their immunomodulatory potential.
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Boey PY, Narayanaswamy A, Zheng C, Perera SA, Htoon HM, Tun TA, Seah SK, Wong TT, Aung T. Imaging of blebs after phacotrabeculectomy with Ologen collagen matrix implants. Br J Ophthalmol 2010; 95:340-4. [DOI: 10.1136/bjo.2009.177758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Zheng C, Voutetakis A, Metzger M, Afione S, Cotrim AP, Eckhaus MA, Rivera VM, Clackson T, Chiorini JA, Donahue RE, Dunbar CE, Baum BJ. Evaluation of a rapamycin-regulated serotype 2 adeno-associated viral vector in macaque parotid glands. Oral Dis 2010; 16:269-77. [PMID: 20374510 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2009.01631.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Salivary glands are useful target organs for local and systemic gene therapeutics. For such applications, the regulation of transgene expression is important. Previous studies by us in murine submandibular glands showed that a rapamycin transcriptional regulation system in a single serotype 2, adeno-associated viral (AAV2) vector was effective for this purpose. This study evaluated if such a vector was similarly useful in rhesus macaque parotid glands. METHODS A recombinant AAV2 vector (AAV-TF-RhEpo-2.3w), encoding rhesus erythropoietin (RhEpo) and a rapamycin-inducible promoter, was constructed. The vector was administered to macaques at either of two doses [1.5 x 10(11) (low dose) or 1.5 x 10(12) (high dose) vector genomes] via cannulation of Stensen's duct. Animals were followed up for 12-14 weeks and treated at intervals with rapamycin (0.1 or 0.5 mg kg(-1)) to induce gene expression. Serum chemistry, hematology, and RhEpo levels were measured at interval. RESULTS AAV-TF-RhEpo-2.3w administration led to low levels of rapamycin-inducible RhEpo expression in the serum of most macaques. In five animals, no significant changes were seen in serum chemistry and hematology values over the study. One macaque, however, developed pneumonia, became anemic and subsequently required euthanasia. After the onset of anemia, a single administration of rapamycin led to significant RhEpo production in this animal. CONCLUSION Administration of AAV-TF-RhEpo-2.3w to macaque parotid glands was generally safe, but led only to low levels of serum RhEpo in healthy animals following rapamycin treatment.
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Zheng C, McCammon JA, Wolynes PG. Quantum simulation of nuclear rearrangement in electron transfer reactions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 86:6441-4. [PMID: 16594063 PMCID: PMC297859 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.86.17.6441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A quantum simulation scheme based on the path integral molecular dynamics technique has been used to calculate the effective activation energies associated with nuclear rearrangement in the electron transfer reactions Co(NH(3))(6) (2+) + Co(NH(3))(6) (3+) --> Co(NH(3))(6) (3+) + Co(NH(3))(6) (2+) and Ru(NH(3))(6) (2+) + Ru(NH(3))(6) (3+) --> Ru(NH(3))(6) (3+) + Ru(NH(3))(6) (2+). Even with a simple Hamiltonian and short time dynamic simulations, the results are in satisfactory agreement with other theoretical calculations. This simulation approach can be used in chemical and biological systems where the reactions are largely controlled by nuclear rearrangements, such as those of electron transfer reactions in some electron carrier proteins.
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Wang BS, Narayanaswamy A, Amerasinghe N, Zheng C, He M, Chan YH, Nongpiur ME, Friedman DS, Aung T. Increased iris thickness and association with primary angle closure glaucoma. Br J Ophthalmol 2010; 95:46-50. [PMID: 20530187 DOI: 10.1136/bjo.2009.178129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the relationship between quantitative iris parameters and angle closure disease. methods: Participants with angle closure were recruited prospectively from glaucoma clinics. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) was performed under standardised dark conditions. Customised software was used on horizontal AS-OCT scans to measure iris thickness at 750 um (IT750) and 2000 um (IT2000) from the sclera spur, maximal iris thickness (ITM) and cross-sectional area of the iris (I-Area). RESULTS 167 Angle closure (consisting of 50 primary angle-closure (PAC), 73 primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) and 44 fellow eyes of acute PAC) and 1153 normal participants were examined. After adjusting for age, sex, pupil size and anterior chamber depth, mean IT750 (0.499 vs 0.451 mm, p<0.001), IT2000 (0.543 vs 0.479 mm, p<0.001), ITM (0.660 vs 0.602 mm, p<0.001) and I-Area (1.645 vs 1.570 mm(2), p=0.014) were significantly greater in angle closure (combined groups) versus normal eyes. Multivariate adjusted odd ratios (OR) of each parameter for the angle closure as compared with normal eyes were: IT750 OR1.7 (95% CI 1.1 to 2.7, p=0.032); IT2000 OR2.2 (95% CI 1.3 to 3.8, p=0.006) and ITM OR2.2 (95% CI 1.3 to 3.6, p=0.003), respectively, per 0.1 unit increase. CONCLUSIONS Increased iris thickness is associated with angle closure.
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Lobanov V, Zheng C, Babiuk L, den Hurk SVDLV. Corrigendum to “Intracellular trafficking of VP22 in bovine herpesvirus-1 infected cells” [Virology 396 (2010) 189–202]. Virology 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2010.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Zhang W, Wang K, Qian X, Xia Y, Zheng C, Zuo X, Wang Y, Cao Q, Wang X, Sun B. Abdominal compartment syndrome associated with capillary leak syndrome after liver transplantation. Transplant Proc 2010; 41:3927-30. [PMID: 19917414 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2009.06.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2008] [Revised: 05/29/2009] [Accepted: 06/24/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Orthotopic liver transplantation was performed in a 49-year-old man with metastatic liver sarcoma. After surgery, both abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) and capillary leak syndrome (CLS) developed. Exploratory laparotomy and colon exteriorization were performed. Five days later, a diagnosis of severe CLS was established, and hydroxyethyl starch was infused to prevent leakage of albumin. The patient gradually recovered over 3 weeks. Awareness of ACS and CLS is important to improve outcome because early diagnosis and immediate therapy are essential. Bladder pressure is a key factor in diagnosing ACS, and pressure of 35 mm Hg is an indication for decompressive laparotomy. During the early stage of CLS, hydroxyethyl starch but not albumin should be used to alleviate edema and hypoalbuminemia.
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Xiao M, Qi F, Chen X, Luo Z, Zhang L, Zheng C, Hu S, Jiang X, Zhou M, Tang J. Functional polymorphism ofcytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4and nasopharyngeal carcinoma susceptibility in a Chinese population. Int J Immunogenet 2010; 37:27-32. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2009.00888.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Lobanov VA, Zheng C, Babiuk LA, van Drunen Littel-van den Hurk S. Intracellular trafficking of VP22 in bovine herpesvirus-1 infected cells. Virology 2009; 396:189-202. [PMID: 19922972 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2009.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2009] [Revised: 08/05/2009] [Accepted: 10/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The intracellular trafficking of different VP22-enhanced yellow fluorescent protein (EYFP) fusion proteins expressed by bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) recombinants was examined by live-cell imaging. Our results demonstrate that (i) the fusion of EYFP to the C terminus of VP22 does not alter the trafficking of the protein in infected cells, (ii) VP22 expressed during BHV-1 infection translocates to the nucleus through three different pathways, namely early mitosis-dependent nuclear translocation, late massive nuclear translocation that follows a prolonged cytoplasmic stage of the protein in non-mitotic cells, and accumulation of a small subset of VP22 in discrete dot-like nuclear domains during its early cytoplasmic stage, (iii) the addition of the SV40 large-T-antigen nuclear localization signal (NLS) to VP22-EYFP abrogates its early cytoplasmic stage, and (iv) the VP22 (131)PRPR(134) NLS is not required for the late massive nuclear translocation of the protein, but this motif is essential for the targeting of VP22 to discrete dot-like nuclear domains during the early cytoplasmic stage. These results show that the amount of VP22 in the nucleus is precisely regulated at different stages of BHV-1 infection and suggest that the early pathways of VP22 nuclear accumulation may be more relevant to the infection process as the late massive nuclear influx starts when most of the viral progeny has already emerged from the cell.
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Voutetakis A, Zheng C, Cotrim AP, Mineshiba F, Afione S, Roescher N, Swaim WD, Metzger M, Eckhaus MA, Donahue RE, Dunbar CE, Chiorini JA, Baum BJ. AAV5-mediated gene transfer to the parotid glands of non-human primates. Gene Ther 2009; 17:50-60. [PMID: 19759566 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2009.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Salivary glands are potentially useful target sites for multiple clinical applications of gene transfer. Previously, we have shown that serotype 2 adeno-associated viral (AAV2) vectors lead to stable gene transfer in the parotid glands of rhesus macaques. As AAV5 vectors result in considerably greater transgene expression in murine salivary glands than do AAV2 vectors, herein we have examined the use of AAV5 vectors in macaques at two different doses (n = 3 per group; 10(10) or 3 x 10(11) particles per gland). AAV5 vector delivery, as with AAV2 vectors, led to no untoward clinical, hematological or serum chemistry responses in macaques. The extent of AAV5-mediated expression of rhesus erythropoietin (RhEpo) was dose-dependent and similar to that seen with an AAV2 vector. However, unlike results with the AAV2 vector, AAV5 vector-mediated RhEpo expression was transient. Maximal expression peaked at day 56, was reduced by approximately 80% on day 84 and thereafter remained near background levels until day 182 (end of experiment). Quantitative PCR studies of high-dose vector biodistribution at this last time point showed much lower AAV5 copy numbers in the targeted parotid gland (approximately 1.7%) than found with the same AAV2 vector dose. Molecular analysis of the conformation of vector DNA indicated a markedly lower level of concatamerization for the AAV5 vector compared with that of a similar AAV2 vector. In addition, cellular immunological studies suggest that host response differences may occur with AAV2 and AAV5 vector delivery at this mucosal site. The aggregate data indicate that results with AAV5 vectors in murine salivary glands apparently do not extend to macaque glands.
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Phillips RS, Zheng C, Pham VT, Andrade FAC, Andrade MAC. Effects of Temperature on Stereochemistry of Enzymatic Reactions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.3109/10242429409065219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Zheng C, Khoo C, Furtado J, Sacks F. Abstract: P937 SHIFT FROM APOE TO APOCIII IN TRIGLYCERIDE-RICH LIPOPROTEIN METABOLISM ESTABLISHES HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA. ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5688(09)71058-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Adriaansen J, Perez P, Goldsmith CM, Zheng C, Baum BJ. Differential sorting of human parathyroid hormone after transduction of mouse and rat salivary glands. Hum Gene Ther 2009; 19:1021-8. [PMID: 18694295 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2008.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene transfer to salivary glands leads to abundant secretion of transgenic protein into either saliva or the bloodstream. This indicates significant clinical potential, depending on the route of sorting. The aim of this study was to probe the sorting characteristics of human parathyroid hormone (hPTH) in two animal models for salivary gland gene transfer. PTH is a key hormone regulating calcium levels in the blood. A recombinant serotype 5 adenoviral vector carrying the hPTH cDNA was administered to the submandibular glands of mice and rats. Two days after delivery, high levels of hPTH were found in the serum of mice, leading to elevated serum calcium levels. Only low amounts of hPTH were found in the saliva. Two days after vector infusion into rats, a massive secretion of hPTH was measured in saliva, with little secretion into serum. Confocal microscopy showed hPTH in the glands, localized basolaterally in mice and apically in rats. Submandibular gland transduction was effective and the produced hPTH was biologically active in vivo. Whereas hPTH sorted toward the basolateral side in mice, in rats hPTH was secreted mainly at the apical side. These results indicate that the interaction between hPTH and the cell sorting machinery is different between mouse and rat salivary glands. Detailed studies in these two species should result in a better understanding of cellular control of transgenic secretory protein sorting in this tissue.
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Greenberg JD, Reed G, Kremer JM, Tindall E, Kavanaugh A, Zheng C, Bishai W, Hochberg MC. Association of methotrexate and tumour necrosis factor antagonists with risk of infectious outcomes including opportunistic infections in the CORRONA registry. Ann Rheum Dis 2009; 69:380-6. [PMID: 19359261 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2008.089276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the association of methotrexate (MTX) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF) antagonists with the risk of infectious outcomes including opportunistic infections in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS Patients with RA enrolled in the Consortium of Rheumatology Researchers of North America (CORRONA) registry prescribed MTX, TNF antagonists or other disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) were included. The primary outcomes were incident overall and opportunistic infections. Incident rate ratios were calculated using generalised estimating equation Poisson regression models adjusted for demographics, comorbidities and RA disease activity measures. RESULTS A total of 7971 patients with RA were followed. The adjusted rate of infections per 100 person-years was increased among users of MTX (30.9, 95% CI 29.2 to 32.7), TNF antagonists (40.1, 95% CI 37.0 to 43.4) and a combination of MTX and TNF antagonists (37.1, 95% CI 34.9 to 39.3) compared with users of other non-biological DMARDs (24.5, 95% CI 21.8 to 27.5). The adjusted incidence rate ratio (IRR) was increased in patients treated with MTX (IRR 1.30, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.50) and TNF antagonists (IRR 1.52, 95% CI 1.30 to 1.78) compared with those treated with other DMARDs. TNF antagonist use was associated with an increased risk of opportunistic infections (IRR 1.67, 95% CI 0.95 to 2.94). Prednisone use was associated with an increased risk of opportunistic infections (IRR 1.63, 95% CI 1.20 to 2.21) and an increased risk of overall infection at doses >10 mg daily (IRR 1.30, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.53). CONCLUSIONS MTX, TNF antagonists and prednisone at doses >10 mg daily were associated with increased risks of overall infections. Low-dose prednisone and TNF antagonists (but not MTX) increased the risk of opportunistic infections.
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Taylor RE, Zheng C, Jackson RP, Doll JC, Chen JC, Holzbaur KRS, Besier T, Kuhl E. The phenomenon of twisted growth: humeral torsion in dominant arms of high performance tennis players. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2009; 12:83-93. [PMID: 18654877 DOI: 10.1080/10255840903077212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This manuscript is driven by the need to understand the fundamental mechanisms that cause twisted bone growth and shoulder pain in high performance tennis players. Our ultimate goal is to predict bone mass density in the humerus through computational analysis. The underlying study spans a unique four level complete analysis consisting of a high-speed video analysis, a musculoskeletal analysis, a finite element based density growth analysis and an X-ray based bone mass density analysis. For high performance tennis players, critical loads are postulated to occur during the serve. From high-speed video analyses, the serve phases of maximum external shoulder rotation and ball impact are identified as most critical loading situations for the humerus. The corresponding posts from the video analysis are reproduced with a musculoskeletal analysis tool to determine muscle attachment points, muscle force vectors and overall forces of relevant muscle groups. Collective representative muscle forces of the deltoid, latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major and triceps are then applied as external loads in a fully 3D finite element analysis. A problem specific nonlinear finite element based density analysis tool is developed to predict functional adaptation over time. The density profiles in response to the identified critical muscle forces during serve are qualitatively compared to X-ray based bone mass density analyses.
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Taylor R, Zheng C, Jackson R, Doll J, Chen J, Holzbaur K, Besier T, Kuhl E. The phenomenon of twisted growth: humeral torsion in dominant arms of high performance tennis players. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/10255840802178046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Wen J, Li L, Chen J, Ji S, Zheng C, Liu Z. Tripterygium wilfordii hook f increase the blood concentration of tacrolimus. Transplant Proc 2008; 40:3679-82. [PMID: 19100464 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2008.08.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2007] [Accepted: 08/12/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the influence of the Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (T II) on the blood concentration of tacrolimus and analyze the impact of this effect. METHOD Twenty-two renal transplant receipts taking tacrolimus combined with the T II were selected for this study. We analyzed the blood concentrations and the rate of concentration compared with dosage (C/D rate) pre- and postcombination over 6 months. All cases underwent the CYP3A5 genotype test. RESULT The concentrations of tacrolimus were raised to a certain degree after the combination in all the cases. The first-time elevation differed from 1 week to 4 months. The C/D rate increased by 1.7 to 7.2 times with most evaluated C/D rates ranging from 1.8 to 3.8. The elevated C/D rate of the subgroup of CYP3A5 1/1 and 1/3 (n = 10) contrasted with the 3/3 genotype subgroup (n = 12: 2.99 +/- 1.71 vs 2.55 +/- 1.07; P = .472). The mycophenolate mofetil subgroup (n = 17) was not contrasted to the mizoribine subgroup (n = 5: 2.85 +/- 1.51 vs 2.31 +/- 0.26; P = .498). CONCLUSION T II considerably increased the blood concentration and the C/D rate of tacrolimus. The degree of increase was probably not related to the CYP3A5 genotype and the combination of immunosuppressive agents.
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