1
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Qi ZC, Lou QX, Niu Y, Yang SD. Temporary (P[double bond, length as m-dash]O) directing group enabled carbazole ortho arylation via palladium catalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:2021-2024. [PMID: 33506237 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc07596e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A palladium-catalyzed, temporary P(O) directing group assisted C-H bond arylation of carbazoles was achieved. The release of the directing group occurs spontaneously in the reaction and the mechanistic studies indicate that acid is essential for N-P bond cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Chao Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
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2
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Tanaka S, Asako T, Ota E, Yamaguchi J. Synthesis of a Pentaarylcarbazole: Installation of Different Aryl Groups on a Benzenoid Moiety. CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.200302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Tanaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Takashi Asako
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Eisuke Ota
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Junichiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
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3
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Khan A, Karim R, Dhimane H, Alam S. Mild and Efficient Synthesis of Functionalized Carbazoles via a DBU‐Assisted Sequence Involving Cu‐ and Pd‐Catalyzed Coupling Reactions. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201900788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aminur Khan
- Department of ChemistryAliah University, IIA/27, New Town Kolkata 700160 India
| | - Rejaul Karim
- Department of ChemistryAliah University, IIA/27, New Town Kolkata 700160 India
| | - Hamid Dhimane
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques - UMR 8601 CNRSUFR des Sciences Fondamentales et BiomédicalesUniversité Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saints-Pères 75270 Paris Cedex 06 France
| | - Safiul Alam
- Department of ChemistryAliah University, IIA/27, New Town Kolkata 700160 India
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4
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A one-pot direct regioselective iodination of Fischer-Borsche product using periodic acid in PEG-400. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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5
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Chen S, Jiang P, Wang P, Pei Y, Huang H, Xiao F, Deng GJ. Three-Component Cascade Synthesis of Carbazoles through [1s,6s] Sigmatropic Shift under Metal-Free Conditions. J Org Chem 2019; 84:3121-3131. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shanping Chen
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Pingyu Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Pu Wang
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Yong Pei
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Huawen Huang
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Fuhong Xiao
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Guo-Jun Deng
- Key Laboratory for Green Organic Synthesis and Application of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
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6
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Ranjani G, Nagarajan R. Metal-Free C–H Functionalization and Aromatization Sequence for the Synthesis of 1-(Indol-3-yl)carbazoles and Total Synthesis of 7-Bromo-1-(6-bromo-1H-indol-3-yl)-9H-carbazole. Org Lett 2019; 21:675-678. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ganapathy Ranjani
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
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7
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Przypis L, Walczak KZ. Copper(II)-Catalyzed Iodinations of Carbazoles: Access to Functionalized Carbazoles. J Org Chem 2019; 84:2287-2296. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lukasz Przypis
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 4, Gliwice 44-100, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Zdzislaw Walczak
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 4, Gliwice 44-100, Poland
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8
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Varshnaya RK, Banerjee P. Lewis Acid-Catalyzed [3+3] Annulation of Donor–Acceptor Cyclopropanes and Indonyl Alcohols: One Step Synthesis of Substituted Carbazoles with Promising Photophysical Properties. J Org Chem 2019; 84:1614-1623. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b02733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Kumar Varshnaya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Nangal Road, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
| | - Prabal Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Nangal Road, Rupnagar, Punjab 140001, India
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9
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Aggarwal T, Sushmita S, Verma AK. Recent advances in the synthesis of carbazoles from indoles. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:8330-8342. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01381d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of carbazoles using indoles as precursors through CH activation/annulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trapti Aggarwal
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Delhi
- Delhi-110007
- India
| | - Sushmita Sushmita
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Delhi
- Delhi-110007
- India
| | - Akhilesh K. Verma
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Delhi
- Delhi-110007
- India
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10
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Gravel J, Schmitzer AR. Imidazolium and benzimidazolium-containing compounds: from simple toxic salts to highly bioactive drugs. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 15:1051-1071. [PMID: 28045182 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob02293f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The toxicity of simple imidazolium and benzimidazolium salts started to be more and more investigated in the last few years and was taken in consideration in the context of microorganisms, plants and more evolved organisms' exposure. However, the toxicity of these salts can be exploited in the development of different biological applications by incorporating them in the structure of compounds that specifically target microorganisms and cancer cells. We highlight in this minireview the way researchers became aware of the inherent problem of the stability and bioaccumulation of imidazolium and benzimidazolium salts and how they found inspiration to exploit their toxicity by incorporating them into new highly potent drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Gravel
- Département de Chimie- Université de Montréal, 2900 Edouard Montpetit CP 6128 Succursalle Centre Ville Montréal Québec, Canada H3C 3J7.
| | - A R Schmitzer
- Département de Chimie- Université de Montréal, 2900 Edouard Montpetit CP 6128 Succursalle Centre Ville Montréal Québec, Canada H3C 3J7.
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11
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Murali K, Sparkes HA, Rajendra Prasad KJ. Regio- and stereoselective synthesis of dispirooxindole-pyrrolocarbazole hybrids via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions: Cytotoxic activity and SAR studies. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 143:292-305. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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12
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Suárez A, Suárez-Pantiga S, Nieto-Faza O, Sanz R. Gold-Catalyzed Synthesis of 1-(Indol-3-yl)carbazoles: Selective 1,2-Alkyl vs 1,2-Vinyl Migration. Org Lett 2017; 19:5074-5077. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.7b02303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anisley Suárez
- Departamento
de Química, Área de Química Orgánica,
Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001-Burgos, Spain
| | - Samuel Suárez-Pantiga
- Departamento
de Química, Área de Química Orgánica,
Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001-Burgos, Spain
| | - Olalla Nieto-Faza
- Departamento
de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, Campus As Lagoas, 32004-Ourense, Spain
| | - Roberto Sanz
- Departamento
de Química, Área de Química Orgánica,
Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Pza. Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001-Burgos, Spain
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13
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Wu J, Chen X, Xie Y, Guo Y, Zhang Q, Deng GJ. Carbazole and Triarylpyrrole Synthesis from Anilines and Cyclohexanones or Acetophenones under Transition-Metal-Free Condition. J Org Chem 2017; 82:5743-5750. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wu
- Key
Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of
Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, P.R. China
| | - Xiangui Chen
- Key
Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of
Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, P.R. China
| | - Yanjun Xie
- Key
Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of
Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, P.R. China
| | - Yanjun Guo
- Key
Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of
Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, P.R. China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of
Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, P.R. China
| | - Guo-Jun Deng
- Key
Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Application of
Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, P.R. China
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14
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Rafiee F. Synthesis of phenanthridine and phenanthridinone derivatives based on Pd-catalyzed C-H activation. Appl Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.3820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Rafiee
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of physic-chemistry; Alzahra University; Vanak Tehran Iran
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15
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Kim HS, Goo DY, Woo SK. Efficient synthesis of aryl-substituted carbazoles via tandem double or triple suzuki coupling and cadogan cyclization. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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16
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Abstract
Transition metal-mediated C-H bond activation and functionalization represent one of the most straightforward and powerful tools in modern organic synthetic chemistry. Bi(hetero)aryls are privileged π-conjugated structural cores in biologically active molecules, organic functional materials, ligands, and organic synthetic intermediates. The oxidative C-H/C-H coupling reactions between two (hetero)arenes through 2-fold C-H activation offer a valuable opportunity for rapid assembly of diverse bi(hetero)aryls and further exploitation of their applications in pharmaceutical and material sciences. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the fundamentals and applications of transition metal-mediated/catalyzed oxidative C-H/C-H coupling reactions between two (hetero)arenes. The substrate scope, limitation, reaction mechanism, regioselectivity, and chemoselectivity, as well as related control strategies of these reactions are discussed. Additionally, the applications of these established methods in the synthesis of natural products and exploitation of new organic functional materials are exemplified. In the last section, a short introduction on oxidant- or Lewis acid-mediated oxidative Ar-H/Ar-H coupling reactions is presented, considering that it is a very powerful method for the construction of biaryl units and polycylic arenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University , 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Jingbo Lan
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University , 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Jingsong You
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University , 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, China
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17
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Börger C, Brütting C, Julich-Gruner KK, Hesse R, Kumar VP, Kutz SK, Rönnefahrt M, Thomas C, Wan B, Franzblau SG, Knölker HJ. Anti-tuberculosis activity and structure-activity relationships of oxygenated tricyclic carbazole alkaloids and synthetic derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 25:6167-6174. [PMID: 28094223 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A series of 49 oxygenated tricyclic carbazole derivatives has been tested for inhibition of the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and a mammalian cell line (vero cells). From this series, twelve carbazoles showed a significant anti-TB activity. The four most active compounds were the naturally occurring carbazole alkaloids clauszoline-M (45), murrayaline-C (41), carbalexin-C (27), and the synthetic carbazole derivative 22 with MIC90 values ranging from 1.5 to 3.7μM. The active compounds were virtually nontoxic for the mammalian cell line in the concentration range up to 50μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Börger
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Brütting
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Ronny Hesse
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - V Pavan Kumar
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Sebastian K Kutz
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Marika Rönnefahrt
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Claudia Thomas
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Baojie Wan
- Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., MC 964, Chicago, IL 60612-7231, USA
| | - Scott G Franzblau
- Institute for Tuberculosis Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood St., MC 964, Chicago, IL 60612-7231, USA
| | - Hans-Joachim Knölker
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, 01069 Dresden, Germany.
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18
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Brütting C, Hesse R, Jäger A, Kataeva O, Schmidt AW, Knölker HJ. Synthesis of Glycoborine, Glybomine A and B, the Phytoalexin Carbalexin A and the β-Adrenoreceptor Antagonists Carazolol and Carvedilol. Chemistry 2016; 22:16897-16911. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201604002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Brütting
- Department Chemie; Technische Universität Dresden; Bergstraße 66 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Ronny Hesse
- Department Chemie; Technische Universität Dresden; Bergstraße 66 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Anne Jäger
- Department Chemie; Technische Universität Dresden; Bergstraße 66 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Olga Kataeva
- Department Chemie; Technische Universität Dresden; Bergstraße 66 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Arndt W. Schmidt
- Department Chemie; Technische Universität Dresden; Bergstraße 66 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Knölker
- Department Chemie; Technische Universität Dresden; Bergstraße 66 01069 Dresden Germany
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19
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Li SS, Xia YQ, Hu FZ, Liu CF, Su F, Dong L. IrIII-Catalyzed One-Pot Cascade Synthesis of Pentacyclic-Fused Carbazoles from Indoles and Diazoes. Chem Asian J 2016; 11:3165-3168. [PMID: 27643614 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201601197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai-Shuai Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry; West China School of Pharmacy; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610041 China
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Ying-Qi Xia
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry; West China School of Pharmacy; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Fang-Zhi Hu
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Chen-Fei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry; West China School of Pharmacy; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Fu Su
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry; West China School of Pharmacy; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Lin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry; West China School of Pharmacy; Sichuan University; Chengdu 610041 China
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20
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Gensch T, Richter N, Theumer G, Kataeva O, Knölker HJ. Synthesis of Stable Diarylpalladium(II) Complexes: Detailed Study of the Aryl-Aryl Bond-Forming Reductive Elimination. Chemistry 2016; 22:11186-90. [PMID: 27309346 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of diarylpalladium(II) complexes by twofold aryl C-H bond activation was developed. These intermediates of oxidative cyclization reactions are stabilized by chelation with acetyl groups while still maintaining sufficient reactivity to study their reductive elimination. Four distinct triggers were found for the reductive elimination of these complexes to dibenzofurans and carbazoles. Thermal elimination occurs at very high temperatures, whereas ligand-promoted and oxidatively induced reductive eliminations proceed readily at room temperature. Under these conditions, no isomerization occurs. In contrast, weak Brønsted acids, such as acetic acid, lead to a sequence of proto-demetalation, isomerization to a κ(3) -diarylpalladium(II) complex, and reductive elimination to non-symmetrical cyclization products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Gensch
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nils Richter
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Gabriele Theumer
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Olga Kataeva
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, 01069, Dresden, Germany
- A. E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Arbuzov Str. 8, Kazan, 420088, Russia
| | - Hans-Joachim Knölker
- Department of Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, 01069, Dresden, Germany.
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21
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Wen L, Tang L, Yang Y, Zha Z, Wang Z. Ligand-Free Pd-Catalyzed Domino Synthesis of Carbazoles via Dehydrogenative Aromatization/C(sp2)–C(sp2) Coupling Sequence. Org Lett 2016; 18:1278-81. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b00193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lixian Wen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry and Department of Chemistry & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Lin Tang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry and Department of Chemistry & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yu Yang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry and Department of Chemistry & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zhenggen Zha
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry and Department of Chemistry & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry and Department of Chemistry & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
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22
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Kutz SK, Börger C, Schmidt AW, Knölker HJ. Synthesis of Methylene-Bridged Biscarbazole Alkaloids by using an Ullmann-type Coupling: First Total Synthesis of Murrastifoline-C and Murrafoline-E. Chemistry 2016; 22:2487-500. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201504680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian K. Kutz
- Department Chemie; Technische Universität Dresden; Bergstrasse 66 01069 Dresden Germany), Fax
| | - Carsten Börger
- Department Chemie; Technische Universität Dresden; Bergstrasse 66 01069 Dresden Germany), Fax
| | - Arndt W. Schmidt
- Department Chemie; Technische Universität Dresden; Bergstrasse 66 01069 Dresden Germany), Fax
| | - Hans-Joachim Knölker
- Department Chemie; Technische Universität Dresden; Bergstrasse 66 01069 Dresden Germany), Fax
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23
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Tan Q, Xu B. CH Bond Activation as a Powerful Tool in the Construction of Biologically Active Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycles. STUDIES IN NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63749-9.00009-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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24
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Goo DY, Woo SK. One-pot synthesis of carbazoles via tandem C–C cross-coupling and reductive amination. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:122-30. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob01952d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a highly efficient synthetic route to carbazoles that employs sequential C–C/C–N bond formation via Suzuki cross-coupling and Cadogan cyclization. The developed method is compatible with electron neutral, rich or deficient substrates. The synthetic utility of this method was demonstrated by the concise syntheses of four natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deuk-Young Goo
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Ulsan
- Ulsan 44610
- Korea
| | - Sang Kook Woo
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Ulsan
- Ulsan 44610
- Korea
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25
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Krishna NH, Saraswati AP, Sathish M, Shankaraiah N, Kamal A. Silver catalyzed domino aza-annulation/Diels–Alder cyclization of 2-ene-yne anilines: a facile one-pot access to carbazole, dihydrocarbazole and tetrahydrocarbazole frameworks. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:4581-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc00633g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
AgSbF6-catalyzed domino aza-annulation/Diels–Alder/aromatization cascade for the construction of carbazoles, dihydrocarbazoles, tetrahydrocarbazoles and 3-indolyl-substituted tetrahydrocarbazoles was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namballa Hari Krishna
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER)
- Hyderabad-500037
- India
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology
| | - A Prasanth Saraswati
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER)
- Hyderabad-500037
- India
| | - Manda Sathish
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
- Hyderabad-500007
- India
| | - Nagula Shankaraiah
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER)
- Hyderabad-500037
- India
| | - Ahmed Kamal
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER)
- Hyderabad-500037
- India
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology
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26
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Poudel TN, Lee YR. Construction of highly functionalized carbazoles via condensation of an enolate to a nitro group. Chem Sci 2015; 6:7028-7033. [PMID: 29861941 PMCID: PMC5947529 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc02407b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper describes a novel synthesis of highly functionalized and diverse carbazoles via transition-metal-free and mild base-promoted condensations of readily available 2-nitrocinnamaldehyde or 2-nitrochalcones with various β-ketoesters or 1,3-diaryl-2-propanones. The method selectively forms four bonds by the intramolecular conjugate addition of an enolate to the enal or chalcone bearing an o-nitro group. This group then undergoes in situ N-O bond cleavage under non-reductive conditions in a one-pot procedure. This protocol allows for the introduction of various functional groups at all positions of the newly formed aromatic ring of the carbazole moiety. The utility of this methodology is further illustrated by the concise synthesis of naturally occurring hyellazole and chlorohyellazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tej Narayan Poudel
- School of Chemical Engineering , Yeungnam University , Gyeongsan 712-749 , Republic of Korea . ; ; Tel: +82-53-810-2529
| | - Yong Rok Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering , Yeungnam University , Gyeongsan 712-749 , Republic of Korea . ; ; Tel: +82-53-810-2529
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27
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Zhao J, Li P, Xia C, Li F. Facile Synthesis of Trisubstituted Carbazoles by Acid‐Catalyzed Ring‐Opening Annulation of 2‐Amidodihydrofurans with Indoles. Chemistry 2015; 21:16383-6. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou 730000 (P. R. China)
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 (P. R. China)
| | - Pan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou 730000 (P. R. China)
| | - Chungu Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou 730000 (P. R. China)
| | - Fuwei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou 730000 (P. R. China)
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28
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Liu LX, Wang XQ, Zhou B, Yang LJ, Li Y, Zhang HB, Yang XD. Synthesis and antitumor activity of novel N-substituted carbazole imidazolium salt derivatives. Sci Rep 2015; 5:13101. [PMID: 26287982 PMCID: PMC4642527 DOI: 10.1038/srep13101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of novel N-substituted carbazole imidazolium salt derivatives has been prepared and investigated for their cytotoxic activity against five human tumor cell lines by MTS assay. The results indicated that the existence of 5,6-dimethyl-benzimidazole ring, substitution of the imidazolyl-3-position with a 2-bromobenzyl or naphthylacyl group, as well as alkyl chain length between carbazole and imidazole ring were important for the antitumor activity. Compound 61, bearing a 2-bromobenzyl substituent at position-3 of the 5,6-dimethyl-benzimidazole, showed powerful inhibitory activities and was more selective to HL-60, SMMC-7721, MCF-7 and SW480 cell lines with IC50 values 0.51-2.48 μM. Mechanism of action studies revealed that this new compound could remarkably induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in SMMC-7721 cells. This work provides alternative novel way for future drug development based on carbazole and imidazolium salt scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Xiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P.R. China
- Research Institute of Resources Insects, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming, 650224, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Quan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P.R. China
| | - Bei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P.R. China
| | - Li-Juan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Ethnic Medicine Resource Chemistry, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650500, P.R. China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, 650204, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Bin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Dong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P.R. China
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29
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Biswas S, Dagar A, Srivastava A, Samanta S. Access to Substituted Carbazoles in Water by a One-Pot Sequential Reaction of α,β-Substituted Nitro Olefins with 2-(3-Formyl-1H-indol-2-yl)acetates. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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30
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Total synthesis of glycomaurrol and eustifoline-C by DIBAL-H promoted reductive ring opening of pyrano[2,3-c]carbazoles. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.03.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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31
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Dethe DH, Das S, Dherange BD, Mahapatra S. Enantiospecific Total Syntheses and Assignment of Absolute Configuration of Cannabinol-Skeletal Carbazole Alkaloids Murrayamines-O and -P. Chemistry 2015; 21:8347-50. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201406434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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32
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Qiu Y, Zhou J, Fu C, Ma S. A General Diversified Synthesis of Carbazoles and the First Synthesis of Karapinchamine A. Chemistry 2014; 20:14589-93. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201404769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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33
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Rathore KS, Harode M, Katukojvala S. Regioselective π-extension of indoles with rhodium enalcarbenoids – synthesis of substituted carbazoles. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:8641-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob01693a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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34
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Hesse R, Krahl MP, Jäger A, Kataeva O, Schmidt AW, Knölker HJ. Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Synthesis of the Formylcarbazole Alkaloids Murrayaline A-C, 7-Methoxymukonal, and 7-Methoxy-O-methylmukonal. European J Org Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201402201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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35
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Zhu C, Ma S. Efficient Carbazole Synthesis via Pd/Cu-Cocatalyzed Cross-Coupling/Isomerization of 2-Allyl-3-iodoindoles and Terminal Alkynes. Org Lett 2014; 16:1542-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol500119r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Can Zhu
- State
Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of
Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Shengming Ma
- State
Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of
Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, Department
of Chemistry, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Lu, Shanghai, 200062, P. R. China
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36
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Gao H, Xu QL, Yousufuddin M, Ess DH, Kürti L. Rapid Synthesis of Fused N-Heterocycles by Transition-Metal-Free Electrophilic Amination of Arene CH Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201309973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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37
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Gao H, Xu QL, Yousufuddin M, Ess DH, Kürti L. Rapid Synthesis of Fused N-Heterocycles by Transition-Metal-Free Electrophilic Amination of Arene CH Bonds. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:2701-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201309973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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38
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Hesse R, Jäger A, Schmidt AW, Knölker HJ. Palladium(ii)-catalysed total synthesis of naturally occurring pyrano[3,2-a]carbazole and pyrano[2,3-b]carbazole alkaloids. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:3866-76. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob00367e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Seven naturally occurring pyranocarbazole alkaloids (pyrayafoline A–E,O-methylmurrayamine A andO-methylmahanine) have been synthesised using a palladium(ii)-catalysed cyclisation of a diarylamine to an orthogonally diprotected 2,7-dihydroxycarbazole as key step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronny Hesse
- Department Chemie
- Technische Universität Dresden
- 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Anne Jäger
- Department Chemie
- Technische Universität Dresden
- 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Arndt W. Schmidt
- Department Chemie
- Technische Universität Dresden
- 01069 Dresden, Germany
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39
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Rasheed S, Rao DN, Reddy KR, Aravinda S, Vishwakarma RA, Das P. C–N bond formation via Cu-catalyzed cross-coupling with boronic acids leading to methyl carbazole-3-carboxylate: synthesis of carbazole alkaloids. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra44903c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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40
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Li Q, Peng XS, Wong HNC. Brønsted acid-catalyzed synthesis of carbazoles from 2-substituted indoles. Org Chem Front 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4qo00242c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
A simple and efficient approach for the synthesis of disubstituted carbazoles has been developed from o-haloanilines and terminal alkynes using a two-step strategy, namely, Sonogashira coupling and intramolecular cyclization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingjiang Li
- Department of Chemistry
- Centre of Novel Functional Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Shatin, New Territories, China
| | - Xiao-Shui Peng
- Department of Chemistry
- Centre of Novel Functional Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Shatin, New Territories, China
- Shenzhen Municipal Key Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis of Medicinal Organic Molecules and Shenzhen Center of Novel Functional Molecules
| | - Henry N. C. Wong
- Department of Chemistry
- Centre of Novel Functional Molecules and State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Shatin, New Territories, China
- Shenzhen Municipal Key Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis of Medicinal Organic Molecules and Shenzhen Center of Novel Functional Molecules
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41
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Börger C, Schmidt AW, Knölker HJ. First total syntheses of chrestifoline-B and (±)-chrestifoline-C, and improved synthetic routes to bismurrayafoline-A, bismurrayafolinol and chrestifoline-D. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:3831-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob00609g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We describe an efficient synthesis of the methylene-bridged biscarbazole alkaloids bismurrayafoline-A, bismurrayafolinol and chrestifoline B–D using an Ullmann-type coupling at the benzylic position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Börger
- Department Chemie
- Technische Universität Dresden
- 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Arndt W. Schmidt
- Department Chemie
- Technische Universität Dresden
- 01069 Dresden, Germany
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42
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Gassner C, Hesse R, Schmidt AW, Knölker HJ. Total synthesis of the cyclic monoterpenoid pyrano[3,2-a]carbazole alkaloids derived from 2-hydroxy-6-methylcarbazole. Org Biomol Chem 2014; 12:6490-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ob01151a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of seven pyrano[3,2-a]carbazole alkaloids has been achieved using their putative biogenetic precursor 2-hydroxy-6-methylcarbazole as key intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cemena Gassner
- Department Chemie
- Technische Universität Dresden
- 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Ronny Hesse
- Department Chemie
- Technische Universität Dresden
- 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Arndt W. Schmidt
- Department Chemie
- Technische Universität Dresden
- 01069 Dresden, Germany
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43
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Trosien S, Böttger P, Waldvogel SR. Versatile Oxidative Approach to Carbazoles and Related Compounds Using MoCl5. Org Lett 2013; 16:402-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ol403304t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Trosien
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Duesbergweg 10-14, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Philipp Böttger
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Duesbergweg 10-14, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Siegfried R. Waldvogel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Duesbergweg 10-14, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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44
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Qiu Y, Ma D, Fu C, Ma S. An efficient Au-catalyzed synthesis of isomukonidine, clausine L, mukonidine, glycosinine, mukonal, and clausine V from propadienyl methyl ether. Org Biomol Chem 2013; 11:1666-71. [PMID: 23358535 DOI: 10.1039/c2ob27432a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Naturally occurring carbazole alkaloids such as isomukonidine, clausine L, mukonidine, glycosinine, mukonal, and clausine V have been synthesized through a gold-catalyzed cyclization reaction of 1-(indol-2-yl)-2-methoxy-2,3-allenols, which are readily available from indolecarbaldehydes and methoxypropadiene. Compared to the reported procedures, our approach is general, atom economic, highly selective, and the starting materials are easily available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youai Qiu
- Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
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45
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Hesse R, Gruner KK, Kataeva O, Schmidt AW, Knölker HJ. Efficient Construction of Pyrano[3,2-a]carbazoles: Application to a Biomimetic Total Synthesis of Cyclized Monoterpenoid Pyrano[3,2-a]carbazole Alkaloids. Chemistry 2013; 19:14098-111. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201301792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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46
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Kumar VP, Gruner KK, Kataeva O, Knölker HJ. Total Synthesis of the Biscarbazole Alkaloids Murrafoline A-D by a Domino Sonogashira Coupling/Claisen Rearrangement/Electrocyclization Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201305993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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47
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Kumar VP, Gruner KK, Kataeva O, Knölker HJ. Total Synthesis of the Biscarbazole Alkaloids Murrafoline A-D by a Domino Sonogashira Coupling/Claisen Rearrangement/Electrocyclization Reaction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013; 52:11073-7. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201305993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Revised: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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48
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Bautista R, Montoya PA, Rebollar A, Burgueño E, Tamariz J. Palladium-catalyzed synthesis of natural and unnatural 2-, 5-, and 7-oxygenated carbazole alkaloids from N-arylcyclohexane enaminones. Molecules 2013; 18:10334-51. [PMID: 24064449 PMCID: PMC6269969 DOI: 10.3390/molecules180910334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2013] [Revised: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A palladium-catalyzed synthesis of the carbazole framework is described, including the preparation of 2-, 5-, and 7-oxygenated natural and unnatural carbazole alkaloids. A series of N-arylcyclohexane enaminones, generated by condensation of cyclohexane-1,3-dione with diverse anilines, were aromatized by a Pd(0)-catalyzed thermal treatment to afford the corresponding diarylamines. The latter were submitted to a Pd(II)-catalyzed cyclization and methylation processes to provide the desired carbazoles, including clausine V. Following an inverse strategy, a new and short total synthesis of glycoborine is also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Bautista
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Prol. Carpio y Plan de Ayala, México D.F. 11340, Mexico.
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49
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Zhu D, Liu Q, Luo B, Chen M, Pi R, Huang P, Wen S. Synthesis of CarbazolesviaOne-Pot Copper-Catalyzed Amine Insertion into Cyclic Diphenyleneiodoniums as a Strategy to Generate a Drug-Like Chemical Library. Adv Synth Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201300271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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50
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Chakrabarty S, Chatterjee I, Tebben L, Studer A. Reaktionen von Arinen mit Nitrosoarenen - ein Zugang zu substituierten Carbazolen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201209447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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