1
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Sah MK, Naskar K, Adhikari S, Smits B, Meyer J, Somers MF. On the quantum dynamical treatment of surface vibrational modes for reactive scattering of H2 from Cu(111) at 925 K. J Chem Phys 2024; 161:014306. [PMID: 38953445 DOI: 10.1063/5.0217639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
We construct the effective Hartree potential for H2 on Cu(111) as introduced in our earlier work [Dutta et al., J. Chem. Phys. 154, 104103 (2021), and Dutta et al., J. Chem. Phys. 157, 194112 (2022)] starting from the same gas-metal interaction potential obtained for 0 K. Unlike in that work, we now explicitly account for surface expansion at 925 K and investigate different models to describe the surface vibrational modes: (i) a cluster model yielding harmonic normal modes at 0 K and (ii) slab models resulting in phonons at 0 and 925 K according to the quasi-harmonic approximation-all consistently calculated at the density functional theory level with the same exchange-correlation potential. While performing dynamical calculations for the H2(v = 0, j = 0)-Cu(111) system employing Hartree potential constructed with 925 K phonons and surface temperature, (i) the calculated chemisorption probabilities are the highest compared to the other approaches over the energy domain and (ii) the threshold for the reaction probability is the lowest, in close agreement with the experiment. Although the survival probabilities (v' = 0) depict the expected trend (lower in magnitude), the excitation probabilities (v' = 1) display a higher magnitude since the 925 K phonons and surface temperature are more effective for the excitation process compared to the phonons/normal modes obtained from the other approaches investigated to describe the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mantu Kumar Sah
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Koushik Naskar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Satrajit Adhikari
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Bauke Smits
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Building, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jörg Meyer
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Building, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mark F Somers
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Building, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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2
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Žugec I, Tetenoire A, Muzas AS, Zhang Y, Jiang B, Alducin M, Juaristi JI. Understanding the Photoinduced Desorption and Oxidation of CO on Ru(0001) Using a Neural Network Potential Energy Surface. JACS AU 2024; 4:1997-2004. [PMID: 38818055 PMCID: PMC11134377 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.4c00197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
The study of ultrafast photoinduced dynamics of adsorbates on metal surfaces requires thorough investigation of laser-excited electrons and, in many cases, the highly excited surface lattice. While ab initio molecular dynamics with electronic friction and thermostats (Te, Tl)-AIMDEF addresses such complex modeling, it imposes severe computational costs, hindering quantitative comparison with experimental desorption probabilities. In order to bypass this limitation, we utilize the embedded atom neural network method to construct a potential energy surface (PES) for the coadsorption of CO and O on Ru(0001). Our results demonstrate that this PES not only reproduces the short-time ab initio dynamics but is also able to yield statistically significant data for long lasting trajectories that correlate well with experimental findings. Furthermore, the analysis of the laser-induced dynamics reveals the existence of a dynamic trapping state that acts as a precursor for CO desorption, and it is not observed under thermal conditions. Altogether, our results validate the underlying theoretical framework, providing robust support for the description of not only the photoinduced desorption but also the oxidation of CO in terms of nonequilibrated but thermal hot electrons and phonons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Žugec
- Centro
de Física de Materiales CFM/MPC (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Auguste Tetenoire
- Donostia
International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Alberto S. Muzas
- Centro
de Física de Materiales CFM/MPC (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Departamento
de Polímeros y Materiales Avanzados: Física, Química
y Tecnología, Facultad de Química, UPV/EHU, Apartado 1072, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Yaolong Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry Department of Chemical
Physics, University of Science and Technology
of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Key
Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry Department of Chemical
Physics, University of Science and Technology
of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Maite Alducin
- Centro
de Física de Materiales CFM/MPC (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Donostia
International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - J. Iñaki Juaristi
- Centro
de Física de Materiales CFM/MPC (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Donostia
International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Departamento
de Polímeros y Materiales Avanzados: Física, Química
y Tecnología, Facultad de Química, UPV/EHU, Apartado 1072, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
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3
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Lv G, Tu Y, Zhang JH, Chen G. Photomolecular effect: Visible light interaction with air-water interface. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2320844121. [PMID: 38652751 PMCID: PMC11067046 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2320844121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Although water is almost transparent to visible light, we demonstrate that the air-water interface interacts strongly with visible light via what we hypothesize as the photomolecular effect. In this effect, transverse-magnetic polarized photons cleave off water clusters from the air-water interface. We use 14 different experiments to demonstrate the existence of this effect and its dependence on the wavelength, incident angle, and polarization of visible light. We further demonstrate that visible light heats up thin fogs, suggesting that this process can impact weather, climate, and the earth's water cycle and that it provides a mechanism to resolve the long-standing puzzle of larger measured clouds absorption to solar radiation than theory could predict based on bulk water optical constants. Our study suggests that the photomolecular effect should happen widely in nature, from clouds to fogs, ocean to soil surfaces, and plant transpiration and can also lead to applications in energy and clean water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangxin Lv
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
| | - Yaodong Tu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
| | - James H. Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
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4
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S. Muzas A, Serrano Jiménez A, Zhang Y, Jiang B, Juaristi JI, Alducin M. Multicoverage Study of Femtosecond Laser-Induced Desorption of CO from Pd(111). J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:2587-2594. [PMID: 38416783 PMCID: PMC10926157 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
We study the strong coverage dependence of the femtosecond laser-induced desorption of CO from Pd(111) using molecular dynamics simulations that consistently include the effect of the laser-induced hot electrons on both the adsorbates and surface atoms. Adiabatic forces are obtained from a multicoverage neural network potential energy surface that we construct using data from density functional theory calculations for 0.33 and 0.75 monolayer (ML). Our molecular dynamics simulations performed for these two trained coverages and an additional intermediate coverage of 0.60 ML reproduce well the peculiarities of the experimental findings. The performed simulations also permit us to disentangle the relative role played by the excited electrons and phonons on the desorption process and discover interesting properties of the reaction dynamics as the relevance that the precursor physisorption well acquires during the dynamics as coverage increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto S. Muzas
- Departamento
de Polímeros y Materiales Avanzados: Física, Química
y Tecnología, Facultad de Químicas (UPV/EHU), Apartado 1072, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro
de Física de Materiales CFM/MPC (CSIC−UPV/EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Alfredo Serrano Jiménez
- Centro
de Física de Materiales CFM/MPC (CSIC−UPV/EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Yaolong Zhang
- Hefei
National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, Key Laboratory
of Surface and Interface Chemistry and Energy Catalysis of Anhui Higher
Education Institutes, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Hefei
National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, Key Laboratory
of Surface and Interface Chemistry and Energy Catalysis of Anhui Higher
Education Institutes, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People’s
Republic of China
| | - J. Iñaki Juaristi
- Departamento
de Polímeros y Materiales Avanzados: Física, Química
y Tecnología, Facultad de Químicas (UPV/EHU), Apartado 1072, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro
de Física de Materiales CFM/MPC (CSIC−UPV/EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Donostia
International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Maite Alducin
- Centro
de Física de Materiales CFM/MPC (CSIC−UPV/EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Donostia
International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
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5
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Tetenoire A, Juaristi JI, Alducin M. Disentangling the role of electrons and phonons in the photoinduced CO desorption and CO oxidation on (O,CO)-Ru(0001). Front Chem 2023; 11:1235176. [PMID: 37521015 PMCID: PMC10380958 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1235176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The role played by electronic and phononic excitations in the femtosecond laser induced desorption and oxidation of CO coadsorbed with O on Ru(0001) is investigated using ab initio molecular dynamics with electronic friction. To this aim, simulations that account for both kind of excitations and that only consider electronic excitations are performed. Results for three different surface coverages are obtained. We unequivocally demonstrate that CO desorption is governed by phononic excitations. In the case of oxidation the low statistics does not allow to give a categorical answer. However, the analysis of the adsorbates kinetic energy gain and displacements strongly suggest that phononic excitations and surface distortion also play an important role in the oxidation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Auguste Tetenoire
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - J. Iñaki Juaristi
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
- Departamento de Polímeros y Materiales Avanzados: Física, Química y Tecnología, Facultad de Química (UPV/EHU), Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales CFM/MPC (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Maite Alducin
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales CFM/MPC (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
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6
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Tetenoire A, Ehlert C, Juaristi JI, Saalfrank P, Alducin M. Why Ultrafast Photoinduced CO Desorption Dominates over Oxidation on Ru(0001). J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:8516-8521. [PMID: 36067002 PMCID: PMC9486938 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
CO oxidation on Ru(0001) is a long-standing example of a reaction that, being thermally forbidden in ultrahigh vacuum, can be activated by femtosecond laser pulses. In spite of its relevance, the precise dynamics of the photoinduced oxidation process as well as the reasons behind the dominant role of the competing CO photodesorption remain unclear. Here we use ab initio molecular dynamics with electronic friction that account for the highly excited and nonequilibrated system created by the laser to investigate both reactions. Our simulations successfully reproduce the main experimental findings: the existence of photoinduced oxidation and desorption, the large desorption to oxidation branching ratio, and the changes in the O K-edge X-ray absorption spectra attributed to the initial stage of the oxidation process. Now, we are able to monitor in detail the ultrafast CO desorption and CO oxidation occurring in the highly excited system and to disentangle what causes the unexpected inertness to the otherwise energetically favored oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Auguste Tetenoire
- Donostia
International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Christopher Ehlert
- Heidelberg
Institute for Theoretical Studies (HITS gGmbH), Schloss-Wolfsbrunnenweg 35, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany
- Interdisciplinary
Center for Scientific Computing (IWR), Ruprecht-Karls-Universität
Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer
Feld 205, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - J. I. Juaristi
- Donostia
International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Departamento
de Polímeros y Materiales Avanzados: Física, Química
y Tecnología, Facultad de Químicas
(UPV/EHU), Apartado 1072, 20080, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro
de Física de Materiales CFM/MPC (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Peter Saalfrank
- Institut
für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, D-14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - M. Alducin
- Donostia
International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro
de Física de Materiales CFM/MPC (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
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7
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Koval NE, Sánchez-Portal D, Borisov AG, Díez Muiño R. Time-dependent density functional theory calculations of electronic friction in non-homogeneous media. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:20239-20248. [PMID: 35996966 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01972h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The excitation of low-energy electron-hole pairs is one of the most relevant processes in the gas-surface interaction. An efficient tool to account for these excitations in simulations of atomic and molecular dynamics at surfaces is the so-called local density friction approximation (LDFA). The LDFA is based on a strong approximation that simplifies the dynamics of the electronic system: a local friction coefficient is defined using the value of the electronic density for the unperturbed system at each point of the dynamics. In this work, we apply real-time time-dependent density functional theory to the problem of the electronic friction of a negative point charge colliding with spherical jellium metal clusters. Our non-adiabatic, parameter-free results provide a benchmark for the widely used LDFA approximation and allow the discussion of various processes relevant to the electronic response of the system in the presence of the projectile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia E Koval
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CFM) CSIC-UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, E-20018 San Sebastián, Spain. .,Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, E-20018 San Sebastián, Spain.,CIC Nanogune BRTA, Tolosa Hiribidea 76, E-20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Daniel Sánchez-Portal
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CFM) CSIC-UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, E-20018 San Sebastián, Spain. .,Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, E-20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Andrei G Borisov
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), UMR 8214, CNRS-Université Paris-Saclay, Bât. 520, F-91405 Orsay CEDEX, France
| | - Ricardo Díez Muiño
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CFM) CSIC-UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, E-20018 San Sebastián, Spain. .,Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, E-20018 San Sebastián, Spain
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8
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Muzas A, Serrano Jiménez A, Ovčar J, Lončarić I, Alducin M, Juaristi JI. Absence of isotope effects in the photo-induced desorption of CO from saturated Pd(111) at high laser fluence. Chem Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2022.111518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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9
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Fischer EW, Werther M, Bouakline F, Grossmann F, Saalfrank P. Non-Markovian Vibrational Relaxation Dynamics at Surfaces. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:214702. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0092836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Vibrational dynamics of adsorbates near surfaces plays both an important role for applied surface science and as model lab for studying fundamental problems of open quantum systems. We employ a previously developed model for the relaxation of a D-Si-Si bending mode at a D:Si(100)-(2$\times$1) surface, induced by a ``bath' of more than $2000$ phonon modes [U. Lorenz, P. Saalfrank, Chem. Phys. {\bf 482}, 69 (2017)], to extend previous work along various directions. First, we use a Hierarchical Effective Mode (HEM) model [E.W. Fischer, F. Bouakline, M. Werther, P. Saalfrank, J. Chem. Phys. {\bf 153}, 064704 (2020)] to study relaxation of higher excited vibrational states than hitherto done, by solving a high-dimensional system-bath time-dependent Schr\"odinger equation (TDSE). In the HEM approach, (many) real bath modes are replaced by (much less) effective bath modes. Accordingly, we are able to examine scaling laws for vibrational relaxation lifetimes for a realistic surface science problem. Second, we compare the performance of the multilayer multiconfigurational time-dependent Hartree (ML-MCTDH) approach with the recently developed coherent-state based multi-Davydov D2 {\it ansatz} [N. Zhou, Z. Huang, J. Zhu, V. Chernyak, Y. Zhao, {J. Chem. Phys.} {\bf 143}, 014113 (2015)]. Both approaches work well, with some computational advantages for the latter in the presented context. Third, we apply open-system density matrix theory in comparison with basically ``exact' solutions of the multi-mode TDSEs. Specifically, we use an open-system Liouville-von Neumann (LvN) equation treating vibration-phonon coupling as Markovian dissipation in Lindblad form to quantify effects beyond the Born-Markov approximation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Foudhil Bouakline
- Institute of Chemistry, Universität Potsdam Institut für Chemie, Germany
| | - Frank Grossmann
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Technische Universität Dresden Fachrichtung Physik, Germany
| | - Peter Saalfrank
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam Institut für Chemie, Germany
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10
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Mandal S, Gatti F, Bindech O, Marquardt R, Tremblay JC. Multidimensional Stochastic Dissipative Quantum Dynamics Using a Lindblad Operator. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:094109. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0079735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Souvik Mandal
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie Théoriques, Universite de Lorraine - Site de Metz, France
| | - Fabien Gatti
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay, Paris-Saclay University, France
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11
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Hu C, Lin Q, Guo H, Jiang B. Influence of supercell size on Gas-Surface Scattering: A case study of CO scattering from Au(1 1 1). Chem Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2021.111423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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12
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Formulation of temperature dependent effective Hartree potential incorporating quadratic over linear molecular DOFs-surface modes couplings and its effect on quantum dynamics of D2 (v = 0, j = 0)/D2 (v = 0, j = 2) on Cu(111) metal surface. Chem Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2021.111371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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13
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Podder C, Gong X, Pan H. Ultrafast, Non-Equilibrium and Transient Heating and Sintering of Nanocrystals for Nanoscale Metal Printing. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2103436. [PMID: 34617399 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202103436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The carrier excitation, relaxation, energy transport, and conversion processes during light-nanocrystal (NC) interactions have been intensively investigated for applications in optoelectronics, photocatalysis, and photovoltaics. However, there are limited studies on the non-equilibrium heating under relatively high laser excitation that leads to NCs sintering. Here, the authors use femtosecond laser two-pulse correlation and in-situ optical transmission probing to investigate the non-equilibrium heating of NCs and transient sintering dynamics. First, a two-pulse correlation study reveals that the sintering rate strongly increases when the two heating laser pulses are temporally separated by <10 ps. Second, the sintering rate is found to increase nonlinearly with laser fluence when heating with ≈700 fs laser pulses. By three-temperature modeling, the NC sintering mechanism mediated by electron induced ligand transformation is suggested. The ultrafast and non-equilibrium process facilitates sintering in dry (spin-coated) and wet (solvent suspended) environments. The nonlinear dependence of sintering rate on laser fluence is exploited to print sub-diffraction-limited features in NC suspension. The smallest feature printed is ≈200 nm, which is ≈¼ of the laser wavelength. These findings provide a new perspective toward nanomanufacturing development based on probing and engineering ultrafast transport phenomena in functional NCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinmoy Podder
- J. Mike Walker '66 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Xiangtao Gong
- J. Mike Walker '66 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Heng Pan
- J. Mike Walker '66 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, 65401, USA
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14
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Podder C, Gong X, Yu X, Shou W, Pan H. Submicron Metal 3D Printing by Ultrafast Laser Heating and Induced Ligand Transformation of Nanocrystals. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:42154-42163. [PMID: 34432433 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c10775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Currently, light-based three-dimensional (3D) printing with submicron features is mainly developed based on photosensitive polymers or inorganic-polymer composite materials. To eliminate polymer/organic additives, a strategy for direct 3D assembly and printing of metallic nanocrystals without additives is presented. Ultrafast laser with intensity in the range of 1 × 1010 to 1 × 1012 W/cm2 is used to nonequilibrium heat nanocrystals and induce ligand transformation, which triggers the spontaneous fusion and localized assembly of nanocrystals. The process is due to the operation of hot electrons as confirmed by a strong dependence of the printing rate on laser pulse duration varied in the range of electron-phonon relaxation time. Using the developed laser-induced ligand transformation (LILT) process, direct printing of 3D metallic structures at micro and submicron scales is demonstrated. Facile integration with other microscale additive manufacturing for printing 3D devices containing multiscale features is also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinmoy Podder
- J. Mike Walker '66 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Xiangtao Gong
- J. Mike Walker '66 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Xiaowei Yu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65401, United States
| | - Wan Shou
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65401, United States
| | - Heng Pan
- J. Mike Walker '66 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65401, United States
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15
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Serrano Jiménez A, Sánchez Muzas AP, Zhang Y, Ovčar J, Jiang B, Lončarić I, Juaristi JI, Alducin M. Photoinduced Desorption Dynamics of CO from Pd(111): A Neural Network Approach. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:4648-4659. [PMID: 34278798 PMCID: PMC8389528 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Modeling the ultrafast
photoinduced dynamics and reactivity of
adsorbates on metals requires including the effect of the laser-excited
electrons and, in many cases, also the effect of the highly excited
surface lattice. Although the recent ab initio molecular dynamics
with electronic friction and thermostats, (Te,Tl)-AIMDEF [AlducinM.;2019, 123, 246802]31922860, enables such complex
modeling, its computational cost may limit its applicability. Here,
we use the new embedded atom neural network (EANN) method [ZhangY.;2019, 10, 496231397157] to develop an accurate and extremely
complex potential energy surface (PES) that allows us a detailed and
reliable description of the photoinduced desorption of CO from the
Pd(111) surface with a coverage of 0.75 monolayer. Molecular dynamics
simulations performed on this EANN-PES reproduce the (Te,Tl)-AIMDEF results with
a remarkable level of accuracy. This demonstrates the outstanding
performance of the obtained EANN-PES that is able to reproduce available
density functional theory (DFT) data for an extensive range of surface
temperatures (90–1000 K); a large number of degrees of freedom,
those corresponding to six CO adsorbates and 24 moving surface atoms;
and the varying CO coverage caused by the abundant desorption events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Serrano Jiménez
- Centro de Física de Materiales CFM/MPC (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Alberto P Sánchez Muzas
- Centro de Física de Materiales CFM/MPC (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Yaolong Zhang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Chemistry and Energy Catalysis of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Juraj Ovčar
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Bin Jiang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Chemistry and Energy Catalysis of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Ivor Lončarić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.,Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - J Iñaki Juaristi
- Centro de Física de Materiales CFM/MPC (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.,Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.,Departamento de Polímeros y Materiales Avanzados: Física, Química y Tecnología, Facultad de Químicas (UPV/EHU), Apartado 1072, 20080 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Maite Alducin
- Centro de Física de Materiales CFM/MPC (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.,Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
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16
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Ke Y, Erpenbeck A, Peskin U, Thoss M. Unraveling current-induced dissociation mechanisms in single-molecule junctions. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:234702. [PMID: 34241274 DOI: 10.1063/5.0053828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding current-induced bond rupture in single-molecule junctions is both of fundamental interest and a prerequisite for the design of molecular junctions, which are stable at higher-bias voltages. In this work, we use a fully quantum mechanical method based on the hierarchical quantum master equation approach to analyze the dissociation mechanisms in molecular junctions. Considering a wide range of transport regimes, from off-resonant to resonant, non-adiabatic to adiabatic transport, and weak to strong vibronic coupling, our systematic study identifies three dissociation mechanisms. In the weak and intermediate vibronic coupling regime, the dominant dissociation mechanism is stepwise vibrational ladder climbing. For strong vibronic coupling, dissociation is induced via multi-quantum vibrational excitations triggered either by a single electronic transition at high bias voltages or by multiple electronic transitions at low biases. Furthermore, the influence of vibrational relaxation on the dissociation dynamics is analyzed and strategies for improving the stability of molecular junctions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Ke
- Institute of Physics, Albert-Ludwig University Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Strasse 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - André Erpenbeck
- School of Chemistry, The Raymond and Beverley Sackler Center for Computational Molecular and Materials Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Uri Peskin
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Michael Thoss
- Institute of Physics, Albert-Ludwig University Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Strasse 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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17
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Aguilar-Galindo F, Borisov AG, Díaz-Tendero S. Ultrafast Dynamics of Electronic Resonances in Molecules Adsorbed on Metal Surfaces: A Wave Packet Propagation Approach. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:639-654. [PMID: 33508201 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.0c01031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We present a wave packet propagation-based method to study the electron dynamics in molecular species in the gas phase and adsorbed on metal surfaces. It is a very general method that can be employed to any system where the electron dynamics is dominated by an active electron and the coupling between the discrete and continuum electronic states is of importance. As an example, one can consider resonant molecule-surface electron transfer or molecular photoionization. Our approach is based on a computational strategy allowing incorporating ab initio inputs from quantum chemistry methods, such as density functional theory, Hartree-Fock, and coupled cluster. Thus, the electronic structure of the molecule is fully taken into account. The electron wave function is represented on a three-dimensional grid in spatial coordinates, and its temporal evolution is obtained from the solution of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation. We illustrate our method with an example of the electron dynamics of anionic states localized on organic molecules adsorbed on metal surfaces. In particular, we study resonant charge transfer from the π* orbitals of three vinyl derivatives (acrylamide, acrylonitrile, and acrolein) adsorbed on a Cu(100) surface. Electron transfer between these lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals and the metal surface is extremely fast, leading to a decay of the population of the molecular anion on the femtosecond timescale. We detail how to analyze the time-dependent electronic wave function in order to obtain the relevant information on the system: the energies and lifetimes of the molecule-localized quasistationary states, their resonant wavefunctions, and the population decay channels. In particular, we demonstrate the effect of the electronic structure of the substrate on the energy and momentum distribution of the hot electrons injected into the metal by the decaying molecular resonance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Aguilar-Galindo
- Departmento de Química, Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain.,Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, Donostia-San Sebastián E-20018, Spain
| | - Andrey G Borisov
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay, UMR 8214, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay 91405, France
| | - Sergio Díaz-Tendero
- Departmento de Química, Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain.,Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain.,Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Science (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
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18
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Teusch T, Klüner T. Photodesorption mechanism of water on WO 3(001) - a combined embedded cluster, computational intelligence and wave packet approach. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:19267-19274. [PMID: 32815960 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp02809f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work we investigate the mechanism of photodesorption of water from a WO3(001) surface by theoretical calculations, applying an embedded cluster model. Using the CASSCF method, we have calculated both the ground state as well as the energetically preferred charge-transfer state in three degrees of freedom of the water molecule on the surface. The calculated potential energy surfaces were afterwards fitted with a neural network optimized by a genetic algorithm. A final quantum dynamic wave packet study provided insight into the photodesorption mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Teusch
- Department of Chemistry, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany.
| | - Thorsten Klüner
- Department of Chemistry, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany.
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19
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Fischer EW, Werther M, Bouakline F, Saalfrank P. A hierarchical effective mode approach to phonon-driven multilevel vibrational relaxation dynamics at surfaces. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:064704. [PMID: 35287458 DOI: 10.1063/5.0017716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
We discuss an efficient Hierarchical Effective Mode (HEM) representation of a high-dimensional harmonic oscillator bath, which describes phonon-driven vibrational relaxation of an adsorbate-surface system, namely, deuterium adsorbed on Si(100). Starting from the original Hamiltonian of the adsorbate-surface system, the HEM representation is constructed via iterative orthogonal transformations, which are efficiently implemented with Householder matrices. The detailed description of the HEM representation and its construction are given in the second quantization representation. The hierarchical nature of this representation allows access to the exact quantum dynamics of the adsorbate-surface system over finite time intervals, controllable via the truncation order of the hierarchy. To study the convergence properties of the effective mode representation, we solve the time-dependent Schrödinger equation of the truncated system-bath HEM Hamiltonian, with the help of the multilayer extension of the Multiconfigurational Time-Dependent Hartree (ML-MCTDH) method. The results of the HEM representation are compared with those obtained with a quantum-mechanical tier-model. The convergence of the HEM representation with respect to the truncation order of the hierarchy is discussed for different initial conditions of the adsorbate-surface system. The combination of the HEM representation with the ML-MCTDH method provides information on the time evolution of the system (adsorbate) and multiple effective modes of the bath (surface). This permits insight into mechanisms of vibration-phonon coupling of the adsorbate-surface system, as well as inter-mode couplings of the effective bath.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric W Fischer
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Michael Werther
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Foudhil Bouakline
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Peter Saalfrank
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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20
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Serwatka T, Füchsel G, Tremblay JC. Scattering of NO(ν = 3) from Au(111): a stochastic dissipative quantum dynamical perspective. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:6584-6594. [PMID: 32159168 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp06084g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we present a theoretical study of the scattering dynamics of NO(ν = 3) from an ideal unreconstructed Au(111) surface. The simulations are performed in reduced dimensions at the three high-symmetry sites employing our recent modification to the stochastic wave packet approach for diatomic-metal scattering [J. Chem. Phys., 2019, 150, 184105]. Energy exchange between molecular vibrational degrees of freedom and the electron-hole pairs (EHP) of the metal is accounted for by quantized stochastic jump operators, with associated rates obtained from a microscopic model based on Fermi's golden rule. The simulations are found to reproduce the experimentally observed trend of enhanced vibrational relaxation probabilities with increasing initial translational energy. Molecular dynamics simulations with electronic friction (MDEF) in the independent atom approximation were performed to compare classical and quantum dynamical descriptions of that system. Significant differences between these two descriptions were found indicating that intermode coupling must be described accurately by using a good potential energy surface, and pointing out at the potentially important influence of a quantized description of energy relaxation in describing the scattering of NO from Au(111).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Serwatka
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195, Germany.
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21
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Alducin M, Camillone N, Hong SY, Juaristi JI. Electrons and Phonons Cooperate in the Laser-Induced Desorption of CO from Pd(111). PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:246802. [PMID: 31922860 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.246802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Femtosecond laser induced desorption of CO from a CO-covered Pd(111) surface is investigated with ab initio molecular dynamics with electronic friction that incorporates effects due to the excited electronic and phononic systems, as well as out-of-phase coadsorbate interactions. Our simulations show evidence of an important electron-phonon synergy in promoting CO desorption that has largely been neglected in other similar systems. At the saturated coverage of 0.75 ML, effects due to CO-CO interadsorbate energy exchange are also important. Our dynamics simulations, in concert with site-specific desorption energy calculations, allow us to understand the large coverage dependence of the desorption yields observed in experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maite Alducin
- Centro de Física de Materiales CFM/MPC (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Nicholas Camillone
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - Sung-Young Hong
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - J Iñaki Juaristi
- Centro de Física de Materiales CFM/MPC (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Químicas (UPV/EHU), Apartado 1072, 20080 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
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22
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Erpenbeck A, Thoss M. Hierarchical quantum master equation approach to vibronic reaction dynamics at metal surfaces. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:191101. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5128206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A. Erpenbeck
- Institute of Physics, Albert-Ludwig University Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Strasse 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - M. Thoss
- Institute of Physics, Albert-Ludwig University Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Strasse 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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23
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Habecker F, Röhse R, Klüner T. Dissipative quantum dynamics using the stochastic surrogate Hamiltonian approach. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:134113. [PMID: 31594331 DOI: 10.1063/1.5119195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on the original Stochastic Surrogate Hamiltonian approach for the simulation of open quantum system dynamics, we present a modified algorithm for the swap procedure. The implementation is tested with nuclear relaxation dynamics of model systems known from literature, i.e., the harmonic oscillator and the Morse oscillator. Finally, the stochastic surrogate Hamiltonian is applied to simulate the dynamical electronic excitation and relaxation of a photodesorption process. This is the first application of the stochastic surrogate Hamiltonian in an ab initio context. A comparison to a surrogate Hamiltonian benchmark allows us to evaluate the results obtained. For this purpose, the well-studied laser-induced desorption of NO from NiO(100) is chosen.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Habecker
- Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Ammerländer Heerstr. 114-118, Oldenburg D-26129, Germany
| | - R Röhse
- Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Ammerländer Heerstr. 114-118, Oldenburg D-26129, Germany
| | - T Klüner
- Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Ammerländer Heerstr. 114-118, Oldenburg D-26129, Germany
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24
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Bouakline F, Fischer EW, Saalfrank P. A quantum-mechanical tier model for phonon-driven vibrational relaxation dynamics of adsorbates at surfaces. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:244105. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5099902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- F. Bouakline
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - E. W. Fischer
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - P. Saalfrank
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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25
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Jiang B, Guo H. Dynamics in reactions on metal surfaces: A theoretical perspective. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:180901. [PMID: 31091904 DOI: 10.1063/1.5096869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in theoretical characterization of reaction dynamics on metal surfaces are reviewed. It is shown that the widely available density functional theory of metals and their interactions with molecules have enabled first principles theoretical models for treating surface reaction dynamics. The new theoretical tools include methods to construct high-dimensional adiabatic potential energy surfaces, to characterize nonadiabatic processes within the electronic friction models, and to describe dynamics both quantum mechanically and classically. Three prototypical surface reactions, namely, dissociative chemisorption, Eley-Rideal reactions, and recombinative desorption, are surveyed with a focus on some representative examples. While principles governing gas phase reaction dynamics may still be applicable, the presence of the surface introduces a higher level of complexity due to strong interaction between the molecular species and metal substrate. Furthermore, most of these reactive processes are impacted by energy exchange with surface phonons and/or electron-hole pair excitations. These theoretical studies help to interpret and rationalize experimental observations and, in some cases, guide experimental explorations. Knowledge acquired in these fundamental studies is expected to impact many practical problems in a wide range of interfacial processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Jiang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, Department of Chemical Physics, Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Chemistry and Energy Catalysis of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Hua Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
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26
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Serwatka T, Tremblay JC. Stochastic wave packet approach to nonadiabatic scattering of diatomic molecules from metals. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:184105. [PMID: 31091890 DOI: 10.1063/1.5092698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this contribution, we present a quantum dynamical approach to study inelastic scattering of diatomic molecules from metal surfaces at normal incidence. The dissipative dynamics obeys a stochastic Schrödinger equation describing the time-evolution of the system as a piecewise deterministic process. Energy exchange between the molecular vibrational degrees of freedom and the metal electrons is represented using operators in tensor product form, which are coupled via anharmonic transition rates calculated from first-order perturbation theory. Full dimensional observables are obtained by averaging over simulations in 4D-including the internal stretch, the distance to the surface, and the orientation angles-at different surface sites. The method is applied to the state-resolved scattering of vibrationally excited NO from Au(111), revealing important channels for quantized energy relaxation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Serwatka
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - J C Tremblay
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
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27
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Bande
- Institute of Methods for Material Development, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH, Berlin, Germany
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28
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Novko D, Tremblay JC, Alducin M, Juaristi JI. Ultrafast Transient Dynamics of Adsorbates on Surfaces Deciphered: The Case of CO on Cu(100). PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 122:016806. [PMID: 31012646 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.016806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Time-resolved vibrational spectroscopy constitutes an invaluable experimental tool for monitoring hot-carrier-induced surface reactions. However, the absence of a full understanding of the precise microscopic mechanisms causing the transient spectral changes has limited its applicability. Here we introduce a robust first-principles theoretical framework that successfully explains both the nonthermal frequency and linewidth changes of the CO internal stretch mode on Cu(100) induced by femtosecond laser pulses. Two distinct processes engender the changes: electron-hole pair excitations underlie the nonthermal frequency shifts, while electron-mediated vibrational mode coupling gives rise to linewidth changes. Furthermore, the origin and precise sequence of coupling events are finally identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Novko
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials and Sensing Devices, Institute of Physics, Bijenička 46, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - J C Tremblay
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - M Alducin
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - J I Juaristi
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Químicas UPV/EHU, Apartado 1072, 20080 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
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29
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Rusimova KR, Purkiss RM, Howes R, Lee F, Crampin S, Sloan PA. Regulating the femtosecond excited-state lifetime of a single molecule. Science 2018; 361:1012-1016. [PMID: 30190402 DOI: 10.1126/science.aat9688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The key to controlling reactions of molecules induced with the current of a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) tip is the ultrashort intermediate excited ionic state. The initial condition of the excited state is set by the energy and position of the injected current; thereafter, its dynamics determines the reaction outcome. We show that a STM can directly and controllably influence the excited-state dynamics. For the STM-induced desorption of toluene molecules from the Si(111)-7x7 surface, as the tip approaches the molecule, the probability of manipulation drops by two orders of magnitude. A two-channel quenching of the excited state is proposed, consisting of an invariant surface channel and a tip height-dependent channel. We conclude that picometer tip proximity regulates the lifetime of the excited state from 10 femtoseconds to less than 0.1 femtoseconds.
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Affiliation(s)
- K R Rusimova
- Department of Physics, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - R M Purkiss
- Department of Physics, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - R Howes
- Department of Physics, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - F Lee
- Department of Physics, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - S Crampin
- Department of Physics, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.,Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - P A Sloan
- Department of Physics, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK. .,Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
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30
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Petersen T, Mitschker J, Klüner T. High-dimensional wave packet dynamics from first principles: Photodissociation of water on TiO2-rutile (110). J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2018.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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31
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Serwatka
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - B. Paulus
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - J. C. Tremblay
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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32
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Novko D, Alducin M, Juaristi JI. Electron-Mediated Phonon-Phonon Coupling Drives the Vibrational Relaxation of CO on Cu(100). PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 120:156804. [PMID: 29756898 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.156804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We bring forth a consistent theory for the electron-mediated vibrational intermode coupling that clarifies the microscopic mechanism behind the vibrational relaxation of adsorbates on metal surfaces. Our analysis points out the inability of state-of-the-art nonadiabatic theories to quantitatively reproduce the experimental linewidth of the CO internal stretch mode on Cu(100) and it emphasizes the crucial role of the electron-mediated phonon-phonon coupling in this regard. The results demonstrate a strong electron-mediated coupling between the internal stretch and low-energy CO modes, but also a significant role of surface motion. Our nonadiabatic theory is also able to explain the temperature dependence of the internal stretch phonon linewidth, thus far considered a sign of the direct anharmonic coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Novko
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - M Alducin
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales CFM/MPC (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - J I Juaristi
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales CFM/MPC (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Químicas UPV/EHU, Apartado 1072, 20080 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
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33
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Unified description of H-atom-induced chemicurrents and inelastic scattering. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:680-684. [PMID: 29311297 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1710587115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Born-Oppenheimer approximation (BOA) provides the foundation for virtually all computational studies of chemical binding and reactivity, and it is the justification for the widely used "balls and springs" picture of molecules. The BOA assumes that nuclei effectively stand still on the timescale of electronic motion, due to their large masses relative to electrons. This implies electrons never change their energy quantum state. When molecules react, atoms must move, meaning that electrons may become excited in violation of the BOA. Such electronic excitation is clearly seen for: (i) Schottky diodes where H adsorption at Ag surfaces produces electrical "chemicurrent;" (ii) Au-based metal-insulator-metal (MIM) devices, where chemicurrents arise from H-H surface recombination; and (iii) Inelastic energy transfer, where H collisions with Au surfaces show H-atom translation excites the metal's electrons. As part of this work, we report isotopically selective hydrogen/deuterium (H/D) translational inelasticity measurements in collisions with Ag and Au. Together, these experiments provide an opportunity to test new theories that simultaneously describe both nuclear and electronic motion, a standing challenge to the field. Here, we show results of a recently developed first-principles theory that quantitatively explains both inelastic scattering experiments that probe nuclear motion and chemicurrent experiments that probe electronic excitation. The theory explains the magnitude of chemicurrents on Ag Schottky diodes and resolves an apparent paradox--chemicurrents exhibit a much larger isotope effect than does H/D inelastic scattering. It also explains why, unlike Ag-based Schottky diodes, Au-based MIM devices are insensitive to H adsorption.
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34
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Kumar PV, Norris DJ. Tailoring Energy Transfer from Hot Electrons to Adsorbate Vibrations for Plasmon-Enhanced Catalysis. ACS Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b03174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Priyank V. Kumar
- Optical Materials Engineering
Laboratory, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - David J. Norris
- Optical Materials Engineering
Laboratory, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
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35
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Rittmeyer SP, Meyer J, Reuter K. Nonadiabatic Vibrational Damping of Molecular Adsorbates: Insights into Electronic Friction and the Role of Electronic Coherence. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 119:176808. [PMID: 29219436 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.176808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We present a perturbation approach rooted in time-dependent density-functional theory to calculate electron-hole (e-h) pair excitation spectra during the nonadiabatic vibrational damping of adsorbates on metal surfaces. Our analysis for the benchmark systems CO on Cu(100) and Pt(111) elucidates the surprisingly strong influence of rather short electronic coherence times. We demonstrate how in the limit of short electronic coherence times, as implicitly assumed in prevalent quantum nuclear theories for the vibrational lifetimes as well as electronic friction, band structure effects are washed out. Our results suggest that more accurate lifetime or chemicurrentlike experimental measurements could characterize the electronic coherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon P Rittmeyer
- Chair for Theoretical Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Jörg Meyer
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Karsten Reuter
- Chair for Theoretical Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
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36
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Bouakline F, Lorenz U, Melani G, Paramonov GK, Saalfrank P. Isotopic effects in vibrational relaxation dynamics of H on a Si(100) surface. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:144703. [PMID: 29031276 DOI: 10.1063/1.4994635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In a recent paper [U. Lorenz and P. Saalfrank, Chem. Phys. 482, 69 (2017)], we proposed a robust scheme to set up a system-bath model Hamiltonian, describing the coupling of adsorbate vibrations (system) to surface phonons (bath), from first principles. The method is based on an embedded cluster approach, using orthogonal coordinates for system and bath modes, and an anharmonic phononic expansion of the system-bath interaction up to second order. In this contribution, we use this model Hamiltonian to calculate vibrational relaxation rates of H-Si and D-Si bending modes, coupled to a fully H(D)-covered Si(100)-(2×1) surface, at zero temperature. The D-Si bending mode has an anharmonic frequency lying inside the bath frequency spectrum, whereas the H-Si bending mode frequency is outside the bath Debye band. Therefore, in the present calculations, we only take into account one-phonon system-bath couplings for the D-Si system and both one- and two-phonon interaction terms in the case of H-Si. The computation of vibrational lifetimes is performed with two different approaches, namely, Fermi's golden rule, and a generalized Bixon-Jortner model built in a restricted vibrational space of the adsorbate-surface zeroth-order Hamiltonian. For D-Si, the Bixon-Jortner Hamiltonian can be solved by exact diagonalization, serving as a benchmark, whereas for H-Si, an iterative scheme based on the recursive residue generation method is applied, with excellent convergence properties. We found that the lifetimes obtained with perturbation theory, albeit having almost the same order of magnitude-a few hundred fs for D-Si and a couple of ps for H-Si-, are strongly dependent on the discretized numerical representation of the bath spectral density. On the other hand, the Bixon-Jortner model is free of such numerical deficiencies, therefore providing better estimates of vibrational relaxation rates, at a very low computational cost. The results obtained with this model clearly show a net exponential decay of the time-dependent survival probability for the H-Si initial vibrational state, allowing an easy extraction of the bending mode "lifetime." This is in contrast with the D-Si system, whose survival probability exhibits a non-monotonic decay, making it difficult to define such a lifetime. This different behavior of the vibrational decay is rationalized in terms of the power spectrum of the adsorbate-surface system. In the case of D-Si, it consists of several, non-uniformly distributed peaks around the bending mode frequency, whereas the H-Si spectrum exhibits a single Lorentzian lineshape, whose width corresponds to the calculated lifetime. The present work gives some insight into mechanisms of vibration-phonon coupling at surfaces. It also serves as a benchmark for multidimensional system-bath quantum dynamics, for comparison with approximate schemes such as reduced, open-system density matrix theory (where the bath is traced out and a Liouville-von Neumann equation is solved) or approximate wavefunction methods to solve the combined system-bath Schrödinger equation.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Bouakline
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - U Lorenz
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - G Melani
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - G K Paramonov
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - P Saalfrank
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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37
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Kroes GJ, Juaristi JI, Alducin M. Vibrational Excitation of H 2 Scattering from Cu(111): Effects of Surface Temperature and of Allowing Energy Exchange with the Surface. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2017; 121:13617-13633. [PMID: 28729891 PMCID: PMC5510092 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.7b01096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
In scattering of H2 from Cu(111), vibrational excitation has so far defied an accurate theoretical description. To expose the causes of the large discrepancies with experiment, we investigate how the feature due to vibrational excitation (the "gain peak") in the simulated time-of-flight spectrum of (v = 1, j = 3) H2 scattering from Cu(111) depends on the surface temperature (Ts) and the possibility of energy exchange with surface phonons and electron-hole pairs (ehp's). Quasi-classical dynamics calculations are performed on the basis of accurate semiempirical density functionals for the interaction with H2 + Cu(111). The methods used include the quasi-classical trajectory method within the Born-Oppenheimer static surface model, the generalized Langevin oscillator (GLO) method incorporating energy transfer to surface phonons, the GLO + friction (GLO+F) method also incorporating energy exchange with ehp's, and ab initio molecular dynamics with electronic friction (AIMDEF). Of the quasi-classical methods tested, comparison with AIMDEF suggests that the GLO+F method is accurate enough to describe vibrational excitation as measured in the experiments. The GLO+F calculations also suggest that the promoting effect of raising Ts on the measured vibrational excitation is due to an electronically nonadiabatic mechanism. However, by itself, enabling energy exchange with the surface by modeling surface phonons and ehp's leads to reduced vibrational excitation, further decreasing the agreement with experiment. The simulated gain peak is quite sensitive to energy shifts in calculated vibrational excitation probabilities and to shifts in a specific experimental parameter (the chopper opening time). While the GLO+F calculations allow important qualitative conclusions, comparison to quantum dynamics results suggests that, with the quasi-classical way of describing nuclear motion and the present box quantization method for assigning the final vibrational state, the gain peak is not yet described with quantitative accuracy. Ways in which this problem might be resolved in the future are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geert-Jan Kroes
- Leiden
Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
- E-mail:
| | - J. I. Juaristi
- Departamento
de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Químicas, Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea
(UPV/EHU), Apartado 1072, 20080 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro
de Física de Materiales (CFM/MPC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Donostia
International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - M. Alducin
- Centro
de Física de Materiales (CFM/MPC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Donostia
International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
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38
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Hong SY, Xu P, Camillone NR, White MG, Camillone N. Adlayer structure dependent ultrafast desorption dynamics in carbon monoxide adsorbed on Pd (111). J Chem Phys 2017; 145:014704. [PMID: 27394118 DOI: 10.1063/1.4954408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We report our ultrafast photoinduced desorption investigation of the coverage dependence of substrate-adsorbate energy transfer in carbon monoxide adlayers on the (111) surface of palladium. As the CO coverage is increased, the adsorption site population shifts from all threefold hollows (up to 0.33 ML), to bridge and near bridge (>0.5 to 0.6 ML) and finally to mixed threefold hollow plus top site (at saturation at 0.75 ML). We show that between 0.24 and 0.75 ML this progression of binding site motifs is accompanied by two remarkable features in the ultrafast photoinduced desorption of the adsorbates: (i) the desorption probability increases roughly two orders magnitude, and (ii) the adsorbate-substrate energy transfer rate observed in two-pulse correlation experiments varies nonmonotonically, having a minimum at intermediate coverages. Simulations using a phenomenological model to describe the adsorbate-substrate energy transfer in terms of frictional coupling indicate that these features are consistent with an adsorption-site dependent electron-mediated energy coupling strength, ηel, that decreases with binding site in the order: three-fold hollow > bridge and near bridge > top site. This weakening of ηel largely counterbalances the decrease in the desorption activation energy that accompanies this progression of adsorption site motifs, moderating what would otherwise be a rise of several orders of magnitude in the desorption probability. Within this framework, the observed energy transfer rate enhancement at saturation coverage is due to interadsorbate energy transfer from the copopulation of molecules bound in three-fold hollows to their top-site neighbors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Young Hong
- Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Pan Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - Nina R Camillone
- Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Michael G White
- Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Nicholas Camillone
- Chemistry Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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39
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Lorenz U, Saalfrank P. A novel system-bath Hamiltonian for vibration-phonon coupling: Formulation, and application to the relaxation of Si–H and Si–D bending modes of H/D:Si(100)-(2 × 1). Chem Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2016.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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40
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Kraack JP, Hamm P. Surface-Sensitive and Surface-Specific Ultrafast Two-Dimensional Vibrational Spectroscopy. Chem Rev 2016; 117:10623-10664. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Philip Kraack
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Peter Hamm
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
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41
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Inoue KI, Watanabe K, Sugimoto T, Matsumoto Y, Yasuike T. Disentangling Multidimensional Nonequilibrium Dynamics of Adsorbates: CO Desorption from Cu(100). PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:186101. [PMID: 27834990 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.186101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Hot carriers at metal surfaces can drive nonthermal reactions of adsorbates. Characterizing nonequilibrium statistics among various degrees of freedom in an ultrafast time scale is crucial to understand and develop hot carrier-driven chemistry. Here we demonstrate multidimensional vibrational dynamics of carbon monoxide (CO) on Cu(100) along hot-carrier induced desorption studied by using time-resolved vibrational sum-frequency generation with phase-sensitive detection. Instantaneous frequency and amplitude of the CO internal stretching mode are tracked with a subpicosecond time resolution that is shorter than the vibrational dephasing time. These experimental results in combination with numerical analysis based on Langevin simulations enable us to extract nonequilibrium distributions of external vibrational modes of desorbing molecules. Superstatistical distributions are generated with mode-dependent frictional couplings in a few hundred femtoseconds after hot-electron excitation, and energy flow from hot electrons and intermode anharmonic coupling play crucial roles in the subsequent evolution of the non-Boltzman distributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken-Ichi Inoue
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Kazuya Watanabe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Toshiki Sugimoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yoshiyasu Matsumoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Yasuike
- Department of Liberal Arts, The Open University of Japan, Chiba 261-8586, Japan
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42
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Bukas VJ, Reuter K. Hot Adatom Diffusion Following Oxygen Dissociation on Pd(100) and Pd(111): A First-Principles Study of the Equilibration Dynamics of Exothermic Surface Reactions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:146101. [PMID: 27740834 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.146101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We augment ab initio molecular dynamics simulations with a quantitative account of phononic dissipation to study the hyperthermal adsorbate dynamics resulting from a noninstantaneous energy dissipation during exothermic surface chemical reactions. Comparing the hot adatom diffusion ensuing O_{2} dissociation over Pd(100) and Pd(111) we find experimentally accessible product end distances to form a rather misleading measure for the lifetime of this hyperthermal state. The lifetime is particularly long at Pd(111) where a random-walk-type diffusion leads only to small net displacements. A detailed phonon analysis rationalizes the slow equilibration through long-lived Rayleigh mode excitations that spatially confine the released energy within a nanoscopic "hot spot" around the impingement region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa J Bukas
- Chair for Theoretical Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, D-85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Karsten Reuter
- Chair for Theoretical Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, D-85747 Garching, Germany
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43
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Yonehara T, Takatsuka K. Nonadiabtic electron dynamics in densely quasidegenerate states in highly excited boron cluster. J Chem Phys 2016; 144:164304. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4947302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Takehiro Yonehara
- Department of Basic Science, The University of Tokyo, Komaba, 153-8902 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuo Takatsuka
- Department of Basic Science, The University of Tokyo, Komaba, 153-8902 Tokyo, Japan
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44
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Mitschker J, Klüner T. Photodissociation of water on rutile (110): A wave packet approach based on first principles. JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL & COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219633616500139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The photodissociation of water on rutile (110) is studied from first principles. Using an embedded cluster approach, the motion of one hydrogen atom with a fixed OH group served as a model system. The ground and an electronically excited state are calculated on a CASSCF level of theory, explicitly accounting for the multi-reference character of the wave function during bond breaking. The dynamics is simulated by solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation for a wave packet moving on the electronic potential energy surface. Photodissociation probabilities of water are calculated for hydrogen, deuterium and tritium, thereby revealing significant isotope effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Mitschker
- Institute of Chemistry, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Klüner
- Institute of Chemistry, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany
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45
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Öberg H, Gladh J, Marks K, Ogasawara H, Nilsson A, Pettersson LGM, Öström H. Indication of non-thermal contribution to visible femtosecond laser-induced CO oxidation on Ru(0001). J Chem Phys 2015; 143:074701. [PMID: 26298142 DOI: 10.1063/1.4928646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We studied CO oxidation on Ru(0001) induced by 400 nm and 800 nm femtosecond laser pulses where we find a branching ratio between CO oxidation and desorption of 1:9 and 1:31, respectively, showing higher selectivity towards CO oxidation for the shorter wavelength excitation. Activation energies computed with density functional theory show discrepancies with values extracted from the experiments, indicating both a mixture between different adsorbed phases and importance of non-adiabatic effects on the effective barrier for oxidation. We simulated the reactions using kinetic modeling based on the two-temperature model of laser-induced energy transfer in the substrate combined with a friction model for the coupling to adsorbate vibrations. This model gives an overall good agreement with experiment except for the substantial difference in yield ratio between CO oxidation and desorption at 400 nm and 800 nm. However, including also the initial, non-thermal effect of electrons transiently excited into antibonding states of the O-Ru bond yielded good agreement with all experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Öberg
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J Gladh
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - K Marks
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - H Ogasawara
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - A Nilsson
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L G M Pettersson
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - H Öström
- Department of Physics, AlbaNova University Center, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
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46
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Rittmeyer SP, Meyer J, Juaristi JI, Reuter K. Electronic Friction-Based Vibrational Lifetimes of Molecular Adsorbates: Beyond the Independent-Atom Approximation. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2015; 115:046102. [PMID: 26252696 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.046102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
We assess the accuracy of vibrational damping rates of diatomic adsorbates on metal surfaces as calculated within the local-density friction approximation (LDFA). An atoms-in-molecules (AIM) type charge partitioning scheme accounts for intramolecular contributions and overcomes the systematic underestimation of the nonadiabatic losses obtained within the prevalent independent-atom approximation. The quantitative agreement obtained with theoretical and experimental benchmark data suggests the LDFA-AIM scheme as an efficient and reliable approach to account for electronic dissipation in ab initio molecular dynamics simulations of surface chemical reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon P Rittmeyer
- Chair for Theoretical Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Jörg Meyer
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands
| | - J Iñaki Juaristi
- Departamento de Física de Materiales, Facultad de Químicas, UPV/EHU, Apartado 1072, 20080 San Sebastián, Spain
- Centro de Física de Materiales CFM/MPC (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Karsten Reuter
- Chair for Theoretical Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
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47
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Mitschker J, Klüner T. Photodesorption of water from rutile(110): ab initio calculation of five-dimensional potential energy surfaces of ground and excited electronic states and wave packet studies. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:268-75. [PMID: 25411923 DOI: 10.1039/c4cp04593a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we report on our results concerning the interaction of water with titanium dioxide in its rutile modification. The (110) surface is modelled by an embedded Ti9O18Mg7(14+) cluster. We present up to five-dimensional potential energy surfaces for the water molecule on this surface and include the dissociation of one hydrogen atom. The electronic ground state as well as one electronically excited state is included. To deal with the multi-configurational character of the wave function, we use the complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) approach. The resulting potential energy surfaces are fitted by means of an artificial neural network. As a first example of quantum dynamical studies based on our potential surfaces, we present results on the photodesorption of water from rutile(110).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Mitschker
- Institute of Chemistry, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Germany.
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48
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Saalfrank P, Juaristi JI, Alducin M, Blanco-Rey M, Muiño RD. Vibrational lifetimes of hydrogen on lead films: An ab initio molecular dynamics with electronic friction (AIMDEF) study. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:234702. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4903309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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49
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Asplund E, Klüner T. Quantum dynamical study of femtosecond photodesorption of CO from TiO2(110). J Chem Phys 2014; 141:084715. [PMID: 25173038 DOI: 10.1063/1.4893528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The photodesorption of CO from TiO2(110) by femtosecond pulses is investigated with the Surrogate Hamiltonian approach. The aim of the study is to resolve the relaxation mechanism and forecast the lifetime of the exited state based on a microscopic description of the excitation and relaxation processes. The parameters characterizing the system are obtained from ab initio and Density Functional Theory-calculations with one parameter estimated from physical considerations and convergence studies. Two electronic states are considered and the relaxation is assumed to be due to the interaction of the excited adsorbate with electron hole pairs in the surface. Desorption probabilities and velocity distributions of the desorbing molecules are calculated and an exited state lifetime is predicted. Throughout this paper atomic units, i.e., ℏ = me = e = a0 = 1, have been used unless otherwise stated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Asplund
- Theoretische Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Ammerländer Heerstr. 114-118, D-26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Klüner
- Theoretische Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Ammerländer Heerstr. 114-118, D-26129 Oldenburg, Germany
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Uranga-Piña L, Tremblay JC. Relaxation dynamics in quantum dissipative systems: the microscopic effect of intramolecular vibrational energy redistribution. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:074703. [PMID: 25149802 DOI: 10.1063/1.4892376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigate the effect of inter-mode coupling on the vibrational relaxation dynamics of molecules in weak dissipative environments. The simulations are performed within the reduced density matrix formalism in the Markovian regime, assuming a Lindblad form for the system-bath interaction. The prototypical two-dimensional model system representing two CO molecules approaching a Cu(100) surface is adapted from an ab initio potential, while the diatom-diatom vibrational coupling strength is systematically varied. In the weak system-bath coupling limit and at low temperatures, only first order non-adiabatic uni-modal coupling terms contribute to surface-mediated vibrational relaxation. Since dissipative dynamics is non-unitary, the choice of representation will affect the evolution of the reduced density matrix. Two alternative representations for computing the relaxation rates and the associated operators are thus compared: the fully coupled spectral basis, and a factorizable ansatz. The former is well-established and serves as a benchmark for the solution of Liouville-von Neumann equation. In the latter, a contracted grid basis of potential-optimized discrete variable representation is tailored to incorporate most of the inter-mode coupling, while the Lindblad operators are represented as tensor products of one-dimensional operators, for consistency. This procedure results in a marked reduction of the grid size and in a much more advantageous scaling of the computational cost with respect to the increase of the dimensionality of the system. The factorizable method is found to provide an accurate description of the dissipative quantum dynamics of the model system, specifically of the time evolution of the state populations and of the probability density distribution of the molecular wave packet. The influence of intra-molecular vibrational energy redistribution appears to be properly taken into account by the new model on the whole range of coupling strengths. It demontrates that most of the mode mixing during relaxation is due to the potential part of the Hamiltonian and not to the coupling among relaxation operators.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Uranga-Piña
- Facultad de Física, Universidad de la Habana, San Lázaro y L, Vedado, 10400 Havana, Cuba
| | - J C Tremblay
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
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