1
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Petrova K, Kaipov A, Yussupova L, Iznat I, Hayrapetyan D. Decarboxylation of Aza-Annulation Products as a Synthetic Route to 3-Pyrrolin-2-ones and 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydropyridin-2-ones. J Org Chem 2024; 89:14596-14600. [PMID: 39297309 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c01838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
Aza-annulation of enamines derived from β-ketoesters with maleic and itaconic anhydrides proceeds with excellent diastereoselectivity to provide functionalized γ- and δ-lactams. Further hydrolysis of the aza-annulation products resulted in dicarboxylic acids that underwent spontaneous decarboxylation under ambient conditions. The decarboxylation of β-γ unsaturated carboxylic acids with an electron-rich enamide C═C bond proceeds with the migration of the C═C bond and serves as a practical synthetic entry into 3-pyrrolin-2-ones and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyridin-2-ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kseniia Petrova
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, 010000 Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Almaz Kaipov
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, 010000 Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Lyailya Yussupova
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, 010000 Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Iliyas Iznat
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, 010000 Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Davit Hayrapetyan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Avenue, 010000 Astana, Kazakhstan
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2
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Zhang YD, Guan ZP, Dong ZB. One Pot Synthesis of C3-Sulfurized Imidazolo [1,2- a] Pyridines. J Org Chem 2024; 89:14098-14107. [PMID: 39290096 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c01524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
A facile and efficient annulation strategy was developed from easily accessible a-bromoketones, aminopyridines and benzazol, which afforded a series of imidazole [1,2-a]pyridine sulfides in moderate to good yields. The reaction involves the formation of C-N/C-S bond with the advantages of easy operation and wide substrates scope.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Dan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| | - Zhi-Peng Guan
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Hubei Three Gorges Laboratory, Yichang 443000, China
| | - Zhi-Bing Dong
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Hubei Three Gorges Laboratory, Yichang 443000, China
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3
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Maier L, Němečková D, Akavaram N, Kalla E, Semrád H, Matyasková O, Munzarová M, Daďová P, Kubala L, Švenda J, Paruch K. Unexpectedly Regioselective Diels-Alder Reactions of New Unsymmetrical Benzoquinones: A Convenient Synthetic Entry to Uniquely Substituted Decalins. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401068. [PMID: 38984730 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
We report flexible synthesis of new unsymmetrically 2,6-disubstituted benzoquinones (33 examples) and a systematic study of their reactivity in the Diels-Alder reaction. The Diels-Alder reactions of selected unsymmetrical benzoquinones with seemingly similar substituents were found to proceed with high regioselectivity and the formation of selected experimentally observed main products was rationalized by theoretical (DFT) calculations. The findings can be exploited in the convenient preparation of densely substituted and stereochemically defined decalins with unique angular substituents at ring fusion. We also demonstrate the usefulness of this methodology in complex molecule synthesis through the total synthesis of a novel forskolin analog possessing an ethyl group at the fusion of the rings B and C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukáš Maier
- Department of Chemistry, Masaryk University, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, 656 91, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Němečková
- Department of Chemistry, Masaryk University, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Naresh Akavaram
- Department of Chemistry, Masaryk University, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Erik Kalla
- Department of Chemistry, Masaryk University, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Hugo Semrád
- Department of Chemistry, Masaryk University, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Olivie Matyasková
- Department of Chemistry, Masaryk University, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Markéta Munzarová
- Department of Chemistry, Masaryk University, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Daďová
- Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, 612 00, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Kubala
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, 656 91, Czech Republic
- Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, 612 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Švenda
- Department of Chemistry, Masaryk University, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, 656 91, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Paruch
- Department of Chemistry, Masaryk University, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, 656 91, Czech Republic
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4
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Tao F, Li S, Phanindrudu M, Yang H, Qi Y, Luo H, Zheng J. Palladium-Catalyzed Regio- and Diastereoselective Hydro(hetero)arylation for Rapid Construction of Quaternary Center Containing Cyclobutanes. Org Lett 2024; 26:7222-7226. [PMID: 39158209 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c02645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Herein we report a Pd-catalyzed regio- and diastereoselective hydro(hetero)arylation of inactivated alkylidenecyclobutanes. This protocol provides a rapid and atom-economical route to access 3-cyclobutyl (hetero)arenes with good functionalities toleration. With the assistance of the directing group, nucleophilic attack happened on the bulkier γ-position to form the quaternary carbon center. Furthermore, the selected products exhibited antitumor bioactivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furong Tao
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, School of Ocean and Tropical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China
| | - Shuaikang Li
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, School of Ocean and Tropical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China
| | - Mandalaparthi Phanindrudu
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, School of Ocean and Tropical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China
| | - Haifei Yang
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, School of Ocean and Tropical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China
| | - Yi Qi
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, School of Ocean and Tropical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China
| | - Hui Luo
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, School of Ocean and Tropical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China
| | - Jia Zheng
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, School of Ocean and Tropical Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China
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5
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Surgenor RR, Lee H. Synthesis of (Hetero)biaryls via Nickel Catalyzed Reductive Cross-Electrophile Coupling Between (Hetero)aryl Iodides and Bromides. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401552. [PMID: 38723102 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
(Hetero)biaryls are fundamental building blocks in the pharmaceutical industry and rapid access to these scaffolds is imperative for the success of numerous medicinal chemistry campaigns. Herein, a highly general, mild, and chemoselective reductive cross-electrophile coupling between (hetero)aryl iodides and heteroaryl bromides is reported. By employing more reactive (hetero)aryl halides, a broad range of successful substrates (45 examples) were identified. The reaction was also found to be chemoselective for C(sp2)-C(sp2) bond formation between (hetero)aryl iodides and bromides over (hetero)aryl chlorides, which were generally inert under the described reaction conditions. The efficiency of the procedure is also further demonstrated in parallel synthesis library format, on gram scale, as well as in the formal synthesis of Ruxolitinib, a potent JAK inhibitor. As such, we anticipate this method will find widespread utility in the assembly of (hetero)biaryls for medicinal chemistry efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hyelee Lee
- H3 Biomedicine Inc., 300 Technology Square, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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6
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Zhou Y, Wu Z, Xu J, Zhang Z, Zheng H, Zhu G. Fluorine-Effect-Enabled Photocatalytic 4-Exo-Trig Cyclization Cascade to Access Fluoroalkylated Cyclobutanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202405678. [PMID: 38739309 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202405678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Cyclobutanes are popular structural units in bioactive compounds and versatile intermediates in synthetic chemistry, but their synthesis is challenging owing to high ring strain. In this study, a novel method for highly regio- and diastereoselective synthesis of fluoroalkylcyclobutanes bearing vicinal quaternary and tertiary stereocenters is realized by a photocatalytic 4-exo-trig cyclization cascade of thioalkynes or trifluoromethylalkenes. Density functional theory calculations reveal that a unique fluorine effect, arising from hyperconjugative π→σ*C-F interactions, accounts for the regio-reversed radical addition at the sterically hindered alkene carbon, which facilitates an unprecedented 4-exo-trig ring closure. This chemistry enables the direct and controllable construction of medicinally valuable quaternary-carbon-containing cyclobutanes from readily available raw materials, nicely complementing the existing methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, 321004, P. R. China
| | - Zhenzhen Wu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, 321004, P. R. China
| | - Jinming Xu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, 321004, P. R. China
| | - Zuxiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, 321004, P. R. China
| | - Hanliang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, 321004, P. R. China
| | - Gangguo Zhu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Road, Jinhua, 321004, P. R. China
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7
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Raji Reddy C, Islam J, Nagendraprasad T, Ajaykumar U. Electrochemical selenylative ipso-annulation of N-benzylacrylamides to construct seleno-azaspiro[4.5]decadienones. Org Biomol Chem 2024. [PMID: 39011907 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00805g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we present the electrochemical synthesis of selenylated azaspiro[4.5]decadienones through domino selenylation/ipso-annulation of N-benzylacrylamides with diselenides. The method showed a wide substrate scope under mild and external oxidant-free reaction conditions, involving the construction of C-Se and C-C bonds. Gram-scale synthesis and further functional group conversion of the product are also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chada Raji Reddy
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad - 500007, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India
| | - Jannatul Islam
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad - 500007, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India
| | - Thallamapuram Nagendraprasad
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad - 500007, India.
| | - Uprety Ajaykumar
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad - 500007, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India
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8
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Wu H, Wang J, Jing H, Zhang Z, Ou W, Su C. Base-Mediated Divergent Synthesis of Spiro-heterocycles Using Pronucleophiles and Ethylene via Thianthrenation. Org Lett 2024; 26:5415-5419. [PMID: 38917369 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Spirocyclic compounds are abundant in biologically active products. However, the divergent synthesis of spirocyclic compounds using low-cost and abundant available starting materials remains a challenge. Herein, we report an effective method for producing spirocyclic motifs using a cyclic β-carbonyl ester or amide and ethylene via thianthrenation. This strategy highlights the exciting possibility of utilizing abundant ethylene as a C-2 synthon and allows regulating the core structure of the spirocyclic compound by simply altering the base type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongru Wu
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Jie Wang
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Haochuan Jing
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Zhaofei Zhang
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Wei Ou
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Chenliang Su
- International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
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9
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López-Francés A, Serna-Burgos Z, Del Corte X, de Los Santos JM, de Cózar A, Vicario J. Exploring the Reactivity of Rigid 1-Azadienes Derived from Methylene γ-Lactams. Applications to the Stereoselective Synthesis of Spiro-γ-Lactams. J Org Chem 2024; 89:9502-9515. [PMID: 38901015 PMCID: PMC11232019 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
A study on the reactivity of rigid 1-azadienes derived from methylene γ-lactams is reported. Through the functionalization of 1-amino α,β-unsaturated γ-lactam derivatives, easily available from a multicomponent reaction of amines, aldehydes, and pyruvates, it is possible to in situ generate rigid 1-azadienes locked by a γ-lactam core. The 4π-electron system of those rigid 1-azadienes can behave as both diene and dienophile species through a spontaneous cyclodimerization reaction or exclusively as dienes or dienophiles if they are trapped with imines or cyclopentadiene, respectively. The use of chiral rigid 1-azadienes as dienophiles in the cycloaddition reaction with cyclopentadiene leads to the formation of spiro-γ-lactams bearing four stereogenic centers in a highly stereospecific manner, reporting the first example of the use of methylene-γ-lactams in the synthesis of spirocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián López-Francés
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU. Paseo de la Universidad 7, Vitoria-Gasteiz 01006, Spain
| | - Zuriñe Serna-Burgos
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU. Paseo de la Universidad 7, Vitoria-Gasteiz 01006, Spain
| | - Xabier Del Corte
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU. Paseo de la Universidad 7, Vitoria-Gasteiz 01006, Spain
| | - Jesús M de Los Santos
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU. Paseo de la Universidad 7, Vitoria-Gasteiz 01006, Spain
| | - Abel de Cózar
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Donostia International Physics Centre (DIPC), University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU. Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal, 3, Donostia-San Sebastián 20018, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, Bilbao 48009, Spain
| | - Javier Vicario
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU. Paseo de la Universidad 7, Vitoria-Gasteiz 01006, Spain
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10
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Liang Y, Bian T, Yadav K, Zhou Q, Zhou L, Sun R, Zhang Z. Selective 1,4-syn-Addition to Cyclic 1,3-Dienes via Hybrid Palladium Catalysis. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2024; 10:1191-1200. [PMID: 38947211 PMCID: PMC11212138 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.4c00094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
1,4-cis-Disubstituted cyclic compounds play a pivotal role in pharmaceutical development, offering enhanced potency and bioavailability. However, their stereoselective and modular synthesis remains a long-standing challenge. Here, we report an innovative strategy for accessing these structures via mild conditions employing cyclic 1,3-dienes/alkyl(aryl)halides and amines. This procedure exhibits a wide substrate scope that tolerates various functional groups. The utility of this method is demonstrated in the efficient synthesis of a TRPV6 inhibitor, CFTR modulator, and other bioactive molecules. Combined experimental and computational studies suggest that the hybrid palladium-catalyzed radical-polar crossover mechanism is crucial for achieving exceptional 1,4-syn-addition selectivity (dr > 20:1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liang
- Key
Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials,
College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321017, China
| | - Tiancen Bian
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Hawai’i
at Ma̅noa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
| | - Komal Yadav
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Hawai’i
at Ma̅noa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
| | - Qixin Zhou
- Key
Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials,
College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321017, China
| | - Liejin Zhou
- Key
Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials,
College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321017, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Hawai’i
at Ma̅noa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
| | - Zuxiao Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials,
College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321017, China
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Hawai’i
at Ma̅noa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
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11
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Zhu S, Huang W, Liu S, Yu R, Ma Y, Wang H, Zhang R, Liu B, Lan Y, Shen R. Synthesis of benzooxepane-fused cyclobutene derivatives via Pd-catalyzed cascade reactions of haloarenes and diynylic ethers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:5707-5710. [PMID: 38738645 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00999a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
A tandem palladium-catalyzed Sonogashira coupling, propargyl-allenyl isomerization, and [2+2] cycloaddition sequence between electron-deficient haloarenes and 1,8-diynylic ethers is developed. The reaction shows good functional tolerance and proceeds under mild conditions to provide a new profile of benzooxepane-fused cyclobutene derivatives in moderate to high yields with high selectivity. The reaction mechanism is validated both by experimental studies and DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shugao Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.
| | - Wenliang Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.
| | - Shihan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.
| | - Rongjing Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.
| | - Yufeng Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.
| | - Hong Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.
| | - Rui Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.
| | - Bin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.
| | - Yu Lan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.
- College of Chemistry and Institute of Green Catalysis, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ruwei Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China
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12
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Fernández DF, González-Esguevillas M, Keess S, Schäfer F, Mohr J, Shavnya A, Knauber T, Blakemore DC, MacMillan DWC. Redefining the Synthetic Logic of Medicinal Chemistry. Photoredox-Catalyzed Reactions as a General Tool for Aliphatic Core Functionalization. Org Lett 2024; 26:2702-2707. [PMID: 37094230 PMCID: PMC10680136 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c00994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
C(sp3)-rich aliphatic motifs in drug molecules are strongly associated with clinical success. Historically, the availability of compound libraries based on C(sp3)-rich cores has been limited due to the challenging direct functionalization of aliphatic rings. Instead, most small molecule drug-like libraries are diversified around central aromatic rings. Herein, we present a general approach to the synthesis of diversified libraries featuring aliphatic core rings via photoredox catalysis under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- David F. Fernández
- Merck Center for Catalysis, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States; Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - María González-Esguevillas
- Merck Center for Catalysis, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States; Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Sebastian Keess
- Merck Center for Catalysis, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Felix Schäfer
- Merck Center for Catalysis, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Jens Mohr
- Merck Center for Catalysis, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Andre Shavnya
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Thomas Knauber
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - David C. Blakemore
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - David W. C. MacMillan
- Merck Center for Catalysis, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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13
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Mondal R, Agbaria M, Cohen O, Nairoukh Z. Brook Rearrangement as Trigger for Dearomatization Reaction: Synthesis of Non-Aromatic N-Heterocycles. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303588. [PMID: 37930139 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
The [1,2]-Brook rearrangement stands as a potent technique for constructing complex molecules. In this study, we showcase its power in the dearomatization of aromatic N-heterocycles. Through a concise four-step process that integrates lithiation, nucleophilic addition, Brook rearrangement and dearomatization reaction, we demonstrate a versatile strategy for generating diverse non-aromatic N-heterocycles which exhibit ambident reactivities. Various acyl silanes, halo-pyridines, and quinolines have been explored within this context. The synthetic utility of this methodology is demonstrated through the construction of complex architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajarshi Mondal
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Mohamed Agbaria
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Orit Cohen
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Zackaria Nairoukh
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
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14
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Zhao Y, Li X, Deng WH, Wu B, Liao RZ, Zhou YG. Dearomatization of [2.2]Paracyclophane-Derived N-Sulfonylimines through Cyclopropanation with Sulfur Ylides. J Org Chem 2024; 89:321-329. [PMID: 38086000 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
An unprecedented dearomatization of [2.2]paracyclophane-derived cyclic N-sulfonylimines was conducted through cyclopropanation with sulfur ylides, giving a series of dearomative cyclopropanes with good yields. DFT calculations suggested that the dearomatization was attributed to the relatively weak aromaticity of [2.2]paracyclophane derivatives that resulted from the effect of the unique [2.2]paracyclophane skeleton and the electron-withdrawing N-sulfonyl group. Some downstream elaborations of the products were demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Hao Deng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 116024, P. R. China
| | - Bo Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, P. R. China
| | - Rong-Zhen Liao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 116024, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Gui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, P. R. China
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15
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Kiprova N, Desnoyers M, Narobe R, Klufts-Edel A, Chaud J, König B, Compain P, Kern N. Towards a General Access to 1-Azaspirocyclic Systems via Photoinduced, Reductive Decarboxylative Radical Cyclizations. Chemistry 2023:e202303841. [PMID: 38084823 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
A convenient and versatile approach to important 1-azaspirocyclic systems relevant to medicinal chemistry and natural products is reported herein. The main strategy relies on a reductive decarboxylative cyclization of redox-active esters which can be rapidly assembled from abundant cyclic azaacids and tailored acceptor sidechains, with a focus on alkyne acceptors enabling the generation of useful exo-alkene moieties. Diastereoconvergent variants were studied and could be achieved either through remote stereocontrol or conformational restriction in bicyclic carbamate substrates. Two sets of metal-free photocatalytic conditions employing inexpensive eosin Y were disclosed and studied experimentally to highlight key mechanistic divergences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Kiprova
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (LIMA), UMR 7042, Université de Strasbourg/Université de Haute-Alsace/CNRS, ECPM, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - Marine Desnoyers
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (LIMA), UMR 7042, Université de Strasbourg/Université de Haute-Alsace/CNRS, ECPM, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - Rok Narobe
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, Germany
| | - Arthur Klufts-Edel
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (LIMA), UMR 7042, Université de Strasbourg/Université de Haute-Alsace/CNRS, ECPM, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - Juliane Chaud
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (LIMA), UMR 7042, Université de Strasbourg/Université de Haute-Alsace/CNRS, ECPM, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - Burkhard König
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Universitätsstrasse 31, Germany
| | - Philippe Compain
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (LIMA), UMR 7042, Université de Strasbourg/Université de Haute-Alsace/CNRS, ECPM, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - Nicolas Kern
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications (LIMA), UMR 7042, Université de Strasbourg/Université de Haute-Alsace/CNRS, ECPM, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg, France
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16
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Saha P, Kumar R, Das S, Ansari T, Indra A, Sharma DK. Visible light induced regioselective C-3 thiocyanation of imidazoheterocycles through naphthalimide dye based photoredox catalysis. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:8471-8476. [PMID: 37843304 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01100c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
A visible light induced C-3 thiocyanation of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines by using a naphthalimide based photoredox catalyst has been reported. Tolerance of electron withdrawing and donating groups at different positions of the imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine ring led to a wide substrate accessibility of this method. This methodology is further reproducible with other heterocycles like benzo[d]imidazo[2,1-b]thiazoles, indoles, azaindoles, and anilines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Saha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, IIT-Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, 221005, India.
| | - Rohit Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, IIT-Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, 221005, India.
| | - Samarpita Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, IIT-Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, 221005, India.
| | - Toufik Ansari
- Department of Chemistry, IIT-Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, 221005, India
| | - Arindam Indra
- Department of Chemistry, IIT-Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, 221005, India
| | - Deepak K Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, IIT-Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, 221005, India.
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17
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Yang P, Wang RX, Huang XL, Cheng YZ, You SL. Enantioselective Synthesis of Cyclobutane Derivatives via Cascade Asymmetric Allylic Etherification/[2 + 2] Photocycloaddition. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:21752-21759. [PMID: 37768553 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Chiral cyclobutane presents as a popular motif in natural products and biologically active molecules, and its derivatives have been extensively used as key synthons in organic synthesis. Herein, we report an efficient synthetic method toward enantioenriched cyclobutane derivatives. The reaction proceeds in a cascade fashion involving Ir-catalyzed asymmetric allylic etherification and visible-light induced [2 + 2] cycloaddition. Readily available branched allyl acetates and cinnamyl alcohols are directly used as the substrates under mild reaction conditions, providing a broad range of chiral cyclobutanes in good yields with excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivities (up to 12:1 dr, >99% ee). It is worth noting that all substrates and catalysts were simultaneously added without any separated step in this approach. The gram-scale reaction and diverse transformations of product further enhance the potential utility of this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pusu Yang
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Rui-Xiang Wang
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xu-Lun Huang
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuan-Zheng Cheng
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Shu-Li You
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
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18
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Wang R, Du TT, Liu WQ, Liu YC, Yang YD, Hu JP, Ji M, Yang BB, Li L, Chen XG. Discovery, Optimization, and Evaluation of Novel N-(Benzimidazol-5-yl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-amine Analogues as Potent STAT3 Inhibitors for Cancer Treatment. J Med Chem 2023; 66:12373-12395. [PMID: 37594012 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is an attractive target for cancer therapy. However, identifying potent and selective STAT3 small-molecule inhibitors with drug-like properties remains challenging. Based on a scaffold combination strategy, compounds with a novel N-(benzimidazol-5-yl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-amine scaffold were designed and their inhibition of the interleukin-6 (IL-6)/JAK/STAT3 pathway was tested in HEK-Blue IL-6 reporter cells. After optimization of lead compound 12, compound 40 was identified as a selective STAT3 inhibitor that directly binds the SH2 domain to inhibit STAT3 phosphorylation, translocation, and downstream gene transcription. Compound 40 exhibited antiproliferative activities against STAT3-overactivated DU145 (IC50 value = 2.97 μM) and MDA-MB-231 (IC50 value = 3.26 μM) cancer cells and induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. In the DU145 xenograft model, compound 40 showed in vivo antitumor efficacy following intraperitoneal administration, with a tumor growth inhibition rate of 65.3% at 50 mg/kg, indicating promise for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050,China
| | - Ting-Ting Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wen-Qiang Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050,China
| | - Yi-Chen Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ya-Dong Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050,China
| | - Jin-Ping Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Non-Clinical Drug Metabolism and PK/PD Study, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ming Ji
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Bei-Bei Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050,China
| | - Li Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050,China
| | - Xiao-Guang Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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19
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Zhao H, Lin Y, Jiang M, Su B. A general catalytic synthetic strategy for highly strained methylenecyclobutanes and spiromethylenecyclobutanes. Chem Sci 2023; 14:7897-7904. [PMID: 37502320 PMCID: PMC10370550 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01103h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Highly strained methylenecyclobutanes (MCBs) are intriguing scaffolds in synthetic chemistry and drug discovery, but there is no such strategy that enables the synthesis of structurally diverse MCBs with defined stereochemistry. We report a general synthetic strategy for (boromethylene)cyclobutanes (BMCBs) and spiro-BMCBs by a challenging Cu-catalyzed highly chemo-, stereo-, and regioselective borylative cyclization of aliphatic alkynes. This strategy not only enables the installation of various functionalities at each site on the MCB skeleton with unambiguous stereochemistry but also introduces a versatile boromethylene unit that is readily transformable to a wide range of new functional groups; these features significantly expand the structural diversity of MCBs and are particularly valuable in drug discovery. The concise and divergent total syntheses of four cyclobutane-containing natural products were achieved from one common BMCB obtained by this strategy. The origin of the high regioselectivity in the borylcupration of alkynes and the high efficiency of the strained ring cyclization was also studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
| | - Yu Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
| | - Mingyu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
| | - Bo Su
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District Tianjin 300350 P. R. China
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20
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Wang K, Du X, Zhang P, Wei Z, Cao XT. Metal-free C-3 selective C(sp 2)-C(sp 3) heteroarylation of anilines with imidazo[1,2- a]pyridine derivatives via cross-dehydrogenative coupling. RSC Adv 2023; 13:21685-21689. [PMID: 37476046 PMCID: PMC10355276 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra03852a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
A general and straightforward method for the regioselective construction of C-3 heteroaryl-containing imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines via cross-dehydrogenative coupling under transition-metal-free conditions has been reported, utilizing N,N-dimethylaniline as the methylenation source and furnishing the C(sp2)-C(sp3) functionalized products in good to excellent yields. Mechanism studies indicate that a radical pathway is responsible for this transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- College of Medical Engineering & the Key Laboratory for Medical Functional Nanomaterials, Jining Medical University Jining 272067 China
| | - Xiaoxue Du
- College of Medical Engineering & the Key Laboratory for Medical Functional Nanomaterials, Jining Medical University Jining 272067 China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 311121 China
| | - Zhenjiang Wei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shandong Medicine Technician College Taian 271016 China
| | - Xian-Ting Cao
- College of Medical Engineering & the Key Laboratory for Medical Functional Nanomaterials, Jining Medical University Jining 272067 China
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21
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Abdou-Mohamed A, Aupic C, Fournet C, Parrain JL, Chouraqui G, Chuzel O. Stereoselective formation of boron-stereogenic organoboron derivatives. Chem Soc Rev 2023. [PMID: 37325998 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00163f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Four-coordinate organoboron derivatives present interesting chemical, physical, biological, electronical, and optical properties. Given the increasing demand for the synthesis of smart functional materials based on chiral organoboron compounds, the exploration of stereoselective synthesis of boron-stereogenic organo-derivatives is highly desirable. However, the stereoselective construction of organoboron compounds stereogenic at boron has been far less studied than other elements of the main group due to configurational stability concerns. Nowadays, these species are no longer elusive and configurationally stable compounds have been highlighted. The idea is to show the potential of the stereoselective building of the four-coordinate boron centre and encourage future endeavors and developments in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Clara Aupic
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France.
| | - Corentin Fournet
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France.
| | - Jean-Luc Parrain
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France.
| | - Gaëlle Chouraqui
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France.
| | - Olivier Chuzel
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France.
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22
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Reddy CR, Ajaykumar U, Kolgave DH, Ramesh R. CAN-Promoted Thiolative ipso-Annulation of Unactivated N-Benzyl Acrylamides: Access to SCN/SCF 3/SO 2Ar Containing Azaspirocycles. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37192481 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
A variety of acrylamides holding an unactivated N-benzyl group underwent dearomative ipso-cyclization induced by sulfur-centered radicals (SCN/ SCF3/ SO2Ar) in the presence of ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) as the oxidant to furnish azaspirocycles in good yields. This is the first report on ipso-dearomatization of N-benzyl acrylamides that proceeds without a substituent at the para-position of the aromatic ring. The developed conditions are also found to be suitable for substrates holding substituents such as F, NO2, OMe, OH, and OAc at the para-position. The reaction features water as the source of oxygen, is compatible with a variety of functional groups, and proceeds in a short time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chada Raji Reddy
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India
| | - Uprety Ajaykumar
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India
| | - Dattahari H Kolgave
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India
| | - Remya Ramesh
- Department of Organic Synthesis & Process Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, India
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23
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Huang FH, Li MJ, He ZY, Zhu QY, Huang ZM, Li QH, Xu H, Zhang Z. Aerobic CuBr 2-Catalyzed Oxidative Coupling Reaction of Amidines with Exocyclic α,β-Unsaturated Cycloketones for the Synthesis of Spiroimidazolines. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37155411 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
A CuBr2-catalyzed cascade reaction of amidines with exocyclic α,β-unsaturated cycloketones was developed, affording a large variety of spiroimidazolines in moderate to excellent yields. The reaction process involved the Michael addition and copper(II)-catalyzed aerobic oxidative coupling, in which O2 from air acted as the oxidant and H2O was the sole byproduct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Hong Huang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Jun Li
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China
| | - Zeng-Yang He
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Anhui Industrial Co., Ltd., 9 Tianda Road, Hefei 230088, P. R. China
| | - Qi-Yue Zhu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China
| | - Ze-Ming Huang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China
| | - Qing-Hai Li
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China
| | - Hui Xu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China
| | - Ze Zhang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China
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24
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Chernykh AV, Kudryk OV, Olifir OS, Dobrydnev AV, Rusanov E, Moskvina VS, Volochnyuk DM, Grygorenko OO. Expanding the Chemical Space of 1,2-Difunctionalized Cyclobutanes. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 36780233 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
An efficient approach to the synthesis of previously unavailable or hardly accessible 1,2-difunctionalized cyclobutanes (mostly with NH2/NHBoc, OH, SH, or SO2F groups attached to the carbocycle either directly or via a CH2 unit) relying on the divergent strategy is described. This class of compounds provides sp3-enriched and conformationally restricted building blocks that are of special demand for medicinal chemistry. The target compounds were prepared not only as pure racemic (±)-cis- and (±)-trans-diastereomers but in some cases also as single enantiomers. The developed procedures are readily scaled up and allow obtaining the target compounds on an up to hundred-gram scale. On the basis of the results of 20 X-ray diffraction experiments, structural characterization of the 1,2-difunctionalized cyclobutane core was performed using the extended Cremer-Pople puckering parameters and exit vector (EVP) plots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton V Chernykh
- Enamine Ltd. (www.enamine.net), Chervonotkatska Street 78, Kyïv 02094, Ukraine.,Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street 60, Kyïv 01601, Ukraine
| | - Oleksandr V Kudryk
- Enamine Ltd. (www.enamine.net), Chervonotkatska Street 78, Kyïv 02094, Ukraine.,Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street 60, Kyïv 01601, Ukraine
| | - Oleksandr S Olifir
- Enamine Ltd. (www.enamine.net), Chervonotkatska Street 78, Kyïv 02094, Ukraine.,V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry at National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Akademik Kukhar Street 1, Kyïv 02094, Ukraine
| | - Alexey V Dobrydnev
- Enamine Ltd. (www.enamine.net), Chervonotkatska Street 78, Kyïv 02094, Ukraine.,Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street 60, Kyïv 01601, Ukraine
| | - Eduard Rusanov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry at National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Akademik Kukhar Street 5, Kyïv 02094, Ukraine.,Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Viktoriia S Moskvina
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street 60, Kyïv 01601, Ukraine.,V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry at National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Akademik Kukhar Street 1, Kyïv 02094, Ukraine
| | - Dmitriy M Volochnyuk
- Enamine Ltd. (www.enamine.net), Chervonotkatska Street 78, Kyïv 02094, Ukraine.,Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street 60, Kyïv 01601, Ukraine.,Institute of Organic Chemistry at National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Akademik Kukhar Street 5, Kyïv 02094, Ukraine
| | - Oleksandr O Grygorenko
- Enamine Ltd. (www.enamine.net), Chervonotkatska Street 78, Kyïv 02094, Ukraine.,Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street 60, Kyïv 01601, Ukraine
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25
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De S, Chowdhury C. Substrate-Controlled Product Divergence in Iron(III)-Catalyzed Reactions of Propargylic Alcohols: Easy Access to Spiro-indenyl 1,4-Benzoxazines and 2-(2,2-Diarylvinyl)quinoxalines. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203993. [PMID: 36651187 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
We report herein unprecedented cascade reactions of O-propargyl-N-tosyl-amino phenols with 10 mol% FeCl3 in DCE at room temperature for 0.67-3 h to form spiro-indenyl 1,4-benzoxazines with 38-89 % yield. Replacing the substrates' oxygen atom by a N-tosylimine group followed by treatment with the same catalyst and solvent at 80 °C produced 2-(2,2-diarylvinyl)quinoxalines in 12-20 h with up to 62 % yield. Mechanistic understanding provided an insight into the transformations. The use of simple substrates and an environmentally benign low-cost catalyst, broad substrate scope and tolerance of diverse functional groups makes the methodology inherently attractive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya De
- Organic & Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Chinmay Chowdhury
- Organic & Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, 700032, India
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26
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Yokoe H, Kiriyama A, Shimoda M, Nakajima S, Hashizume Y, Endo Y, Iwamoto R, Tsubuki M, Kanoh N. Cis-Selective Double Spirocyclization via Dearomatization and Isomerization under Thermodynamic Control. J Org Chem 2023; 88:1803-1814. [PMID: 36632764 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c02225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Spiro compounds have been considered key scaffolds for pharmaceutical applications. Although many synthetic methods exist for monospirocycles, fewer approaches are known for dispirocycles. Here, we report a highly cis-selective method for constructing a 5/6/5-dispirocyclic structure containing pyrrolidine and γ-lactam rings with various substituents from a series of N-arylpropiolamides. The high cis-selectivity would result from isomerization under thermodynamic control. Cis- and trans-diastereomers can be in equilibrium, favoring cis-adducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromasa Yokoe
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Akiko Kiriyama
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Miho Shimoda
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Satoru Nakajima
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Yuna Hashizume
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Yuto Endo
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Ryoko Iwamoto
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Tsubuki
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Naoki Kanoh
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, Hoshi University, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
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27
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Abell J, Bold CP, Vicens L, Jentsch T, Velasco N, Tyler JL, Straker RN, Noble A, Aggarwal VK. Synthesis of Dihydropyridine Spirocycles by Semi-Pinacol-Driven Dearomatization of Pyridines. Org Lett 2023; 25:400-404. [PMID: 36626565 PMCID: PMC9872164 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c04095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The identification of the beneficial pharmacokinetic properties of aza-spirocycles has led to the routine incorporation of these highly rigid and three-dimensional structures in pharmaceuticals. Herein, we report an operationally simple synthesis of spirocyclic dihydropyridines via an electrophile-induced dearomative semi-pinacol rearrangement of 4-(1'-hydroxycyclobutyl)pyridines. The various points for diversification of the spirocyclization precursors, as well as the synthetic utility of the amine and ketone functionalities in the products, provide the potential to rapidly assemble medicinally relevant spirocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph
C. Abell
- School
of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, BristolBS8 1TS, U.K.
| | - Christian P. Bold
- School
of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, BristolBS8 1TS, U.K.
| | - Laia Vicens
- School
of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, BristolBS8 1TS, U.K.
| | - Tom Jentsch
- School
of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, BristolBS8 1TS, U.K.
| | - Noelia Velasco
- School
of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, BristolBS8 1TS, U.K.
| | - Jasper L. Tyler
- School
of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, BristolBS8 1TS, U.K.
| | | | - Adam Noble
- School
of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, BristolBS8 1TS, U.K.
| | - Varinder K. Aggarwal
- School
of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, BristolBS8 1TS, U.K.,
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28
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Tian J, Zhao L, Yang C, Yang C, Guo L, Xia W. Four-Component Synthesis of Spiro-Imidazolidines Enabled by Carbon Nitride Photocatalysis. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c04453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Tian
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Lulu Zhao
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Chuan Yang
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Chao Yang
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Lin Guo
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wujiong Xia
- State Key Lab of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
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29
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Candito DA, Simov V, Gulati A, Kattar S, Chau RW, Lapointe BT, Methot JL, DeMong DE, Graham TH, Kurukulasuriya R, Keylor MH, Tong L, Morriello GJ, Acton JJ, Pio B, Liu W, Scott JD, Ardolino MJ, Martinot TA, Maddess ML, Yan X, Gunaydin H, Palte RL, McMinn SE, Nogle L, Yu H, Minnihan EC, Lesburg CA, Liu P, Su J, Hegde LG, Moy LY, Woodhouse JD, Faltus R, Xiong T, Ciaccio P, Piesvaux JA, Otte KM, Kennedy ME, Bennett DJ, DiMauro EF, Fell MJ, Neelamkavil S, Wood HB, Fuller PH, Ellis JM. Discovery and Optimization of Potent, Selective, and Brain-Penetrant 1-Heteroaryl-1 H-Indazole LRRK2 Kinase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease. J Med Chem 2022; 65:16801-16817. [PMID: 36475697 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) kinase activity represents a genetically supported, chemically tractable, and potentially disease-modifying mechanism to treat Parkinson's disease. Herein, we describe the optimization of a novel series of potent, selective, central nervous system (CNS)-penetrant 1-heteroaryl-1H-indazole type I (ATP competitive) LRRK2 inhibitors. Type I ATP-competitive kinase physicochemical properties were integrated with CNS drug-like properties through a combination of structure-based drug design and parallel medicinal chemistry enabled by sp3-sp2 cross-coupling technologies. This resulted in the discovery of a unique sp3-rich spirocarbonitrile motif that imparted extraordinary potency, pharmacokinetics, and favorable CNS drug-like properties. The lead compound, 25, demonstrated exceptional on-target potency in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, excellent off-target kinase selectivity, and good brain exposure in rat, culminating in a low projected human dose and a pre-clinical safety profile that warranted advancement toward pre-clinical candidate enabling studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Candito
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Vladimir Simov
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Anmol Gulati
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Solomon Kattar
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Ryan W Chau
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Blair T Lapointe
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Joey L Methot
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Duane E DeMong
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Thomas H Graham
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Ravi Kurukulasuriya
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Mitchell H Keylor
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Ling Tong
- Merck & Co., Inc., 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey07033, United States
| | - Gregori J Morriello
- Merck & Co., Inc., 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey07033, United States
| | - John J Acton
- Merck & Co., Inc., 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey07033, United States
| | - Barbara Pio
- Merck & Co., Inc., 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey07033, United States
| | - Weiguo Liu
- Merck & Co., Inc., 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey07033, United States
| | - Jack D Scott
- Merck & Co., Inc., 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey07033, United States
| | - Michael J Ardolino
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Theodore A Martinot
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Matthew L Maddess
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Xin Yan
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Hakan Gunaydin
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Rachel L Palte
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Spencer E McMinn
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Lisa Nogle
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Hongshi Yu
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Ellen C Minnihan
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Charles A Lesburg
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Ping Liu
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Jing Su
- Merck & Co., Inc., 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey07033, United States
| | - Laxminarayan G Hegde
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Lily Y Moy
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Janice D Woodhouse
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Robert Faltus
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Tina Xiong
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Paul Ciaccio
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Jennifer A Piesvaux
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Karin M Otte
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Matthew E Kennedy
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | | | - Erin F DiMauro
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Matthew J Fell
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - Santhosh Neelamkavil
- Merck & Co., Inc., 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey07033, United States
| | - Harold B Wood
- Merck & Co., Inc., 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey07033, United States
| | - Peter H Fuller
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
| | - J Michael Ellis
- Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts02115, United States
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30
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Sharma R, Chaudhary S. Regiodivergent Cu-Promoted, AcOH-Switchable Distal Versus Proximal Direct Cyanation of 1-Aryl-1 H-indazoles and 2-Aryl-2 H-indazoles via Aerobic Oxidative C-H Bond Activation. J Org Chem 2022; 87:16188-16203. [PMID: 36417354 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A copper-promoted regiodivergent, AcOH-switchable, distal and proximal direct cyanation of N-aryl-(1H/2H)-indazoles via aerobic oxidative C(sp2)-H bond activation has been developed. The inclusion or exclusion of AcOH as an additive is the foremost cause for the positional switch in the C-CN bond formation method that results in (C-2')-cyanated 2-aryl-2H-indazoles 3a-j, (C-2')-cyanated 1-aryl-1H-indazoles 4a-j [distal], or C-3 cyanated 2-aryl-2H-indazoles 5a-i [proximal] products in good to excellent yields and showed various functional group tolerance. The cyanide (CN-) ion surrogate was generated via the unification of dimethylformamide and ammonium iodide (NH4I). The utilization of molecular oxygen (aerobic oxidative strategy) as a clean and safe oxidant is liable for generous value addition. The further pertinence of the developed protocol has been demonstrated by transforming the synthesized cyanated product into numerous other functional groups, which will, undoubtedly, accomplish utilization in the synthetic area of biologically important compounds and medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Sharma
- Laboratory of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Marg, Jaipur 302017, India
| | - Sandeep Chaudhary
- Laboratory of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Marg, Jaipur 302017, India.,Laboratory of Bioactive Heterocycles and Catalysis, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli (Transit Campus), Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Near CRPF Base Camp, Sarojini Nagar, Lucknow 226002, India
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31
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Bai G, Yang Y, Wang X, Wu J, Wang H, Ye X, Bao X. DBU Promoted Polysubstituted Arene Formation via a Michael Addition/Cyclization/Elimination Cascade Reaction. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238167. [PMID: 36500260 PMCID: PMC9738611 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The straightforward construction of polysubstituted arenes is essential in both synthetic chemistry and medicinal chemistry. Herein, we reported a DBU promoted Michael addition/cyclization/elimination cascade reaction between vinylogous malononitrile derivatives and chlorinated nitrostyrenes for the synthesis of polysubstituted arenes. The method features mild reaction conditions, wide substrate scope and high yield. Interestingly, preliminary study of the enantioselective version of this cascade was conducted to give chiral biaryl atropisomers with up to 40% ee through center-to-axial chirality transfer strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guishun Bai
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yang Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Xingyue Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Jiamin Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Hong Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Zhejiang International Sci-Tech Cooperation Base for the Exploitation and Utilization of Nature Product, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Correspondence: (H.W.); (X.Y.); (X.B.)
| | - Xinyi Ye
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Zhejiang International Sci-Tech Cooperation Base for the Exploitation and Utilization of Nature Product, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Correspondence: (H.W.); (X.Y.); (X.B.)
| | - Xiaoze Bao
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Zhejiang International Sci-Tech Cooperation Base for the Exploitation and Utilization of Nature Product, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Correspondence: (H.W.); (X.Y.); (X.B.)
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32
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Mansson CMF, Burns NZ. Aqueous Amine-Tolerant [2+2] Photocycloadditions of Unactivated Olefins. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:19689-19694. [PMID: 36269089 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c08778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The Kochi-Salomon reaction is the only photochemical [2+2] cycloaddition capable of combining two electronically unactivated olefins into a cyclobutane. Yet, the reaction has remained largely unexplored and suffers many drawbacks, most notably an intolerance to Lewis/Brønsted basic amines and amides. Since these groups are ubiquitous in biologically active pharmaceuticals, an amine-tolerant Kochi-Salomon reaction would greatly facilitate rapid exploration of novel drug scaffolds. Herein, we disclose a transformation that is run in water with the most widely available Cu(II) salts and mineral acids. Furthermore, we apply this methodology to synthesize a variety of amine-containing cyclobutanes, including known and novel pharmacological analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl M F Mansson
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Noah Z Burns
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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33
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Guo R, Witherspoon BP, Brown MK. Stereoselective [2+2]-Cycloadditions of chiral allenic ketones and alkenes: Applications towards the synthesis of benzocyclobutenes and endiandric acids. Tetrahedron 2022; 122:132932. [PMID: 36685046 PMCID: PMC9850822 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.132932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Cyclobutanes are important motifs that have found utility in many contexts. Prior work has demonstrated an enantioselective isomerization/stereoselective [2 + 2] as a means to access bicyclo [4.2.0] octanes. Herein, the utility of this method is demonstrated towards the synthesis of benzocyclobutenes and a key intermediate towards the endiandric acids.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - M. Kevin Brown
- Indiana University, Department of Chemistry, 800 E. Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
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34
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Laudadio G, Palkowitz MD, El-Hayek Ewing T, Baran PS. Decarboxylative Cross-Coupling: A Radical Tool in Medicinal Chemistry. ACS Med Chem Lett 2022; 13:1413-1420. [PMID: 36105339 PMCID: PMC9465705 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.2c00286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Carboxylic acids, the most versatile and ubiquitous diversity input used in medicinal chemistry for canonical polar bond constructions such as amide synthesis, can now be employed in a fundamentally different category of reaction to make C-C bonds by harnessing the power of radicals. This outlook serves as a user-guide to aid practitioners in both the design of syntheses that leverage the simplifying power of this disconnection and the precise tactics that can be employed to enable them. Taken together, this emerging area holds the potential to rapidly accelerate access to chemical space of value to modern medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Laudadio
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, Calilfornia 92037, United States
| | - Maximilian D. Palkowitz
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, Calilfornia 92037, United States
| | - Tamara El-Hayek Ewing
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, Calilfornia 92037, United States
| | - Phil S. Baran
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, Calilfornia 92037, United States
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35
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Salgueiro DC, Chi BK, Guzei IA, García‐Reynaga P, Weix DJ. Control of Redox-Active Ester Reactivity Enables a General Cross-Electrophile Approach to Access Arylated Strained Rings. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205673. [PMID: 35688769 PMCID: PMC9378488 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Strained rings are increasingly important for the design of pharmaceutical candidates, but cross-coupling of strained rings remains challenging. An attractive, but underdeveloped, approach to diverse functionalized carbocyclic and heterocyclic frameworks containing all-carbon quaternary centers is the coupling of abundant strained-ring carboxylic acids with abundant aryl halides. Herein we disclose the development of a nickel-catalyzed cross-electrophile approach that couples a variety of strained ring N-hydroxyphthalimide (NHP) esters, derived from the carboxylic acid in one step, with various aryl and heteroaryl halides under reductive conditions. The chemistry is enabled by the discovery of methods to control NHP ester reactivity, by tuning the solvent or using modified NHP esters, and the discovery that t-Bu BpyCamCN , an L2X ligand, avoids problematic side reactions. This method can be run in flow and in 96-well plates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Benjamin K. Chi
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA
| | - Ilia A. Guzei
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA
| | | | - Daniel J. Weix
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA
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36
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Verboni M, Olivieri D, Lucarini S. A recent update on new synthetic chiral compounds with antileishmanial activity. Chirality 2022; 34:1279-1297. [PMID: 35947400 PMCID: PMC9543214 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Parasitic diseases, including malaria, leishmaniasis, and trypanosomiasis, affect billions of people and are responsible for almost 500,000 deaths/year. In particular, leishmaniasis, a neglected tropical disease, is considered a global public health problem because current drugs have several drawbacks including to toxicity, high cost, and drug resistance, which result in a lack of effective and readily available therapies. Therefore, the synthesis of new, safe, and effective molecules still requires the attention of the scientific community. Moreover, it is well known that chirality plays a crucial role in the antiparasitic activity of molecules, driving the design of their synthesis. Therefore, in this review we report a recent update on new chiral compounds with promising antileishmanial activity, focusing on synthetic approaches. Where reported, in most cases the enantiopure compound has shown better potency against the protozoa than its enantiomer or corresponding racemic mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Verboni
- Department of Biomolecular Science, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Diego Olivieri
- Department of Biomolecular Science, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Simone Lucarini
- Department of Biomolecular Science, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
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37
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Ganguly S, Bhakta S, Ghosh T. Gold‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Spirocycles: Recent Advances. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202201407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Somnath Ganguly
- Department of Applied Chemistry Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology Simhat, Haringhata 741249, Nadia West Bengal India
| | - Sayantika Bhakta
- Department of Applied Chemistry Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology Simhat, Haringhata 741249, Nadia West Bengal India
| | - Tapas Ghosh
- Department of Applied Chemistry Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology Simhat, Haringhata 741249, Nadia West Bengal India
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38
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Cihan-Üstündağ G, Acar Ç, Naesens L, Erköse-Genç G, Şatana D. Synthesis of new N-(3-oxo-1-thia-4-azaspiro[4.5]decan-4-yl)pyridine-3-carboxamide derivatives and evaluation of their anti-influenza virus and antitubercular activities. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2022; 355:e2200224. [PMID: 35849096 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We here report the synthesis, structural characterization, and evaluation of the antiviral and antitubercular activities of a novel series of hybrid spirothiazolidinone derivatives (2a-f and 3a-f) containing the nicotinohydrazide moiety, which is an isomer form of the approved antitubercular drug isoniazid. When evaluated for activity against influenza A/H1N1, A/H3N2, and B viruses, three of the new compounds proved to possess specific antiviral activity against the influenza A/H3N2 virus. The most active analog 3a, bearing a 2,8-dimethyl group at the spiro ring, displayed an antiviral EC50 value of 5.2 µM. Compound 3a produced no cytotoxicity at 100 µM, the highest concentration tested, giving a selectivity index of at least 19. Structure-activity relationship analysis indicated that the absence of the methyl substituent at the 2-position and the presence of a bulky substituent at the 8-position of the spirothiazolidinone system caused a significant decrease in antiviral activity. The in vitro antitubercular activity of compounds 2a-f and 3a-f was determined for six different drug-sensitive/drug-resistant laboratory strains and clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Compounds 2c, 2d, 3b, 3c, and 3d showed weak antitubercular activity against different strains, with MIC values of 125-250 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gökçe Cihan-Üstündağ
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Çiğdem Acar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Lieve Naesens
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gonca Erköse-Genç
- Department of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilek Şatana
- Department of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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39
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Design, synthesis, in vitro, and in vivo anti-cancer evaluation of the novel spirobibenzopyrans on epithelial cancer model of Drosophila melanogaster. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02321-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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40
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Salgueiro DC, Chi BK, Guzei IA, García-Reynaga P, Weix DJ. Control of Redox‐Active Ester Reactivity Enables a General Cross‐Electrophile Approach to Access Arylated Strained Rings. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Benjamin K. Chi
- UW-Madison: University of Wisconsin Madison Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Ilia A. Guzei
- UW-Madison: University of Wisconsin Madison Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | | | - Daniel John Weix
- UW-Madison: University of Wisconsin Madison Chemistry 1101 University Avenue 53706 Madison UNITED STATES
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41
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Bozhanov VI, Bohdan DP, Borysov OV, Silin AV, Zaremba OV, Avramenko MM, Volochnyuk DM, Ryabukhin SV, Gavrilenko KS. Straightforward Synthesis of Functionalized 4,5,6,7‐Tetrahydro‐pyrazolo[1,5‐a]pyrazines – Important Building Blocks for Medicinal Chemistry. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202104287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir I. Bozhanov
- Enamine Ltd. Chervonotkatska Street 78 Kyiv 02094 Ukraine
- Institute of Organic Chemistry National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Murmanska Street 5 Kyiv 02660 Ukraine
| | | | - Oleksandr V. Borysov
- Enamine Ltd. Chervonotkatska Street 78 Kyiv 02094 Ukraine
- Institute of Organic Chemistry National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Murmanska Street 5 Kyiv 02660 Ukraine
| | | | | | - Mykola M. Avramenko
- Enamine Ltd. Chervonotkatska Street 78 Kyiv 02094 Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Volodymyrska Street 64 Kyiv 01601 Ukraine
| | - Dmitriy M. Volochnyuk
- Enamine Ltd. Chervonotkatska Street 78 Kyiv 02094 Ukraine
- Institute of Organic Chemistry National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Murmanska Street 5 Kyiv 02660 Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Volodymyrska Street 64 Kyiv 01601 Ukraine
| | - Sergey V. Ryabukhin
- Enamine Ltd. Chervonotkatska Street 78 Kyiv 02094 Ukraine
- Institute of Organic Chemistry National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Murmanska Street 5 Kyiv 02660 Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Volodymyrska Street 64 Kyiv 01601 Ukraine
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42
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Dorairaj DP, Haribabu J, Chang Y, Echeverria C, Hsu SCN, Karvembu R. Pd (II)‐PPh
3
complexes of halogen substituted acylthiourea ligands: Biomolecular interactions and
in vitro
anti‐proliferative activity. Appl Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jebiti Haribabu
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli India
- Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Atacama Copiapo Chile
| | - Yu‐Lun Chang
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan
| | | | - Sodio C. N. Hsu
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan
| | - Ramasamy Karvembu
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli India
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43
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Li Y, Li Y, Shi H, Wei H, Li H, Funes-Ardoiz I, Yin G. Modular access to substituted cyclohexanes with kinetic stereocontrol. Science 2022; 376:749-753. [PMID: 35549424 DOI: 10.1126/science.abn9124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Substituted six-membered cyclic hydrocarbons are common constituents of biologically active compounds. Although methods for the synthesis of thermodynamically favored, disubstituted cyclohexanes are well established, a reliable and modular protocol for the synthesis of their stereoisomers is still elusive. Herein, we report a general strategy for the modular synthesis of disubstituted cyclohexanes with excellent kinetic stereocontrol from readily accessible substituted methylenecyclohexanes by the implementation of chain-walking catalysis. Mechanistically, the initial introduction of a sterically demanding boron ester group adjacent to the cyclohexane is key to guiding the stereochemical outcome. The synthetic potential of this methodology has been highlighted in late-stage modification of complex bioactive molecules and in comparison with current cross-coupling techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Li
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yuqiang Li
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Hongjin Shi
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Hong Wei
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Haoyang Li
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ignacio Funes-Ardoiz
- Department of Chemistry, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química, Universidad de La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Guoyin Yin
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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44
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Xiong Y, Großkopf J, Jandl C, Bach T. Visible Light-Mediated Dearomative Hydrogen Atom Abstraction/ Cyclization Cascade of Indoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202200555. [PMID: 35213774 PMCID: PMC9314014 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202200555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The photochemical synthesis of yet unknown 2‐oxospiro[azetidine‐3,3′‐indolines] (17 examples, 80–95 % yield), 2,4‐dioxospiro[azetidine‐3,3′‐indolines] (eight examples, 87–97 % yield), and 1‐oxo‐1,3‐dihydrospiro[indene‐2,3′‐indolines] (17 examples, 85–97 % yield) is described. Starting from readily accessible 3‐substituted indoles, a dearomatization of the indole core was accomplished upon irradiation at λ=420 nm in the presence of thioxanthen‐9‐one (10 mol%) as the sensitizer. Based on mechanistic evidence (triplet energy determination, deuteration experiments, by‐product analysis) it is proposed that the reaction proceeds by energy transfer via a 1,4‐ or 1,5‐diradical intermediate. The latter intermediates are formed by excited state hydrogen atom transfer from suitable alkyl groups within the C3 substituent to the indole C2 carbon atom. Subsequent ring closure proceeds with pronounced diastereoselectivity to generate a 4‐ or 5‐membered spirocyclic dearomatized product with several options for further functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xiong
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), School of Natural Sciences, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Johannes Großkopf
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), School of Natural Sciences, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Christian Jandl
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), School of Natural Sciences, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Thorsten Bach
- Department Chemie and Catalysis Research Center (CRC), School of Natural Sciences, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85747, Garching, Germany
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45
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Azetidine synthesis enabled by photo-induced copper-catalysis via [3+1] radical cascade cyclization. Innovation (N Y) 2022; 3:100244. [PMID: 35519513 PMCID: PMC9065902 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2022.100244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Azetidines are an important type of saturated, highly strained, four-membered, nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound. These compounds serve as important raw materials, intermediates, and catalysts in organic synthesis, as well as important active units in amino acids, alkaloids, and pharmaceutically active compounds. Thus, the development of an efficient and concise method to construct azetidines is of great significance in multiple disciplines. In this work, we reported on the photo-induced copper-catalyzed radical annulation of aliphatic amines with alkynes to produce azetidines. This reaction occurred in a two- or three-component manner. The alkynes efficiently captured photogenerated α-aminoalkyl radicals, forming vinyl radicals, which initiated tandem 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer and 4-exo-trig cyclization. Density functional theory calculations indicated that the tertiary radical intermediate was critical for the success of cyclization. In addition, the resulting saturated azetidine scaffolds possessed vicinal tertiary-quaternary and even quaternary-quaternary centers. Azetidines, four-membered N-heterocyclic compounds, are valuable targets for synthesis The first [3 + 1] cyclization approach is enabled by visible-light-induced copper catalysis This atom economic synthesis is characterized by double C-H activation This technology features operational simplicity, cheap catalyst, and broad substrate scope
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46
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Wootton TL, Allwood DM. Synthesis of spirocyclic dihydropyrazoles from tosylhydrazones and electron-deficient alkenes. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:2255-2260. [PMID: 35244133 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00093h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Spirocycles represent a diverse class of molecules which have received significant attention in the pharmaceutical industry due to their broad biological activities and inherent molecular three-dimensionality. Herein, we demonstrate a procedurally simple method for the preparation of a range of spirocyclic dihydropyrazoles. The protocol utilises bench stable cyclic tosylhydrazones, which are trivial to prepare from the parent cyclic ketone without need for purification, and commercially available electron deficient alkenes. The synthetic utility of the core scaffold is also demonstrated to highlight potential for applications in medicinal chemistry and drug development programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy L Wootton
- Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Howard Street, Sheffield, S1 1WB, UK.
| | - Daniel M Allwood
- Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Howard Street, Sheffield, S1 1WB, UK.
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47
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Liang Y, Niu L, Liang X, Wang S, Wang P, Lei A. Electrooxidation‐Induced
C(sp
3
)‐H/ C(sp
2
)‐H
Radical‐Radical
Cross‐coupling between Xanthanes and Electron‐rich Arenes. CHINESE J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202200020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Liang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei 430072 China
| | - Linbin Niu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei 430072 China
| | - Xing‐An Liang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei 430072 China
| | - Shengchun Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei 430072 China
| | - Pengjie Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei 430072 China
| | - Aiwen Lei
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), Wuhan University Wuhan Hubei 430072 China
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48
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Cheng YZ, Feng Z, Zhang X, You SL. Visible-light induced dearomatization reactions. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:2145-2170. [PMID: 35212320 DOI: 10.1039/c9cs00311h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Dearomatization reactions provide rapid access to structurally complex three-dimensional molecules from simple aromatic compounds. Plenty of reports have demonstrated their utilities in the synthesis of natural products, medicinal chemistry, and materials science in the last decades. Recently, visible-light mediated photocatalysis has emerged as a powerful tool to promote many kinds of transformations. The dearomatization reactions induced by visible-light have also made significant progress during the past several years. This review provides an overview of visible-light induced dearomatization reactions classified based on the manner in which aromaticity is disrupted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Zheng Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Zuolijun Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China.
| | - Shu-Li You
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China.
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49
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Xiong Y, Großkopf J, Jandl C, Bach T. Visible Light‐Mediated Dearomative Hydrogen Atom Abstraction/ Cyclization Cascade of Indoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202200555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xiong
- Technische Universität München: Technische Universitat Munchen Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Johannes Großkopf
- Technische Universität München: Technische Universitat Munchen Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Christian Jandl
- Technische Universität München: Technische Universitat Munchen Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Thorsten Bach
- Technische Universität München Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie I Lichtenbergstr. 4 85747 Garching GERMANY
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50
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Yu JK, Czekelius C. Insights into the Gold‐catalyzed Cycloisomerization of 3‐Allyl‐1,4‐diynes for the Synthesis of Bicyclic Hydrocarbons. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jhen-Kuei Yu
- Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf: Heinrich-Heine-Universitat Dusseldorf Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Constantin Czekelius
- Heinrich-Heine-Universitat Dusseldorf Organic Chemistry II Building 26.33Room U1.33Universitaetsstrasse 1 40225 Duesseldorf GERMANY
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