1
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Karnbrock SBH, Golz C, Alcarazo M. P(V)-bis(amidophenolate) ligand cooperation: stoichiometric CO-bond cleavage in aldehydes and ketones. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:6745-6748. [PMID: 38864327 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc02202e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
The cooperation between a geometrically constrained, highly electrophilic phosphorus(V) center, and an electronically rich tetradentate bis(amidophenolate) ligand enables the cleavage of the CO bond from typical aldehydes and ketones delivering iminio phosphoramidate species. The amphiphilic nature of these products, which is demonstrated through their reaction with typical Lewis acids and bases, enables their use as a mild source of silylium cations from silanes, allowing the selective reductive coupling of aldehydes to ethers under catalytic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon B H Karnbrock
- Institute of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Christopher Golz
- Institute of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Manuel Alcarazo
- Institute of Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
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2
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Kim SG, Kim D, Oh J, Son YJ, Jeong S, Kim J, Hwang SJ. Phosphorus-Ligand Redox Cooperative Catalysis: Unraveling Four-Electron Dioxygen Reduction Pathways and Reactive Intermediates. J Am Chem Soc 2024. [PMID: 38597246 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c01748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
The reduction of dioxygen to water is crucial in biology and energy technologies, but it is challenging due to the inertness of triplet oxygen and complex mechanisms. Nature leverages high-spin transition metal complexes for this, whereas main-group compounds with their singlet state and limited redox capabilities exhibit subdued reactivity. We present a novel phosphorus complex capable of four-electron dioxygen reduction, facilitated by unique phosphorus-ligand redox cooperativity. Spectroscopic and computational investigations attribute this cooperative reactivity to the unique electronic structure arising from the geometry of the phosphorus complex bestowed by the ligand. Mechanistic study via spectroscopic and kinetic experiments revealed the involvement of elusive phosphorus intermediates resembling those in metalloenzymes. Our result highlights the multielectron reactivity of phosphorus compound emerging from a carefully designed ligand platform with redox cooperativity. We anticipate that the work described expands the strategies in developing main-group catalytic reactions, especially in small molecule fixations demanding multielectron redox processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Gyu Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongyoung Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinrok Oh
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Jun Son
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangmin Jeong
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonghan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Jun Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Division of Advanced Materials Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology (I-CREATE), Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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3
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Bonfante S, Lorber C, Lynam JM, Simonneau A, Slattery JM. Metallomimetic C-F Activation Catalysis by Simple Phosphines. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:2005-2014. [PMID: 38207215 PMCID: PMC10811696 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Delivering metallomimetic reactivity from simple p-block compounds is highly desirable in the search to replace expensive, scarce precious metals by cheap and abundant elements in catalysis. This contribution demonstrates that metallomimetic catalysis, involving facile redox cycling between the P(III) and P(V) oxidation states, is possible using only simple, cheap, and readily available trialkylphosphines without the need to enforce unusual geometries at phosphorus or use external oxidizing/reducing agents. Hydrodefluorination and aminodefluorination of a range of fluoroarenes was realized with good to very good yields under mild conditions. Experimental and computational mechanistic studies show that the phosphines undergo oxidative addition of the fluoroaromatic substrate via a Meisenheimer-like transition state to form a fluorophosphorane. This undergoes a pseudotransmetalation step with a silane, via initial fluoride transfer from P to Si, to give experimentally observed phosphonium ions. Hydride transfer from a hydridosilicate counterion then leads to a hydridophosphorane, which undergoes reductive elimination of the product to reform the phosphine catalyst. This behavior is analogous to many classical transition-metal-catalyzed reactions and so is a rare example of both functional and mechanistically metallomimetic behavior in catalysis by a main-group element system. Crucially, the reagents used are cheap, readily available commercially, and easy to handle, making these reactions a realistic prospect in a wide range of academic and industrial settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Bonfante
- Department
of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K.
- LCC−CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 205 Route de Narbonne,
BP44099, Toulouse Cedex 4 F-31077, France
| | - Christian Lorber
- LCC−CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 205 Route de Narbonne,
BP44099, Toulouse Cedex 4 F-31077, France
| | - Jason M. Lynam
- Department
of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K.
| | - Antoine Simonneau
- LCC−CNRS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 205 Route de Narbonne,
BP44099, Toulouse Cedex 4 F-31077, France
| | - John M. Slattery
- Department
of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, U.K.
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4
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Hannah TJ, Chitnis SS. Ligand-enforced geometric constraints and associated reactivity in p-block compounds. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:764-792. [PMID: 38099873 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00765k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The geometry at an element centre can generally be predicted based on the number of electron pairs around it using valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory. Strategies to distort p-block compounds away from these predicted geometries have gained considerable interest due to the unique structural outcomes, spectroscopic properties or reactivity patterns engendered by such distortion. This review presents an up-to-date group-wise summary of this exciting and rapidly growing field with a focus on understanding how the ligand employed unlocks structural features, which in turn influences the associated reactivity. Relevant geometrically constrained compounds from groups 13-16 are discussed, along with selected stoichiometric and catalytic reactions. Several areas for advancement in this field are also discussed. Collectively, this review advances the notion of geometric tuning as an important lever, alongside electronic and steric tuning, in controlling bonding and reactivity at p-block centres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler J Hannah
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada.
| | - Saurabh S Chitnis
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada.
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5
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Beims N, Greven T, Schmidtmann M, van der Vlugt JI. Geometrically Deformed and Conformationally Rigid Phosphorus Trisamides Featuring an Unsymmetrical Backbone. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302463. [PMID: 37873907 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Nonclassical P(III) centers have attracted much attention in recent years. Incorporating a P(III) center in a rigid bicyclic platform offers a particularly attractive way to invoke significant geometric distortion of the phosphorus atom that may in turn induce unusual reactivity. Although still relatively scarcely explored, phosphorus centers enforced in a non-C3 symmetry have gained significant traction lately. However, the current scaffolds are based on a relatively limited set of design principles and ligand platforms associated therewith. This work is focussed on the synthesis as well as versatile oxidation, addition and coordination chemistry of a geometrically distorted P(III) species featuring a synthetically modular, nonsymmetric trisamine platform derived from 2-(methylamino)-N-(2-(methylamino)phenyl)benzenesulfonamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Beims
- Bioinspired Coordination Chemistry and Homogeneous Catalysis Group, Institute of Chemistry, School of Mathematics and Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Straße 9-11, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Greven
- Bioinspired Coordination Chemistry and Homogeneous Catalysis Group, Institute of Chemistry, School of Mathematics and Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Straße 9-11, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Marc Schmidtmann
- Bioinspired Coordination Chemistry and Homogeneous Catalysis Group, Institute of Chemistry, School of Mathematics and Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Straße 9-11, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Jarl Ivar van der Vlugt
- Bioinspired Coordination Chemistry and Homogeneous Catalysis Group, Institute of Chemistry, School of Mathematics and Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Straße 9-11, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany
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6
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King AJ, Abbenseth J, Goicoechea JM. Reactivity of a Strictly T-Shaped Phosphine Ligated by an Acridane Derived NNN Pincer Ligand. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202300818. [PMID: 37042718 PMCID: PMC10947599 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202300818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
The steric tuning of a tridentate acridane-derived NNN pincer ligand allows for the isolation of a strictly T-shaped phosphine that exhibits ambiphilic reactivity. Well-defined phosphorus-centered reactivity towards nucleophiles and electrophiles is reported, contrasting with prior reports on this class of compounds. Reactions towards oxidants are also described. The latter result in the two-electron oxidation of the phosphorus atom from +III to +V and are accompanied by a strong geometric distortion of the NNN pincer ligand. By contrast, cooperative activation of E-H (HCl, HBcat, HOMe) bonds proceeds with retention of the phosphorus redox state. When using H2 O as a substrate, the reaction results in the full disassembly of H2 O to its constituent atoms, highlighting the potential of this platform for small molecule activation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron J. King
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research Laboratory12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Josh Abbenseth
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of OxfordChemistry Research Laboratory12 Mansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
- Institut für ChemieHumboldt-Universität zu BerlinBrook-Taylor-Straße 212489BerlinGermany
| | - Jose M. Goicoechea
- Department of ChemistryIndiana University800 E. Kirkland Ave.Bloomington, In47401USA
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7
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Yang D, Zhang S, Zeng G, Chen ZX. Metal-free catalytic hydroboration of imine with pinacolborane using a pincer-type phosphorus compound: mechanistic insight and improvement of the reaction. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023. [PMID: 37378853 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp01709e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
A mechanistic study of the catalytic hydroboration of imine using a pincer-type phosphorus compound 1NP was performed through the combination of DFT and DLPNO-CCSD(T) calculations. The reaction proceeds through a phosphorus-ligand cooperative catalytic cycle, where the phosphorus center and triamide ligand work in a synergistic manner. First, the pinB-H bond activation by 1NP occurs through the cooperative functions of the phosphorus center and the triamide ligand, leading to a phosphorus-hydride intermediate 2NP. This is the rate-determining step, with the Gibbs energy barrier and Gibbs reaction energy of 25.3 and -17.0 kcal mol-1, respectively. Subsequently, the hydroboration of phenylmethanimine takes place through a concerted transition state through the cooperative function of the phosphorus center and the triamide ligand. It leads to the final hydroborated product 4 with the regeneration of 1NP. Our computational results reveal that the experimentally isolated intermediate 3NP is a resting state of the reaction. It is formed through the B-N bond activation of 4 by 1NP, rather than via the insertion of the CN double bond of phenylmethanimine into the P-H bond of 2NP. However, this side reaction can be suppressed by utilizing a planar phosphorus compound AcrDipp-1NP as the catalyst, which features steric-demanding substituents on the chelated N atom of the ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deshuai Yang
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China.
- Kuang Yaming Honors School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shuoqi Zhang
- Kuang Yaming Honors School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guixiang Zeng
- Kuang Yaming Honors School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhao-Xu Chen
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Liu X, Dai Y, Bao M, Wang W, Li Q, Liu C, Wang X, Su Y. A crystalline T-shaped planar group 14 anion. Chem Sci 2023; 14:5722-5727. [PMID: 37265721 PMCID: PMC10231432 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc07006e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Isolable T-shaped planar pnictogen compounds R3Pn were reported more than three decades ago and have been attracting burgeoning interest in recent years; T-shaped planar group 14 anions, isoelectronic to R3Pn, however, are still unknown. Herein, we report the synthesis, full characterization, and reactivity of the first crystalline T-shaped planar group 14 anion 4 bearing a trinitrogen pincer ligand. DFT calculations indicate that the tricoordinate germanium center features both an unoccupied 4p orbital and two lone pairs of electrons. Its electron-rich nature allows for the nucleophilic attack on the methyl iodine giving methyl-substituted complex 5 and facile oxidation of the germanium center by elemental sulfur and selenium to furnish unpresented organic anions bearing terminal Ge[double bond, length as m-dash]Ch (Ch = S or Se) double bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Yuyang Dai
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Manling Bao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Qianli Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University Liaocheng 252059 China
| | - Chunmeng Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Xinping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Yuanting Su
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University Suzhou 215123 China
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
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9
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Li Q, Luo Y, Chen J, Xia Y. Visible-Light-Promoted Hydrogenation of Azobenzenes to Hydrazobenzenes with Thioacetic Acid as the Reductant. J Org Chem 2023; 88:2443-2452. [PMID: 36718625 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A catalyst- and metal-free hydrogenation of azobenzenes to hydrazobenzenes in the presence of thioacetic acid was achieved under visible light irradiation. The transformation was carried out under mild conditions in an air atmosphere at ambient temperature, generating a variety of hydrazobenzenes with yields up to 99%. The current process is compatible with a variety of substituents and is highly chemoselective for azo reduction when other unsaturated functionalities (carbonyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, etc.) are contained. Preliminary mechanistic study indicated that the transformation could be a radical process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yanshu Luo
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jianhui Chen
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yuanzhi Xia
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
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10
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Zhang QY, Li X, Luo J, Li X, Song J, Wei D. Cofactor-Free Dioxygenases-Catalyzed Reaction Pathway via Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:95-103. [PMID: 36525303 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c03161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the general mechanism of the metal-free and cofactor-free oxidases and oxygenases catalyzed activation of triplet O2 is one of the most challenging questions in the field of enzymatic catalysis. Herein, we have performed Quantum Mechanics/Molecular Mechanics (QM/MM) multiscale simulations to reveal the detailed mechanism of the HOD catalyzed (i.e., 1-H-3-hydroxy-4-oxoquinaldine 2,4-dioxygenase from Arthrobacter nitroguajacolicus Rü61a) decomposition of N-heteroaromatic compounds. The complete catalytic mechanism includes four steps: (1) proton transfer from 1-H-3-hydroxy-4-oxoquinaldine (QND) substrate to His251 residue coupled with an electron transfer from QND to triplet O2 (i.e., PCET), (2) formation of C-O bond via an open-shell singlet diradical recombination pathway, (3) ring-closure to form a bicyclic ring, and (4) dissociation of CO. The dissociation of CO is determined as the rate-limiting step, and its calculated energy barrier of 14.9 kcal/mol is consistent with the 15.5 kcal/mol barrier derived from experimental kinetic data. The mechanistic profile is not only valuable for understanding the fundamental pathway of cofactor-free oxidases and oxygenases-catalyzed reactions involving the triplet O2 activation but also discloses a new pathway that undergoes the processes of PCET and open-shell singlet transition state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao-Yu Zhang
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan450001, China
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong510280, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan450001, China
| | - Xue Li
- Key Laboratory for Special Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng475001, China
| | - Jinshuai Song
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan450001, China
| | - Donghui Wei
- Green Catalysis Center, and College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan450001, China
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11
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Zhu Q, Zhang S, Ma J, Zhu J, Li S, Zeng G. Catalytic Mechanisms of Transfer Hydrogenation of Azobenzene with Ammonia Borane by Pincer Bismuth Complex: Crucial Role of C=N Functional Group on the Pincer Ligand. Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202201069. [PMID: 36398781 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202201069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Transfer hydrogenation of azobenzene with ammonia borane mediated by pincer bismuth complex 1 was systematically investigated through density functional theory calculations. An unusual metal-ligand cooperation mechanism was disclosed, in which the saturation/regeneration of the C=N functional group on the pincer ligand plays an essential role. The reaction is initiated by the hydrogenation of the C=N bond (saturation) with ammonia borane to afford 3CN , which is the rate-determining step with Gibbs energy barrier (ΔG≠ ) and Gibbs reaction energy (ΔG) of 25.6 and -7.3 kcal/mol, respectively. 3CN is then converted to a Bi-H intermediate through a water-bridged pathway, which is followed up with the transfer hydrogenation of azobenzene to produce the final product N,N'-diphenylhydrazine and regenerate the catalyst. Finally, the catalyst could be improved by substituting the phenyl group for the tert-butyl group on the pincer ligand, where the ΔG≠ value (rate-determining step) decreases to 24.0 kcal/mol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhu
- Kuang Yaming Honors School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChem), Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical Computational Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Shuoqi Zhang
- Kuang Yaming Honors School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Jing Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Jun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChem), Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical Computational Chemistry and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Shuhua Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Guixiang Zeng
- Kuang Yaming Honors School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, P. R. China
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12
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Karnbrock SBH, Golz C, Mata RA, Alcarazo M. Ligand-Enabled Disproportionation of 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine at a P V -Center. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202207450. [PMID: 35714171 PMCID: PMC9542402 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202207450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
We present herein the synthesis of a nearly square-pyramidal chlorophosphorane supported by the tetradentate bis(amidophenolate) ligand, N,N'-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-phenoxy)-1,2-phenylenediamide. After chloride abstraction the resulting phosphonium cation efficiently promotes the disproportionation of 1,2-diphenylhydrazine to aniline and azobenzene. Mechanistic studies, spectroscopic analyses and theoretical calculations suggest that this unprecedented reactivity mode for PV -centres is induced by the high electrophilicity at the cationic PV -center, which originates from the geometry constraints imposed by the rigid pincer ligand, combined with the ability of the o-amidophenolate moieties to act as electron reservoir. This study illustrates the promising role of cooperativity between redox-active ligands and phosphorus for the design of organocatalysts able to promote redox processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon B. H. Karnbrock
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstr. 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Christopher Golz
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstr. 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Ricardo A. Mata
- Institut für Physikalische ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstr. 637077GöttingenGermany
| | - Manuel Alcarazo
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstr. 237077GöttingenGermany
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13
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Wu W, Zhang F, Liu N, Wei Z, Xu J, He Z, Guo Y, Fan B. In‐catalyzed Transfer Hydrogenation of Azobenzenes to Hydrazobenzenes with Hydrosilanes. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wu
- Yunnan Minzu University Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources CHINA
| | - Fuqin Zhang
- Yunnan Minzu University School of chemistry and environment CHINA
| | - Na Liu
- Yunnan Minzu University School of chemistry and environment CHINA
| | - Zixiang Wei
- Yunnan Minzu University School of chemistry and environment CHINA
| | - Jianbin Xu
- Yunnan Minzu University School of Chemistry and Environment Yuehua Street, Chenggong District 650504 Kunmin CHINA
| | - Zhenxiu He
- Yunnan Minzu University Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources CHINA
| | - Yafei Guo
- Yunnan Minzu University School of chemistry and environment CHINA
| | - Baomin Fan
- Yunnan Minzu University School of chemistry and environment CHINA
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14
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Alcarazo M, Karnbrock SBH, Golz C, Mata RA. Ligand Enabled Disproportionation of 1,2‐Diphenylhydrazine at a P(V)‐Center. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202207450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Alcarazo
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Organic chemistry Tammannstr 2 37007 Göttingen GERMANY
| | - Simon B. H. Karnbrock
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen: Georg-August-Universitat Gottingen Institut für organische und Biomolekulare Chemie GERMANY
| | - Christopher Golz
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen: Georg-August-Universitat Gottingen Institu für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie GERMANY
| | - Ricardo A. Mata
- Georg-August-Universität Göttingen: Georg-August-Universitat Gottingen Institut für Physikalische Chemie GERMANY
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15
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BOUGHDIRI MA, MEJRI A, TANGOUR B. Pentavalent phosphorus formation mechanism. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2022.113678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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16
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Bhattacharjee I, Sultana M, Bhunya S, Paul A. The curious saga of dehydrogenation/hydrogenation for chemical hydrogen storage: a mechanistic perspective. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:1672-1684. [PMID: 35024699 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06238g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen storage is an indispensable component of hydrogen-based fuel economy. Chemical hydrogen storage relies on the development of lightweight compounds which can deliver high weight percentage of H2 at moderate temperatures through dehydrogenation and can be recovered from the dehydrogenated mass by hydrogenation for reuse. In this feature article we primarily discuss the mechanistic underpinnings of the catalytic dehydrogenation of ammonia-borane, a potential candidate for hydrogen storage and the challenges associated with its regeneration from the dehydrogenated mass. Moreover, we highlight the mechanistic intricacies, viability, sustainability and unresolved issues of allied chemical hydrogen storage avenues such as the CH3OH-CO2 cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Munia Sultana
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, India.
| | - Sourav Bhunya
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, India.
| | - Ankan Paul
- Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, India.
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17
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Li X, Li X, Zhang QY, Lv P, Jia Y, Wei D. Cofactor-free ActVA-Orf6 monooxygenase catalysis via proton-coupled electron transfer: A QM/MM study. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:5525-5534. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00848c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Uncovering the comprehensive catalytic mechanism for the activation of triplet O2 through metal-free and cofactor-free oxidases and oxygenases remains one of the most challenging questions in the area of enzymatic...
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18
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Yang D, Bao P, Yang Z, Chen Z, Sakaki S, Maeda S, Zeng G. Pincer‐Type Phosphorus Compounds With Boryl‐Pendant And Application In Catalytic H
2
Generation From Ammonia‐Borane: A Theoretical Study. ChemCatChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202100661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deshuai Yang
- Kuang Yaming Honors School and Institute for Brain Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Panqing Bao
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) State-Province Joint Engineering Laboratory of Zeolite Membrane Materials College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangxi Normal University Nanchang 330022 P. R. China
| | - Zhaoxu Chen
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Shigeyoshi Sakaki
- Element Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries Kyoto University Kyoto 615-8245 Japan
| | - Satoshi Maeda
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery Hokkaido University Sapporo 060-0810 Japan
| | - Guixiang Zeng
- Kuang Yaming Honors School and Institute for Brain Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
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19
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Lau S, Gasperini D, Webster RL. Amine-Boranes as Transfer Hydrogenation and Hydrogenation Reagents: A Mechanistic Perspective. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:14272-14294. [PMID: 32935898 PMCID: PMC8248159 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202010835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Transfer hydrogenation (TH) has historically been dominated by Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley (MPV) reactions. However, with growing interest in amine-boranes, not least ammonia-borane (H3 N⋅BH3 ), as potential hydrogen storage materials, these compounds have also started to emerge as an alternative reagent in TH reactions. In this Review we discuss TH chemistry using H3 N⋅BH3 and their analogues (amine-boranes and metal amidoboranes) as sacrificial hydrogen donors. Three distinct pathways were considered: 1) classical TH, 2) nonclassical TH, and 3) hydrogenation. Simple experimental mechanistic probes can be employed to distinguish which pathway is operating and computational analysis can corroborate or discount mechanisms. We find that the pathway in operation can be perturbed by changing the temperature, solvent, amine-borane, or even the substrate used in the system, and subsequently assignment of the mechanism can become nontrivial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Lau
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BathClaverton DownBathUK
| | | | - Ruth L. Webster
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BathClaverton DownBathUK
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20
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Huang J, Jones A, Waite TD, Chen Y, Huang X, Rosso KM, Kappler A, Mansor M, Tratnyek PG, Zhang H. Fe(II) Redox Chemistry in the Environment. Chem Rev 2021; 121:8161-8233. [PMID: 34143612 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is the fourth most abundant element in the earth's crust and plays important roles in both biological and chemical processes. The redox reactivity of various Fe(II) forms has gained increasing attention over recent decades in the areas of (bio) geochemistry, environmental chemistry and engineering, and material sciences. The goal of this paper is to review these recent advances and the current state of knowledge of Fe(II) redox chemistry in the environment. Specifically, this comprehensive review focuses on the redox reactivity of four types of Fe(II) species including aqueous Fe(II), Fe(II) complexed with ligands, minerals bearing structural Fe(II), and sorbed Fe(II) on mineral oxide surfaces. The formation pathways, factors governing the reactivity, insights into potential mechanisms, reactivity comparison, and characterization techniques are discussed with reference to the most recent breakthroughs in this field where possible. We also cover the roles of these Fe(II) species in environmental applications of zerovalent iron, microbial processes, biogeochemical cycling of carbon and nutrients, and their abiotic oxidation related processes in natural and engineered systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhi Huang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 2104 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Adele Jones
- UNSW Water Research Centre, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - T David Waite
- UNSW Water Research Centre, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Yiling Chen
- Institute of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaopeng Huang
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Kevin M Rosso
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Andreas Kappler
- Geomicrobiology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Muammar Mansor
- Geomicrobiology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Paul G Tratnyek
- School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, Oregon 97239, United States
| | - Huichun Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, 2104 Adelbert Road, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
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21
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Wang P, Zhu Q, Wang Y, Zeng G, Zhu J, Zhu C. Carbon-halogen bond activation by a structurally constrained phosphorus(III) platform. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2020.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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22
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Song M, Zhou H, Wang G, Ma B, Jiang Y, Yang J, Huo C, Wang XC. Visible-Light-Promoted Diboron-Mediated Transfer Hydrogenation of Azobenzenes to Hydrazobenzenes. J Org Chem 2021; 86:4804-4811. [PMID: 33688729 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A visible-light-promoted transfer hydrogenation of azobenzenes has been developed. In the presence of B2pin2 and upon visible-light irradiation, the reactions proceeded smoothly in methanol at ambient temperature. The azobenzenes with diverse functional groups have been reduced to the corresponding hydrazobenzenes with a yield of up to 96%. Preliminary mechanistic studies indicated that the hydrogen atom comes from the solvent and the transformation is achieved through a radical pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menghui Song
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Hongyan Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China.,College of Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Ganggang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Ben Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yajing Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Jingya Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Congde Huo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xi-Cun Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
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23
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Lau S, Gasperini D, Webster RL. Amine–Boranes as Transfer Hydrogenation and Hydrogenation Reagents: A Mechanistic Perspective. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202010835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Lau
- Department of Chemistry University of Bath Claverton Down Bath UK
| | - Danila Gasperini
- Department of Chemistry University of Bath Claverton Down Bath UK
| | - Ruth L. Webster
- Department of Chemistry University of Bath Claverton Down Bath UK
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24
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Lipshultz JM, Li G, Radosevich AT. Main Group Redox Catalysis of Organopnictogens: Vertical Periodic Trends and Emerging Opportunities in Group 15. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:1699-1721. [PMID: 33464903 PMCID: PMC7934640 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c12816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A growing number of organopnictogen redox catalytic methods have emerged-especially within the past 10 years-that leverage the plentiful reversible two-electron redox chemistry within Group 15. The goal of this Perspective is to provide readers the context to understand the dramatic developments in organopnictogen catalysis over the past decade with an eye toward future development. An exposition of the fundamental differences in the atomic structure and bonding of the pnictogens, and thus the molecular electronic structure of organopnictogen compounds, is presented to establish the backdrop against which organopnictogen redox reactivity-and ultimately catalysis-is framed. A deep appreciation of these underlying periodic principles informs an understanding of the differing modes of organopnictogen redox catalysis and evokes the key challenges to the field moving forward. We close by addressing forward-looking directions likely to animate this area in the years to come. What new catalytic manifolds can be developed through creative catalyst and reaction design that take advantage of the intrinsic redox reactivity of the pnictogens to drive new discoveries in catalysis?
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey M Lipshultz
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Gen Li
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Alexander T Radosevich
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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25
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Kundu S. Pincer-Type Ligand-Assisted Catalysis and Small-Molecule Activation by non-VSEPR Main-Group Compounds. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:3209-3224. [PMID: 32794320 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In 2005, a facile dihydrogen activation was reported by the Power group using an alkyne analog of germanium [ArGe≡GeAr; Ar=2,6-Trip2 -C6 H3 (Trip=2,4,6-i Pr3 -C6 H2 )]. After that, a significant progress has been made in the activation of various small molecules by main-group compounds, and a variety of stoichiometric and catalytic processes have been formulated using the p-block elements. In this regard, compounds containing low-valent main-group elements with a frontier orbitals of relatively small energy gaps or compounds forming frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) became quite successful. In spite of these promising stoichiometric and catalytic transformations, redox-cycling catalysts based on main-group elements remain extremely rare. Recently, it has been observed that pincer type ligands supported geometry constrained main-group compounds are capable of acting as redox catalysts similar to those of the transition metals. In this review, we focus on the synthesis and the structural aspects of the geometry constrained main-group compounds using pincer ligands. Emphasis has been placed on their applications on catalytic activity and small molecules activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Kundu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India
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26
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Greb L, Ebner F, Ginzburg Y, Sigmund LM. Element‐Ligand Cooperativity with p‐Block Elements. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lutz Greb
- Anorganisch‐Chemisches Institut Ruprecht‐Karls‐Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 275 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Fabian Ebner
- Anorganisch‐Chemisches Institut Ruprecht‐Karls‐Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 275 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Yael Ginzburg
- Anorganisch‐Chemisches Institut Ruprecht‐Karls‐Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 275 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Lukas M. Sigmund
- Anorganisch‐Chemisches Institut Ruprecht‐Karls‐Universität Heidelberg Im Neuenheimer Feld 275 69120 Heidelberg Germany
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27
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Wang P, Zhang M, Zhu C. Synthesis, Characterization, and Reactivity of a Pincer-Type Aluminum(III) Complex. Organometallics 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Penglong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 210023 Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingxing Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, 226019 Nantong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Congqing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, 210023 Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
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28
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Janssen-Müller D, Oestreich M. Transition-Metal-Like Catalysis with a Main-Group Element: Bismuth-Catalyzed C-F Coupling of Aryl Boronic Esters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:8328-8330. [PMID: 31916671 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201914729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The main-group age: The past decade has revealed main-group-element compounds that display transition-metal-like reactivity in stoichiometric and even catalytic transformations. Cornella and co-workers have now reported a bismuth complex that catalyzes fluoroarene formation from aryl boronate esters, a reaction that is almost unprecedented in transition-metal catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Janssen-Müller
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 115, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Oestreich
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 115, 10623, Berlin, Germany
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29
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Janssen‐Müller D, Oestreich M. Übergangsmetallartige Katalyse mit einem Hauptgruppenelement: Bismutkatalysierte C‐F‐Kupplung von Arylboronsäureestern. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201914729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Janssen‐Müller
- Institut für Chemie Technische Universität Berlin Straße des 17. Juni 115 10623 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Martin Oestreich
- Institut für Chemie Technische Universität Berlin Straße des 17. Juni 115 10623 Berlin Deutschland
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30
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Faverio C, Boselli MF, Medici F, Benaglia M. Ammonia borane as a reducing agent in organic synthesis. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:7789-7813. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ob01351j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Ammonia borane is gaining increasing attention as a sustainable and atom-economical winning reagent for the reduction of several substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Faverio
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- 20133 Milano
- Italy
| | | | - Fabrizio Medici
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- 20133 Milano
- Italy
| | - Maurizio Benaglia
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- 20133 Milano
- Italy
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31
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Chacón‐Terán MA, Rodríguez‐Lugo RE, Wolf R, Landaeta VR. Transfer Hydrogenation of Azo Compounds with Ammonia Borane Using a Simple Acyclic Phosphite Precatalyst. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201900572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A. Chacón‐Terán
- Departamento de Química Universidad Simón Bolívar Valle de Sartenejas, Apartado 89000 Caracas 1020-A Venezuela
| | - Rafael E. Rodríguez‐Lugo
- Laboratorio de Química Bioinorgánica Centro de Química Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC) Carretera Panamericana Km. 11. Caracas 1020‐A Venezuela
| | - Robert Wolf
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry University of Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Germany
| | - Vanessa R. Landaeta
- Departamento de Química Universidad Simón Bolívar Valle de Sartenejas, Apartado 89000 Caracas 1020-A Venezuela
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32
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Boom DHA, Jupp AR, Slootweg JC. Dehydrogenation of Amine-Boranes Using p-Block Compounds. Chemistry 2019; 25:9133-9152. [PMID: 30964220 PMCID: PMC6771515 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Amine-boranes have gained a lot of attention due to their potential as hydrogen storage materials and their capacity to act as precursors for transfer hydrogenation. Therefore, a lot of effort has gone into the development of suitable transition- and main-group metal catalysts for the dehydrogenation of amine-boranes. During the past decade, new systems started to emerge solely based on p-block elements that promote the dehydrogenation of amine-boranes through hydrogen-transfer reactions, polymerization initiation, and main-group catalysis. In this review, we highlight the development of these p-block based systems for stoichiometric and catalytic amine-borane dehydrogenation and discuss the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devin H. A. Boom
- Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041090 GDAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Andrew R. Jupp
- Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041090 GDAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - J. Chris Slootweg
- Van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamScience Park 9041090 GDAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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33
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Bakewell C, White AJP, Crimmin MR. Reversible alkene binding and allylic C-H activation with an aluminium(i) complex. Chem Sci 2019; 10:2452-2458. [PMID: 30881673 PMCID: PMC6388093 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc04865g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The monomeric molecular aluminium(i) complex 1 [{(ArNCMe)2CH}Al] (Ar = 2,6-di-iso-propylphenyl) reacts with a series of terminal and strained alkenes including ethylene, propylene, allylbenzene and norbornene to form alkene bound products.
The monomeric molecular aluminium(i) complex 1 [{(ArNCMe)2CH}Al] (Ar = 2,6-di-iso-propylphenyl) reacts with a series of terminal and strained alkenes including ethylene, propylene, allylbenzene and norbornene to form alkene bound products. Remarkably all these reactions are reversible under mild conditions (298–353 K) with alkene binding being disfavoured at higher temperatures due to the positive reaction entropy. Van't Hoff analyses have allowed quantification of the binding events with . Calculations and single crystal X-ray diffraction studies are consistent with the alkene bound species being metallocyclopropane complexes. Alkene binding involves a reversible redox process with changes from the +1 to +3 aluminium oxidation state. Under more forcing conditions the metallocyclopropane complexes undergo non-reversible allylic C–H bond activation to generate aluminium(iii) allyl hydride complexes. This represents a rare example of redox-based main group reactivity in which reversible substrate binding is followed by a further productive bond breaking event. Analysis of the mechanism reveals a reaction network in which alkene dissociation and reformation of 1 is required for allylic C–H activation, a realisation that has important implications for the long-term goal of developing redox-based catalytic cycles with main group compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare Bakewell
- Department of Chemistry , Imperial College London , South Kensington , London , SW7 2AZ , UK .
| | - Andrew J P White
- Department of Chemistry , Imperial College London , South Kensington , London , SW7 2AZ , UK .
| | - Mark R Crimmin
- Department of Chemistry , Imperial College London , South Kensington , London , SW7 2AZ , UK .
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34
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Brand A, Uhl W. Sterically Constrained Bicyclic Phosphines: A Class of Fascinating Compounds Suitable for Application in Small Molecule Activation and Coordination Chemistry. Chemistry 2018; 25:1391-1404. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201803331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Brand
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstrasse 30 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Werner Uhl
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie; Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster; Corrensstrasse 30 48149 Münster Germany
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35
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Chu T, Nikonov GI. Oxidative Addition and Reductive Elimination at Main-Group Element Centers. Chem Rev 2018; 118:3608-3680. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 342] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Terry Chu
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Georgii I. Nikonov
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, Ontario L2S 3A1, Canada
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36
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Robinson TP, De Rosa D, Aldridge S, Goicoechea JM. On the Redox Reactivity of a Geometrically Constrained Phosphorus(III) Compound. Chemistry 2017; 23:15455-15465. [PMID: 28865168 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The reactivity of a geometrically constrained phosphorus(III) complex bearing the N,N-bis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-phenolate)amide pincer ligand (P(ONO); 1) towards oxidants and reductants is explored. This compound can be readily oxidized to the phosphorus(V) dihalo-derivatives P(ONO)X2 where X=Cl (2), Br (3) and I (4). Attempts at isolating the analogous difluoride through oxidation of 1 were unsuccessful yielding only the hydrofluoride P(ONO)(H)F (5), however P(ONO)F2 (6) can be accessed via a halide exchange reaction of 2 with KF. Compound 2 can be employed as a precursor to novel cationic species through chloride ion displacement using strong Lewis bases. Thus, reaction of 2 with two or three molar equivalents of dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) affords [P(ONO)(Cl)(DMAP)2 ]+ (7) and [P(ONO)(DMAP)3 ]2+ (8). Reaction of 2 with the weaker bidentate base 2,2'-bipyridine (bipy) affords [P(ONO)(Cl)(bipy)]+ (9), although this species was only accessible upon addition of a halide abstracting agent. The dicationic tris(pyridine) adduct [P(ONO)(py)3 ]2+ (10) is also accessible by reaction of 4 with pyridine. Oxidation of 1 using oxygen gas proceeds slowly and allows for the observation of two compounds, a mixed valence dimeric phosphorus(III)/phosphorus(V) compound [P(ONO)(μ2 -O)(μ2 :κ1 ,κ2 -ONO)P] (11) and the fully oxidized species [P(ONO)(μ2 -O)(μ2 :κ1 ,κ2 -ONO)P(O)] (12). Finally, reaction of 1 using KC8 results in the dimerization of the putative radical anion [P(ONO)].- through formation of a P-P bond to afford [P(ONO)]22- (13). Reactions with TEMPO result in the formation of the trigonal bipyramidal species P(ONO)(TEMPO)2 (14).
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas P Robinson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Daniel De Rosa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Simon Aldridge
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Jose M Goicoechea
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
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37
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Zhang JS, Zhang JQ, Chen T, Han LB. t-BuOK-mediated reductive addition of P(O)–H compounds to terminal alkynes forming β-arylphosphine oxides. Org Biomol Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob01104k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A novel and efficient t-BuOK-mediated reductive addition of P(O)–H compounds to terminal alkynes forming β-arylphosphine oxides was developed. This reaction may proceed via a tandem process involving regio-selective addition and subsequent transfer hydrogenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Shu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
- China
| | - Jian-Qiu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
- China
| | - Tieqiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
- China
| | - Li-Biao Han
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
- Tsukuba
- Japan
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38
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Bhunya S, Malakar T, Ganguly G, Paul A. Combining Protons and Hydrides by Homogeneous Catalysis for Controlling the Release of Hydrogen from Ammonia–Borane: Present Status and Challenges. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b01704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Bhunya
- Raman Centre for Atomic,
Molecular and
Optical Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Tanmay Malakar
- Raman Centre for Atomic,
Molecular and
Optical Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Gaurab Ganguly
- Raman Centre for Atomic,
Molecular and
Optical Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Ankan Paul
- Raman Centre for Atomic,
Molecular and
Optical Science, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700 032, India
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39
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Robinson TP, Lo SK, De Rosa D, Aldridge S, Goicoechea JM. On the Ambiphilic Reactivity of Geometrically Constrained Phosphorus(III) and Arsenic(III) Compounds: Insights into Their Interaction with Ionic Substrates. Chemistry 2016; 22:15712-15724. [PMID: 27628576 PMCID: PMC5095867 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The ambiphilic nature of geometrically constrained Group 15 complexes bearing the N,N‐bis(3,5‐di‐tert‐butyl‐2‐phenolate)amide pincer ligand (ONO3−) is explored. Despite their differing reactivity towards nucleophilic substrates with polarised element–hydrogen bonds (e.g., NH3), both the phosphorus(III), P(ONO) (1 a), and arsenic(III), As(ONO) (1 b), compounds exhibit similar reactivity towards charged nucleophiles and electrophiles. Reactions of 1 a and 1 b with KOtBu or KNPh2 afford anionic complexes in which the nucleophilic anion associates with the pnictogen centre ([(tBuO)Pn(ONO)]− (Pn=P (2 a), As (2 b)) and [(Ph2N)Pn(ONO)]− (Pn=P (3 a), As (3 b)). Compound 2 a can subsequently be reacted with a proton source or benzylbromide to afford the phosphorus(V) compounds (tBuO)HP(ONO) (4 a) and (tBuO)BzP(ONO) (5 a), respectively, whereas analogous arsenic(V) compounds are inaccessible. Electrophilic substrates, such as HOTf and MeOTf, preferentially associate with the nitrogen atom of the ligand backbone of both 1 a and 1 b, giving rise to cationic species that can be rationalised as either ammonium salts or as amine‐stabilised phosphenium or arsenium complexes ([Pn{ON(H)O}]+ (Pn=P (6 a), As (6 b)) and [Pn{ON(Me)O}]+ (Pn=P (7 a), As (7 b)). Reaction of 1 a with an acid bearing a nucleophilic counteranion (such as HCl) gives rise to a phosphorus(V) compound HPCl(ONO) (8 a), whereas the analogous reaction with 1 b results in the addition of HCl across one of the As−O bonds to afford ClAs{(H)ONO} (8 b). Functionalisation at both the pnictogen centre and the ligand backbone is also possible by reaction of 7 a/7 b with KOtBu, which affords the neutral species (tBuO)Pn{ON(Me)O} (Pn=P (9 a), As (9 b)). The ambiphilic reactivity of these geometrically constrained complexes allows some insight into the mechanism of reactivity of 1 a towards small molecules, such as ammonia and water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas P Robinson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Siu-Kwan Lo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Daniel De Rosa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Simon Aldridge
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Jose M Goicoechea
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK.
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40
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Zeng G, Maeda S, Taketsugu T, Sakaki S. Catalytic Hydrogenation of Carbon Dioxide with Ammonia–Borane by Pincer-Type Phosphorus Compounds: Theoretical Prediction. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:13481-13484. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b07274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guixiang Zeng
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, North-10,
West-8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Satoshi Maeda
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, North-10,
West-8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Taketsugu
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, North-10,
West-8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Shigeyoshi Sakaki
- Fukui
Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Takano-Nishihiraki-cho
34-4, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan
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41
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Zeng G, Maeda S, Taketsugu T, Sakaki S. Theoretical Study of Hydrogenation Catalysis of Phosphorus Compound and Prediction of Catalyst with High Activity and Wide Application Scope. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.5b02968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guixiang Zeng
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, N10−W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
- Fukui
Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Takano-Nishihiraki-cho
34-4, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan
| | - Satoshi Maeda
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, N10−W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Taketsugu
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, N10−W8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Shigeyoshi Sakaki
- Fukui
Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Takano-Nishihiraki-cho
34-4, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan
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42
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Cui J, Li Y, Ganguly R, Kinjo R. Reactivity Studies on a Diazadiphosphapentalene. Chemistry 2016; 22:9976-85. [PMID: 27283866 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The reactivity of diazadiphosphapentalene 1 towards various substrates was investigated. Reaction of 1 with ammonia-borane resulted in transfer hydrogenolysis concomitantly with the cleavage of a P-N bond. By treatment of 1 with 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO), oxidation took place at one of the phosphorus atoms of 1, and a P(V) /P(III) mixed-valence derivative was isolated. At the same time, it was demonstrated that only one of the phosphorus atoms in 1 behaves as an electron donor for electrophiles and Lewis acids. The former afforded an intramolecularly coordinated phosphine-phosphenium species, whereas the latter demonstrates the ligand property of 1. UV irradiation induced rearrangement of 1 into another example of another diazadiphosphapentalene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Cui
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Link 21, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Yongxin Li
- NTU-CBC Crystallography Facility, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Rakesh Ganguly
- NTU-CBC Crystallography Facility, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Rei Kinjo
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Link 21, Singapore, 637371, Singapore.
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43
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Japan Prize: H. Hosono / Asahi Prize: S. Murai / Merck-Banyu Lectureship Award: S. Maeda. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:5636. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201602514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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44
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Japan-Preis: H. Hosono / Asahi-Preis: S. Murai / Merck-Banyu Lectureship Award: S. Maeda. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201602514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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45
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Protchenko AV, Bates JI, Saleh LMA, Blake MP, Schwarz AD, Kolychev EL, Thompson AL, Jones C, Mountford P, Aldridge S. Enabling and Probing Oxidative Addition and Reductive Elimination at a Group 14 Metal Center: Cleavage and Functionalization of E–H Bonds by a Bis(boryl)stannylene. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:4555-64. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b00710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrey V. Protchenko
- Inorganic
Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, U.K
| | - Joshua I. Bates
- Inorganic
Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, U.K
| | - Liban M. A. Saleh
- Inorganic
Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, U.K
| | - Matthew P. Blake
- Inorganic
Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, U.K
| | - Andrew D. Schwarz
- Inorganic
Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, U.K
| | - Eugene L. Kolychev
- Inorganic
Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, U.K
| | - Amber L. Thompson
- Inorganic
Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, U.K
| | - Cameron Jones
- School
of Chemistry, Monash University, PO Box 23, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Philip Mountford
- Inorganic
Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, U.K
| | - Simon Aldridge
- Inorganic
Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QR, U.K
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46
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Chen Y, Dong H, Zhang H. Experimental and Computational Evidence for the Reduction Mechanisms of Aromatic N-oxides by Aqueous Fe(II)-Tiron Complex. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:249-58. [PMID: 26636617 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b04900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A combined experimental-theoretical approach was taken to elucidate the reduction mechanisms of five representative aromatic N-oxides (ANOs) by Fe(II)-tiron complex and to identify the rate-limiting step. Based on the possible types of complexes formed with the reductant, three groups of ANOs were studied: type I refers to those forming 5-membered ring complexes through the N and O atoms on the side chain; type II refers to those forming 6-membered ring complexes through the N-oxide O atom and the O atom on the side chain; and type III refers to complexation through the N-oxide O atom only. Density functional theory calculations suggested that the elementary reactions, including protonation, N-O bond cleavage, and the second electron transfer processes, are barrierless, indicating that the first electron transfer is rate-limiting. Consistent with the theoretical results, the experimental solvent isotope effect, KIEH, for the reduction of quinoline N-oxide (a type III ANO) was obtained to be 1.072 ± 0.025, suggesting protonation was not involved in the rate-limiting step. The measured nitrogen kinetic isotope effect, KIEN, for the reduction of pyridine N-oxide (a type III ANO) (1.022 ± 0.006) is in good agreement with the calculated KIEN for its first electron transfer (1.011-1.028), confirming that the first electron transfer is rate-limiting. Electrochemical cell experiments demonstrated that the electron transfer process can be facilitated significantly by type I complexation with FeL2(6-) (1:2 Fe(II)-tiron complex), to some extent by type II complexation with free Fe(II), but not by weak type III complexation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiling Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Hao Dong
- Kuang Yaming Honors School, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
- Institute for Computational Molecular Science, Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Huichun Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
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47
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Urwin SJ, Rogers DM, Nichol GS, Cowley MJ. Ligand coordination modulates reductive elimination from aluminium(iii). Dalton Trans 2016; 45:13695-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt02698b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative addition to low-valent main-group centres is a major class of reactivity for these species. Here, we present a mechanistic study of the much rarer reverse process – reductive elimination – in Al(iii) systems, and unravel ligand effects in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David M. Rogers
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry
- University of Edinburgh
- Edinburgh
- UK
| | - Gary S. Nichol
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry
- University of Edinburgh
- Edinburgh
- UK
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48
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Zhang X, Cao Z. Insight into the reaction mechanisms for oxidative addition of strong σ bonds to an Al(i) center. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:10355-65. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt01154c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The oxidative additions of σ X–H bonds to an Al(i) center follow different mechanisms depending on their bonding features and local structural environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangfei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
- and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 360015
| | - Zexing Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry
- and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 360015
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49
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Pal A, Vanka K. Small Molecule Activation by Constrained Phosphorus Compounds: Insights from Theory. Inorg Chem 2015; 55:558-65. [PMID: 26700074 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b01074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Pal
- Physical Chemistry Division, National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
| | - Kumar Vanka
- Physical Chemistry Division, National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India
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50
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Wang SM, Han JB, Zhang CP, Qin HL. A solvent-free facile synthesis of (E)-bis(phosphonium)ethylenes from organo-phosphines and TfOCH2CF2H reagent. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.09.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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