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Tycko R. Molecular dynamics, phase diagrams and electronic properties of fullerenes and alkali fullerides: insights from solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 1994; 3:303-314. [PMID: 7842275 DOI: 10.1016/0926-2040(94)90014-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements have made important contributions to the current understanding of the structural, dynamical, and electronic properties of fullerenes (C60 and C70) and the alkali fullerides AxC60 (A = alkali metal). These measurements and their interpretation are reviewed. One- and two-dimensional 13C NMR lineshapes and spin-lattice relaxation rates provide evidence for rapid molecular rotations and orientational order-disorder transitions in the fullerenes and alkali fullerides. The kinetics of molecular reorientations are determined from the NMR data. 13C and alkali metal NMR spectra indicate that the alkali fullerides are stoichiometric compounds. Each stable, stoichiometric phase has distinctive NMR signatures. 13C and alkali metal NMR spectra and relaxation measurements provide valuable and unique information about the electronic properties of the metallic, superconducting, and non-metallic phases of the alkali fullerides.
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177
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Iwasa Y, Arima T, Fleming RM, Siegrist T, Zhou O, Haddon RC, Rothberg LJ, Lyons KB, Carter HL, Hebard AF, Tycko R, Dabbagh G, Krajewski JJ, Thomas GA, Yagi T. New Phases of C
60
Synthesized at High Pressure. Science 1994; 264:1570-2. [PMID: 17769600 DOI: 10.1126/science.264.5165.1570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The fullerene C(60) can be converted into two different structures by high pressure and temperature. They are metastable and revert to pristine C(60) on reheating to 300 degrees C at ambient pressure. For synthesis temperatures between 300 degrees and 400 degrees C and pressures of 5 gigapascals, a nominal face-centered-cubic structure is produced with a lattice parameter a(o) = 13.6 angstroms. When treated at 500 degrees to 800 degrees C at the same pressure, C(60) transforms into a rhombohedral structure with hexagonal lattice parameters of a(o) = 9.22 angstroms and c(o) = 24.6 angstroms. The intermolecular distance is small enough that a chemical bond can form, in accord with the reduced solubility of the pressure-induced phases. Infrared, Raman, and nuclear magnetic resonance studies show a drastic reduction of icosahedral symmetry, as might occur if the C(60) molecules are linked.
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178
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Barrett SE, Tycko R, Pfeiffer LN, West KW. Directly detected nuclear magnetic resonance of optically pumped GaAs quantum wells. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1994; 72:1368-1371. [PMID: 10056695 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.72.1368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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179
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Tycko R, Dabbagh G, Vaughan GBM, Heiney PA, Strongin RM, Cichy MA, Smith AB. Molecular orientational dynamics in solid C70: Investigation by one‐ and two‐dimensional magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance. J Chem Phys 1993. [DOI: 10.1063/1.465685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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180
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Tycko R, Dabbagh G, Murphy DW, Zhu Q, Fischer JE. Electronic properties and phase transitions of RbC60 and CsC60: Investigation by NMR spectroscopy. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1993; 48:9097-9105. [PMID: 10007131 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.48.9097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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181
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Tycko R, Smith SO. Symmetry principles in the design of pulse sequences for structural measurements in magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance. J Chem Phys 1993. [DOI: 10.1063/1.465078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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182
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Barrett SE, Tycko R. Molecular orientational dynamics in K3C60 probed by two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1992; 69:3754-3757. [PMID: 10046905 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.69.3754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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183
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Fleming RM, Hessen B, Siegrist T, Kortan AR, Marsh P, Tycko R, Dabbagh G, Haddon RC. Crystalline Fullerenes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-1992-0481.ch002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
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184
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Haddon RC, Hebard AF, Rosseinsky MJ, Murphy DW, Glarum SH, Palstra TTM, Ramirez AP, Duclos SJ, Fleming RM, Siegrist T, Tycko R. Conductivity and Superconductivity in Alkali Metal Doped C60. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-1992-0481.ch005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
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185
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Tycko R, Dabbagh G, Kurtz SR, Goral JP. Quantitative study of atomic ordering in Ga0.5In0.5P thin films by 31P nuclear magnetic resonance. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1992; 45:13452-13457. [PMID: 10001431 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.45.13452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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186
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Tycko R, Dabbagh G, Rosseinsky MJ, Murphy DW, Ramirez AP, Fleming RM. Electronic properties of normal and superconducting alkali fullerides probed by 13C nuclear magnetic resonance. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1992; 68:1912-1915. [PMID: 10045252 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.68.1912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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187
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Fleming RM, Rosseinsky MJ, Ramirez AP, Murphy DW, Tully JC, Haddon RC, Siegrist T, Tycko R, Glarum SH, Marsh P, Dabbagh G, Zahurak SM, Makhija AV, Hampton C. Erratum: Preparation and structure of the alkali-metal fulleride, A4C60. Nature 1991. [DOI: 10.1038/353868c0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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188
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Tycko R, Dabbagh G, Fleming RM, Haddon RC, Makhija AV, Zahurak SM. Molecular dynamics and the phase transition in solid C60. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1991; 67:1886-1889. [PMID: 10044276 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.67.1886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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189
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Tycko R, Dabbagh G, Rosseinsky MJ, Murphy DW, Fleming RM, Ramirez AP, Tully JC. 13
C NMR Spectroscopy of K
x
C
60
: Phase Separation, Molecular Dynamics, and Metallic Properties. Science 1991; 253:884-6. [PMID: 17751823 DOI: 10.1126/science.253.5022.884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The results of (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements on alkali fullerides KxC(60) are reported. The NMR spectra demonstrate that material with 0 < x < 3 is in fact a two-phase system at equilibrium, with x = 0 and x = 3. NMR lineshapes indicate that C(3-)(60) ions rotate rapidly in the K(3)C(60) phase at 300 K, while C(6)-(60) ions in the insulating K(6)C(60) phase are static on the time scale of the lineshape measurement. The temperature dependence of the (13)C spin-lattice relaxation rate in the normal state of K(3)C(60) is found to be characteristic of a metal, indicating the important role of the C(3-)(60) ions in the conductivity. From the relaxation measurements, an estimate of the density of electronic states at the Fermi level is derived.
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Fleming RM, Rosseinsky MJ, Ramirez AP, Murphy DW, Tully JC, Haddon RC, Siegrist T, Tycko R, Glarum SH, Marsh P, Dabbagh G, Zahurak SM, Makhija AV, Hampton C. Preparation and structure of the alkali-metal fulleride A4C60. Nature 1991. [DOI: 10.1038/352701a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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191
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Fleming RM, Kortan AR, Hessen B, Siegrist T, Thiel FA, Marsh P, Haddon RC, Tycko R, Dabbagh G, Kaplan ML, Mujsce AM. Pseudotenfold symmetry in pentane-solvated C60 and C70. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1991; 44:888-891. [PMID: 9999206 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.44.888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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192
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Tycko R, Dabbagh G. Measurement of nuclear magnetic dipole—dipole couplings in magic angle spinning NMR. Chem Phys Lett 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(90)87235-j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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193
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194
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195
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Tycko R, Dabbagh G, Mirau PA. Determination of chemical-shift-anisotropy Lineshapes in a two-dimensional magic-angle-spinning NMR experiment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-2364(89)90142-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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196
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Warren WW, Walstedt RE, Brennert GF, Cava RJ, Tycko R, Bell RF, Dabbagh G. Cu spin dynamics and superconducting precursor effects in planes above Tc in YBa2Cu3O6.7. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1989; 62:1193-1196. [PMID: 10039600 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.62.1193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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197
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Walstedt RE, Warren WW, Tycko R, Bell RF, Brennert GF, Cava RJ, Schneemeyer L, Waszczak J. Site assignment for copper nuclear-quadrupole-resonance lines in YBa2Cu3O7- delta. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1988; 38:9303-9306. [PMID: 9945740 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.38.9303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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198
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Tycko R. Zero-field nuclear magnetic resonance in high field: The untruncation of dipole-dipole couplings by coherent averaging. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1988; 60:2734-2737. [PMID: 10038438 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.60.2734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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199
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Sleator T, Tycko R. Observation of individual organic molecules at a crystal surface with use of a scanning tunneling microscope. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1988; 60:1418-1421. [PMID: 10038033 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.60.1418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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200
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Stewart PL, Tycko R, Opella SJ. Peptide backbone conformation by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1988. [DOI: 10.1039/f19888403803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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