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Meng FL, Zhou QH, Zhang LL, Ma Q, Shao Y, Ren YY. Antineoplastic therapy combined with whole brain radiation compared with whole brain radiation alone for brain metastases: a systematic review and meta-analysis. EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2013; 17:777-787. [PMID: 23609361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The standard treatment for brain metastases is whole brain radiation, but the medium survival is about 3-10 months and hadn't be improved for years. AIM This study was to evaluate the effect of antineoplastic therapy combined with whole brain radiation for brain metastases. MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, China Journal Full Text Database and references of the included studies up to May 2011. Randomized controlled trials involving antineoplastic combined with whole brain radiation compare with whole brain radiation alone for brain metastases were analysed. Study selection, data collection and quality assessment of studies were performed by two individual reviewers according to the Cochrane Handbook for systematic reviews of interventions 5.0.2. Statistic analyses were calculated using RevMan5.0.17 software. 9 randomized controlled trails, a total of 1582 patients were included. RESULTS There were no significant differences in overall survival, six to twenty-four months survival rate and death from central nervous system (CNS) cause, only the objective response rate was statistically higher in the combined group. (RR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.10, 1.97; p = 0.009) Subgroup analysis of lung cancer got the same result, except that death from central nervous system (CNS) cause was higher in the combined therapy group, it was statistical significant (RR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.53, 0.93; p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The benefit of antineoplastic combined with whole brain radiation for brain metastases was not concerned, either in the brain metastases from unselected primary tumors or lung cancer.
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Jia M, Li D, He X, Zhao Y, Peng H, Ma P, Hong K, Liang H, Shao Y. Impaired natural killer cell-induced antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity is associated with human immunodeficiency virus-1 disease progression. Clin Exp Immunol 2013. [PMID: 23199330 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2012.04672.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluates the correlation between natural killer (NK) cell function and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 disease progression in 133 untreated HIV-1 positive Chinese subjects, including 41 former plasma donors (FPDs) and 92 men who have sex with men, and 35 HIV-negative controls. Flow cytometry was used to determine the abundance of NK cell subsets, the expression levels of receptor species, human leucocyte antigen (HLA) genotyping and the antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) responses of NK cells. We observed a decreased expression of CD56(dim) CD16(+) NK cell subsets and an increased expression of CD56(-) CD16(+) with HIV-1 infection. As well, the expression of activating and inhibitory receptors increased significantly in NK cells, but CD16 receptor levels and the NKG2A/NKG2C ratio were down-regulated with HIV-1 infection. ADCC responses were higher in elite controllers than in all other groups, and were correlated inversely with HIV-1 viral load but correlated positively with CD4 count only in FPDs. Furthermore, individuals infected for < 1 year have lower ADCC responses than those infected for > 1 year. We also observed a negative association between ADCC responses and viral load in those who carry the HLA-A*30/B*13/Cw*06 haplotype. The positive correlation between CD16 expression and ADCC responses and a negative correlation trend between CD158a and ADCC responses were also observed (P = 0·058). Our results showed that the ADCC response is associated with patients' disease status, receptor expression levels, infection time and specific HLA alleles, which indicates that ADCC may offer protective effects against HIV-1 infection.
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Shao Y, Wall EH, McFadden TB, Misra Y, Qian X, Blauwiekel R, Kerr D, Zhao FQ. Lactogenic hormones stimulate expression of lipogenic genes but not glucose transporters in bovine mammary gland. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2013; 44:57-69. [PMID: 23063409 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2012.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Revised: 08/14/2012] [Accepted: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
During the onset of lactation, there is a dramatic increase in the expression of glucose transporters (GLUT) and a group of enzymes involved in milk fat synthesis in the bovine mammary gland. The objective of this study was to investigate whether the lactogenic hormones mediate both of these increases. Bovine mammary explants were cultured for 48, 72, or 96 h with the following hormone treatments: no hormone (control), IGF-I, insulin (Ins), Ins + hydrocortisone + ovine prolactin (InsHPrl), or Ins + hydrocortisone + prolactin + 17β-estradiol (InsHPrlE). The relative expression of β-casein, α-lactalbumin, sterol regulatory element binding factor 1 (SREBF1), fatty acid synthase (FASN), acetyl-CoA carboxylase α (ACACA), stearyol-CoA desaturase (SCD), GLUT1, GLUT8, and GLUT12 were measured by real-time PCR. Exposure to the lactogenic hormone combinations InsHPrl and InsHPrlE for 96 h stimulated expression of β-casein and α-lactalbumin mRNA by several hundred-fold and also increased the expression of SREBF1, FASN, ACACA, and SCD genes in mammary explants (P < 0.01). However, those hormone combinations had no effect on GLUT1 or GLUT8 expression and inhibited GLUT12 expression by 50% after 72 h of treatment (P < 0.05). In separate experiments, the expression of GLUTs in the mouse mammary epithelial cell line HC11 or in bovine primary mammary epithelial cells was not increased by lactogenic hormone treatments. Moreover, treatment of dairy cows with bovine prolactin had no effect on GLUT expression in the mammary gland. In conclusion, lactogenic hormones clearly stimulate expression of milk protein and lipogenic genes, but they do not appear to mediate the marked up-regulation of GLUT expression in the mammary gland during the onset of lactation.
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Scharin Täng M, Redfors B, Lindbom M, Svensson J, Ramunddal T, Ohlsson C, Shao Y, Omerovic E. Importance of circulating IGF-1 for normal cardiac morphology, function and post infarction remodeling. Growth Horm IGF Res 2012; 22:206-211. [PMID: 23102937 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2012.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Revised: 08/17/2012] [Accepted: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
IGF-1 plays an important role in cardiovascular homeostasis, and plasma levels of IGF-1 correlate inversely with systolic function in heart failure. It is not known to what extent circulating IGF-1 secreted by the liver and local autocrine/paracrine IGF-1 expressed in the myocardium contribute to these beneficial effects on cardiac function and morphology. In the present study, we used a mouse model of liver-specific inducible deletion of the IGF-1 gene (LI-IGF-1 -/- mouse) in an attempt to evaluate the importance of circulating IGF-I on cardiac morphology and function under normal and pathological conditions, with an emphasis on its regulatory role in myocardial phosphocreatine metabolism. Echocardiography was performed in LI-IGF-1 -/- and control mice at rest and during dobutamine stress, both at baseline and post myocardial infarction (MI). High-energy phosphate metabolites were compared between LI-IGF-1 -/- and control mice at 4 weeks post MI. We found that LI-IGF-1 -/- mice had significantly greater left ventricular dimensions at baseline and showed a greater relative increase in cardiac dimensions, as well as deterioration of cardiac function, post MI. Myocardial creatine content was 17.9% lower in LI-IGF-1 -/- mice, whereas there was no detectable difference in high-energy nucleotides. These findings indicate an important role of circulating IGF-1 in preserving cardiac structure and function both in physiological settings and post MI.
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Hsieh YH, Ruan Y, Chen CWS, Shi W, Li D, Luo F, Shao Y. HIV prevalence and underreporting of men who have sex with men in Beijing. Int J STD AIDS 2012; 23:606-7. [PMID: 22930305 DOI: 10.1258/ijsa.2012.011393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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181
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Nelson C, Kim S, Shen S, Shao Y, Mayer T, Moore D, Lu-Yao G. Certificate of Need (CON) Status and its Impact on Overtreatment of Low-risk Prostate Cancer in the Elderly. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2012.07.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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182
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Lin H, Zhang Y, Wang H, Xu D, Meng X, Shao Y, Lin C, Ye Y, Qian H, Wang S. Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-3 transfer suppresses malignant behaviors of colorectal cancer cells. Cancer Gene Ther 2012; 19:845-51. [DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2012.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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183
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Xia W, Shao Y, Wang Y, Wang X, Chi Y. Asymmetric dimethylarginine and carotid atherosclerosis in Type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Endocrinol Invest 2012; 35:824-7. [PMID: 23135319 DOI: 10.1007/bf03347101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) concentration is elevated in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). AIM To assess the relationship between plasma ADMA concentration and carotid atherosclerosis in patients with T2DM. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A total of 72 newly diagnosed and untreated T2DM individuals and 72 healthy controls were studied. Carotid atherosclerosis was determined by ultrasonographically evaluated intima- media thickness (IMT) and plaque score. Plasma concentration of ADMA was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS Plasma ADMA, mean IMT, and plaque score were higher in diabetic patients compared with controls. Univariate and multivariate analyses demonstrated an independent association between ADMA and mean IMT in diabetic patients. On a multiple logistic regression analysis, ADMA was the sole predictor of carotid plaque formation (plaque score ≥1.1) (odds ratio 2.43, 95% confidence interval 1.19 to 4.94, p<0.05). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that increased levels of ADMA might be involved in the development of carotid atherosclerosis in T2DM.
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He X, Liang H, Zhao Y, Peng H, Liu D, Shao Y. Two independent functions of Vγ2Vδ2 T cells discriminated by CD16 during HIV-1 infection. Retrovirology 2012. [PMCID: PMC3441974 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-9-s2-p169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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He X, Peng H, Luo Z, Liu D, Liang H, Shao Y. Expression and function of FcγRII on NK cells in rhesus macaques. Retrovirology 2012. [PMCID: PMC3442045 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-9-s2-p38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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186
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Rendleman J, Shang S, Brocia C, Ma M, Shapiro R, Berman R, Pavlick A, Shao Y, Osman I, Kirchhoff T. The Melanoma Risk Loci as Determinants of Melanoma Prognosis. Ann Oncol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s0923-7534(20)33705-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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187
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Hao J, Hong K, Chen J, Jia M, Ruan Y, Shao Y. Human leukocyte antigen class I supertypes and viral control in HIV-1 infected former plasma donors from China. Retrovirology 2012. [PMCID: PMC3441586 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-9-s2-p167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Liu Z, Hong K, Jia M, Hao J, Gao Z, Liu S, Ruan Y, Xing H, Shao Y. Highly expression of Tim-3 on HIV-specific T cells associated with disease progression and T-cell exhaustion in HIV-1 infected Chinese. Retrovirology 2012. [PMCID: PMC3442026 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-9-s2-p270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
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Hou J, Liu Y, Shao Y. CYPA, a novel and potential genetic adjuvant enhanced HIV-1 DNA vaccine immunoreactivity. Retrovirology 2012. [PMCID: PMC3441644 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-9-s2-p3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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190
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Hu YA, Lu JC, Shao Y, Huang YF, Lü NQ. Comparison of the semen analysis results obtained from two branded computer-aided sperm analysis systems. Andrologia 2012; 45:315-8. [PMID: 22928934 DOI: 10.1111/and.12010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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191
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Smirnakis SM, Keliris GA, Shao Y, Papanikolaou A, Logothetis NK. Population receptive field measurements in macaque visual cortex. J Vis 2012. [DOI: 10.1167/12.9.1397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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192
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Bentley PA, Shao Y, Misra Y, Morielli AD, Zhao FQ. Characterization of bovine glucose transporter 1 kinetics and substrate specificities in Xenopus oocytes. J Dairy Sci 2012; 95:1188-97. [PMID: 22365203 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2011-4430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2011] [Accepted: 11/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Glucose is an essential substrate for lactose synthesis and an important energy source in milk production. Glucose uptake in the mammary gland, therefore, plays a critical role in milk synthesis. Facilitative glucose transporters (GLUT) mediate glucose uptake in the mammary gland. Glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) is the major facilitative glucose transporter expressed in the bovine mammary gland and has been shown to localize to the basolateral membrane of mammary epithelial cells. Glucose transporter 1 is, therefore, thought to play a major role in glucose uptake during lactation. The objective of this study was to determine the transport kinetic properties and substrate specificity of bovine GLUT1 using the Xenopus oocyte model. Bovine GLUT1 (bGLUT1) was expressed in Xenopus oocytes by microinjection of in vitro transcribed cRNA and was found to be localized to the plasma membrane, which resulted in increased glucose uptake. This bGLUT1-mediated glucose uptake was dramatically inhibited by specific facilitative glucose transport inhibitors, cytochalasin B, and phloretin. Kinetic analysis of bovine and human GLUT1 was conducted under zero-trans conditions using radio-labeled 2-deoxy-D-glucose and the principles of Michaelis-Menten kinetics. Bovine GLUT1 exhibited a Michaelis constant (K(m)) of 9.8 ± 3.0mM for 2-deoxy-d-glucose, similar to 11.7 ± 3.7 mM for human GLUT1. Transport by bGLUT1 was inhibited by mannose and galactose, but not fructose, indicating that bGLUT1 may also be able to transport mannose and galactose. Our data provides functional insight into the transport properties of bGLUT1 in taking up glucose across mammary epithelial cells for milk synthesis.
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Shao Y, Sun X, Lan K, Bircher C. WE-C-217BCD-10: Development of High Performance PET for Animal Imaging and Therapy Applications. Med Phys 2012; 39:3951. [PMID: 28520023 DOI: 10.1118/1.4736126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE A prototype small animal PET is developed with several novel technologies to measure 3D gamma-interaction positions and to substantially improve imaging performance. METHODS Each new detector has an 8×8 array of 1.95×1.95×30 mm̂3 LYSO scintillators, with each end optically connected to a solid-state photo multiplier (SSPM) array through a light guide. This dual-ended-readout enables the depth-of-interaction (DOI) measurement. Each SSPM array has 16 SSPMs arranged in a 4×4 matrix. Each SSPM has active area about 3×3 mm̂2, with its output read by an ASIC electronics that directly converts analog signals to digital timing pulses which encode the interaction information for energy, timing, crystal of interaction, and DOI calculations. These digital pulses are transferred to and decoded by FPGA-based TDC for coincident event selection and data acquisition. This independent readout of each SSPM and parallel signal process significantly improve signal-to-noise ratio and permit applying flexible data processing algorithms. The current prototype system consists of two rotating detector panels on a portable gantry, with 4 detectors linearly packed together in each panel to provide ∼16 mm axial and variable trans- axial FOV with adjustable panel-to-panel distance. List-mode OSEM-based image reconstruction with resolution modeling was implemented. Both Na- 22 point source and phantom were used to evaluate the system performance. RESULTS The measured energy, timing, spatial and DOI resolutions for each crystal were around 16%, 2.6 ns, 2.0 mm and 5.0 mm, respectively. The measured spatial resolutions with DOI were ∼1.7 mm across the entire FOV in all direction, while those without DOI were much worse and non-uniform across the FOV, in the range predominately around 3.0 to 4.0 mm. In addition, images from a F-18 hot-rod phantom with DOI show significantly improved quality compared to those without DOI. CONCLUSIONS DOI- measurable PET shows substantially improved image performance for a compact system. National Institute of Health. University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center.
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Yin S, Jin B, Zhong W, Lu Y, Zhang Y, Shao Y, Liu H. Solids Holdup of High Flux Circulating Fluidized Bed at Elevated Pressure. Chem Eng Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201100486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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195
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Zan P, Ren P, Shao Y, Jiang E, Zhu X. Study on reconstruction of rectal sensation based on wavelet packet analysis and SVM strategy. J Med Eng Technol 2012; 36:205-9. [PMID: 22455610 DOI: 10.3109/03091902.2011.626840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
To control anal incontinence, we have developed an artificial anal sphincter system with sensor feedback. The artificial anal sphincter system is a novel hydraulic-electric muscle which mainly comprises an artificial anal sphincter, a wireless power supply subsystem, and a rectal sensation reconstruction subsystem. To investigate the features of the patients' rectal sensation, we have developed an in vitro experimental platform of artificial anal sphincter. In vitro experiments have been performed, and demonstrate that the traditional threshold method is not suitable for predicting the time for defecation. The traditional threshold method only uses single-dimensional pressure time series which may contain a few interdependent components simultaneously. A wavelet packet analysis algorithm is employed to extract the feature vector of the rectal pressure signal, then the rectal sensation prediction model is constructed based on a support vector machine for defecation pattern recognition. The results show that the proposed method is an effective approach for the reconstruction of patients' rectal sensation.
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Chen Y, Wu Q, Shao Y, Zhang J, Guan M, Wan J, Yu B, Zhang W. Identify the association between polymorphisms of BLK and systemic lupus erythematosus through unlabelled probe-based high-resolution melting analysis. Int J Immunogenet 2012; 39:321-7. [PMID: 22313735 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2012.01094.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex immune disease. The genetic variation in the B lymphoid tyrosine kinase (BLK) gene was found to associate with SLE in Caucasian population. However, the association of rs13277113 and rs4840568 with SLE was not extensively studied in Chinese population. In this study, we aim to test the association of SNP rs13277113 and rs4840568 with the disease risk of SLE in Chinese mainland population. A total of 532 patients with SLE and 576 controls were recruited. Unlabelled probe-based high-resolution melting analysis (HRMA) was used in genotyping. HRMA with unlabelled probe successfully distinguished all genotypes. Significant differences were observed in both genotype and allele frequencies for rs13277113 and rs4840568. Minor alleles of rs13277113 (P = 4.2E-05, odds ratio [OR] 0.66, [95% CI 0.54-0.81]) and rs4840568 (P = 7.1E-05, OR 0.67, [95% CI 0.55-0.82]) were found to be protective against SLE. Polymorphisms of rs13277113 and rs4840568 in BLK gene were associated with SLE in Chinese population.
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Gargani L, Pingitore A, De Marchi D, Guiducci S, Doveri M, Bazzichi M, Matucci-Cerenic M, Bombardieri S, Lombardi M, Picano E, Ferferieva V, Claus P, Heyde B, Rademakers F, D'hooge J, Redfors B, Scharin Tang M, Shao Y, Omerovic E, Radovanovic S, Simic D, Ninkovic N, Krotin M, Djordjevic-Dikic A, Dekleva M, Simic T, Yilmazer MM, Guven B, Oner T, Demirpence S, Doksoz O, Mese T, Tavli V, Stefani L, Mercuri R, Toncelli L, Manetti P, De Luca A, Moretti A, Di Tante V, Innocenti G, Galanti G, Santos Furtado M, Rodrigues AC, Arruda AL, Pinheiro J, Souza T, Lira-Filho E, Carvalho F, Silvestre O, Farias A, Andrade JL, Pajak A, Szyszka A, Szymanowska K, Wierzchowiecki M, Michalski M, Nowicka A, Dankowski R, Religa L, Tykarski A, Gaber R, Gaber R, Kotb N, Kassem E, El Saadany H, El Sergany M, Salah W, Sade L, Atar I, Ozin B, Corut H, Demirtas S, Demir O, Muderrisoglu H. Moderated Poster Sessions 5: Cardiovascular remodeling: from bench to bedside * Saturday 10 December 2011, 08:30-12:30 * Location: Moderated Poster Area. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY 2011. [DOI: 10.1093/ejechocard/jer217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Sugarman J, Corneli A, Donnell D, Liu TY, Rose S, Celentano D, Jackson B, Aramrattana A, Wei L, Shao Y, Liping F, Baoling R, Dye B, Metzger D. Are there adverse consequences of quizzing during informed consent for HIV research? JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ETHICS 2011; 37:693-7. [PMID: 21653649 PMCID: PMC3200567 DOI: 10.1136/jme.2011.042358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION While quizzing during informed consent for research to ensure understanding has become commonplace, it is unclear whether the quizzing itself is problematic for potential participants. In this study, we address this issue in a multinational HIV prevention research trial enrolling injection drug users in China and Thailand. METHODS Enrolment procedures included an informed consent comprehension quiz. An informed consent survey followed. RESULTS 525 participants completed the informed consent survey (Heng County, China¼255, Xinjiang, China¼229, Chiang Mai, Thailand¼41). Mean age was 33 and mean educational level was 8 yrs. While quizzing was felt to be a good way to determine if a person understands the nature of clinical trial participation (97%) and participants did not generally find the quiz to be problematic, minorities of respondents felt pressured (6%); anxious (5%); bored (5%); minded (5%); and did not find the questions easy (13%). In multivariate analysis, lower educational level was associated with not minding the quizzing (6e10 yrs vs 0e5 yrs: OR¼0.27, p¼0.03; more than 11 yrs vs 0e5 yrs: OR¼0.18, p¼0.03). There were also site differences (Heng County vs Xinjiang) in feeling anxious (OR¼0.07; p¼<0.01), not minding (OR¼0.26; p¼0.03), being bored (OR¼0.25; p¼0.01) and not finding the questions easy (OR¼0.10; p¼<0.01). CONCLUSIONS Quizzing during the informed consent process can be problematic for a minority of participants. These problems may be associated with the setting in which research takes place and educational level. Further research is needed to develop, test and implement alternative methods of ensuring comprehension of informed consent. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov number NCT00270257.
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Thurston GD, Lall R, Shao Y, Ahn J, Park Y, Hayes RB. P1-355 Long-term PM2.5 air pollution exposure and mortality among California residents in the NIH-AARP cohort. Br J Soc Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/jech.2011.142976f.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Li D, Chen J, Jia M, Hong K, Ruan Y, Liang H, Liu S, Zhang X, Zhao H, Peng H, Ma P, Shao Y. Loss of balance between T helper type 17 and regulatory T cells in chronic human immunodeficiency virus infection. Clin Exp Immunol 2011; 165:363-71. [PMID: 21707592 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2011.04435.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to characterize the changes of CD4(+) CD25(high) forkhead box P3 (FoxP3(+) ) regulatory T cells (T(reg) ), interleukin (IL)-17 secreting T helper type 17 (Th17) cell frequencies and the balance of these two subsets in a cohort of chronic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected patients in China. A total of 115 untreated chronic HIV-infected individuals and 32 healthy donors were recruited in this study. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from ethylenediamine tetracetic acid (EDTA) anti-coagulated fresh whole blood and stained to characterize the frequencies of T(reg) and Th17. Of a total 115 patients, 42 individuals including 10 elite controllers were followed-up for more than 1 year, and changes of T(reg) and Th17 frequencies were analysed over time. The continuous loss of Th17 cells was accompanied by a concomitant rise in the frequency of T(reg) cells, resulting in a loss of Th17/T(reg) balance during the progressive HIV infection. Meanwhile, the T(reg) levels, Th17 levels and Th17/T(reg) ratios of the elite controller group were comparable to those of the HIV-1 negative controls in the follow-up study. Additionally, we demonstrated that loss of balance between Th17 and T(reg) is associated with an earlier CD4 T cell decline during the course of HIV infection. Our results indicate that a loss of immune-balance of Th17 to T(reg) during HIV-1 disease progression and the persistence of such an immune-balance in the elite controllers may have a critical role in HIV-1 infection and further shed new light into understanding the pathogenesis of HIV-1.
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