1
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Manzi SJ, Ranzuglia GA, Centres PM, Pereyra VD. Relevance of the calculation of the diffusion coefficient in a capillary electrophoresis experiment. Electrophoresis 2024; 45:300-309. [PMID: 37946567 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
This paper analyzes the role of the diffusion coefficient in the movement of analytes that can reversibly react with a selector given a product in the presence of drift. The problem mimics the movement of enantiomers in a capillary electrophoresis experiment. As is well known, the signal in the capillary must be sharp enough to make a good determination of the effective mobility of the analytes being analyzed. The essence of the technique is based on fast interconversion rates. Therefore, the effective diffusion coefficient must be negligible during the experiment. In the present work, an exact expression for both the apparent mobility and the diffusion coefficient is obtained. This is done by writing the rate equations governing the process and solving them using the generating function technique. The effective mobility coincides with the Wren and Rowe equation, whereas the diffusion coefficient allows us to determine the values of the parameters to be taken into account so that this quantity is minimal or close to zero. On the other hand, the numerical solution of the kinetic equations and Monte Carlo simulations allow us to follow the signal in the capillary and to determine its space-time evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio J Manzi
- Departamento de Física, Instituto de Física Aplicada San Luis (INFAP) - CONICET, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Gabriela A Ranzuglia
- Departamento de Física, Instituto de Física Aplicada San Luis (INFAP) - CONICET, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Paulo M Centres
- Departamento de Física, Instituto de Física Aplicada San Luis (INFAP) - CONICET, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Víctor D Pereyra
- Departamento de Física, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
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2
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Lanaro VM, Sombra LL, Altamirano JC, Almeida CA, Stege PW. Chiral separation of propranolol by electrokinetic chromatography using nanodiamonds and human serum albumin as a pseudo-stationary phase in river water. Chirality 2024; 36:e23640. [PMID: 38384157 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Propranolol is currently considered as an emerging contaminant in water bodies. In this study, R- and S-propranolol were determined in river samples by electrokinetic chromatography (EKC) using nanodiamonds (NDs) and human serum albumin (HSA) as a pseudo-stationary phase in order to achieve enantioseparation. Previously, river samples were preconcentrated using a column filled with Amberlite® IR-120 and Dowex® 50WX8 resins. The setting up of influential factors such as temperature, voltage, pH, and HSA and NDs concentration is accurately described along this manuscript. A multivariate study and optimization was carried out to obtain the enantioseparation of propranolol (Rs = 2.91), which was reached under the following experimental conditions: voltage of 16 kV, temperature of 16°C, phosphate buffer pH 9.5, NDs of 0.20%, and HSA of 15 μmol l-1 . The recoveries of analytes under optimal conditions were higher than 98%. The limits of detection were 0.85 μg l-1 for R- and S-propranolol. The method was applied to real samples, and the obtained results in three different water sources studied were 1.02, 0.59, and 0.30 μg l-1 for the R-enantiomer and 0.99, 0.54, and 0.28 μg l-1 for the S-enantiomer. The accuracy of the proposed methodology (including bias and precision) has allowed us to propose it as a successful tool for the control of water quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica M Lanaro
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Lorena L Sombra
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Jorgelina C Altamirano
- IANIGLA, Laboratorio de Química Ambiental, Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales, Mendoza, Argentina
- CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas), San Luis, Argentina
| | - César A Almeida
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
- CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas), San Luis, Argentina
| | - Patricia W Stege
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
- CONICET (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas), San Luis, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Medicina Experimental y Transcripcional, IMIBIO-SL, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigación Biológica, San Luis, Argentina
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3
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Ioannou KA, Ioannou GD, Christou A, Schmid MG, Stavrou IJ, Kapnissi-Christodoulou CP. Novel supramolecular deep eutectic solvent (SUPRADES) as a sole chiral selector in capillary electrophoresis for the enantiomeric separation of fluorine-substituted amphetamine analogs. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1715:464628. [PMID: 38183783 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.464628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
In this study, a novel supramolecular deep eutectic solvent consisting of sulfated-β-CD and citric acid (S-β-CD-CA) is reported for the first time. This innovative system was evaluated as a sole chiral selector in capillary electrophoresis for the enantioseparation of six fluorine-substituted amphetamine analogs, yielding remarkable outcomes. Baseline separations of all amphetamine analogs under study were achieved in less than 21.00 min using the S-β-CD-CA as the chiral selector. It was observed that the addition of 0.050 % v/v S-β-CD-CA into the background electrolyte resulted in the baseline separation of five out of the six fluorine-substituted amphetamine analogs, while in the case of the para-substituted amphetamine analog, 4-fluoramphetamine (4-FA), a higher percentage (0.15 % v/v) was required to achieve baseline enantioseparation. These findings emphasized the potential of this new supramolecular system in providing a class of solvents with promising chiral recognition properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Martin G Schmid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Ioannis J Stavrou
- Department of Life Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia 2404, Cyprus.
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4
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Cansever MŞ, Öztekin N, Kıykım E, Zübarioğlu T, Aktuğlu Zeybek AÇ. Separation and quantification of the urinary enantiomers of 2-hydroxyglutaric acid by capillary electrophoresis with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection: Application to the diagnosis of D- and L-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria. J Sep Sci 2023; 46:e2300145. [PMID: 37269210 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria is an inherited neurometabolic disorder with two major types: D-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria and L-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria. An easy and fast capillary electrophoresis system combined with a capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection method was developed for the enantioseparation and determination of D- and L-2-hydroxyglutaric acid in urine. D- and L-2-hydroxyglutaric acids were separated using vancomycin as the chiral selector. The optimal separation conditions for enantiomers were achieved by the use of a buffer containing 50 mM 4-(N-morpholino) butane sulfonic acid solution (pH 6.5), an electroosmotic flow modifier (0.001% [w/v] polybrene), and 30 mM vancomycin as chiral selector. The analysis time was 6 min under optimal conditions. The optimized and validated method was successfully implemented for quantifying D- and L-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria in patients' urine, without any pretreatment step. The linearity of the method was determined to be in the range of 2-100 mg/L for D- and L-2-hydroxyglutaric acid in urine. The precision (relative standard deviation%) was obtained at about 7%. For D- and L-2-hydroxyglutaric acids, the limits of detection were 0.567 and 0.497 mg/L, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Şerif Cansever
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nevin Öztekin
- Department of Chemistry, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ertuğrul Kıykım
- Department of Pediatric Nutrition and Metabolism, Cerrahpaşa Medical School, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Tanyel Zübarioğlu
- Department of Pediatric Nutrition and Metabolism, Cerrahpaşa Medical School, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Çiğdem Aktuğlu Zeybek
- Department of Pediatric Nutrition and Metabolism, Cerrahpaşa Medical School, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, İstanbul, Turkey
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5
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Daneshvar Tarigh G. Enantioseparation/Recognition based on nano techniques/materials. J Sep Sci 2023:e2201065. [PMID: 37043692 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202201065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Enantiomers show different behaviors in interaction with the chiral environment. Due to their identical chemical structure and their wide application in various industries, such as agriculture, medicine, pesticide, food, and so forth, their separation is of great importance. Today, the term "nano" is frequently encountered in all fields. Technology and measuring devices are moving towards miniaturization, and the usage of nanomaterials in all sectors is expanding substantially. Given that scientists have recently attempted to apply miniaturized techniques known as nano-liquid chromatography/capillary-liquid chromatography, which were originally accomplished in 1988, as well as the widespread usage of nanomaterials for chiral resolution (back in 1989), this comprehensive study was developed. Searching the terms "nano" and "enantiomer separation" on scientific websites such as Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science yields articles that either use miniaturized instruments or apply nanomaterials as chiral selectors with a variety of chemical and electrochemical detection techniques, which are discussed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazale Daneshvar Tarigh
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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6
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Lidi G, Xingfang H, Shili Q, Hongtao C, Xuan Z, Bingbing W. l-Cysteine modified metal-organic framework as a chiral stationary phase for enantioseparation by capillary electrochromatography. RSC Adv 2022; 12:6063-6075. [PMID: 35424547 PMCID: PMC8981955 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra07909c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
A new kind of chiral zirconium based metal-organic framework, l-Cys-PCN-222, was synthesized using l-cysteine (l-Cys) as a chiral modifier by a solvent-assisted ligand incorporation approach and utilized as the chiral stationary phase in the capillary electrochromatography system. l-Cys-PCN-222 was characterized by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectra, nitrogen adsorption/desorption, circular dichroism spectrum, zeta-potential and so on. The results revealed that l-Cys-PCN-222 had the advantages of good crystallinity, high specific surface area (1818 m2 g-1), thermal stability and chiral recognition performance. Meanwhile, the l-Cys-PCN-222-bonded open-tubular column was prepared using l-Cys-PCN-222 particles as the solid phase by 'thiol-ene' click chemistry reaction and characterized by scanning electron microscopy, which proved the successful bonding of l-Cys-PCN-222 to the column inner wall. Finally, the stability, reproducibility and chiral separation performance of the l-Cys-PCN-222-bonded OT column were measured. Relative standard deviations (RSD) of the column efficiencies for run-to-run, day-to-day, column-to-column and runs were 1.39-6.62%, and did not obviously change after 200 runs. The enantiomeric separation of 17 kinds of chiral compounds including acidic, neutral and basic amino acids, imidazolinone and aryloxyphenoxypropionic pesticides, and fluoroquinolones were achieved in the l-Cys-PCN-222-bonded OT column. These results demonstrated that the chiral separation system of the chiral metal-organic frameworks (CMOFs) coupled with capillary electrochromatography has good application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao Lidi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University Qiqihar Heilongjiang 161006 China +86 0452 2738214
| | - Hu Xingfang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University Qiqihar Heilongjiang 161006 China +86 0452 2738214
| | - Qin Shili
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University Qiqihar Heilongjiang 161006 China +86 0452 2738214
| | - Chu Hongtao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University Qiqihar Heilongjiang 161006 China +86 0452 2738214
| | - Zhao Xuan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University Qiqihar Heilongjiang 161006 China +86 0452 2738214
| | - Wang Bingbing
- College of Food and Bioengineering, Qiqihar University Qiqihar 161006 China
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7
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Wu D, Ma C, Fan GC, Pan F, Tao Y, Kong Y. Recent advances of the ionic chiral selectors for chiral resolution by chromatography, spectroscopy and electrochemistry. J Sep Sci 2021; 45:325-337. [PMID: 34117714 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Ionic chiral selectors have been received much attention in the field of asymmetric catalysis, chiral recognition, and preparative separation. It has been shown that the addition of ionic chiral selectors can enhance the recognition efficiency dramatically due to the presence of multiple intermolecular interactions, including hydrogen bond, π-π interaction, van der Waals force, electrostatic ion-pairing interaction, and ionic-hydrogen bond. In the initial research stage of the ionic chiral selectors, most of work center on the application in chromatographic separation (capillary electrophoresis, high-performance liquid chromatography, and gas chromatography). Differently, more and more attention has been paid on the spectroscopy (nuclear magnetic resonance, fluorescence, ultraviolet and visible absorption spectrum, and circular dichroism spectrum) and electrochemistry in recent years. In this tutorial review as regards the ionic chiral selectors, we discuss in detail the structural features, properties, and their application in chromatography, spectroscopy, and electrochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Datong Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, P. R. China
| | - Cong Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, P. R. China
| | - Gao-Chao Fan
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, Shandong Key Laboratory of Biochemical Analysis, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, P. R. China
| | - Fei Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yongxin Tao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yong Kong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, P. R. China
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8
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Preparation and evaluation of chiral open-tubular columns supported with zeolite silica nanoparticles and single/dual chiral selectors using capillary electrochromatography with amperometric detection. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1651:462298. [PMID: 34111678 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In this work, novel stationary phase coatings by zeolite SiO2NPs coupled with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) or β-CD/L-phenylalanine were developed for chiral open-tubular capillary electrochromatography (OT-CEC). The OT columns were prepared taking advantage of the strong adhesion of polydopamine in one-step method. Scanning electron micrography and electroosmotic flow were used to characterize the prepared single/dual-selector OT columns. Chiral separation of four chiral analytes (catechin/epicatechin, ephedrine/pseudoephedrine, ritodrine and salbutamol) was carried out in order to evaluate the performance of the prepared columns in OT-CEC with amperometric detection system. In terms of migration time, peak area, resolution, and selectivity factor of catechin/epicatechin and salbutamol, the run-to-run, day-to-day, and column-to-column repeatability were within 8.9%. Under the optimum conditions, the developed methods were applied for the analyses of Chinese herbal medicine Catechu herbs and salbutamol aerosol samples.
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9
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Xu W, Li X, Wang L, Li S, Chu S, Wang J, Li Y, Hou J, Luo Q, Liu J. Design of Cyclodextrin-Based Functional Systems for Biomedical Applications. Front Chem 2021; 9:635507. [PMID: 33681149 PMCID: PMC7931691 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.635507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclodextrins (CDs) are a family of α-1,4-linked cyclic oligosaccharides that possess a hydrophobic cavity and a hydrophilic outer surface with abundant hydroxyl groups. This unique structural characteristic allows CDs to form inclusion complexes with various guest molecules and to functionalize with different substituents for the construction of novel sophisticated systems, ranging from derivatives to polymers, metal-organic frameworks, hydrogels, and other supramolecular assemblies. The excellent biocompatibility, selective recognition ability, and unique bioactive properties also make these CD-based functional systems especially attractive for biomedical applications. In this review, we highlight the characteristics and advantages of CDs as a starting point to design different functional materials and summarize the recent advances in the use of these materials for bioseparation, enzymatic catalysis, biochemical sensing, biomedical diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanjia Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiumei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Liang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Siyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shengnan Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiachun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Yijia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jinxing Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Quan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Junqiu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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10
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Caslavska J, Thormann W. Bioanalysis of drugs and their metabolites by chiral electromigration techniques (2010-2020). Electrophoresis 2021; 42:1744-1760. [PMID: 33570170 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202000383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The further development and application of capillary electromigration techniques for the enantioselective determination of drugs and their metabolites in body fluids, tissues, and in vitro preparations during the 2010 to 2020 time period continued to proof their usefulness and attractiveness in bioanalysis. This review discusses the principles and important aspects of capillary electrophoresis- based chiral drug bioassays, provides a survey of the assays reported during the past 10 years and presents an overview of the key achievements encountered in that time period. For systems with charged chiral selectors, special attention is paid on assays that feature field-amplified sample injection to enable the determination of ppb levels of analytes and optimized online incubation procedures for the rapid assessment of a metabolic pathway. Applications discussed encompass the pharmacokinetics of drug enantiomers in vivo and in vitro, the impact of inhibitors on metabolic steps, the elucidation of the stereoselectivity of drug metabolism in vivo and in vitro, and drug enantiomers in toxicological, forensic, and doping analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitka Caslavska
- Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Wolfgang Thormann
- Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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11
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Lu N, Kutter JP. Recent advances in microchip enantioseparation and analysis. Electrophoresis 2020; 41:2122-2135. [PMID: 32949465 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202000242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes recent developments (over the past decade) in the field of microfluidics-based solutions for enantiomeric separation and detection. The progress in various formats of microchip electrodriven separations, such as MCE, microchip electrochromatography, and multidimensional separation techniques, is discussed. Innovations covering chiral stationary phases, surface coatings, and modification strategies to improve resolution, as well as integration with detection systems, are reported. Finally, combinations with other microfluidic functional units are also presented and highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jörg P Kutter
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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12
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Suttipat D, Butcha S, Assavapanumat S, Maihom T, Gupta B, Perro A, Sojic N, Kuhn A, Wattanakit C. Chiral Macroporous MOF Surfaces for Electroassisted Enantioselective Adsorption and Separation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:36548-36557. [PMID: 32683858 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c09816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The development of surfaces with chiral features is a fascinating challenge for modern materials science, especially when they are used for chiral separation technologies. In this contribution, the design of hierarchically structured chiral macroporous zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) electrodes is presented. They are elaborated by an electrochemical deposition-dissolution technique based on the electrodeposition of metal through a colloidal crystal template, followed by controlled electrooxidation. This generates locally metal cations, which can interact with a chiral ligand present in the solution to form metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). The macroporous structure facilitates the access of the chiral recognition sites, located in the mesoporous MOF, and thus helps to overcome mass transport limitations. The efficiency of the designed functional materials for chiral adsorption and separation can be fine-tuned by applying an adjustable electric potential to the electrode surfaces. This hierarchical chiral ZIF-8 structure was deposited at the walls of a microfluidic device and used as a stationary phase for enantioselective separation. The potential-controlled interaction between the stationary phase and the chiral analytes allows baseline separation of two enantiomers. This opens up interesting perspectives for using hierarchically structured chiral MOFs as an efficient material for the selective adsorption and separation of chiral compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duangkamon Suttipat
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, and Nanocatalysts and Nanomaterials for Sustainable Energy and Environment Research Network of NANOTEC, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Sopon Butcha
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, and Nanocatalysts and Nanomaterials for Sustainable Energy and Environment Research Network of NANOTEC, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Rayong 21210, Thailand
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5255, Bordeaux INP, Site ENSCBP, Pessac 33607, France
| | - Sunpet Assavapanumat
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, and Nanocatalysts and Nanomaterials for Sustainable Energy and Environment Research Network of NANOTEC, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Rayong 21210, Thailand
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5255, Bordeaux INP, Site ENSCBP, Pessac 33607, France
| | - Thana Maihom
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand
| | - Bhavana Gupta
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5255, Bordeaux INP, Site ENSCBP, Pessac 33607, France
| | - Adeline Perro
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5255, Bordeaux INP, Site ENSCBP, Pessac 33607, France
| | - Neso Sojic
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5255, Bordeaux INP, Site ENSCBP, Pessac 33607, France
| | - Alexander Kuhn
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5255, Bordeaux INP, Site ENSCBP, Pessac 33607, France
| | - Chularat Wattanakit
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, and Nanocatalysts and Nanomaterials for Sustainable Energy and Environment Research Network of NANOTEC, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Rayong 21210, Thailand
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13
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Schmid MG, Hägele JS. Separation of enantiomers and positional isomers of novel psychoactive substances in solid samples by chromatographic and electrophoretic techniques – A selective review. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1624:461256. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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14
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Rizvi AS, Murtaza G, Irfan M, Xiao Y, Qu F. Determination of Kynurenine Enantiomers by Alpha-Cyclodextrin, Cationic-βeta-Cyclodextrin and Their Synergy Complemented with Stacking Enrichment in Capillary Electrophoresis. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1622:461128. [PMID: 32331779 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We present high resolution fast, cost-effective and sensitive Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) methods for determination of enantiomeric compounds of Kynurenine pathway, i.e. D, L-Kynurenine (KYN), in human serum and urine samples by cationic-β-CD and its synergistic dual chiral selector system (SD-CSs) with α-CD in 50 mM borax borate buffer (pH 9.0) as BGE. Acid-mediated stacking enrichment by HCl delivered 15 nM limit of detection (LOD) and 50 nM limit of quantification (LOQ). The methods gave advantages of linearity in the concentration range of 50 nM-1000 nM, reproducibility (RSD ≤ 3.35), selectivity against interfering amino acids, and remarkable recoveries. SD-CSs delivered resolution of D, L-KYN twice that of individual chiral selectors (CSs) under similar conditions. The binding constants (Kb) and electrophoretic mobilities (µeff) of D, L-KYN with different concentrations of CSs were calculated to find the migration order of enantiomers. The chiral recognition mechanism was investigated by molecular docking and molecular mechanics, which revealed strong hydrogen bonding between Kynurenine enantiomers and the SD-CSs as compared to individual CS as the key player in binding, formation of stable complexes which led to the ultimate separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysha Sarfraz Rizvi
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ghulam Murtaza
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yin Xiao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Feng Qu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, 5 South Zhongguancun Street, Beijing, 100081, China.
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15
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Wattanakit C, Kuhn A. Encoding Chiral Molecular Information in Metal Structures. Chemistry 2020; 26:2993-3003. [PMID: 31724789 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The concept of encoding molecular information in bulk metals has been proposed over the past decade. The structure of various types of molecules, including enantiomers, can be imprinted in achiral substrates. Typically, to encode metals with chiral information, several approaches, based on chemical and electrochemical concepts, can be used. In this Minireview, recent achievements with respect to the development of such materials are discussed, including the entrapment of chiral biomolecules in metals, the chiral imprinting of metals, as well as the combination of imprinting with nanostructuring. The features and potential applications of these designer materials, such as chirooptical properties, enantioselective adsorption and separation, as well as their use for asymmetric synthesis will be presented. This will illustrate that the development of molecularly encoded metal structures opens up very interesting perspectives, especially in the frame of chiral technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chularat Wattanakit
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), 21210, Rayong, Thailand
| | - Alexander Kuhn
- CNRS UMR 5255, Bordeaux INP, Site ENSCBP, University of Bordeaux, 33607, Pessac, France
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16
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Caslavska J, Thormann W. Contemporary chiral simulators for capillary zone electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2019; 41:502-513. [PMID: 31702052 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201900363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
For separation of enantiomers in presence of a chiral selector, data obtained with the 1D dynamic simulators SIMUL5complex and GENTRANS are compared to data predicted by PeakMaster 6, a recently released generalized model of the linear theory of electromigration. Four electrophoretic systems with stereoisomers of weak bases were investigated. They deal with the estimation of input data for complexation together with the elucidation of the origin of observed system peaks, the interference of analyte and system peak migration, the change of enantiomer migration order as function of the selector concentration and the inversion of analyte migration direction in presence of a multiply negatively charged selector. For all systems, data predicted with PeakMaster 6 are in agreement with those of the dynamic simulators and simulation data compare well with experimental data that were monitored with setups featuring conductivity and/or UV absorbance detection along the capillary. SIMUL5complex and GENTRANS provide the full dynamics of any buffer and sample arrangement and require very long execution time intervals. PeakMaster 6 is restricted to conventional CZE, is based on an approximate solution of the transport equations, provides data for realistic experimental conditions within seconds and represents a practical tool for an experimentalist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitka Caslavska
- Clinical Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Wolfgang Thormann
- Clinical Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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17
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Hu S, Zhang M, Li F, Breadmore MC. β-Cyclodextrin-copper (II) complex as chiral selector in capillary electrophoresis for the enantioseparation of β-blockers. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1596:233-240. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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18
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Assavapanumat S, Yutthalekha T, Garrigue P, Goudeau B, Lapeyre V, Perro A, Sojic N, Wattanakit C, Kuhn A. Potential-Induced Fine-Tuning of the Enantioaffinity of Chiral Metal Phases. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:3471-3475. [PMID: 30552860 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201812057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Concepts leading to single enantiomers of chiral molecules are of crucial importance for many applications, including pharmacology and biotechnology. Recently, mesoporous metal phases encoded with chiral information have been developed. Fine-tuning of the enantioaffinity of such structures by imposing an electric potential is proposed, which can influence the electrostatic interactions between the chiral metal and the target enantiomer. This allows the binding affinity between the chiral metal and the target enantiomer to be increased, and thus, the discrimination between two enantiomers to be improved. The concept is illustrated by generating chiral encoded metals in a microfluidic channel by reduction of a platinum salt in the presence of a liquid crystal and l-tryptophan as a chiral model template. After removal of the template molecules, the modified microchannel retains a pronounced chiral character. The chiral recognition efficiency of the microchannel can be fine-tuned by applying a suitable potential to the metal phase. This enables the separation of both components of a racemate flowing through the channel. The approach constitutes a promising and complementary strategy in the frame of chiral discrimination technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunpet Assavapanumat
- University Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5255, Bordeaux INP, Site ENSCBP, Pessac, France.,School of Energy Science and Engineering and School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Engineering (VISTEC), Rayong, Thailand
| | - Thittaya Yutthalekha
- School of Energy Science and Engineering and School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Engineering (VISTEC), Rayong, Thailand
| | - Patrick Garrigue
- University Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5255, Bordeaux INP, Site ENSCBP, Pessac, France
| | - Bertrand Goudeau
- University Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5255, Bordeaux INP, Site ENSCBP, Pessac, France
| | - Véronique Lapeyre
- University Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5255, Bordeaux INP, Site ENSCBP, Pessac, France
| | - Adeline Perro
- University Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5255, Bordeaux INP, Site ENSCBP, Pessac, France
| | - Neso Sojic
- University Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5255, Bordeaux INP, Site ENSCBP, Pessac, France
| | - Chularat Wattanakit
- School of Energy Science and Engineering and School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Engineering (VISTEC), Rayong, Thailand
| | - Alexander Kuhn
- University Bordeaux, CNRS UMR 5255, Bordeaux INP, Site ENSCBP, Pessac, France
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19
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Klein-Júnior LC, Mangelings D, Vander Heyden Y. Experimental Design Methodologies for the Optimization of Chiral Separations: An Overview. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1985:453-478. [PMID: 31069752 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9438-0_27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this chapter, the application of design of experiments (DoE) for chiral separation optimization using supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC), liquid chromatography (LC), capillary electrophoresis (CE), and capillary electrochromatography (CEC) methods is reviewed. Both screening and optimization steps are covered, including a discussion of each aspect, such as factor-, level-, and response selection. Different designs are also presented, highlighting their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Carlos Klein-Júnior
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Group, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI), Itajaí, SC, Brazil
| | - Debby Mangelings
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Applied Chemometrics and Molecular Modelling, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Yvan Vander Heyden
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Applied Chemometrics and Molecular Modelling, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium.
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20
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Mutalikdesai A, Zoabi A, Kumar VB, Abu-Reziq R, Hassner A, Gedanken A. Enantioselective Separation of Racemic Tryptophan with Sonochemically Prepared Egg Albumin Microspheres. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201800337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amruta Mutalikdesai
- Bar Ilan Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials; Department of Chemistry; Bar-Ilan University; Ramat-Gan 5290002 Israel
| | - Amani Zoabi
- Institute of Chemistry; Casali Center for Applied Chemistry; Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Jerusalem 9190401 Israel
| | - Vijay Bhooshan Kumar
- Bar Ilan Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials; Department of Chemistry; Bar-Ilan University; Ramat-Gan 5290002 Israel
| | - Raed Abu-Reziq
- Institute of Chemistry; Casali Center for Applied Chemistry; Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Jerusalem 9190401 Israel
| | - Alfred Hassner
- Bar Ilan Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials; Department of Chemistry; Bar-Ilan University; Ramat-Gan 5290002 Israel
| | - Aharon Gedanken
- Bar Ilan Institute for Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials; Department of Chemistry; Bar-Ilan University; Ramat-Gan 5290002 Israel
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21
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Kim MY, Park JH. Enantiomer Separation of Acidic Chiral Compounds on a Clarithromycin-Zirconia Hybrid Monolith by Capillary Electrochromatography. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.11423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mi Yeon Kim
- Department of Chemistry; Yeungnam University; Gyeongsan 38541 Korea
| | - Jung Hag Park
- Department of Chemistry; Yeungnam University; Gyeongsan 38541 Korea
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22
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Al-Burtomani SKS, Suliman FO. Experimental and theoretical study of the inclusion complexes of epinephrine with β-cyclodextrin, 18-crown-6 and cucurbit[7]uril. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj04766e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Experimental and molecular dynamics techniques suggested that stable complexes of epinephrine with 18C6, βCD and CB7 might enhance aggregation.
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23
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Zhang X, Yu Q, Lu W, Chen S, Dai Z. Synthesis of new chiral fluorescent sensors and their applications in enantioselective discrimination. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.08.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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24
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A novel enantioseparation approach based on liposome electrokinetic capillary chromatography. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 145:186-194. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Revised: 06/03/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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25
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Šebestová A, Petr J. Fast separation of enantiomers by capillary electrophoresis using a combination of two capillaries with different internal diameters. Electrophoresis 2017; 38:3124-3129. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Šebestová
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials; Faculty of Science; Palacký University in Olomouc; Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Jan Petr
- Department of Analytical Chemistry; Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials; Faculty of Science; Palacký University in Olomouc; Olomouc Czech Republic
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26
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Synthesis of new chiral fluorescent sensors and their applications in enantioselective discrimination. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2017.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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27
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Dixit S, Lee IS, Park JH. Carbamoylated azithromycin incorporated zirconia hybrid monolith for enantioseparation of acidic chiral drugs using non-aqueous capillary electrochromatography. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1507:132-140. [PMID: 28558906 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Carbamoylated derivatives of two antibiotics, namely, clindamycin phosphate (CLIP) and erythromycin (ERY) were successfully employed as co-precursors, in combination of zirconium tetrabutoxide as a precursor, to prepare chiral organic-zirconia hybrid monoliths (i.e., CLIP-ZHMs and ERY-ZHMs, respectively) via a single-step in-situ sol-gel approach in our previous works. Their superiority over chiral organic-zirconia/silica monoliths, prepared by post-modification approach, in terms of better enantioresolution and enhanced stability inspired us to prepare ZHMs based on an another antibiotic, azithromycin (i.e., AZI-ZHMs). Monolithic columns were employed for capillary electrochromatographic enantioseparation of acidic chiral drugs in mobile phases consisting of acetonitrile (ACN) and methanol (MeOH) as organic modifiers, and acetic acid (AcOH) and triethylamine (TEA) as electrolytes. The effects of composition of mobile phase and applied voltage on chiral separation were investigated by using ketoprofen as a representative analyte. Baseline resolutions were obtained for six acidic drugs in mobile phase consisting of 80/20 (v/v) ACN/MeOH with 300mM AcOH and 10mM TEA at a 10kV applied voltage and 25°C capillary temperature. The relative standard deviations for resolution values regarding column to column and batch to batch repeatability were less than 2.5% (for n=3) under optimized conditions, indicating satisfactory stability of the columns and reproducibility of the column preparation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuchi Dixit
- Department of Chemistry, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Il Seung Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Jung Hag Park
- Department of Chemistry, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea.
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28
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Szabó ZI, Gál R, Szőcs L, Ludmerczki R, Muntean DL, Noszál B, Tóth G. Validated capillary electrophoretic method for the enantiomeric quality control of R-praziquantel. Electrophoresis 2017; 38:1886-1894. [PMID: 28221678 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The enantiomers of praziquantel, the drug of choice in schistosomiasis, were separated by electrokinetic chromatography with cyclodextrins. Nine anionic cyclodextrins were screened for their ability to discriminate between the uncharged enantiomers. Seven investigated selectors presented chiral interactions with the enantiomers, these cases being interpreted in terms of stability constants and complex mobilities. The best results were delivered by sulfated-β-cyclodextrin, where quasi-equal stability constants were accompanied by extreme selectivity values and was explained on the basis of highly different mobilities of the transient diastereomeric complexes. Since the enantiomer migration order was unfavorable, a simple polarity switch was employed (detection end at anode), which apart from migration order reversal, also resulted in extreme resolution values (Rs > 35) and increased migration times. After optimization (50 mM phosphate buffer pH 2.0, supplied with 15 mM sulfated-β-cyclodextrin, 15 kV, capillary temperature 25°C, short-end injection with 50 mbar × 2 s), analysis time under 10 min were obtained, while still maintaining high resolution (Rs > 10). The method was validated according to the ICH guidelines and application of the method was tested on in-house synthetized R-praziquantel batches and on commercial, combination tablets containing racemic mixture of the drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán-István Szabó
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tîrgu Mureș, Tîrgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Réka Gál
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tîrgu Mureș, Tîrgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Levente Szőcs
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Róbert Ludmerczki
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Daniela-Lucia Muntean
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tîrgu Mureș, Tîrgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Béla Noszál
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gergő Tóth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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29
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Kim M, Yu SK, Truong QK, Mai XL, Chung HK, Kang JS, Kim KH. Determination of rabeprazole enantiomers in commercial tablets using immobilized cellulose-based stationary phase. Arch Pharm Res 2017; 40:373-381. [PMID: 28229392 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-017-0896-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Rabeprazole is one of the latest proton-pump inhibitors used for treatment of several gastrointestinal disorders. For therapeutic applications, rabeprazole has been administered as a mixture of R-(+) and S-(-) enantiomers. Owing to pharmacological and toxicological differences between stereoisomers, chiral recognition has now become an integral part of drug research and development. A simple and rapid liquid chromatographic method for enantioselective separation and determination of R-(+) and S-(-) enantiomers of rabeprazole in bulk drug and pharmaceutical formulations was developed. Chiralpak IC (150 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) column and μmobile phase containing hexane:ethanol:ethylenediamine (30:70:0.05 v/v) in an isocratic mode yielded baseline separation with resolution greater than 6.0 at 35 °C. Effects of additives and n-hexane were evaluated. Optimized condition was validated as per ICH guidelines. The method has good linearity, high sensitivity with LOD was 0.01 μg/mL and LOQ was 0.03 μg/mL for both enantiomers. Intra-day precision varied between 0.44 and 1.79% for S-(-) enantiomer, 0.65 and 1.97% for R-(+) enantiomer. Relative standard deviations of inter-day precision were less than 1.81% for both enantiomers. The percentage recovery for both enantiomers of rabeprazole ranged between 99.81 and 101.95%, 98.82 and 101.36% in material and tablets, respectively. The method was successfully applied to determine content of each enantiomer in commercial tablets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miri Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Korea
| | - Su Kyung Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Korea
| | - Quoc-Ky Truong
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Korea
| | - Xuan-Lan Mai
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Korea
| | - Hyun Kyu Chung
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Korea
| | - Jong-Seong Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 38430, Korea
| | - Kyeong Ho Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Korea.
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30
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Enantiomeric Separation of (R,S)-Aclidinium Bromide with Negatively Charged Gamma-Cyclodextrin by CE. Chromatographia 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-017-3244-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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31
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Al-Burtomani SKS, Suliman FO. Inclusion complexes of norepinephrine with β-cyclodextrin, 18-crown-6 and cucurbit[7]uril: experimental and molecular dynamics study. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra28638k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Binary and ternary complexes of norepinephrine with 18C6, βCD and CB7 have been characterized using various experimental and theoretical techniques.
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32
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Advances in the Use of Cyclodextrins as Chiral Selectors in Capillary Electrokinetic Chromatography: Fundamentals and Applications. Chromatographia 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-016-3167-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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33
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Chen J, Liang RP, Wu LL, Qiu JD. One-step preparation and application of mussel-inspired poly(norepinephrine)-coated polydimethylsiloxane microchip for separation of chiral compounds. Electrophoresis 2016; 37:1676-84. [PMID: 26970233 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, using the self-polymerization of norepinephrine (NE) and its favorable film-forming property, a simple and green preparation approach was developed to modify a PDMS channel for enantioseparation of chiral compounds. After the PDMS microchip was filled with NE solution, poly(norepinephrine) (PNE) film was gradually formed and deposited on the inner wall of microchannel as permanent coating via the oxidation of NE by the oxygen dissolved in the solution. Due to possessing plentiful catechol and amine functional groups, the PNE-coated PDMS microchip exhibited much better wettability, more stable and suppressed EOF, and less nonspecific adsorption. The water contact angle and EOF of PNE-coated PDMS substrate were measured to be 13° and 1.68 × 10(-4) cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) , compared to those of 108° and 2.24 × 10(-4) cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) from the untreated one, respectively. Different kinds of chiral compounds, such as amino acid enantiomer, drug enantiomer, and peptide enantiomer were efficiently separated utilizing a separation length of 37 mm coupled with in-column amperometric detection on the PNE-coated PDMS microchips. This facile mussel-inspired PNE-based microchip system exhibited strong recognition ability, high-performance, admirable reproducibility, and stability, which may have potential use in the complex biological analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Ru-Ping Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Lu-Lu Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Ding Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, P. R. China
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34
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Shen Z, Lv C, Zeng S. Significance and challenges of stereoselectivity assessing methods in drug metabolism. J Pharm Anal 2016; 6:1-10. [PMID: 29403956 PMCID: PMC5762452 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Stereoselectivity in drug metabolism can not only influence the pharmacological activities, tolerability, safety, and bioavailability of drugs directly, but also cause different kinds of drug-drug interactions. Thus, assessing stereoselectivity in drug metabolism is of great significance for pharmaceutical research and development (R&D) and rational use in clinic. Although there are various methods available for assessing stereoselectivity in drug metabolism, many of them have shortcomings. The indirect method of chromatographic methods can only be applicable to specific samples with functional groups to be derivatized or form complex with a chiral selector, while the direct method achieved by chiral stationary phases (CSPs) is expensive. As a detector of chromatographic methods, mass spectrometry (MS) is highly sensitive and specific, whereas the matrix interference is still a challenge to overcome. In addition, the use of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and immunoassay in chiral analysis are worth noting. This review presents several typical examples of drug stereoselective metabolism and provides a literature-based evaluation on current chiral analytical techniques to show the significance and challenges of stereoselectivity assessing methods in drug metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuowei Shen
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chuang Lv
- Biogen Idec, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Su Zeng
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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35
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Přibylka A, Švidrnoch M, Tesařová E, Armstrong DW, Maier V. The empirical comparison of cyclofructans and cyclodextrins as chiral selectors in capillary electrophoretic separation of atropisomers ofR,S-1,1’-binaphthalene-2,2’-diyl hydrogen phosphate. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:973-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201501012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Přibylka
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science; Palacký University in Olomouc; Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Martin Švidrnoch
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science; Palacký University in Olomouc; Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Eva Tesařová
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Charles University in Prague; Albertov 2030 Prague 2 Czech Republic
| | - Daniel W. Armstrong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Texas at Arlington; Arlington TX USA
| | - Vítězslav Maier
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science; Palacký University in Olomouc; Olomouc Czech Republic
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Fang L, Yu J, Jiang Z, Guo X. Preparation of a β-Cyclodextrin-Based Open-Tubular Capillary Electrochromatography Column and Application for Enantioseparations of Ten Basic Drugs. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146292. [PMID: 26771454 PMCID: PMC4714747 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
An open-tubular capillary electrochromatography column was prepared by chemically immobilized β-cyclodextrin modified gold nanoparticles onto new surface with the prederivatization of (3-mercaptopropyl)-trimethoxysilane. The synthesized nanoparticles and the prepared column were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy and ultraviolet visible spectroscopy. When the column was employed as the chiral stationary phase, no enantioselectivity was observed for ten model basic drugs. So β-cyclodextrin was added to the background electrolyte as chiral additive to expect a possible synergistic effect occurring and resulting in a better separation. Fortunately, significant improvement in enantioselectivity was obtained for ten pairs of drug enantiomers. Then, the effects of β-cyclodextrin concentration and background electrolyte pH on the chiral separation were investigated. With the developed separation mode, all the enantiomers (except for venlafaxine) were baseline separated in resolutions of 4.49, 1.68, 1.88, 1.57, 2.52, 2.33, 3.24, 1.63 and 3.90 for zopiclone, chlorphenamine maleate, brompheniramine maleate, dioxopromethazine hydrochloride, carvedilol, homatropine hydrobromide, homatropine methylbromide, venlafaxine, sibutramine hydrochloride and terbutaline sulfate, respectively. Further, the possible separation mechanism involved was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Fang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P. R. China
| | - Jia Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P. R. China
| | - Xingjie Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P. R. China
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37
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Lv L, Wang L, Zou Y, Chen R, Yu J. Chiral separation by nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis using l-sorbose–boric acid complexes as chiral ion-pair selectors. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra21806g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A chiral nonaqueous capillary electrophoresis (NACE) method using l-sorbose–boric acid complexes as the chiral ion-pair selectors was developed for enantioseparation of nineteen chiral analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Lv
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Hebei University
- Baoding 071002
- China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Hebei University
- Baoding 071002
- China
| | - Yanan Zou
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Hebei University
- Baoding 071002
- China
| | - Rui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Hebei University
- Baoding 071002
- China
| | - Jiaojiao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Hebei University
- Baoding 071002
- China
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Abstract
Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is a versatile and flexible technique for analytical enantioseparations. This is due to the large variety of chiral selectors as well as the different operation modes including electrokinetic chromatography, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, and microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography. The chiral selector, which is added to the background electrolyte, represents a pseudostationary phase with its own electrophoretic mobility allowing a variety of different separation protocols. The present chapter briefly addresses the basic fundamentals of CE enantioseparations as well as the most frequently applied chiral selectors and separation modes. The practical example illustrates the separation of the enantiomers of a positively charged analyte using native and charged cyclodextrin derivatives as chiral selectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard K E Scriba
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Jena, Philosophenweg 14, Jena, 07743, Germany.
| | - Henrik Harnisch
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Jena, Philosophenweg 14, Jena, 07743, Germany
| | - Qingfu Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Wichita State University, 1845 Fairmount St, Wichita, KS, 67260, USA
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39
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Hamidi S, Jouyban A. Pre-Concentration Approaches Combined with Capillary Electrophoresis in Bioanalysis of Chiral Cardiovascular Drugs. PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2015. [DOI: 10.15171/ps.2015.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
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Müllerová L, Dubský P, Ördögová M, Gaš B. Determination of relative enantiomer migration order using a racemic sample. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1424:139-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.10.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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41
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Szabó ZI, Tóth G, Völgyi G, Komjáti B, Hancu G, Szente L, Sohajda T, Béni S, Muntean DL, Noszál B. Chiral separation of asenapine enantiomers by capillary electrophoresis and characterization of cyclodextrin complexes by NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and molecular modeling. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2015; 117:398-404. [PMID: 26440287 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2015.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Revised: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The enantiomers of asenapine maleate (ASN), a novel antipsychotic against schizophrenia and mania with bipolar I disorder have been separated by cyclodextrin (CD) modified capillary zone electrophoresis for the first time. 15 different CDs were screened as complexing agents and chiral selectors, investigating the stability of the inclusion complexes and their enantiodiscriminating capacities. Although initially, none of the applied chiral selectors gave baseline separation, β-CD proved to be the most effective chiral selector. In order to improve resolution, an orthogonal experimental design was employed, altering the concentration of background electrolyte, organic modifier, pH, capillary temperature and applied voltage in a multivariate manner. The developed method (160 mM TRIS-acetate buffer pH 3.5, 7 mM β-CD, at 20 °C, applying 15 kV) was successful for baseline separation of ASN enantiomers (R(s)=2.40±0.04). Our method was validated according to ICH guidelines and proved to be sensitive, linear, accurate and precise for the chiral separation of ASN. Properties of the inclusion complexes, such as stoichiometry, atomic level intermolecular host-guest connections are proposed on the basis of ROESY NMR measurement, ESI-MS spectrometry and molecular modeling studies. It was found that the ASN-β-CD complex is of 1:1 composition, and either of the aromatic rings can be accommodated in the β-CD cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán-István Szabó
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tîrgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Gergő Tóth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gergely Völgyi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs Komjáti
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gabriel Hancu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tîrgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Lajos Szente
- Cyclolab Cyclodextrin Research & Development Laboratory Ltd, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Sohajda
- Cyclolab Cyclodextrin Research & Development Laboratory Ltd, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Szabolcs Béni
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Béla Noszál
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
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de Albuquerque NCP, de Gaitani CM, de Oliveira ARM. A new and fast DLLME-CE method for the enantioselective analysis of zopiclone and its active metabolite after fungal biotransformation. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2015; 109:192-201. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2015.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Revised: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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43
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Molecular recognition based on an electrochemical sensor of per(6-deoxy-6-thio)-β-cyclodextrin self-assembled monolayer modified gold electrode. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2015.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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44
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Yu J, Liang X, Wang Z, Guo X, Sun T, Guo X. Separation of folinic acid diastereomers in capillary electrophoresis using a new cationic β-cyclodextrin derivative. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120216. [PMID: 25781478 PMCID: PMC4364531 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
A method for the separation of folinic acid diastereomers by capillary electrophoresis in chiral separation media was developed. Aiming to achieve a good separation of the anionic analytes, a newly synthesized cationic β-cyclodextrin derivative, mono-6-deoxy-6-piperdine-β-cyclodextrin, was applied as the chiral selector. The effect of background electrolyte pH, the concentration of the cyclodextrin additive, and organic modifier on the separation was investigated. A good separation of folinic acid diastereomers was obtained with 30 mmol/L phosphate buffer at pH 6.50 containing 6.0 mmol/L of mono-6-deoxy-6-piperdine-β-cyclodextrin in 10% acetonitrile. Based on the capillary electrophoresis data, the binding constants of each diastereomer with mono-6-deoxy-6-piperdine-β-cyclodextrin were determined. Moreover, a computational modeling study, using the semi-empirical PM3 method, was used to discuss the possible mechanism of separation of folinic acid with mono-6-deoxy-6-piperdine-β-cyclodextrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P. R. China
| | - Xinlei Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P. R. China
| | - Zhaokun Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P. R. China
| | - Xin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P. R. China
| | - Tiemin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P. R. China
| | - Xingjie Guo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P. R. China
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45
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Dubský P, Müllerová L, Dvořák M, Gaš B. Generalized model of electromigration with 1:1 (analyte:selector) complexation stoichiometry: Part I. Theory. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1384:142-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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46
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Müllerová L, Dubský P, Gaš B. Generalized model of electromigration with 1:1 (analyte:selector) complexation stoichiometry: Part II. Application to dual systems and experimental verification. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1384:147-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.01.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Revised: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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47
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Thormann W, Caslavska J, Mosher RA. Computer simulation of electrophoretic aspects of enantiomer migration and separation in capillary electrochromatography with a neutral selector. Electrophoresis 2015; 36:773-83. [PMID: 25401792 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201400457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2014] [Revised: 11/08/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A computer simulation study describing the electrophoretic separation and migration of methadone enantiomers in presence of free and immobilized (2-hydroxypropyl)-β-CD is presented. The 1:1 interaction of methadone with the neutral CD was simulated by using experimentally determined mobilities and complexation constants for the complexes in a low-pH BGE comprising phosphoric acid and KOH. The use of complex mobilities represents free solution conditions with the chiral selector being a buffer additive, whereas complex mobilities set to zero provide data that mimic migration and separation with the chiral selector being immobilized, that is CEC conditions in absence of unspecific interaction between analytes and the chiral stationary phase. Simulation data reveal that separations are quicker, electrophoretic displacement rates are reduced, and sensitivity is enhanced in CEC with on-column detection in comparison to free solution conditions. Simulation is used to study electrophoretic analyte behavior at the interface between sample and the CEC column with the chiral selector (analyte stacking) and at the rear end when analytes leave the environment with complexation (analyte destacking). The latter aspect is relevant for off-column analyte detection in CEC and is described here for the first time via the dynamics of migrating analyte zones. Simulation provides insight into means to counteract analyte dilution at the column end via use of a BGE with higher conductivity. Furthermore, the impact of EOF on analyte migration, separation, and detection for configurations with the selector zone being displaced or remaining immobilized under buffer flow is simulated. In all cases, the data reveal that detection should occur within or immediately after the selector zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Thormann
- Clinical Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute for Infectious Diseases, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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48
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Yu J, Zhao Y, Song J, Guo X. Enantioseparation of meptazinol and its three intermediate enantiomers by capillary electrophoresis using a new cationic β-cyclodextrin derivative in single and dual cyclodextrin systems. Biomed Chromatogr 2015; 28:868-74. [PMID: 24861756 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A new cationic β-cyclodextrin derivative, mono-6-deoxy-6-piperdine-β-cyclodextrin (PIP-β-CD), was synthesized and applied as a chiral selector for the enantioseparation of meptazinol and its three intermediate enantiomers (intermediates II-IV) in capillary electrophoresis. When PIP-β-CD was employed as the single CD system, intermediate II was baseline enantioseparated while the results for the other analytes were less satisfactory. In order to enhance the selectivity and resolution of meptazinol intermediate III and intermediate IV, dual CD systems of PIP-β-CD in combination with three different neutral CDs were synthesized and tested: β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), trimethyl-β-cyclodextrin (TM-β-CD) and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD). After investigating the effect on the enantioseparation efficiency of the nature and the concentration of both CDs, the dual CD system consisting of PIP-β-CD and HP-β-CD was shown to be the most efficient for the simultaneous enantioseparation of meptazinol intermediates III and IV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yu
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
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49
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Tiwari MP, Prasad A. Molecularly imprinted polymer based enantioselective sensing devices: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 853:1-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Revised: 06/08/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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50
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Li W, Ding GS, Tang AN. Enantiomer separation of propranolol and tryptophan using bovine serum albumin functionalized silica nanoparticles as adsorbents. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra17535f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The immobilization of popular chiral selectors on the surface of nanomaterials to prepare new chiral adsorbents for preparative chiral separation is a research hotspot in separation science nowadays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences
- College of Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
| | - Guo-Sheng Ding
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- P. R. China
| | - An-Na Tang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences
- College of Chemistry
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
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