Identification of T-lymphocytes in human renal allografts and urine by the fluorescent antibody technique using anti-human T-lymphocyte serum (AHTS)

Immunopathological investigations of the small round cells infiltrating into the tissues of human renal allografts and also those in urinary sediments were performed, using anti-human T-lymphocyte serum (AHTS). AHTS made from ALS is highly specific for T cells, but not for B cells. Tissues obtained by needle biopsy were examined by immunofluorescent staining and conventional histopathological methods. Urinary sediments were obtained from centrifugated fresh urine. Sediments were checked by immunofluorescent and Giemsa staining. Fluorescent positive cells were seen in the interstitial tissues and occasionally in renal glomeruli. Clustered cell-debris in the lumen of renal tubules was also stained by AHTS. In the urinary sediments, about a half of the lymphoic cells were stained by AHTS. The relationship between lymphocyturia and numerous infiltrating cells in the grafts during the rejection crisis has not been clarified. In this experiments, we tried to identify the detailed process of excretion of T cells to urine from renal tissues, using immunopathological methods.

Reactive lymphocyte blastogenesis in canine renal transplantation

Reactive lymphocyte blastogenesis was investigated by 3H-thymidine uptake of peripheral lymphocytes. Canine renal allotransplantations were performed in 19 dogs, which were divided into three groups by different immunosuppressive therapies. The first group, not treated with any immunosuppressants, showed the highest 3H-thymidine uptake, but the third group, treated with prednisolone (1.5 mg/kg/day) and azathioprine (4 mg/kg/day), did not show remarkable 3H-thymidine uptake except for 2 dogs which died of severe acute rejection. Single use of prednisolone (second group) was less effective in suppression of blastogenesis compared with the combined use of azathioprine and prednisolone. In addition to these experiments, the effects of surgical operation, blood transfusion, and infection on lymphocyte blastogenesis were investigated. Renal autotransplantation did not produce remarkable blastogenesis, but blood transfusion and infection caused strong lymphocyte blastogenesis. Periodical increases of 3H-thymidine uptake were observed in the infected animal.

Quantitative studies o the activities of anti-human tonsil sera and anti-human spleen sera against B lymphocyte

Anti-human B lymphocyte serum (AHBS) was obtained by absorbing rabbit anti-human tonsil serum (ATOS) or rabbit anti-human spleen serum (ASPS) with human red cells, liver, neutrophils, thymocytes and glutaraldehyde insolubilized human serum. Specificities of AHBS were checked by the cytotoxicity test, inhibition test of EAC-rosetting and inhibition of PWM responses. Raji cells of Burkitt's lymphoma originating from B-cells and acknowledged as non-immunoglobulin bearing on the cell surface were stained with AHBS according to the immunofluorescent technique. ATOS showed a higher cytotoxic titer against peripheral B-cells and inhibited EAC-rosetting stronger than ASPS did. On the other hand, macrophages in peripheral blood, Kupffer cells in the liver and certain cells of the thymus-medulla were stained with ASPA, but not with ATOS, even after intensively absorbing ASPS with thymocytes.

Some properties of rabbit anti-human thymus serum

A highly specific anti-human T lymphocyte serum (AHTS) was obtained by sequentially absorbing rabbit anti-human thymocyte serum (ATS) with human red cells, neutrophils, Burkitt's lymphoma cells (Daudi cells), liver, kidney and glutaraldehyde insolubilized human serum. The immunofluorescent staining revealed that the basement membrane of human renal glomeruli reacts with AHTS before being absorbed with kidney. Specificities of AHTS were studied by the cytotoxicity test, inhibition of PHA responses, inhibition of E-resulting and immunofluorescent staining.

The effect of oxisuran on differential inhibition of cell-mediated immunity

Oxisuran, 2-[(methylsulfinyl) acetyl] pyridine suppressed allogeneic skin graft rejection in rats. In PHA responses and one way mixed lymphocyte culture, suppression of cell-mediated immunity was indicated. However, little inhibition of PFCs was observed with Oxisuran, and unlike Azathioprine or Neocarzinostatin, Oxisuran did not concomitantly suppress antibody-producing system in rats. These data suggest that selective suppression of cell-mediated immunological responses by Oxisuran is possible in rats, and Oxisuran may be a better immunosuppressant for clinical organ transplantation.