1
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Howe J, Abou-Hatab S, Matsika S. Modeling the effect of substituents on the electronically excited states of indole derivatives. J Comput Chem 2024. [PMID: 39302059 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.27502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
A proper understanding of excited state properties of indole derivatives can lead to rational design of efficient fluorescent probes. The optically activeL a $$ {L}_a $$ andL b $$ {L}_b $$ excited states of a series of substituted indoles, where a substituent was placed on position four, were calculated using equation of motion coupled cluster and time dependent density functional theory. The results indicate that most substituted indoles have a brighter second excited state corresponding to experimental absorption maxima, but a few with electron withdrawing substituents absorb more on the first excited state. Absorption on the first excited state may increase their fluorescence quantum yield, making them better probes. Electronic structure methods were found to predict the energies of the systems with electron withdrawing substituents more accurately than those with electron donating substituents. The excited states of both states correlated well with electrophilicity, similar to the experimental trends for the absorption maxima. Overall, these computational studies indicate that theory can be used to predict excited state properties of substituted indoles, when the substituent is an electron withdrawing group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Howe
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Spiridoula Matsika
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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2
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Knysh I, Lipparini F, Blondel A, Duchemin I, Blase X, Loos PF, Jacquemin D. Reference CC3 Excitation Energies for Organic Chromophores: Benchmarking TD-DFT, BSE/ GW, and Wave Function Methods. J Chem Theory Comput 2024. [PMID: 39237472 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.4c00906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
To expand the QUEST database of highly accurate vertical transition energies, we consider a series of large organic chromogens ubiquitous in dye chemistry, such as anthraquinone, azobenzene, BODIPY, and naphthalimide. We compute, at the CC3 level of theory, the singlet and triplet vertical transition energies associated with the low-lying excited states. This leads to a collection of more than 120 new highly accurate excitation energies. For several singlet transitions, we have been able to determine CCSDT transition energies with a compact basis set, finding minimal deviations from the CC3 values for most states. Subsequently, we employ these reference values to benchmark a series of lower-order wave function approaches, including the popular ADC(2) and CC2 schemes, as well as time-dependent density-functional theory (TD-DFT), both with and without applying the Tamm-Dancoff approximation (TDA). At the TD-DFT level, we evaluate a large panel of global, range-separated, local, and double hybrid functionals. Additionally, we assess the performance of the Bethe-Salpeter equation (BSE) formalism relying on both G0W0 and evGW quasiparticle energies evaluated from various starting points. It turns out that CC2 and ADC(2.5) are the most accurate models among those with respective O ( N 5 ) and O ( N 6 ) scalings with system size. In contrast, CCSD does not outperform CC2. The best performing exchange-correlation functionals include BMK, M06-2X, M06-SX, CAM-B3LYP, ωB97X-D, and LH20t, with average deviations of approximately 0.20 eV or slightly below. Errors on vertical excitation energies can be further reduced by considering double hybrids. Both SOS-ωB88PP86 and SOS-ωPBEPP86 exhibit particularly attractive performances with overall quality on par with CC2, whereas PBE0-DH and PBE-QIDH are only slightly less efficient. BSE/evGW calculations based on Kohn-Sham starting points have been found to be particularly effective for singlet transitions, but much less for their triplet counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iryna Knysh
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Filippo Lipparini
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via Moruzzi 3, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Aymeric Blondel
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Ivan Duchemin
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, IRIG-MEM-L Sim, 38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Xavier Blase
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institut NEEL, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Pierre-François Loos
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, F-44000 Nantes, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), F-75005 Paris, France
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3
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Loos PF, Jacquemin D. A mountaineering strategy to excited states: Accurate vertical transition energies and benchmarks for substituted benzenes. J Comput Chem 2024; 45:1791-1805. [PMID: 38661240 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.27358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
In an effort to expand the existing QUEST database of accurate vertical transition energies [Véril et al. WIREs Comput. Mol. Sci. 2021, 11, e1517], we have modeled more than 100 electronic excited states of different natures (local, charge-transfer, Rydberg, singlet, and triplet) in a dozen of mono- and di-substituted benzenes, including aniline, benzonitrile, chlorobenzene, fluorobenzene, nitrobenzene, among others. To establish theoretical best estimates for these vertical excitation energies, we have employed advanced coupled-cluster methods including iterative triples (CC3 and CCSDT) and, when technically possible, iterative quadruples (CC4). These high-level computational approaches provide a robust foundation for benchmarking a series of popular wave function methods. The evaluated methods all include contributions from double excitations (ADC(2), CC2, CCSD, CIS(D), EOM-MP2, STEOM-CCSD), along with schemes that also incorporate perturbative or iterative triples (ADC(3), CCSDR(3), CCSD(T)(a) ⋆ , and CCSDT-3). This systematic exploration not only broadens the scope of the QUEST database but also facilitates a rigorous assessment of different theoretical approaches in the framework of a homologous chemical series, offering valuable insights into the accuracy and reliability of these methods in such cases. We found that both ADC(2.5) and CCSDT-3 can provide very consistent estimates, whereas among less expensive methods SCS-CC2 is likely the most effective approach. Importantly, we show that some lower order methods may offer reasonable trends in the homologous series while providing quite large average errors, and vice versa. Consequently, benchmarking the accuracy of a model based solely on absolute transition energies may not be meaningful for applications involving a series of similar compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-François Loos
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques (UMR 5626), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, France
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, Nantes, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
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4
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Drwal D, Pernal K, Pastorczak E. Multireference Correlated Oscillator Strengths from Adiabatic Connection Approaches Based on Extended Random Phase Approximation. J Chem Theory Comput 2024; 20:3659-3668. [PMID: 38669448 PMCID: PMC11099974 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.4c00103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
We show that accurate oscillator strengths can be obtained from adiabatic connection (AC) approaches based on the extended random phase approximation (ERPA) combined with multireference (complete active space, CAS) wave functions. The oscillator strengths calculated using the perturbation-corrected ERPA transition density matrices, proposed in this work, and the excitation energies calculated with recently introduced AC correlation energy methods, AC0 and AC0D, compete with accuracy in the perturbational CASPT2 approach and require less computational effort. AC0 and AC0D methods scale more favorably with the number of active orbitals than multiconfigurational perturbation approaches like CASPT2 and NEVPT2 thanks to their dependence on reduced density matrices up to the order of 2. Importantly, the newly developed approach for computing correlated transition dipole moments does not entail any additional costs, as all intermediate quantities become available when AC0 energies are being computed. We also test the performance of the recently proposed AC method corrected for the negative-transition contributions to the correlation energy, AC0D, for triplet excitation energies. Similarly, as for the singlet excitations, the correction improves the performance of the AC0 method, particularly for the low-lying excited states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Drwal
- Institute of Physics, Lodz
University of Technology, ul. Wolczanska 217/221, 93-005 Lodz, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Pernal
- Institute of Physics, Lodz
University of Technology, ul. Wolczanska 217/221, 93-005 Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewa Pastorczak
- Institute of Physics, Lodz
University of Technology, ul. Wolczanska 217/221, 93-005 Lodz, Poland
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5
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Andersen JH, Hättig C, Coriani S, Štěpánek P. Insights into localization, energy ordering, and substituent effect in excited states of azobenzenes from coupled cluster calculations of nuclear spin-induced circular dichroism. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:9179-9196. [PMID: 37921593 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02547k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear spin-induced circular dichroism (NSCD) is a molecular effect of differential absorption of left- and right-circularly polarized light due to nuclear spins in the molecule. In this work, new tools for its calculation are presented. Specifically, analytic expressions for the computation of the K term of NSCD have been derived and implemented for the second-order coupled cluster singles and doubles (CC2) model. NSCD results obtained thereby for three derivatives of azobenzenes have been compared with results from time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT). The complementary information that could be obtained from NSCD measurements compared to NMR for these three species is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefine H Andersen
- DTU Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet Building 207, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Christof Hättig
- Arbeitsgruppe Quantenchemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Sonia Coriani
- DTU Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet Building 207, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Petr Štěpánek
- NMR Research Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Oulu, PO Box 3000, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland.
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6
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Soltani Nejad M, Alipour M. How does theory compare to experiment for oscillator strengths in electronic spectra? Proposing range-separated hybrids with reliable accountability. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:879-894. [PMID: 38087910 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04793h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
As an important quantity in atomic and molecular spectroscopy, oscillator strength should be mentioned. Oscillator strength is linked to the transition dipole moment and consequently to the transition probability between two states, where its magnitude is directly connected to the intensity of the peaks in ultraviolet-visible spectra. However, accurately accounting for oscillator strengths still remains one of the greatest challenges in theory and experiment. Given previous efforts in the context of investigations into oscillator strengths, the related theoretical treatments are relatively limited and have proven to be challenging. In this work, the oscillator strengths in the electronic spectra of organic compounds have thoroughly been investigated with the help of optimally tuned range-separated hybrids (OT-RSHs). In particular, variants of the OT-RSHs combined with the polarizable continuum model (PCM), OT-RSHs-PCM, as well as their screened versions accounting for the screening effects by the electron correlation through the dielectric constant, OT-SRSHs-PCM, are proposed for reliable prediction of the oscillator strengths. The role of the involved ingredients in the proposed methods, namely the underlying density functional approximations, short-range and long-range Hartree-Fock (HF) exchange, as well as the range-separation parameter, has been examined in detail. It is shown that any combination of the parameters in the proposed approximations does not render the reliable oscillator strengths, but a particular compromise among them is needed to describe the experimental data well. Perusing all the results of our developed methods, the best ones are found to be the generalized gradient approximation-based OT-RSHs-PCM, coupled with the linear response theory in the non-equilibrium solvation regime, with the correct asymptotic behavior and incorporating no (low) HF exchange contributions in the short-range part. The best proposed approximations also reveal superior performances not only with respect to their standard counterparts with the default parameters but also as compared to earlier range-separated functionals. Finally, the applicability of the best approximation is also put into broader perspective, where it is used for predicting the oscillator strengths in other sets of compounds not included in the process of developing the approximations. Hopefully, our proposed method can function as an affordable alternative to the expensive wave function-based methods for both theoretical modeling and confirming the experimental observations in the field of electronic spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Soltani Nejad
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71946-84795, Iran.
| | - Mojtaba Alipour
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71946-84795, Iran.
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7
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Barcza B, Szirmai Á, Tajti A, Stanton JF, Szalay PG. Benchmarking Aspects of Ab Initio Fragment Models for Accurate Excimer Potential Energy Surfaces. J Chem Theory Comput 2023; 19:3580-3600. [PMID: 37236166 PMCID: PMC10694823 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.3c00104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
While Coupled-Cluster methods have been proven to provide an accurate description of excited electronic states, the scaling of the computational costs with the system size limits the degree for which these methods can be applied. In this work different aspects of fragment-based approaches are studied on noncovalently bound molecular complexes with interacting chromophores of the fragments, such as π-stacked nucleobases. The interaction of the fragments is considered at two distinct steps. First, the states localized on the fragments are described in the presence of the other fragment(s); for this we test two approaches. One method is founded on QM/MM principles, only including the electrostatic interaction between the fragments in the electronic structure calculation with Pauli repulsion and dispersion effects added separately. The other model, a Projection-based Embedding (PbE) using the Huzinaga equation, includes both electrostatic and Pauli repulsion and only needs to be augmented by dispersion interactions. In both schemes the extended Effective Fragment Potential (EFP2) method of Gordon et al. was found to provide an adequate correction for the missing terms. In the second step, the interaction of the localized chromophores is modeled for a proper description of the excitonic coupling. Here the inclusion of purely electrostatic contributions appears to be sufficient: it is found that the Coulomb part of the coupling provides accurate splitting of the energies of interacting chromophores that are separated by more than 4 Å.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bónis Barcza
- Laboratory
of Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, P.O. Box 32, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
- György
Hevesy Doctoral School, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ádám
B. Szirmai
- Laboratory
of Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, P.O. Box 32, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
- György
Hevesy Doctoral School, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Tajti
- Laboratory
of Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, P.O. Box 32, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - John F. Stanton
- Quantum
Theory Project, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Péter G. Szalay
- Laboratory
of Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, P.O. Box 32, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
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8
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Knysh I, Letellier K, Duchemin I, Blase X, Jacquemin D. Excited state potential energy surfaces of N-phenylpyrrole upon twisting: reference values and comparison between BSE/ GW and TD-DFT. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:8376-8385. [PMID: 36883347 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp00474k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
The puzzling case of the mixing between the charge transfer (CT) and local excited (LE) characters upon twisting of the geometry of N-phenylpyrrole (N-PP) is investigated considering the six low-lying singlet excited states (ES). The theoretical calculations of the potential energy surfaces (PES) have been performed for these states using a Coupled Cluster method accounting for the impact of the contributions from the triples, many-body Green's function GW and Bethe-Salpeter equation (BSE) formalisms, as well as Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory (TD-DFT) using various exchange-correlation functionals. Our findings confirm that the BSE formalism is more reliable than TD-DFT for close-lying ES with mixed CT/LE nature. More specifically, BSE/GW yields a more accurate evolution of the excited state PES than TD-DFT when compared to the reference coupled cluster values. BSE/GW PES curves also show negligible exchange-correlation functional starting point dependency in sharp contrast with their TD-DFT counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iryna Knysh
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, F-44000, Nantes, France.
| | | | - Ivan Duchemin
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, IRIG-MEM-L_Sim, 38054, Grenoble, France
| | - Xavier Blase
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Institut Néel, F-38042, Grenoble, France.
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, F-44000, Nantes, France.
- Institut Universitaire de France, 75005, Paris, France
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Otis L, Neuscamman E. A promising intersection of excited‐state‐specific methods from quantum chemistry and quantum Monte Carlo. WIRES COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Leon Otis
- Department of Physics University of California Berkeley Berkeley California USA
| | - Eric Neuscamman
- Department of Chemistry University of California Berkeley Berkeley California USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California USA
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10
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Mester D, Kállay M. Double-Hybrid Density Functional Theory for Core Excitations: Theory and Benchmark Calculations. J Chem Theory Comput 2023; 19:1310-1321. [PMID: 36721871 PMCID: PMC9979613 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c01222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The double-hybrid (DH) time-dependent density functional theory is extended to core excitations. Two different DH formalisms are presented utilizing the core-valence separation (CVS) approximation. First, a CVS-DH variant is introduced relying on the genuine perturbative second-order correction, while an iterative analogue is also presented using our second-order algebraic-diagrammatic construction [ADC(2)]-based DH ansatz. The performance of the new approaches is tested for the most popular DH functionals using the recently proposed XABOOM [J. Chem. Theory Comput.2021, 17, 1618] benchmark set. In order to make a careful comparison, the accuracy and precision of the methods are also inspected. Our results show that the genuine approaches are highly competitive with the more advanced CVS-ADC(2)-based methods if only excitation energies are required. In contrast, as expected, significant differences are observed in oscillator strengths; however, the precision is acceptable for the genuine functionals as well. Concerning the performance of the CVS-DH approaches, the PBE0-2/CVS-ADC(2) functional is superior, while its spin-opposite-scaled variant is also recommended as a cost-effective alternative. For these approaches, significant improvements are realized in the error measures compared with the popular CVS-ADC(2) method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dávid Mester
- Department
of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Faculty of Chemical Technology
and Biotechnology, Budapest University of
Technology and Economics, Müegyetem rkp. 3, H-1111Budapest, Hungary,ELKH-BME
Quantum Chemistry Research Group, Müegyetem rkp. 3, H-1111Budapest, Hungary,MTA-BME
Lendület Quantum Chemistry Research Group, Müegyetem rkp. 3, H-1111Budapest, Hungary,
| | - Mihály Kállay
- Department
of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Faculty of Chemical Technology
and Biotechnology, Budapest University of
Technology and Economics, Müegyetem rkp. 3, H-1111Budapest, Hungary,ELKH-BME
Quantum Chemistry Research Group, Müegyetem rkp. 3, H-1111Budapest, Hungary,MTA-BME
Lendület Quantum Chemistry Research Group, Müegyetem rkp. 3, H-1111Budapest, Hungary,
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11
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Bertoni AI, Sánchez CG. Data-driven approach for benchmarking DFTB-approximate excited state methods. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:3789-3798. [PMID: 36645084 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04979a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In this work we propose a chemically-informed data-driven approach to benchmark the approximate density-functional tight-binding (DFTB) excited state (ES) methods that are currently available within the DFTB+ suite. By taking advantage of the large volume of low-detail ES-data in the machine learning (ML) dataset, QM8, we were able to extract valuable insights regarding the limitations of the benchmarked methods in terms of the approximations made to the parent formalism, density-functional theory (DFT), while providing recommendations on how to overcome them. For this benchmark, we compared the first singlet-singlet vertical excitation energies (E1) predicted by the DFTB-approximate methods with predictions of less approximate methods from the reference ML-dataset. For the nearly 21800 organic molecules in the GDB-8 chemical space, we were able to identify clear trends in the E1 prediction error distributions, with respect to second-order approximate coupled cluster (CC2), showing a strong dependence on chemical identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés I Bertoni
- Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas (ICB-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Padre Jorge Contreras 1300, Mendoza 5502, Argentina.
| | - Cristián G Sánchez
- Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas (ICB-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Padre Jorge Contreras 1300, Mendoza 5502, Argentina.
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12
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Wang M, Fang WH, Li C. Assessment of State-Averaged Driven Similarity Renormalization Group on Vertical Excitation Energies: Optimal Flow Parameters and Applications to Nucleobases. J Chem Theory Comput 2023; 19:122-136. [PMID: 36534617 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We present a comprehensive excited-state benchmark for the state-averaged (SA) driven similarity renormalization group (DSRG) [Li, C.; Evangelista, F. A. J. Chem. Phys. 2018, 148, 124106]. Following the QUEST database [Véril, M.; Scemama, A.; Caffarel, M.; Lipparini, F.; Boggio-Pasqua, M.; Jacquemin, D.; Loos, P.-F. Wiley Interdiscip. Rev. Comput. Mol. Sci. 2021, 11, e1517], 280 vertical transition energies of 35 medium-sized molecules are computed using the SA-DSRG derived second- and third-order perturbation theories (PT2/PT3) along with a nonperturbative approach [sq-LDSRG(2)]. Comparing to the theoretical best estimates, the optimal flow parameter is found to be 0.35 and 2.0 Eh-2 for SA-DSRG-PT2 and SA-DSRG-PT3, respectively. For SA-sq-LDSRG(2), a flow parameter of 1.5 Eh-2 provides converged equations without compromising the accuracy. We then assess the accuracy of the SA-DSRG hierarchy using these parameters. The SA-DSRG-PT2 scheme outperforms the level-shifted CASPT2 by 0.10 eV in mean absolute error (MAE), yet this accuracy is slightly inferior than that of CASPT2 with the ionization-potential-electron-affinity shift. Both SA-DSRG-PT3 and SA-sq-LDSRG(2) yield a MAE of 0.10 eV, which is comparable to that of CASPT3 (0.09 eV). Finally, we compute vertical excitation energies of several low-lying singlet states of nucleobases. The SA-sq-LDSRG(2) approach provides highly accurate results for π → π* excitations, while n → π* transitions are better described by SA-DSRG-PT3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Wei-Hai Fang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Chenyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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13
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Damour Y, Quintero-Monsebaiz R, Caffarel M, Jacquemin D, Kossoski F, Scemama A, Loos PF. Ground- and Excited-State Dipole Moments and Oscillator Strengths of Full Configuration Interaction Quality. J Chem Theory Comput 2023; 19:221-234. [PMID: 36548519 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c01111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We report ground- and excited-state dipole moments and oscillator strengths (computed in different "gauges" or representations) of full configuration interaction (FCI) quality using the selected configuration interaction method known as Configuration Interaction using a Perturbative Selection made Iteratively (CIPSI). Thanks to a set encompassing 35 ground- and excited-state properties computed in 11 small molecules, the present near-FCI estimates allow us to assess the accuracy of high-order coupled-cluster (CC) calculations including up to quadruple excitations. In particular, we show that incrementing the excitation degree of the CC expansion (from CC with singles and doubles (CCSD) to CC with singles, doubles, and triples (CCSDT) or from CCSDT to CC with singles, doubles, triples, and quadruples (CCSDTQ)) reduces the average error with respect to the near-FCI reference values by approximately 1 order of magnitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yann Damour
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques (UMR 5626), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Raúl Quintero-Monsebaiz
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques (UMR 5626), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Michel Caffarel
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques (UMR 5626), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, F-44000 Nantes, France.,Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Fábris Kossoski
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques (UMR 5626), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Anthony Scemama
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques (UMR 5626), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Pierre-François Loos
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques (UMR 5626), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France
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14
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Loos PF, Lipparini F, Matthews DA, Blondel A, Jacquemin D. A Mountaineering Strategy to Excited States: Revising Reference Values with EOM-CC4. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:4418-4427. [PMID: 35737466 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In the framework of the computational determination of highly accurate vertical excitation energies in small organic compounds, we explore the possibilities offered by the equation-of-motion formalism relying on the approximate fourth-order coupled-cluster (CC) method, CC4. We demonstrate, using an extended set of more than 200 reference values based on CC including up to quadruples excitations (CCSDTQ), that CC4 is an excellent approximation to CCSDTQ for excited states with a dominant contribution from single excitations with an average deviation as small as 0.003 eV. We next assess the accuracy of several additive basis set correction schemes, in which vertical excitation energies obtained with a compact basis set and a high-order CC method are corrected with lower-order CC calculations performed in a larger basis set. Such strategies are found to be overall very beneficial, though their accuracy depends significantly on the actual scheme. Finally, CC4 is employed to improve several theoretical best estimates of the QUEST database for molecules containing between four and six (nonhydrogen) atoms, for which previous estimates were computed at the CCSDT level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-François Loos
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Filippo Lipparini
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via Moruzzi 3, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Devin A Matthews
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, United States
| | - Aymeric Blondel
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- Nantes Université, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, F-44000 Nantes, France
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15
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Sarkar R, Loos PF, Boggio-Pasqua M, Jacquemin D. Assessing the Performances of CASPT2 and NEVPT2 for Vertical Excitation Energies. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:2418-2436. [PMID: 35333060 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c01197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Methods able to simultaneously account for both static and dynamic electron correlations have often been employed, not only to model photochemical events but also to provide reference values for vertical transition energies, hence allowing benchmarking of lower-order models. In this category, both the complete-active-space second-order perturbation theory (CASPT2) and the N-electron valence state second-order perturbation theory (NEVPT2) are certainly popular, the latter presenting the advantage of not requiring the application of the empirical ionization-potential-electron-affinity (IPEA) and level shifts. However, the actual accuracy of these multiconfigurational approaches is not settled yet. In this context, to assess the performances of these approaches, the present work relies on highly accurate (±0.03 eV) aug-cc-pVTZ vertical transition energies for 284 excited states of diverse character (174 singlet, 110 triplet, 206 valence, 78 Rydberg, 78 n → π*, 119 π → π*, and 9 double excitations) determined in 35 small- to medium-sized organic molecules containing from three to six non-hydrogen atoms. The CASPT2 calculations are performed with and without IPEA shift and compared to the partially contracted (PC) and strongly contracted (SC) variants of NEVPT2. We find that both CASPT2 with IPEA shift and PC-NEVPT2 provide fairly reliable vertical transition energy estimates, with slight overestimations and mean absolute errors of 0.11 and 0.13 eV, respectively. These values are found to be rather uniform for the various subgroups of transitions. The present work completes our previous benchmarks focused on single-reference wave function methods ( J. Chem. Theory Comput. 2018, 14, 4360; J. Chem. Theory Comput. 2020, 16, 1711), hence allowing for a fair comparison between various families of electronic structure methods. In particular, we show that ADC(2), CCSD, and CASPT2 deliver similar accuracies for excited states with a dominant single-excitation character.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pierre-François Loos
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques, CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse 31062, France
| | - Martial Boggio-Pasqua
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques, CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse 31062, France
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, F-44000 Nantes, France
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16
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Mester D, Kállay M. Charge-Transfer Excitations within Density Functional Theory: How Accurate Are the Most Recommended Approaches? J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:1646-1662. [PMID: 35200021 PMCID: PMC8908740 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c01307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The performance of the most recent density functionals is assessed for charge-transfer (CT) excitations using comprehensive intra- and intermolecular CT benchmark sets with high-quality reference values. For this comparison, the state-of-the-art range-separated (RS) and long-range-corrected (LC) double hybrid (DH) approaches are selected, and global DH and LC hybrid functionals are also inspected. The correct long-range behavior of the exchange-correlation (XC) energy is extensively studied, and various CT descriptors are compared as well. Our results show that the most robust performance is attained by RS-PBE-P86/SOS-ADC(2), as it is suitable to describe both types of CT excitations with outstanding accuracy. Furthermore, concerning the intramolecular transitions, unexpectedly excellent results are obtained for most of the global DHs, but their limitations are also demonstrated for bimolecular complexes. Despite the outstanding performance of the LC-DH methods for common intramolecular excitations, serious deficiencies are pointed out for intermolecular CT transitions, and the wrong long-range behavior of the XC energy is revealed. The application of LC hybrids to such transitions is not recommended in any respect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dávid Mester
- Department of Physical Chemistry
and Materials Science, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3., H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mihály Kállay
- Department of Physical Chemistry
and Materials Science, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3., H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
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17
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Mester D, Kállay M. Accurate Spectral Properties within Double-Hybrid Density Functional Theory: A Spin-Scaled Range-Separated Second-Order Algebraic-Diagrammatic Construction-Based Approach. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:865-882. [PMID: 35023739 PMCID: PMC8830052 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c01100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Our second-order algebraic-diagrammatic construction [ADC(2)]-based double-hybrid (DH) ansatz (J. Chem. Theory Comput. 2019, 15, 4440. DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.9b00391) is combined with range-separation techniques. In the present scheme, both the exchange and the correlation contributions are range-separated, while spin-scaling approaches are also applied. The new methods are thoroughly tested for the most popular benchmark sets including 250 singlet and 156 triplet excitations, as well as 80 oscillator strengths. It is demonstrated that the range separation for the correlation contributions is highly recommended for both the genuine and the ADC(2)-based DH approaches. Our results show that the latter scheme slightly but consistently outperforms the former one for single excitation dominated transitions. Furthermore, states with larger fractions of double excitations are assessed as well, and challenging charge-transfer excitations are also discussed, where the recently proposed spin-scaled long-range corrected DHs fail. The suggested iterative fourth-power scaling RS-PBE-P86/SOS-ADC(2) method, using only three adjustable parameters, provides the most robust and accurate excitation energies within the DH theory. In addition, the relative error of the oscillator strengths is reduced by 65% compared to the best genuine DH functionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dávid Mester
- Department of Physical Chemistry and
Materials Science, Budapest University of
Technology and Economics, P.O. Box 91, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mihály Kállay
- Department of Physical Chemistry and
Materials Science, Budapest University of
Technology and Economics, P.O. Box 91, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary
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18
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Haldar S, Mukhopadhyay T, Dutta AK. A similarity transformed second-order approximate coupled cluster method for the excited states: Theory, implementation, and benchmark. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:014110. [PMID: 34998329 DOI: 10.1063/5.0064889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a novel and cost-effective approach of using a second similarity transformation of the Hamiltonian to include the missing higher-order terms in the second-order approximate coupled cluster singles and doubles (CC2) model. The performance of the newly developed ST-EOM-CC2 model has been investigated for the calculation of excitation energies of valence, Rydberg, and charge-transfer excited states. The method shows significant improvement in the excitation energies of Rydberg and charge-transfer excited states as compared to the conventional CC2 method while retaining the good performance of the latter for the valence excited state. This method retains the charge-transfer separability of the charge-transfer excited states, which is a significant advantage over the traditional CC2 method. A second order many-body perturbation theory variant of the new method is also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumi Haldar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Tamoghna Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Achintya Kumar Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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19
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Loos PF, Jacquemin D. A Mountaineering Strategy to Excited States: Highly Accurate Energies and Benchmarks for Bicyclic Systems. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:10174-10188. [PMID: 34792354 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c08524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Pursuing our efforts to define highly accurate estimates of the relative energies of excited states in organic molecules, we investigate, with coupled-cluster methods including iterative triples (CC3 and CCSDT), the vertical excitation energies of 10 bicyclic molecules (azulene, benzoxadiazole, benzothiadiazole, diketopyrrolopyrrole, furofuran, phthalazine, pyrrolopyrrole, quinoxaline, tetrathiafulvalene, and thienothiophene). In total, we provide aug-cc-pVTZ reference vertical excitation energies for 91 excited states of these relatively large systems. We use these reference values to benchmark various wave function methods, i.e., CIS(D), EOM-MP2, CC2, CCSD, STEOM-CCSD, CCSD(T)(a)*, CCSDR(3), CCSDT-3, ADC(2), ADC(2.5), and ADC(3), as well as some spin-scaled variants of both CC2 and ADC(2). These results are compared to those obtained previously on smaller molecules. It turns out that while the accuracy of some methods is almost unaffected by system size, e.g., CIS(D) and CC3, the performance of others can significantly deteriorate as the systems grow, e.g., EOM-MP2 and CCSD, whereas others, e.g., ADC(2) and CC2, become more accurate for larger derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-François Loos
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, F-31062, Toulouse, France
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, F-44000 Nantes, France
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20
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Song Y, Guo Y, Lei Y, Zhang N, Liu W. The Static-Dynamic-Static Family of Methods for Strongly Correlated Electrons: Methodology and Benchmarking. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2021; 379:43. [PMID: 34724123 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-021-00351-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of methods (SDSCI, SDSPT2, iCI, iCIPT2, iCISCF(2), iVI, and iCAS) is introduced to accurately describe strongly correlated systems of electrons. Born from the (restricted) static-dynamic-static (SDS) framework for designing many-electron wave functions, SDSCI is a minimal multireference (MR) configuration interaction (CI) approach that constructs and diagonalizes a [Formula: see text] matrix for [Formula: see text] states, regardless of the numbers of orbitals and electrons to be correlated. If the full molecular Hamiltonian H in the QHQ block (which describes couplings between functions of the first-order interaction space Q) of the SDSCI CI matrix is replaced with a zeroth-order Hamiltonian [Formula: see text] before the diagonalization is taken, we obtain SDSPT2, a CI-like second-order perturbation theory (PT2). Unlike most variants of MRPT2, SDSPT2 treats single and multiple states in the same way and is particularly advantageous in the presence of near degeneracy. On the other hand, if the SDSCI procedure is repeated until convergence, we will have iterative CI (iCI), which can converge quickly from the above to the exact solutions (full CI) even when starting with a poor guess. When further combined with the selection of important configurations followed by a PT2 treatment of dynamic correlation, iCI becomes iCIPT2, which is a near-exact theory for medium-sized systems. The microiterations of iCI for relaxing the coefficients of contracted many-electron functions can be generalized to an iterative vector interaction (iVI) approach for finding exterior or interior roots of a given matrix, in which the dimension of the search subspace is fixed by either the number of target roots or the user-specified energy window. Naturally, iCIPT2 can be employed as the active space solver of the complete active space (CAS) self-consistent field, leading to iCISCF(2), which can further be combined with iCAS for automated selection of active orbitals and assurance of the same CAS for all states and all geometries. The methods are calibrated by taking the Thiel set of benchmark systems as examples. Results for the corresponding cations, a new set of benchmark systems, are also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Song
- Qingdao Institute for Theoretical and Computational Sciences, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Yang Guo
- Qingdao Institute for Theoretical and Computational Sciences, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, China
| | - Yibo Lei
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shaanxi key Laboratory of Physico-Inorganic Chemistry, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710127, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Wenjian Liu
- Qingdao Institute for Theoretical and Computational Sciences, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, Shandong, China.
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21
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Mester D, Kállay M. Spin-Scaled Range-Separated Double-Hybrid Density Functional Theory for Excited States. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:4211-4224. [PMID: 34152771 PMCID: PMC8280718 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Our recently presented range-separated (RS) double-hybrid (DH) time-dependent density functional approach [J. Chem. Theory Comput. 17, 927 (2021)] is combined with spin-scaling techniques. The proposed spin-component-scaled (SCS) and scaled-opposite-spin (SOS) variants are thoroughly tested for almost 500 excitations including the most challenging types. This comprehensive study provides useful information not only about the new approaches but also about the most prominent methods in the DH class. The benchmark calculations confirm the robustness of the RS-DH ansatz, while several tendencies and deficiencies are pointed out for the existing functionals. Our results show that the SCS variant consistently improves the results, while the SOS variant preserves the benefits of the original RS-DH method reducing its computational expenses. It is also demonstrated that, besides our approaches, only the nonempirical functionals provide balanced performance for general applications, while particular methods are only suggested for certain types of excitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dávid Mester
- Department of Physical Chemistry and
Materials Science, Budapest University of
Technology and Economics, P.O. Box 91, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mihály Kállay
- Department of Physical Chemistry and
Materials Science, Budapest University of
Technology and Economics, P.O. Box 91, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary
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22
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Haldar S, Dutta AK. An efficient Fock space multi-reference coupled cluster method based on natural orbitals: Theory, implementation, and benchmark. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:014105. [PMID: 34241374 DOI: 10.1063/5.0054171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a natural orbital-based implementation of the intermediate Hamiltonian Fock space coupled-cluster method for the (1, 1) sector of Fock space. The use of natural orbitals significantly reduces the computational cost and can automatically choose an appropriate set of active orbitals. The new method retains the charge transfer separability of the original intermediate Hamiltonian Fock space coupled-cluster method and gives excellent performance for valence, Rydberg, and charge-transfer excited states. It offers significant computational advantages over the popular equation of motion coupled cluster method for excited states dominated by single excitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumi Haldar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Achintya Kumar Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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23
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Electronic excited states of benzene in interaction with water clusters: influence of structure and size. Theor Chem Acc 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-021-02764-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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24
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Schieschke N, Bold BM, Dohmen PM, Wehl D, Hoffmann M, Dreuw A, Elstner M, Höfener S. Geometry dependence of excitonic couplings and the consequences for configuration-space sampling. J Comput Chem 2021; 42:1402-1418. [PMID: 33993548 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Excitonic coupling plays a key role for the understanding of excitonic energy transport (EET) in, for example, organic photovoltaics. However, the calculation of realistic systems is often beyond the applicability range of accurate wavefunction methods so that lower-scaling semi-empirical methods are used to model EET events. In the present work, the distance and angle dependence of excitonic couplings of dimers of selected organic molecules are evaluated for the semi-empirical long-range corrected density functional based tight binding (LC-DFTB) method and spin opposite scaled second order approximate coupled cluster singles and doubles (SOS-CC2). While semi-empirically scaled methods can lead to slightly increased deviations for excitation energies, the excitonic couplings and their dependence on the dimer geometry are reproduced. LC-DFTB yields a similar accuracy range as density-functional theory (DFT) employing the ωB97X functional while the computation time is reduced by several orders of magnitude. The dependence of the exchange contributions to the excitonic couplings on the dimer geometry is analyzed assessing the calculation of Coulombic excitonic couplings from monomer local excited states only, which reduces the computational effort significantly. The present work is a necessary first step toward the simulation of excitonic energy transport using semi-empirical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Schieschke
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Beatrix M Bold
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Philipp M Dohmen
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Daniel Wehl
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Marvin Hoffmann
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcus Elstner
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany.,Institute of Biological Interfaces (IGB2), Karlsruhe Institute for Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Sebastian Höfener
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany
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25
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Monino E, Loos PF. Spin-Conserved and Spin-Flip Optical Excitations from the Bethe-Salpeter Equation Formalism. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:2852-2867. [PMID: 33724811 PMCID: PMC8154368 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Like adiabatic time-dependent
density-functional theory (TD-DFT),
the Bethe–Salpeter equation (BSE) formalism of many-body perturbation
theory, in its static approximation, is “blind” to double
(and higher) excitations, which are ubiquitous, for example, in conjugated
molecules like polyenes. Here, we apply the spin-flip ansatz (which considers the lowest triplet state as the reference configuration
instead of the singlet ground state) to the BSE formalism in order
to access, in particular, double excitations. The present scheme is
based on a spin-unrestricted version of the GW approximation
employed to compute the charged excitations and screened Coulomb potential
required for the BSE calculations. Dynamical corrections to the static
BSE optical excitations are taken into account via an unrestricted
generalization of our recently developed (renormalized) perturbative
treatment. The performance of the present spin-flip BSE formalism
is illustrated by computing excited-state energies of the beryllium
atom, the hydrogen molecule at various bond lengths, and cyclobutadiene
in its rectangular and square-planar geometries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enzo Monino
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques (UMR 5626), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Pierre-François Loos
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques (UMR 5626), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
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26
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Loos PF, Comin M, Blase X, Jacquemin D. Reference Energies for Intramolecular Charge-Transfer Excitations. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:3666-3686. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.1c00226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-François Loos
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, F-31400 Toulouse, France
| | | | - Xavier Blase
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Inst NEEL, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, F-44000 Nantes, France
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27
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Véril M, Scemama A, Caffarel M, Lipparini F, Boggio‐Pasqua M, Jacquemin D, Loos P. QUESTDB
: A database of highly accurate excitation energies for the electronic structure community. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mickaël Véril
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS Toulouse France
| | - Anthony Scemama
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS Toulouse France
| | - Michel Caffarel
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS Toulouse France
| | - Filippo Lipparini
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale University of Pisa Pisa Italy
| | - Martial Boggio‐Pasqua
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS Toulouse France
| | | | - Pierre‐François Loos
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS Toulouse France
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28
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Mester D, Kállay M. A Simple Range-Separated Double-Hybrid Density Functional Theory for Excited States. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:927-942. [PMID: 33400872 PMCID: PMC7884002 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.0c01135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A simple and robust range-separated (RS) double-hybrid (DH) time-dependent density functional approach is presented for the accurate calculation of excitation energies of molecules within the Tamm-Dancoff approximation. The scheme can be considered as an excited-state extension of the ansatz proposed by Toulouse and co-workers [J. Chem. Phys. 2018, 148, 164105], which is based on the two-parameter decomposition of the Coulomb potential, for which both the exchange and correlation contributions are range-separated. A flexible and efficient implementation of the new scheme is also presented, which facilitates its extension to any combination of exchange and correlation functionals. The performance of the new approximation is tested for singlet excitations on several benchmark compilations and thoroughly compared to that of representative DH, RS hybrid, and RS DH functionals. The one-electron basis set dependence and computation times are also assessed. Our results show that the new approach improves on standard DHs in most cases, and it can provide a more robust and accurate alternative. In addition, on average, it noticeably surpasses the existing RS hybrid and RS DH functionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dávid Mester
- Department of Physical Chemistry and
Materials Science, Budapest University of
Technology and Economics, P.O. Box 91, Budapest, H-1521, Hungary
| | - Mihály Kállay
- Department of Physical Chemistry and
Materials Science, Budapest University of
Technology and Economics, P.O. Box 91, Budapest, H-1521, Hungary
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29
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Sarkar R, Boggio-Pasqua M, Loos PF, Jacquemin D. Benchmarking TD-DFT and Wave Function Methods for Oscillator Strengths and Excited-State Dipole Moments. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:1117-1132. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.0c01228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Martial Boggio-Pasqua
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Pierre-François Loos
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, F-44000 Nantes, France
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30
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Lamb RW, Schrock AK, Huggins MT, Webster CE. Predicting Absorption and Emission Maxima of Polycyclic Aromatic Azaborines: Reliable Transition Energies and Character. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:3-12. [PMID: 33395288 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c05765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic azaborines have potential applications as luminophores, novel fluorescent materials, organic light-emitting diodes, and fluorescent sensors. Additionally, their relative structural simplicity should allow the use of computational techniques to design and screen novel compounds in a rapid manner. Herein, the absorption and emission maxima of twelve polycyclic aromatic BN-1,2-azaborine analogues containing the N-BOH moiety were examined to determine a methodology for reliably predicting both the energy and character (local excitation [LE] vs charge transfer [CT]) of the absorption and emission maxima for these compounds. The necessity of implicit solvation models was also investigated. The cam-QTP(01) functional with a small, double-ζ quality basis set provides reliable data compared to EOM-CCSD/cc-pVDZ single-point computations. Of note, commonly used functionals for these applications (B3LYP and ωB97xD) struggle to provide reliable results for both the energy and LE character of the transitions relative to EOM-CCSD computations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert W Lamb
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
| | - Alan K Schrock
- Department of Chemistry, University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida 32514, United States
| | - Michael T Huggins
- College of Science and Technology, Tarleton State University, Stephenville, Texas 76402, United States
| | - Charles Edwin Webster
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, United States
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31
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Tajti A, Kozma B, Szalay PG. Improved Description of Charge-Transfer Potential Energy Surfaces via Spin-Component-Scaled CC2 and ADC(2) Methods. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:439-449. [PMID: 33326229 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.0c01146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The molecular level understanding of electronic transport properties depends on the reliable theoretical description of charge-transfer (CT)-type electronic states. In this paper, the performance of spin-component-scaled variants of the popular CC2 and ADC(2) methods is evaluated for CT states, following benchmark strategies of earlier studies that revealed a compromised accuracy of the unmodified models. In addition to statistics on the accuracy of vertical excitation energies at equilibrium and infinite separation of bimolecular complexes, potential energy surfaces of the ammonia-fluorine complex are also reported. The results show the capability of spin-component-scaled approaches to reduce the large errors of their regular counterparts to a significant extent, outperforming even the coupled-cluster single and double method in many cases. The cost-effective scaled-opposite-spin variants are found to provide a remarkably good agreement with the CCSDT-3 reference data, thereby being recommended methods of choice in the study of charge-transfer states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attila Tajti
- Institute of Chemistry, Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, P.O. Box 32, H-1518, Budapest 112, Hungary
| | - Balázs Kozma
- Institute of Chemistry, Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, P.O. Box 32, H-1518, Budapest 112, Hungary
| | - Péter G Szalay
- Institute of Chemistry, Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, P.O. Box 32, H-1518, Budapest 112, Hungary
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32
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Folkestad SD, Kjønstad EF, Goletto L, Koch H. Multilevel CC2 and CCSD in Reduced Orbital Spaces: Electronic Excitations in Large Molecular Systems. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:714-726. [PMID: 33417769 PMCID: PMC8016205 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.0c00590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We present efficient implementations of the multilevel CC2 (MLCC2) and multilevel CCSD (MLCCSD) models. As the system size increases, MLCC2 and MLCCSD exhibit the scaling of the lower-level coupled cluster model. To treat large systems, we combine MLCC2 and MLCCSD with a reduced-space approach in which the multilevel coupled cluster calculation is performed in a significantly truncated molecular orbital basis. The truncation scheme is based on the selection of an active region of the molecular system and the subsequent construction of localized Hartree-Fock orbitals. These orbitals are used in the multilevel coupled cluster calculation. The electron repulsion integrals are Cholesky decomposed using a screening protocol that guarantees accuracy in the truncated molecular orbital basis and reduces computational cost. The Cholesky factors are constructed directly in the truncated basis, ensuring low storage requirements. Systems for which Hartree-Fock is too expensive can be treated by using a multilevel Hartree-Fock reference. With the reduced-space approach, we can handle systems with more than a thousand atoms. This is demonstrated for paranitroaniline in aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarai Dery Folkestad
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Eirik F Kjønstad
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Linda Goletto
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Henrik Koch
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491, Trondheim, Norway.,Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavaleri 7, Pisa, 56126, Italy
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33
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Chrayteh A, Blondel A, Loos PF, Jacquemin D. Mountaineering Strategy to Excited States: Highly Accurate Oscillator Strengths and Dipole Moments of Small Molecules. J Chem Theory Comput 2020; 17:416-438. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.0c01111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amara Chrayteh
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Aymeric Blondel
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Pierre-François Loos
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, F-44000 Nantes, France
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34
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Ghosh S, Kumar Dutta A, de Souza B, Berraud-Pache R, Izsák R. A new density for transition properties within the similarity transformed equation of motion approach. Mol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2020.1818858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soumen Ghosh
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Róbert Izsák
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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35
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Unraveling the Effects of Co-Crystallization on the UV/Vis Absorption Spectra of an N-Salicylideneaniline Derivative. A Computational RI-CC2 Investigation. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25194512. [PMID: 33019738 PMCID: PMC7582674 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This work aims at unraveling the effects of co-crystallization on the optical properties of an N-salicylideneaniline-derived molecular switch transforming between an enol and a keto form. This is achieved by way of a two-step multi-scale method where (i) the molecular geometry and unit cell parameters are optimized using a periodic boundary conditions density functional theory method and (ii) the optical properties are computed for a selection of clusters embedded in an array of point-charges that reproduce the crystal field electronic potential. The optical properties (vertical excitation energies and oscillator strengths) are obtained at the RI-CC2/def2-TZVPD level of approximation. This method allows us to decompose the effects of co-crystallization into (i) indirect effects, the geometry changes of the chromophore due to crystal packing with the coformer, and (ii) direct ones, the polarization due to the interacting coformer and to the crystal field. For the former effects, variations of a crucial torsion angle lead to modification of the π-conjugation and therefore to the decrease or increase of the excitation energies. About the latter, they are antagonistic: (i) the coformer is not directly involved in the excitations but its polarization decreases the excitation energies while (ii) the crystal field has the opposite effect. For the co-crystals with succinic and fumaric acids, combining these direct and indirect effects leads to a hypsochromic shift of the first absorption band with respect to the reference crystal, in agreement with experimental data.
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36
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Frank MS, Schmitz G, Hättig C. Implementation of the iterative triples model CC3 for excitation energies using pair natural orbitals and Laplace transformation techniques. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:034109. [PMID: 32716174 DOI: 10.1063/5.0012597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a pair natural orbital (PNO)-based implementation of CC3 excitation energies, which extends our previously published state-specific PNO ansatz for the solution of the excited state eigenvalue problem to methods including connected triple excitations. A thorough analysis of the equations for the excited state triples amplitudes is presented from which we derive a suitable state-specific triple natural orbital basis for the excited state triples amplitudes, which performs equally well for local and non-local excitations. The accuracy of the implementation is evaluated using a large and diverse test set. We find that for states with small contributions from double excitations, a T0 approximation to PNO-CC3 yields accurate results with a mean absolute error (MAE) for TPNO = 10-7 in the range of 0.02 eV. However, for states with larger double excitation contributions, the T0 approximation is found to yield significantly less accurate results, while the Laplace-transformed variant of PNO-CC3 shows a uniform accuracy for singly and doubly excited states (MAE and maximum error of 0.01 eV and 0.07 eV for TPNO = 10-7, respectively). Finally, we apply PNO-CC3 to the calculation of the first excited state of berenil at a S1 minimum geometry, which is shown to be close to a conical intersection. This calculation in the aug-cc-pVTZ basis set (more than 1300 basis functions) is the largest calculation ever performed with CC3 on excitation energies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius S Frank
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Gunnar Schmitz
- Deparment of Chemistry, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Christof Hättig
- Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Chemie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44801 Bochum, Germany
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37
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Mizuno H, Oosterbaan KJ, Menzl G, Smith J, Rizzuto AM, Geissler PL, Head-Gordon M, Saykally RJ. Revisiting the π → π* transition of the nitrite ion at the air/water interface: A combined experimental and theoretical study. Chem Phys Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2020.137516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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38
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Kozma B, Tajti A, Demoulin B, Izsák R, Nooijen M, Szalay PG. A New Benchmark Set for Excitation Energy of Charge Transfer States: Systematic Investigation of Coupled Cluster Type Methods. J Chem Theory Comput 2020; 16:4213-4225. [PMID: 32502351 PMCID: PMC7467641 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.0c00154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The
numerous existing publications on benchmarking quantum chemistry
methods for excited states rarely include Charge Transfer (CT) states,
although many interesting phenomena in, e.g., biochemistry and material
physics involve the transfer of electrons between fragments of the
system. Therefore, it is timely to test the accuracy of quantum chemical
methods for CT states, as well. In this study we first propose a new
benchmark set consisting of dimers having low-energy CT states. On
this set, the vertical excitation energy has been calculated with
Coupled Cluster methods including triple excitations (CC3, CCSDT-3,
CCSD(T)(a)*), as well as with methods including full or approximate
doubles (CCSD, STEOM-CCSD, CC2, ADC(2), EOM-CCSD(2)). The results
show that the popular CC2 and ADC(2) methods are much less accurate
for CT states than for valence states. On the other hand, EOM-CCSD
seems to have similar systematic overestimation of the excitation
energies for both types of states. Among the triples methods the novel
EOM-CCSD(T)(a)* method including noniterative triple excitations is
found to stand out with its consistently good performance for all
types of states, delivering essentially EOM-CCSDT quality results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balázs Kozma
- Institute of Chemistry, Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, P.O. Box 32, H-1518, Budapest 112, Hungary
| | - Attila Tajti
- Institute of Chemistry, Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, P.O. Box 32, H-1518, Budapest 112, Hungary
| | - Baptiste Demoulin
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Róbert Izsák
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Marcel Nooijen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Péter G Szalay
- Institute of Chemistry, Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, P.O. Box 32, H-1518, Budapest 112, Hungary
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39
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Affiliation(s)
- Balázs Kozma
- Institute of Chemistry, Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Attila Tajti
- Institute of Chemistry, Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter G. Szalay
- Institute of Chemistry, Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
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40
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Matthews DA, Cheng L, Harding ME, Lipparini F, Stopkowicz S, Jagau TC, Szalay PG, Gauss J, Stanton JF. Coupled-cluster techniques for computational chemistry: The CFOUR program package. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:214108. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0004837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Devin A. Matthews
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas 75275, USA
| | - Lan Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Michael E. Harding
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Kaiserstr. 12, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Filippo Lipparini
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 13, I-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Stella Stopkowicz
- Department Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas-C. Jagau
- Department of Chemistry, University of Munich (LMU), Butenandtstr. 5-13, D-81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Péter G. Szalay
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Institute of Chemistry, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Jürgen Gauss
- Department Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - John F. Stanton
- Quantum Theory Project, Departments of Chemistry and Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
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41
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Folkestad SD, Kjønstad EF, Myhre RH, Andersen JH, Balbi A, Coriani S, Giovannini T, Goletto L, Haugland TS, Hutcheson A, Høyvik IM, Moitra T, Paul AC, Scavino M, Skeidsvoll AS, Tveten ÅH, Koch H. e T 1.0: An open source electronic structure program with emphasis on coupled cluster and multilevel methods. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:184103. [PMID: 32414265 DOI: 10.1063/5.0004713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The eT program is an open source electronic structure package with emphasis on coupled cluster and multilevel methods. It includes efficient spin adapted implementations of ground and excited singlet states, as well as equation of motion oscillator strengths, for CCS, CC2, CCSD, and CC3. Furthermore, eT provides unique capabilities such as multilevel Hartree-Fock and multilevel CC2, real-time propagation for CCS and CCSD, and efficient CC3 oscillator strengths. With a coupled cluster code based on an efficient Cholesky decomposition algorithm for the electronic repulsion integrals, eT has similar advantages as codes using density fitting, but with strict error control. Here, we present the main features of the program and demonstrate its performance through example calculations. Because of its availability, performance, and unique capabilities, we expect eT to become a valuable resource to the electronic structure community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarai D Folkestad
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Eirik F Kjønstad
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Rolf H Myhre
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Josefine H Andersen
- DTU Chemistry-Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Alice Balbi
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri, 7, IT-56126 Pisa, PI, Italy
| | - Sonia Coriani
- DTU Chemistry-Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Tommaso Giovannini
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Linda Goletto
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tor S Haugland
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Anders Hutcheson
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ida-Marie Høyvik
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Torsha Moitra
- DTU Chemistry-Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Alexander C Paul
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Marco Scavino
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei Cavalieri, 7, IT-56126 Pisa, PI, Italy
| | - Andreas S Skeidsvoll
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Åsmund H Tveten
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Henrik Koch
- Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
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42
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Loos PF, Scemama A, Boggio-Pasqua M, Jacquemin D. Mountaineering Strategy to Excited States: Highly Accurate Energies and Benchmarks for Exotic Molecules and Radicals. J Chem Theory Comput 2020; 16:3720-3736. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.0c00227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-François Loos
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques, CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Anthony Scemama
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques, CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Martial Boggio-Pasqua
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques, CNRS, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- CEISAM UMR 6230, CNRS, Université de Nantes, F-44000 Nantes, France
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43
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Loos PF, Scemama A, Jacquemin D. The Quest for Highly Accurate Excitation Energies: A Computational Perspective. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:2374-2383. [PMID: 32125872 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
We provide an overview of the successive steps that made it possible to obtain increasingly accurate excitation energies with computational chemistry tools, eventually leading to chemically accurate vertical transition energies for small- and medium-size molecules. First, we describe the evolution of ab initio methods employed to define benchmark values, with the original Roos CASPT2 method, then the CC3 method as in the renowned Thiel set, and more recently the resurgence of selected configuration interaction methods. The latter method has been able to deliver consistently, for both single and double excitations, highly accurate excitation energies for small molecules, as well as medium-size molecules with compact basis sets. Second, we describe how these high-level methods and the creation of representative benchmark sets of excitation energies have allowed the fair and accurate assessment of the performance of computationally lighter methods. We conclude by discussing possible future theoretical and technological developments in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-François Loos
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Anthony Scemama
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- Université de Nantes, CNRS, CEISAM UMR 6230, F-44000 Nantes, France
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44
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Kállay M, Nagy PR, Mester D, Rolik Z, Samu G, Csontos J, Csóka J, Szabó PB, Gyevi-Nagy L, Hégely B, Ladjánszki I, Szegedy L, Ladóczki B, Petrov K, Farkas M, Mezei PD, Ganyecz Á. The MRCC program system: Accurate quantum chemistry from water to proteins. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:074107. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5142048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mihály Kállay
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, P.O. Box 91, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter R. Nagy
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, P.O. Box 91, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dávid Mester
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, P.O. Box 91, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Rolik
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, P.O. Box 91, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gyula Samu
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, P.O. Box 91, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary
| | - József Csontos
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, P.O. Box 91, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary
| | - József Csóka
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, P.O. Box 91, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary
| | - P. Bernát Szabó
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, P.O. Box 91, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Gyevi-Nagy
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, P.O. Box 91, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bence Hégely
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, P.O. Box 91, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Ladjánszki
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, P.O. Box 91, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Lóránt Szegedy
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, P.O. Box 91, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bence Ladóczki
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, P.O. Box 91, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Klára Petrov
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, P.O. Box 91, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Máté Farkas
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, P.O. Box 91, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Pál D. Mezei
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, P.O. Box 91, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ádám Ganyecz
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, P.O. Box 91, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary
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45
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Loos PF, Lipparini F, Boggio-Pasqua M, Scemama A, Jacquemin D. A Mountaineering Strategy to Excited States: Highly Accurate Energies and Benchmarks for Medium Sized Molecules. J Chem Theory Comput 2020; 16:1711-1741. [PMID: 31986042 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.9b01216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Following our previous work focusing on compounds containing up to 3 non-hydrogen atoms [J. Chem. Theory Comput. 2018, 14, 4360-4379], we present here highly accurate vertical transition energies obtained for 27 molecules encompassing 4, 5, and 6 non-hydrogen atoms: acetone, acrolein, benzene, butadiene, cyanoacetylene, cyanoformaldehyde, cyanogen, cyclopentadiene, cyclopropenone, cyclopropenethione, diacetylene, furan, glyoxal, imidazole, isobutene, methylenecyclopropene, propynal, pyrazine, pyridazine, pyridine, pyrimidine, pyrrole, tetrazine, thioacetone, thiophene, thiopropynal, and triazine. To obtain these energies, we use equation-of-motion/linear-response coupled cluster theory up to the highest technically possible excitation order for these systems (CC3, EOM-CCSDT, and EOM-CCSDTQ) and selected configuration interaction (SCI) calculations (with tens of millions of determinants in the reference space), as well as the multiconfigurational n-electron valence state perturbation theory (NEVPT2) method. All these approaches are applied in combination with diffuse-containing atomic basis sets. For all transitions, we report at least CC3/aug-cc-pVQZ vertical excitation energies as well as CC3/aug-cc-pVTZ oscillator strengths for each dipole-allowed transition. We show that CC3 almost systematically delivers transition energies in agreement with higher-level methods with a typical deviation of ±0.04 eV, except for transitions with a dominant double excitation character where the error is much larger. The present contribution gathers a large, diverse, and accurate set of more than 200 highly accurate transition energies for states of various natures (valence, Rydberg, singlet, triplet, n → π*, π → π*, ...). We use this series of theoretical best estimates to benchmark a series of popular methods for excited state calculations: CIS(D), ADC(2), CC2, STEOM-CCSD, EOM-CCSD, CCSDR(3), CCSDT-3, CC3, and NEVPT2. The results of these benchmarks are compared to the available literature data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-François Loos
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques, CNRS et Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Filippo Lipparini
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, University of Pisa, Via Moruzzi 3, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Martial Boggio-Pasqua
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques, CNRS et Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Anthony Scemama
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques, CNRS et Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- CEISAM Lab, UMR 6230, Université de Nantes, CNRS, F-44000 Nantes, France
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Shao Y, Mei Y, Sundholm D, Kaila VRI. Benchmarking the Performance of Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory Methods on Biochromophores. J Chem Theory Comput 2020; 16:587-600. [PMID: 31815476 PMCID: PMC7391796 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.9b00823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Quantum chemical calculations are important for elucidating light-capturing mechanisms in photobiological systems. The time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) has become a popular methodology because of its balance between accuracy and computational scaling, despite its problems in describing, for example, charge transfer states. As a step toward systematically understanding the performance of TDDFT calculations on biomolecular systems, we study here 17 commonly used density functionals, including seven long-range separated functionals, and compare the obtained results with excitation energies calculated at the approximate second order coupled-cluster theory level (CC2). The benchmarking set includes the first five singlet excited states of 11 chemical analogues of biochromophores from the green fluorescent protein, rhodopsin/bacteriorhodopsin (Rh/bR), and the photoactive yellow protein. We find that commonly used pure density functionals such as BP86, PBE, M11-L, and hybrid functionals with 20-25% of Hartree-Fock (HF) exchange (B3LYP, PBE0) have a tendency to consistently underestimate vertical excitation energies (VEEs) relative to the CC2 values, whereas hybrid density functionals with around 50% HF exchange such as BHLYP, PBE50, and M06-2X and long-range corrected functionals such as CAM-B3LYP, ωPBE, ωPBEh, ωB97X, ωB97XD, BNL, and M11 overestimate the VEEs. We observe that calculations using the CAM-B3LYP and ωPBEh functionals with 65% and 100% long-range HF exchange, respectively, lead to an overestimation of the VEEs by 0.2-0.3 eV for the benchmarking set. To reduce the systematic error, we introduce here two new empirical functionals, CAMh-B3LYP and ωhPBE0, for which we adjusted the long-range HF exchange to 50%. The introduced parameterization reduces the mean signed average (MSA) deviation to 0.07 eV and the root mean square (rms) deviation to 0.17 eV as compared to the CC2 values. In the present study, TDDFT calculations using the aug-def2-TZVP basis sets, the best performing functionals relative to CC2 are ωhPBE0 (rms = 0.17, MSA = 0.06 eV); CAMh-B3LYP (rms = 0.16, MSA = 0.07 eV); and PBE0 (rms = 0.23, MSA = -0.14 eV). For the popular range-separated CAM-B3LYP functional, we obtain an rms value of 0.31 eV and an MSA value of 0.25 eV, which can be compared with the rms and MSA values of 0.37 and -0.31 eV, respectively, as obtained at the B3LYP level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Shao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Oklahoma , Norman , Oklahoma 73019 , United States
| | - Ye Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physics and Electronic Science , East China Normal University , Shanghai 200062 , China
- NYU-ECNU Center for Computational Chemistry at NYU Shanghai , Shanghai 200062 , China
| | - Dage Sundholm
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , University of Helsinki , P.O. Box 55, Helsinki FIN-00014 , Finland
| | - Ville R I Kaila
- Department Chemie , Technische Universität München (TUM) , Lichtenbergstrasse 4 , Garching D-85747 , Germany
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics , Stockholm University , Stockholm SE-10691 , Sweden
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Tajti A, Tulipán L, Szalay PG. Accuracy of Spin-Component Scaled ADC(2) Excitation Energies and Potential Energy Surfaces. J Chem Theory Comput 2019; 16:468-474. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.9b01065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Attila Tajti
- Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 112, P.O. Box 32, H-1518 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Levente Tulipán
- Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 112, P.O. Box 32, H-1518 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter G. Szalay
- Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 112, P.O. Box 32, H-1518 Budapest, Hungary
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Izsák R. Single‐reference coupled cluster methods for computing excitation energies in large molecules: The efficiency and accuracy of approximations. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Róbert Izsák
- Max‐Planck‐Institut für Kohlenforschung Mülheim an der Ruhr Germany
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49
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Wang X, Guo M, Wang Z, Wang F. A corrected CIS(D∞) method for valence and Rydberg excitation energies. Chem Phys Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2019.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Tajti A, Szalay PG. Accuracy of Spin-Component-Scaled CC2 Excitation Energies and Potential Energy Surfaces. J Chem Theory Comput 2019; 15:5523-5531. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.9b00676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Attila Tajti
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter G. Szalay
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
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