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Geng X, Yuan J, Xu W, Zou D, Sun Y, Li J. YWHAB is regulated by IRX5 and inhibits the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2024; 28:469. [PMID: 39119237 PMCID: PMC11306988 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Highly metastatic and heterogeneous breast cancer affects the health of women worldwide. Abnormal expression of tyrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation protein β (YWHAB), also known as 14-3-3β, is associated with the tumorigenesis and progression of bladder cancer, lung cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma; however, to the best of our knowledge, the role of YWHAB in breast cancer remains unknown. In the present study, a dual luciferase assay demonstrated that the transcription factor iroquois homeobox 5 may regulate YWHAB expression by affecting the promoter sequence upstream of its transcription start site. Subsequently, it was demonstrated that overexpression of YWHAB did not affect proliferation, but did reduce the migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells. Furthermore, knockdown of YWHAB promoted the migration and invasion of MCF7 cells. Transcriptomics analysis demonstrated that when YWHAB was overexpressed, 61 genes were differentially expressed, of which 43 genes were upregulated and 18 genes were downregulated. These differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were enriched in cancer-related pathways, such as 'TNF signaling pathway' [Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG): map04688]. The pathway with the largest number of DEGs was 'Rheumatoid arthritis' (KEGG: map05323). Notably, YWHAB downregulated vimentin, which is a mesenchymal marker, thus suggesting that it may weaken the mesenchymal properties of cells. These findings indicate that YWHAB may be a potential therapeutic target in breast cancer and further work should be performed to assess its actions as a potential tumor suppressor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuexia Geng
- School of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P.R. China
| | - Jun Yuan
- School of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P.R. China
| | - Wenjie Xu
- School of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P.R. China
| | - Deng Zou
- School of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P.R. China
| | - Yuxuan Sun
- School of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P.R. China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P.R. China
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Akrida I, Makrygianni M, Nikou S, Mulita F, Bravou V, Papadaki H. Hippo pathway effectors YAP, TAZ and TEAD are associated with EMT master regulators ZEB, Snail and with aggressive phenotype in phyllodes breast tumors. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 262:155551. [PMID: 39153238 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phyllodes tumors (PTs) of the breast are uncommon fibroepithelial neoplasms that tend to recur locally and may have metastatic potential. Their pathogenesis is poorly understood. Hippo signaling pathway plays an essential role in organ size control, tumor suppression, tissue regeneration and stem cell self-renewal. Hippo signaling dysfunction has been implicated in cancer. Recent evidence suggests that there is cross-talk between the Hippo signaling key proteins YAP/TAZ and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) master regulators Snail and ZEB. In this study we aimed to investigate the expression of Hippo signaling pathway components and EMT regulators in PTs, in relation to tumor grade. METHODS Expression of Hippo signaling effector proteins YAP, TAZ and their DNA binding partner TEAD was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in paraffin-embedded tissue specimens from 86 human phyllodes breast tumors (45 benign, 21 borderline, 20 malignant), in comparison with tumor grade and with the expression of EMT-related transcription factors ZEB and Snail. RESULTS Nuclear immunopositivity for YAP, TAZ and TEAD was detected in both stromal and epithelial cells in PTs and was significantly higher in high grade tumors. Interestingly, there was a significant correlation between the expression of YAP, TAZ, TEAD and the expression of ZEB and SNAIL. CONCLUSIONS Our results originally implicate Hippo signaling pathway in PTs pathogenesis and suggest that an interaction between Hippo signaling key components and EMT regulators may promote the malignant features of PTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Akrida
- Department of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Rion, Greece; Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Patras, Rion, Greece.
| | - Maria Makrygianni
- Department of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Rion, Greece
| | - Sofia Nikou
- Department of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Rion, Greece
| | - Francesk Mulita
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Patras, Rion, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Bravou
- Department of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Rion, Greece
| | - Helen Papadaki
- Department of Anatomy-Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Rion, Greece
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Soltani Khaboushan A, Salimian SN, Mehraban S, Bahramy A, Zafari N, Kajbafzadeh AM, Johnson J, Majidi Zolbin M. Prognostic significance of non-coding RNAs related to the tumorigenic epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process among ovarian cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35202. [PMID: 39253159 PMCID: PMC11382180 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ovarian cancer is the seventh most prevalent cancer among women. It has high mortality and morbidity and imposes a great burden on healthcare systems worldwide. Unraveling the mechanisms behind the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and finding a panel for predicting the prognosis of the disease may help find the appropriate treatment approaches for the management of the disease. The overarching aim of this systematic review was to define a panel of different types of EMT-associated non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) with significant prognostic value in all types of ovarian cancers. Methods We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase till Jun 2024 to retrieve relevant papers. Two independent reviewers screened papers, and discrepancies were resolved by consensus. Publications related to the dysregulation of different types of ncRNAs, including microRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs, only in patients with ovarian cancer were included. The participation of ncRNAs in epithelial-mesenchymal transformation should be assessed via methods evaluating different EMT-related proteins. To assess the quality and risk of bias for the included case-control and cohort studies, refined Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) and Quadas-2 were recruited. A bivariate meta-analysis was performed to analyze extracted data. Results A total of 37 studies with overall 42 non-coding RNAs (15 microRNA, 24 long non-coding RNAs, and 3 circular RNAs) were entered into the analysis. Overall diagnostic odds ratio for ncRNAs in lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, TNM stage, and clinical stage were 4.19, 3.80, 6.52, and 3.97, respectively. Also, a hazard ratio of 1.39 (P = 0.32) for overall survival was observed. Bioinformatic analyses on the Pan-cancer database demonstrated a significant correlation between low expression of miRNA and high expression of lncRNAs with poor prognosis of ovarian cancer. Conclusion Based on the results, the defined panel of ncRNAs can properly predict prognostic factors related to EMT in ovarian cancer without involving potentially invasive methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Soltani Khaboushan
- Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Gene, Cell and Tissue Research Institute, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Nazanin Salimian
- Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Gene, Cell and Tissue Research Institute, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saghar Mehraban
- Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Gene, Cell and Tissue Research Institute, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afshin Bahramy
- Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Gene, Cell and Tissue Research Institute, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narges Zafari
- Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Gene, Cell and Tissue Research Institute, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdol-Mohammad Kajbafzadeh
- Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Gene, Cell and Tissue Research Institute, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Joshua Johnson
- Division of Reproductive Sciences, Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Masoumeh Majidi Zolbin
- Pediatric Urology and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Gene, Cell and Tissue Research Institute, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Rayford A, Gärtner F, Ramnefjell MP, Lorens JB, Micklem DR, Aanerud M, Engelsen AST. AXL expression reflects tumor-immune cell dynamics impacting outcome in non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitor monotherapy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1444007. [PMID: 39238637 PMCID: PMC11375292 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1444007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction AXL receptor expression is proposed to confer immune-checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-resistance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. We sought to interrogate AXL expression in conjunction with mutational and tumor-microenvironmental features to uncover predictive mechanisms of resistance in ICI-treated NSCLC patients. Methods Tumor samples from 111 NSCLC patients treated with ICI-monotherapy were analyzed by immunohistochemistry for tumor- and immune-AXL expression. Subsets of patients were analyzed by whole-exome sequencing (n = 44) and imaging mass cytometry (n = 14). Results were related to ICI-outcome measurements. Results Tumor-cell AXL expression correlated with aggressive phenotypic features including reduced OS in patients treated with ICIs (P = 0.04) after chemotherapy progression, but conversely associated with improved disease control (P = 0.045) in ICI-treated, PD-L1 high first-line patients. AXL+ immune-cell infiltration correlated with total immune-cell infiltration and improved overall outcomes (PFS: P = 0.044, OS: P = 0.054). Tumor-cell AXL-upregulation showed enrichment in mutations associated with PD-L1-upregulation and ICI-response such as MUC4 and ZNF469, as well as adverse mutations including CSMD1 and LRP1B which associated with an immune-suppressed tumor phenotype and poor ICI prognosis particularly within chemotherapy-treated patients. Tumor mutational burden had no effect on ICI-outcomes and was associated with a lack of tumor-infiltrating immune cells. Spatial-immunophenotyping provided evidence that tumor-cell AXL-upregulation and adverse mutations modulate the tumor microenvironment in favor of infiltrating, activated neutrophils over anti-tumor immune-subsets including CD4 and CD8 T-cells. Conclusion Tumor-cell AXL-upregulation correlated with distinct oncotypes and microenvironmental immune-profiles that define chemotherapy-induced mechanisms of ICI-resistance, which suggests the combination of AXL inhibitors with current chemoimmunotherapy regimens can benefit NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin Rayford
- Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Fabian Gärtner
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Maria P Ramnefjell
- Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - James B Lorens
- Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Marianne Aanerud
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Agnete S T Engelsen
- Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Feng P, Liu S, Yuan G, Pan Y. Association of M2 macrophages with EMT in glioma identified through combination of multi-omics and machine learning. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34119. [PMID: 39145022 PMCID: PMC11320150 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The incidence of glioma, a prevalent brain malignancy, is increasing, particularly among the elderly population. This study aimed to elucidate the clinical importance of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in gliomas and its association with malignancy and prognosis. Background The incidence of glioma, particularly among elderly individuals, is on the rise. The malignancy of glioma is determined not only by the oncogenic properties of tumor cells but also by the composition of the tumor microenvironment, which includes immune system macrophages. The prevalence of M2-type macrophages typically fosters tumor progression, yet the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Our study explored the clinical importance of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in gliomas and its association with malignancy and prognosis. Methods Our study used the gene set variation analysis (GSVA) algorithm to classify different levels of EMT activation based on the transcriptomic and multi-omics data. Machine learning (ML) and single-cell analysis were integrated into our model for comprehensive analysis. A predictive model was constructed and in vitro experiments were performed to validate our findings. Results Our study classified 1,641 samples into two clusters based on EMT activation: the EMT-hot group and the EMT-cold group. The EMT-hot group had elevated copy number loss, tumor mutational burden (TMB), and a poorer survival rate. Conversely, the EMT-cold group showed a better survival rate, likely attributed to lower stromal and immune cell scores, as well as decreased expression of human leukocyte antigen-related genes. Driving genes were identified through weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) and dimensionality reduction techniques. These genes were then utilized in the construction of a prognostic model using ML and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. Furthermore, the impact of the core genes identified through single-cell analysis on glioma prognosis was examined. Conclusion Our research underscores the efficacy of our model in predicting glioma prognosis and elucidates the connection between the M2 macrophages and EMT. Additionally, core genes such as LY96, C1QB, LGALS1, CSPG5, S100A8, and CHGB were identified as pivotal for mediating the occurrence of EMT induced by M2 macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Feng
- The Second Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, PR China
| | - Shangyu Liu
- The Second Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, PR China
| | - Guoqiang Yuan
- The Second Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, PR China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, PR China
| | - Yawen Pan
- The Second Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, PR China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730030, PR China
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Mounieb F, Abdel-Sattar SA, Balah A, Akool ES. P2 X 7 receptor is a critical regulator of extracellular ATP-induced profibrotic genes expression in rat kidney: implication of transforming growth factor-β/Smad signaling pathway. Purinergic Signal 2024; 20:421-430. [PMID: 37934321 PMCID: PMC11303607 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-023-09977-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the potential of extracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) via the P2 X 7 receptor to activate the renal fibrotic processes in rats. The present study demonstrates that administration of ATP rapidly activated transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) to induce phosphorylation of Smad-2/3. Renal connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) mRNA and protein expressions were also increased following ATP administration. A decrease in TGF-β amount in serum as well as renal Smad-2/3 phosphorylation was noticed in animals pre-treated with the specific antagonist of P2 X 7 receptor, A 438,079. In addition, a significant reduction in mRNA and protein expression of CTGF and TIMP-1were also observed in the kidneys of those animals. Collectively, the current findings demonstrate that ATP has the ability to augment TGF-β-mediated Smad-2/3 phosphorylation and enhance the expression of the pro-fibrotic genes, CTGF and TIMP-1, an effect that is largely mediated via P2 X 7 receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Mounieb
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, 11751 El Nasr St, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Somaia A Abdel-Sattar
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, 11751 El Nasr St, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amany Balah
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, 11751 El Nasr St, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - El-Sayed Akool
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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Khan IR, Sadida HQ, Hashem S, Singh M, Macha MA, Al-Shabeeb Akil AS, Khurshid I, Bhat AA. Therapeutic implications of signaling pathways and tumor microenvironment interactions in esophageal cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116873. [PMID: 38843587 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is significantly influenced by the tumor microenvironment (TME) and altered signaling pathways. Downregulating these pathways in EC is essential for suppressing tumor development, preventing metastasis, and enhancing therapeutic outcomes. This approach can increase tumor sensitivity to treatments, enhance patient outcomes, and inhibit cancer cell proliferation and spread. The TME, comprising cellular and non-cellular elements surrounding the tumor, significantly influences EC's development, course, and treatment responsiveness. Understanding the complex relationships within the TME is crucial for developing successful EC treatments. Immunotherapy is a vital TME treatment for EC. However, the heterogeneity within the TME limits the application of anticancer drugs outside clinical settings. Therefore, identifying reliable microenvironmental biomarkers that can detect therapeutic responses before initiating therapy is crucial. Combining approaches focusing on EC signaling pathways with TME can enhance treatment outcomes. This integrated strategy aims to interfere with essential signaling pathways promoting cancer spread while disrupting factors encouraging tumor development. Unraveling aberrant signaling pathways and TME components can lead to more focused and efficient treatment approaches, identifying specific cellular targets for treatments. Targeting the TME and signaling pathways may reduce metastasis risk by interfering with mechanisms facilitating cancer cell invasion and dissemination. In conclusion, this integrative strategy has significant potential for improving patient outcomes and advancing EC research and therapy. This review discusses the altered signaling pathways and TME in EC, focusing on potential future therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inamu Rashid Khan
- Department of Zoology, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, Jammu and Kashmir 191201, India
| | - Hana Q Sadida
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar
| | - Sheema Hashem
- Department of Human Genetics, Sidra Medicine Doha 26999, Qatar
| | - Mayank Singh
- Department of Medical Oncology (Lab), Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Muzafar A Macha
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Jammu and Kashmir 192122, India
| | - Ammira S Al-Shabeeb Akil
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar
| | - Ibraq Khurshid
- Department of Zoology, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, Jammu and Kashmir 191201, India.
| | - Ajaz A Bhat
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar.
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Kural S, Jain G, Agarwal S, Das P, Kumar L. Urinary extracellular vesicles-encapsulated miRNA signatures: A new paradigm for urinary bladder cancer diagnosis and classification. Urol Oncol 2024; 42:179-190. [PMID: 38594151 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2024.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BCa) stands as prevalent malignancy of the urinary system globally, especially among men. The clinical classification of BCa into non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is crucial for prognosis and treatment decisions. However, challenges persist in current diagnostic methods like Urine cytopathology that shows poor sensitivity therefore compromising on accurately diagnosing and monitoring BCa. In recent years, research has emphasized the importance of identifying urine and blood-based specific biomarkers for BCa that can enable early and precise diagnosis, effective tumor classification, and monitoring. The convenient proximity of urine with the urinary bladder epithelium makes urine a good source of noninvasive biomarkers, in particular urinary EVs because of the packaged existence of tumor-associated molecules. Therefore, the review assesses the potential of urinary extracellular vesicles (uEVs) as noninvasive biomarkers for BCa. We have elaborately reviewed and discussed the research that delves into the role of urinary EVs in the context of BCa diagnosis and classification. Extensive research has been dedicated to investigating differential microRNA (miRNA) expressions, with the goal of establishing distinct, noninvasive biomarkers for BCa. The identification of such biomarkers has the potential to revolutionize early detection, risk stratification, therapeutic interventions, and ultimately, the long-term prognosis of BCa patients. Despite notable advancements, inconsistencies persist in the biomarkers identified, methodologies employed, and study populations. This review meticulously compiles reported miRNA biomarkers, critically assessing the variability and discrepancies observed in existing research. By synthesizing these findings, the article aims to direct future studies toward a more cohesive and dependable approach in BCa biomarker identification, fostering progress in patient care and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhad Kural
- Department of Urology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Garima Jain
- Centre for Genetic Disorders, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Sakshi Agarwal
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Parimal Das
- Centre for Genetic Disorders, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Lalit Kumar
- Department of Urology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
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Nepal MR, Shah S, Kang KT. Dual roles of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in various diseases: a review. Arch Pharm Res 2024; 47:597-616. [PMID: 39008186 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-024-01504-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous population of cells that originate from bone marrow stem cells. In pathological conditions, such as autoimmune disorders, allergies, infections, and cancer, normal myelopoiesis is altered to facilitate the formation of MDSCs. MDSCs were first shown to promote cancer initiation and progression by immunosuppression with the assistance of various chemokines and cytokines. Recently, various studies have demonstrated that MDSCs play two distinct roles depending on the physiological and pathological conditions. MDSCs have protective roles in autoimmune disorders (such as uveoretinitis, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, type 1 diabetes, autoimmune hepatitis, inflammatory bowel disease, alopecia areata, and systemic lupus erythematosus), allergies, and organ transplantation. However, they play negative roles in infections and various cancers. Several immunosuppressive functions and mechanisms of MDSCs have been determined in different disease conditions. This review comprehensively discusses the associations between MDSCs and various pathological conditions and briefly describes therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Raj Nepal
- College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
- Duksung Innovative Drug Center, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sajita Shah
- College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
- Duksung Innovative Drug Center, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kyu-Tae Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea.
- Duksung Innovative Drug Center, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea.
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Fang Y, Wang Y, Ma H, Guo Y, Xu R, Chen X, Chen X, Lv Y, Li P, Gao Y. TFAP2A downregulation mediates tumor-suppressive effect of miR-8072 in triple-negative breast cancer via inhibiting SNAI1 transcription. Breast Cancer Res 2024; 26:103. [PMID: 38890750 PMCID: PMC11186287 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-024-01858-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents a highly aggressive subset of breast malignancies characterized by its challenging clinical management and unfavorable prognosis. While TFAP2A, a member of the AP-2 transcription factor family, has been implicated in maintaining the basal phenotype of breast cancer, its precise regulatory role in TNBC remains undefined. METHODS In vitro assessments of TNBC cell growth and migratory potential were conducted using MTS, colony formation, and EdU assays. Quantitative PCR was employed to analyze mRNA expression levels, while Western blot was utilized to evaluate protein expression and phosphorylation status of AKT and ERK. The post-transcriptional regulation of TFAP2A by miR-8072 and the transcriptional activation of SNAI1 by TFAP2A were investigated through luciferase reporter assays. A xenograft mouse model was employed to assess the in vivo growth capacity of TNBC cells. RESULTS Selective silencing of TFAP2A significantly impeded the proliferation and migration of TNBC cells, with elevated TFAP2A expression observed in breast cancer tissues. Notably, TNBC patients exhibiting heightened TFAP2A levels experienced abbreviated overall survival. Mechanistically, TFAP2A was identified as a transcriptional activator of SNAI1, a crucial regulator of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cellular proliferation, thereby augmenting the oncogenic properties of TFAP2A in TNBC. Moreover, miR-8072 was unveiled as a negative regulator of TFAP2A, exerting potent inhibitory effects on TNBC cell growth and migration. Importantly, the tumor-suppressive actions mediated by the miR-8072/TFAP2A axis were intricately associated with the attenuation of AKT/ERK signaling cascades and the blockade of EMT processes. CONCLUSIONS Our findings unravel the role and underlying molecular mechanism of TFAP2A in driving tumorigenesis of TNBC. Targeting the TFAP2A/SNAI1 pathway and utilizing miR-8072 as a suppressor represent promising therapeutic strategies for treating TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Fang
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yali Wang
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Hongning Ma
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Central Laboratory of People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yuqi Guo
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Rongrong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xixi Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuehua Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye Lv
- Oncology Department of Cancer Hospital, General Hospital, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.
| | - Pu Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yujing Gao
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Metabolic Cardiovascular Diseases Research, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.
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11
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Wang J, Gu Q, Liu Y, Huang X, Zhang J, Liu B, Li R, Linghu H. Low PDE4A expression promoted the progression of ovarian cancer by inducing Snail nuclear translocation. Exp Cell Res 2024; 439:114100. [PMID: 38797258 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.114100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Widespread metastasis is the primary reason for the high mortality associated with ovarian cancer (OC), and effective targeted therapy for tumor aggressiveness is still insufficient in clinical practice. Therefore, it is urgent to find new targets to improve prognosis of patients. PDE4A is a cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase that plays a crucial role in the occurrence and development in various malignancies. Our study firstly reported the function of PDE4A in OC. Expression of PDE4A was validated through bioinformatics analysis, RT-qPCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry. Additionally, its impact on cell growth and motility was assessed via in vitro and in vivo experiments. PDE4A was downregulated in OC tissues compared with normal tissues and low PDE4A expression was correlated with poor clinical outcomes in OC patients. The knockdown of PDE4A significantly promoted the proliferation, migration and invasion of OC cells while overexpression of PDE4A resulted in the opposite effect. Furthermore, smaller and fewer tumor metastatic foci were observed in mice bearing PDE4A-overexpressing OVCAR3 cells. Mechanistically, downregulation of PDE4A expression can induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and nuclear translocation of Snail, which suggests that PDE4A plays a pivotal role in suppressing OC progression. Notably, Rolipram, the PDE4 inhibitor, mirrored the effects observed with PDE4A deletion. In summary, the downregulation of PDE4A appears to facilitate OC progression by modulating the Snail/EMT pathway, underscoring the potential of PDE4A as a therapeutic target against ovarian cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Wang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Qiuying Gu
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yuexi Liu
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiaolan Huang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jiajing Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Molecular Medicine Diagnostic and Testing Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Ruonan Li
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Hua Linghu
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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12
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Yamaguchi J, Kokuryo T, Yokoyama Y, Oishi S, Sunagawa M, Mizuno T, Onoe S, Watanabe N, Ogura A, Ebata T. Trefoil factor 1 suppresses stemness and enhances chemosensitivity of pancreatic cancer. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e7395. [PMID: 38872370 PMCID: PMC11176577 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal malignancies, partly due to resistance to conventional chemotherapy. The chemoresistance of malignant tumors is associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the stemness of cancer cells. The aim of this study is to investigate the availability and functional mechanisms of trefoil factor family 1 (TFF1), a tumor-suppressive protein in pancreatic carcinogenesis, to treat pancreatic cancer. METHODS To investigate the role of endogenous TFF1 in human and mice, specimens of human pancreatic cancer and genetically engineered mouse model of pancreatic cancer (KPC/TFF1KO; Pdx1-Cre/LSL-KRASG12D/LSL-p53R172H/TFF1-/-) were analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC). To explore the efficacy of extracellular administration of TFF1, recombinant and chemically synthesized TFF1 were administered to pancreatic cancer cell lines, a xenograft mouse model and a transgenic mouse model. RESULTS The deficiency of TFF1 was associated with increased EMT of cancer cells in mouse models of pancreatic cancer, KPC. The expression of TFF1 in cancer cells was associated with better survival rate of the patients who underwent chemotherapy, and loss of TFF1 deteriorated the benefit of gemcitabine in KPC mice. Extracellular administration of TFF1 inhibited gemcitabine-induced EMT, Wnt pathway activation and cancer stemness, eventually increased apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells in vitro. In vivo, combined treatment of gemcitabine and subcutaneous administration of TFF1 arrested tumor growth in xenograft mouse model and resulted in the better survival of KPC mice by inhibiting EMT and cancer stemness. CONCLUSION These results indicate that TFF1 can contribute to establishing a novel strategy to treat pancreatic cancer patients by enhancing chemosensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junpei Yamaguchi
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toshio Kokuryo
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Yokoyama
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Oishi
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masaki Sunagawa
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takashi Mizuno
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Onoe
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Watanabe
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ogura
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tomoki Ebata
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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13
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Emile MH, Emile SH, El-Karef AA, Ebrahim MA, Mohammed IE, Ibrahim DA. Association between the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related markers and oncologic outcomes of colorectal cancer. Updates Surg 2024:10.1007/s13304-024-01865-9. [PMID: 38762631 DOI: 10.1007/s13304-024-01865-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key step in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC) that confers metastatic capabilities to cancer cells. The present study aimed to assess the immunohistochemical (IHC) expression and impact of EMT markers, including E-cadherin, Vimentin, β-catenin, and SMAD4, on the oncologic outcomes of CRC. METHODS This was a retrospective review of 118 CRC patients. Tissue slides were retrieved from the slide archive and five tissue microarray construction blocks were constructed. IHC for E-cadherin, Vimentin, β-catenin, and SMAD4 was done. The main outcome was the association between abnormal marker expression and overall survival (OS), and disease-free survival (DFS). RESULTS Adenocarcinomas accounted for 71.2% of tumors, whereas 25.4% and 3.4% were mucinous and signet ring cell carcinomas. The rates of lymphovascular invasion and perineural invasion were 72.9% and 20.3%, respectively. There was a positive, significant correlation, and association between the four markers. Abnormal expression of E-cadherin was associated with significantly lower OS (p < 0.0001) and similar DFS (p = 0.06). Abnormal Vimentin expression was associated with a significantly higher rate of distant metastasis (p = 0.005) and significantly lower OS and DFS (p < 0.0001). Abnormal expression of β-catenin was associated with significantly lower OS (p < 0.0001) and similar DFS (p = 0.15). Abnormal expression of SMAD4 was associated with significantly lower OS and DFS (p < 0.0001). Abnormal expression of all four markers was associated with a higher disease recurrence, lower OS, and lower DFS. CONCLUSION Abnormal expression of each marker was associated with lower OS, whereas abnormal expression of Vimentin and SMAD4 only was associated with lower DFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Hany Emile
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Sameh Hany Emile
- Colorectal Surgery Unit, General Surgery Department, Mansoura University Hospitals, Mansoura University, 60 El-Gomhouria Street, Mansoura, 35516, Dakahlia, Egypt.
| | - Amr Awad El-Karef
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Awad Ebrahim
- Medical Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Wang S, He Y, Wang J, Luo E. Re-exploration of immunotherapy targeting EMT of hepatocellular carcinoma: Starting from the NF-κB pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116566. [PMID: 38631143 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common malignancies worldwide, and its high morbidity and mortality have brought a heavy burden to the global public health system. Due to the concealment of its onset, the limitation of treatment, the acquisition of multi-drug resistance and radiation resistance, the treatment of HCC cannot achieve satisfactory results. Epithelial mesenchymal transformation (EMT) is a key process that induces progression, distant metastasis, and therapeutic resistance to a variety of malignant tumors, including HCC. Therefore, targeting EMT has become a promising tumor immunotherapy method for HCC. The NF-κB pathway is a key regulatory pathway for EMT. Targeting this pathway has shown potential to inhibit HCC infiltration, invasion, distant metastasis, and therapeutic resistance. At present, there are still some controversies about this pathway and new ideas of combined therapy, which need to be further explored. This article reviews the progress of immunotherapy in improving EMT development in HCC cells by exploring the mechanism of regulating EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - Yan He
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, PR China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China
| | - En Luo
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, PR China.
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Shi YX, Xu L, Wang X, Zhang KK, Zhang CY, Liu HY, Ding PP, Shi W, Liu ZY. Paris polyphylla ethanol extract and polyphyllin I ameliorate adenomyosis by inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 127:155461. [PMID: 38452697 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The active ingredients of the Chinese medical herb Paris polyphylla, P. polyphylla ethanol extract (PPE) and polyphyllin I (PPI), potentially inhibit epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in tumors. However, the roles of these ingredients in inhibiting EMT in adenomyosis (AM) remain to be explored. PURPOSE The primary goal of the study was to uncover the underlying molecular processes through which PPE and PPI suppress EMT in AM, alongside assessing the safety profiles of these substances. METHODS To assess the suppressive impact of PPE on adenomyosis-derived cells (AMDCs), we employed Transwell and wound healing assays. The polyphyllins (PPI, PPII, PPVII) contained in PPE were characterized using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Then, bioinformatics techniques were performed to pinpoint potential PPI targets that could be effective in treating AM. Immunoblotting was used to verify the key proteins and pathways identified via bioinformatics. Furthermore, we examined the efficacy of PPE and PPI in treating Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice with AM by observing the morphological and pathological features of the uterus and performing immunohistochemistry. In addition, we assessed safety by evaluating liver, kidney and spleen pathologic features and serum test results. RESULTS Three major polyphyllins of PPE were revealed by HPLC, and PPI had the highest concentration. In vitro experiments indicated that PPE and PPI effectively prevent AMDCs invasion and migration. Bioinformatics revealed that the primary targets E-cadherin, N-cadherin and TGFβ1, as well as the EMT biological process, were enriched in PPI-treated AM. Immunoblotting assays corroborated the hypothesis that PPE and PPI suppress the TGFβ1/Smad2/3 pathway in AMDCs to prevent EMT from progressing. Additionally, in vivo studies showed that PPE (3 mg/kg and 6 mg/kg) and PPI (3 mg/kg and 6 mg/kg), successfully suppressed the EMT process through targeting the TGFβ1/Smad2/3 signaling pathway. Besides, it was observed that lower doses of PPE (3 mg/kg) and PPI (3 mg/kg) exerted minimal effects on the liver, kidneys, and spleen. CONCLUSIONS PPE and PPI efficiently impede the development of EMT by inhibiting the TGFβ1/Smad2/3 pathway, revealing an alternative pathway for the pharmacological treatment of AM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Xin Shi
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Li Xu
- Department of reproductive medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Second Affiliated Hospital, Jinan 250001, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Ke-Ke Zhang
- Clinical Medical College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Cheng-Yuan Zhang
- Postgraduate Training Base of Linyi People's Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Hong-Yun Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Linyi Central Hospital, Yishui 276400, China
| | - Ping-Ping Ding
- Department of Gynecology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Wei Shi
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China; Department of Gynecology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Zhi-Yong Liu
- Central Laboratory, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Jinan 250014, China; Shandong Key Laboratory of Dominant Diseases of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China.
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16
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Vora PM, Prabhu S. Exploring the influence of microgravity on chemotherapeutic drug response in cancer: Unveiling new perspectives. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18347. [PMID: 38693857 PMCID: PMC11063729 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Microgravity, an altered gravity condition prevailing in space, has been reported to have a profound impact on human health. Researchers are very keen to comprehensively investigate the impact of microgravity and its intricate involvement in inducing physiological changes. Evidenced transformations were observed in the internal architecture including cytoskeletal organization and cell membrane morphology. These alterations can significantly influence cellular function, signalling pathways and overall cellular behaviour. Further, microgravity has been reported to alter in the expression profile of genes and metabolic pathways related to cellular processes, signalling cascades and structural proteins in cancer cells contributing to the overall changes in the cellular architecture. To investigate the effect of microgravity on cellular and molecular levels numerous ground-based simulation systems employing both in vitro and in vivo models are used. Recently, researchers have explored the possibility of leveraging microgravity to potentially modulate cancer cells against chemotherapy. These findings hold promise for both understanding fundamental processes and could potentially lead to the development of more effective, personalized and innovative approaches in therapeutic advancements against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preksha Manish Vora
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life SciencesManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalIndia
| | - Sudharshan Prabhu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life SciencesManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalIndia
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Roy SK, Srivastava S, McCance C, Shrivastava A, Morvant J, Shankar S, Srivastava RK. Clinical significance of PNO1 as a novel biomarker and therapeutic target of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18295. [PMID: 38722284 PMCID: PMC11081011 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The RNA-binding protein PNO1 plays an essential role in ribosome biogenesis. Recent studies have shown that it is involved in tumorigenesis; however, its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is not well understood. The purpose of this study was to examine whether PNO1 can be used as a biomarker of HCC and also examine the therapeutic potential of PNO1 knockout for the treatment of HCC. PNO1 expression was upregulated in HCC and associated with poor prognosis. PNO1 expression was positively associated with tumour stage, lymph node metastasis and poor survival. PNO1 expression was significantly higher in HCC compared to that in fibrolamellar carcinoma or normal tissues. Furthermore, HCC tissues with mutant Tp53 expressed higher PNO1 than those with wild-type Tp53. PNO1 knockout suppressed cell viability, colony formation and EMT of HCC cells. Since activation of Notch signalling pathway promotes HCC, we measured the effects of PNO1 knockout on the components of Notch pathway and its targets. PNO1 knockout suppressed Notch signalling by modulating the expression of Notch ligands and their receptors, and downstream targets. PNO1 knockout also inhibited genes involved in surface adhesion, cell cycle, inflammation and chemotaxis. PNO1 knockout also inhibited colony and spheroid formation, cell migration and invasion, and markers of stem cells, pluripotency and EMT in CSCs. Overall, our data suggest that PNO1 can be used as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker of HCC, and knockout of PNO1 by CRISPR/Cas9 can be beneficial for the management of HCC by targeting CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjit K. Roy
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, School of MedicineLouisiana State University HealthNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
| | | | - Caroline McCance
- Department of Cellular and Molecular BiologyTulane UniversityNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
| | | | - Jason Morvant
- Department of SurgeryOchsner Health SystemGretnaLouisianaUSA
| | - Sharmila Shankar
- Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care SystemNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
- John W. Deming Department of MedicineTulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
| | - Rakesh K. Srivastava
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, School of MedicineLouisiana State University HealthNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
- Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care SystemNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
- Department of GeneticsLouisiana State University Health Sciences Center – New OrleansNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
- GLAXDoverDelawareUSA
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18
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Zhan ZQ, Chen YZ, Huang ZM, Luo YH, Zeng JJ, Wang Y, Tan J, Chen YX, Fang JY. Metabolic syndrome, its components, and gastrointestinal cancer risk: a meta-analysis of 31 prospective cohorts and Mendelian randomization study. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 39:630-641. [PMID: 38230882 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Cohort studies have linked metabolic syndrome (MetS) to gastrointestinal (GI) cancer risk. We aimed to evaluate the associations between MetS, its components, and combinations of MetS components with eight GI cancers risk. METHODS We conducted a systematic search of prospective cohort studies and performed a meta-analysis. Subgroup analyses regarding diagnostic criteria, sex, cancer sites, histological subtypes, ethnic groups, and studies adjusted for alcohol consumption were carried out. Mendelian randomization (MR) was employed to evaluate the causality between 17 MetS-related traits and eight GI cancers among Europeans and Asians separately. RESULTS Meta-analyses of 31 prospective studies indicated that MetS was significantly associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) (RR [95% CI] = 1.13 [1.12-1.15]), esophageal cancer (EC) (RR [95% CI] = 1.17 [1.03-1.32]), gallbladder cancer (GBC) (RR [95% CI] = 1.37[1.10-1.71]), liver cancer (LC) (RR [95% CI] = 1.46 [1.29-1.64]), and pancreatic cancer (PaC) (RR [95% CI] = 1.25 [1.20-1.30]), but not gastric cancer (GC) (RR [95% CI] = 1.11 [0.96-1.28]). Regarding the associations between MetS components and GI cancers risk, the following associations showed statistical significance: obesity-CRC/LC/EC/, hypertriglyceridemia-LC/PaC, reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-CRC/LC/GC/PaC, hyperglycemia-CRC/LC/PaC, and hypertension-CRC/LC/EC/PaC. Sex-specific associations were observed between individual MetS components on GI cancers risk. Among the top three common combinations in both sexes, obesity + HTN + hyperglycemia had the strongest association with CRC risk (RR [95% CI] = 1.54 [1.49-1.61] for males and 1.27 [1.21-1.33] for females). MR analyses revealed causality in 16 exposure-outcome pairs: waist-to-hip ratio/BMI/HbA1c-CRC; BMI/childhood obesity/waist circumference/T2DM/glucose-EC; BMI/waist circumference/cholesterol-LC; cholesterol/childhood obesity/waist circumference/HbA1c-PaC; and HbA1c-GBC. These results were robust against sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS Since MetS is reversible, lifestyle changes or medical interventions targeting MetS patients might be potential prevention strategies for GI cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Qing Zhan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease; NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases; State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes; Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Zhou Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China
| | - Ze-Min Huang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Hua Luo
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Jian Zeng
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease; NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases; State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes; Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan Tan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease; NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases; State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes; Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Xuan Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease; NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases; State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes; Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Yuan Fang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology; Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease; NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases; State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes; Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Ahmad A, Tiwari RK, Siddiqui S, Chadha M, Shukla R, Srivastava V. Emerging trends in gastrointestinal cancers: Targeting developmental pathways in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 385:41-99. [PMID: 38663962 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2023.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal carcinomas are a group of cancers associated with the digestive system and its accessory organs. The most prevalent cancers related to the gastrointestinal tract are colorectal, gall bladder, gastric, hepatocellular, and esophageal cancers, respectively. Molecular aberrations in different signaling pathways, such as signal transduction systems or developmental pathways are the chief triggering mechanisms in different cancers Though a massive advancement in diagnostic and therapeutic interventions results in improved survival of patients with gastrointestinal cancer; the lower malignancy stages of these carcinomas are comparatively asymptomatic. Various gastrointestinal-related cancers are detected at advanced stages, leading to deplorable prognoses and increased rates of recurrence. Recent molecular studies have elucidated the imperative roles of several signaling pathways, namely Wnt, Hedgehog, and Notch signaling pathways, play in the progression, therapeutic responsiveness, and metastasis of gastrointestinal-related cancers. This book chapter gives an interesting update on recent findings on the involvement of developmental signaling pathways their mechanistic insight in gastrointestinalcancer. Subsequently, evidences supporting the exploration of gastrointestinal cancer related molecular mechanisms have also been discussed for developing novel therapeutic strategies against these debilitating carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afza Ahmad
- Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rohit Kumar Tiwari
- Department of Clinical Research, Sharda School of Allied Health Sciences, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Saleha Siddiqui
- Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India
| | - Muskan Chadha
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Sharda School of Allied Health Sciences, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ratnakar Shukla
- Department of Clinical Research, Sharda School of Allied Health Sciences, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vivek Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Sharda School of Basic Sciences & Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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20
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Viglianisi G, Polizzi A, Grippaudo C, Cocuzza S, Leonardi R, Isola G. Chemopreventive and Biological Strategies in the Management of Oral Potentially Malignant and Malignant Disorders. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:65. [PMID: 38247942 PMCID: PMC10813134 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11010065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) represent a significant global health burden due to their potential for malignant transformation and the challenges associated with their diagnosis and treatment. Chemoprevention, an innovative approach aimed at halting or reversing the neoplastic process before full malignancy, has emerged as a promising avenue for mitigating the impact of OPMD and OSCC. The pivotal role of chemopreventive strategies is underscored by the need for effective interventions that go beyond traditional therapies. In this regard, chemopreventive agents offer a unique opportunity to intercept disease progression by targeting the molecular pathways implicated in carcinogenesis. Natural compounds, such as curcumin, green tea polyphenols, and resveratrol, exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-cancer properties that could make them potential candidates for curtailing the transformation of OPMD to OSCC. Moreover, targeted therapies directed at specific molecular alterations hold promise in disrupting the signaling cascades driving OSCC growth. Immunomodulatory agents, like immune checkpoint inhibitors, are gaining attention for their potential to harness the body's immune response against early malignancies, thus impeding OSCC advancement. Additionally, nutritional interventions and topical formulations of chemopreventive agents offer localized strategies for preventing carcinogenesis in the oral cavity. The challenge lies in optimizing these strategies for efficacy, safety, and patient compliance. This review presents an up to date on the dynamic interplay between molecular insights, clinical interventions, and the broader goal of reducing the burden of oral malignancies. As research progresses, the synergy between early diagnosis, non-invasive biomarker identification, and chemopreventive therapy is poised to reshape the landscape of OPMD and OSCC management, offering a glimpse of a future where these diseases are no longer insurmountable challenges but rather preventable and manageable conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Viglianisi
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 68, 95124 Catania, Italy; (G.V.); (A.P.); (R.L.); (G.I.)
| | - Alessandro Polizzi
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 68, 95124 Catania, Italy; (G.V.); (A.P.); (R.L.); (G.I.)
| | - Cristina Grippaudo
- Head and Neck Department, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cocuzza
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “GF Ingrassia” ENT Section, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 68, 95124 Catania, Italy;
| | - Rosalia Leonardi
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 68, 95124 Catania, Italy; (G.V.); (A.P.); (R.L.); (G.I.)
| | - Gaetano Isola
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 68, 95124 Catania, Italy; (G.V.); (A.P.); (R.L.); (G.I.)
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Jia S, Yang Y, Zhu Y, Yang W, Ling L, Wei Y, Fang X, Lin Q, Hamaï A, Mehrpour M, Gao J, Tan W, Xia Y, Chen J, Jiang W, Gong C. Association of FTH1-Expressing Circulating Tumor Cells With Efficacy of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Patients With Breast Cancer: A Prospective Cohort Study. Oncologist 2024; 29:e25-e37. [PMID: 37390841 PMCID: PMC10769790 DOI: 10.1093/oncolo/oyad195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between different phenotypes and genotypes of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) remains uncertain. This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship of FTH1 gene-associated CTCs (F-CTC) with/without epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers, or their dynamic changes with the efficacy of NAC in patients with non-metastatic breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS This study enrolled 120 patients with non-metastatic breast cancer who planned to undergo NAC. The FTH1 gene and EMT markers in CTCs were detected before NAC (T0), after 2 cycles of chemotherapy (T1), and before surgery (T2). The associations of these different types of CTCs with rates of pathological complete response (pCR) and breast-conserving surgery (BCS) were evaluated using the binary logistic regression analysis. RESULTS F-CTC in peripheral blood ≥1 at T0 was an independent factor for pCR rate in patients with HER2-positive (odds ratio [OR]=0.08, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.01-0.98, P = .048). The reduction in the number of F-CTC at T2 was an independent factor for BCS rate (OR = 4.54, 95% CI, 1.14-18.08, P = .03). CONCLUSIONS The number of F-CTC prior to NAC was related to poor response to NAC. Monitoring of F-CTC may help clinicians formulate personalized NAC regimens and implement BCS for patients with non-metastatic breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Jia
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Breast Surgery, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaping Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Breast Surgery, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yingying Zhu
- Division of Clinical Research Design, Clinical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenqian Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Breast Surgery, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Ling
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanghui Wei
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaolin Fang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Breast Surgery, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qun Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Breast Surgery, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ahmed Hamaï
- Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), Inserm U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Maryam Mehrpour
- Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), Inserm U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Jingbo Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Breast Surgery, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weige Tan
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan Xia
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Breast Surgery, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiayi Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Breast Surgery, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenguo Jiang
- Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK
| | - Chang Gong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Breast Surgery, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Wang J, Yao G, Zhang B, Zhao Z, Fan Y. Interaction between miR‑206 and lncRNA MALAT1 in regulating viability and invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2024; 27:5. [PMID: 38028177 PMCID: PMC10665983 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.14138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are strongly associated to the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which presents a high potential for diagnosis and treatment; however, the role of miRNAs is still largely unknown. The aim of the present study was to examine the expression and the biological role of miRNA (miR)-206 in the development of HCC, and to identify the underlying molecular mechanism. Results from this study show that miR-206 was significantly downregulated in HCC tissues and cell lines. It was observed that low expression of miR-206 was linked to advanced TNM stage, tumor nodularity and venous infiltration in patients with HCC; low miR-206 expression was associated with shorter survival times. miR-206 overexpression using miR-206 mimics notably decreased the proliferative ability and increased apoptosis of MHCC97-H and HCCLM3 HCC cell lines. Overexpression of miR-206 suppressed invasiveness associated with reduced epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Moreover, the c-Met oncogene, which is upregulated in HCC tissues, was negatively associated with the expression of miR-206. Notably, it was shown that miR-206 may exert its antitumor effect through suppressing c-Met/Akt/mTOR signaling. Low expression of miR-206 was shown to be regulated by lncRNA MALAT1 in HCC. Collectively, this study presented evidence that miR-206 was controlled by lncRNA MALAT1 and partially suppressed the proliferation and invasion of HCC through the c-Met/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. According to these results, understanding MALAT1/miR-206-dependent regulation may lead to potential approaches for diagnosis and prospective treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
| | - Guoliang Yao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
| | - Beike Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
| | - Zerui Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
| | - Yonggang Fan
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
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Tekin C, Ercelik M, Dunaev P, Galembikova A, Tezcan G, Aksoy SA, Budak F, Isık O, Ugras N, Boichuk S, Tunca B. Leaf Extract from European Olive (Olea europaea L.) Post-Transcriptionally Suppresses the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Sensitizes Gastric Cancer Cells to Chemotherapy. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2024; 89:97-115. [PMID: 38467548 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297924010061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
The overall survival of patients with the advanced and recurrent gastric cancer (GC) remains unfavorable. In particular, this is due to cancer spreading and resistance to chemotherapy associated with the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of tumor cells. EMT can be identified by the transcriptome profiling of GC for EMT markers. Indeed, analysis of the TCGA and GTEx databases (n = 408) and a cohort of GC patients (n = 43) revealed that expression of the CDH2 gene was significantly decreased in the tumors vs. non-tumor tissues and correlated with the overall survival of GC patients. Expression of the EMT-promoting transcription factors SNAIL and ZEB1 was significantly increased in GC. These data suggest that targeting the EMT might be an attractive therapeutic approach for patients with GC. Previously, we demonstrated a potent anti-cancer activity of the olive leaf extract (OLE). However, its effect on the EMT regulation in GC remained unknown. Here, we showed that OLE efficiently potentiated the inhibitory effect of the chemotherapeutic agents 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin (Cis) on the EMT and their pro-apoptotic activity, as was demonstrated by changes in the expression of the EMT markers (E- and N-cadherins, vimentin, claudin-1) in GC cells treated with the aforementioned chemotherapeutic agents in the presence of OLE. Thus, culturing GC cells with 5-FU + OLE or Cis + OLE attenuated the invasive properties of cancer cells. Importantly, upregulation of expression of the apoptotic markers (PARP cleaved form) and increase in the number of cells undergoing apoptosis (annexin V-positive) were observed for GC cells treated with a combination of OLE and 5-FU or Cis. Collectively, our data illustrate that OLE efficiently interferes with the EMT in GC cells and potentiates the pro-apoptotic activity of certain chemotherapeutic agents used for GC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cagla Tekin
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Melis Ercelik
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Pavel Dunaev
- Department of Pathology, Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Aigul Galembikova
- Department of Pathology, Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Gulcin Tezcan
- Department of Fundamental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Secil Ak Aksoy
- Inegol Vocation School, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
- Experimental Animal Breeding and Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Ferah Budak
- Department of Immunology, Medical Faculty, Bursa Uludag University Bursa, Turkey
| | - Ozgen Isık
- Department of General Surgery, Medical Faculty, Bursa Uludag University Bursa, Turkey
| | - Nesrin Ugras
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Sergei Boichuk
- Department of Pathology, Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russia.
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiology, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia
- "Biomarker" Research Laboratory, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Berrin Tunca
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey.
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Li T, Xing S, Liu Y. Simultaneous Proximity DNAzyme-Activated Duplexed Protein-Specific Glycosylation Imaging on Cell Surface via Bioorthogonal Chemistry. Anal Chem 2023; 95:17790-17797. [PMID: 37994926 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Due to the scarcity of strategies to evaluate the multiple subtype monosaccharides in one specific protein simultaneously within a single assay, understanding the glycosylation mechanisms and revealing their roles in disease development become extremely challenging. Herein, a strategy of proximity DNAzyme-activated fluorescence imaging of multiplex saccharides in a protein on the cell surface via bio-orthogonal chemistry is reported. The multichannel proximity DNAzyme-activated fluorescence recovery enabled the highly selective and effective imaging analysis of multiplexed protein-specific glycosylation in situ and has been demonstrated. This strategy is successfully applied to visualize the sialylation and fucosylation in four specific proteins on different cell lines and evaluate the variations of protein-specific glycosylation in response to the alterations of the cellular physiological status. More importantly, the quantitative tracking of the terminal sialyation and fucosylation changes at the single-protein level is realized by assigning the target protein as the native reference, which has the potential to be a versatile platform for glycobiology research and clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory for Analytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Simin Xing
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory for Analytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory for Analytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
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Abstract
LIM domain protein 2, also known as LIM protein FHL2, is a member of the LIM-only family. Due to its LIM domain protein characteristics, FHL2 is capable of interacting with various proteins and plays a crucial role in regulating gene expression, cell growth, and signal transduction in muscle and cardiac tissue. In recent years, mounting evidence has indicated that the FHLs protein family is closely associated with the development and occurrence of human tumors. On the one hand, FHL2 acts as a tumor suppressor by down-regulating in tumor tissue and effectively inhibiting tumor development by limiting cell proliferation. On the other hand, FHL2 serves as an oncoprotein by up-regulating in tumor tissue and binding to multiple transcription factors to suppress cell apoptosis, stimulate cell proliferation and migration, and promote tumor progression. Therefore, FHL2 is considered a double-edged sword in tumors with independent and complex functions. This article reviews the role of FHL2 in tumor occurrence and development, discusses FHL2 interaction with other proteins and transcription factors, and its involvement in multiple cell signaling pathways. Finally, the clinical significance of FHL2 as a potential target in tumor therapy is examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsheng West Road 28, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Qun Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsheng West Road 28, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Meihua She
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsheng West Road 28, Hengyang, 421001, China.
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26
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Dai Z, Peng X, Cui X, Guo Y, Zhang J, Shen X, Liu CY, Liu Y. Innovative molecular subtypes of multiple signaling pathways in colon cancer and validation of FMOD as a prognostic-related marker. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:13087-13106. [PMID: 37474678 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05163-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Colon cancer is highly heterogeneous in terms of the immune and stromal microenvironment, genomic integrity, and oncogenic properties; therefore, molecular subtypes of the four characteristic dimensions are expected to provide novel clues for immunotherapy of colon cancer. METHODS According to the enrichment of four dimensions, we performed consensus cluster analysis and identified three robust molecular subtypes for colon cancer, namely immune enriched, immune deficiency, and stroma enriched. We characterized and validated the immune infiltration, gene mutations, copy number variants, methylation, protein expression, and clinical features in different datasets. Finally, we developed an 8-gene risk prognostic model and proposed the innovative RiskScore. In addition, a nomogram model was constructed combining clinical characteristics and RiskScore to validate its excellent clinical predictive power. RESULTS Combining clinical patient tissue samples and histochemical microarray data, we found that high FMOD expression in tumor epithelial cells was associated with poorer patient prognosis, but FMOD expression in the mesenchyme was not associated with prognosis. In pan-cancer, RiskScore, a prognostic model constructed based on characteristic pathway scores, was a poor prognostic factor for malignancy and was negatively associated with immunotherapy response. CONCLUSION The identification of molecular subtypes could provide innovative ideas for immunotherapy of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhujiang Dai
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Shanghai Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiang Peng
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Shanghai Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xuewei Cui
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Yuegui Guo
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Shanghai Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xia Shen
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Shanghai Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Chen-Ying Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
- Shanghai Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
- Shanghai Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Marini M, Titiz M, Souza Monteiro de Araújo D, Geppetti P, Nassini R, De Logu F. TRP Channels in Cancer: Signaling Mechanisms and Translational Approaches. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1557. [PMID: 37892239 PMCID: PMC10605459 DOI: 10.3390/biom13101557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ion channels play a crucial role in a wide range of biological processes, including cell cycle regulation and cancer progression. In particular, the transient receptor potential (TRP) family of channels has emerged as a promising therapeutic target due to its involvement in several stages of cancer development and dissemination. TRP channels are expressed in a large variety of cells and tissues, and by increasing cation intracellular concentration, they monitor mechanical, thermal, and chemical stimuli under physiological and pathological conditions. Some members of the TRP superfamily, namely vanilloid (TRPV), canonical (TRPC), melastatin (TRPM), and ankyrin (TRPA), have been investigated in different types of cancer, including breast, prostate, lung, and colorectal cancer. TRP channels are involved in processes such as cell proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and drug resistance, all related to cancer progression. Some TRP channels have been mechanistically associated with the signaling of cancer pain. Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which TRP channels influence cancer provides new opportunities for the development of targeted therapeutic strategies. Selective inhibitors of TRP channels are under initial scrutiny in experimental animals as potential anti-cancer agents. In-depth knowledge of these channels and their regulatory mechanisms may lead to new therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment, providing new perspectives for the development of effective targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Romina Nassini
- Department of Health Sciences, Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology Section, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy; (M.M.); (M.T.); (D.S.M.d.A.); (P.G.); (F.D.L.)
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28
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Rainone P, Valtorta S, Villa C, Todde S, Cadamuro M, Bertoli G, Conconi D, Lavitrano M, Moresco RM. Evaluating [ 18F]FDG and [ 18F]FLT Radiotracers as Biomarkers of Response for Combined Therapy Outcome in Triple-Negative and Estrogen-Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer Models. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14124. [PMID: 37762429 PMCID: PMC10532149 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequent cancer and the second leading cause of death in women. A typical feature of BC cells is the metabolic shift toward increased glycolysis, which has become an interesting therapeutic target for metabolic drugs such as metformin (MET). Recently, the administration of the antihypertensive syrosingopine (SYRO) in combination with MET has shown a synergistic effect toward a variety of cancers. However, a fundamental need remains, which is the development of in vivo biomarkers that are able to detect early clinical response. In this study, we exploited a triple-negative murine BC cell line (4T1) and a metastatic ER+ murine BC cell line (TS/A) in order to investigate, in vivo, the early response to treatment, based on MET and/or SYRO administration, evaluating [18F]FDG and [18F]FLT as potential biomarkers via PET/CT. The study provides evidence that SYRO plus MET has a synergistic effect on tumor growth inhibition in both 4T1 and TS/A experimental models and has showed the highest efficacy on the TNBC xenograft mice (4T1) via the expression reduction in the lactate transporter MCT4 and in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition biomarker Snail, promoting its potential application in therapy settings. In addition, the selective reduction in the [18F]FLT tumor uptake (at 7 dd), observed in the SYRO plus MET treated mice in comparison with the vehicle group, suggests that this radiotracer could be potentially used as a biomarker for the early detection of therapy response, in both evaluated xenografts models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Rainone
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano—Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (P.R.); (C.V.); (S.T.); (D.C.); (M.L.)
- Nuclear Medicine Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy;
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council (IBFM-CNR), 20054 Segrate, Italy;
| | - Silvia Valtorta
- Nuclear Medicine Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy;
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council (IBFM-CNR), 20054 Segrate, Italy;
- NBFC National Biodiversity Future Center, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Chiara Villa
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano—Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (P.R.); (C.V.); (S.T.); (D.C.); (M.L.)
| | - Sergio Todde
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano—Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (P.R.); (C.V.); (S.T.); (D.C.); (M.L.)
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council (IBFM-CNR), 20054 Segrate, Italy;
- Tecnomed Foundation, University of Milano—Bicocca, 20126 Monza, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Cadamuro
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy;
- General Internal Medicine Unit, Padua University-Hospital, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Gloria Bertoli
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council (IBFM-CNR), 20054 Segrate, Italy;
- NBFC National Biodiversity Future Center, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Donatella Conconi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano—Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (P.R.); (C.V.); (S.T.); (D.C.); (M.L.)
| | - Marialuisa Lavitrano
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano—Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (P.R.); (C.V.); (S.T.); (D.C.); (M.L.)
| | - Rosa Maria Moresco
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano—Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (P.R.); (C.V.); (S.T.); (D.C.); (M.L.)
- Nuclear Medicine Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy;
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology, National Research Council (IBFM-CNR), 20054 Segrate, Italy;
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Chakraborty S, Coleman C, Manoj P, Demircioglu D, Shah N, de Stanchina E, Rudin CM, Hasson D, Sen T. De Novo and Histologically Transformed Small-Cell Lung Cancer Is Sensitive to Lurbinectedin Treatment Through the Modulation of EMT and NOTCH Signaling Pathways. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:3526-3540. [PMID: 37382635 PMCID: PMC10901109 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-0471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a high-grade neuroendocrine tumor with dismal prognosis and limited treatment options. Lurbinectedin, conditionally approved as a second-line treatment for metastatic SCLC, drives clinical responses in about 35% of patients, and the overall survival (OS) of those who benefit from it remains very low (∼9.3 months). This finding highlights the need to develop improved mechanistic insight and predictive biomarkers of response. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We used human and patient-derived xenograft (PDX)-derived SCLC cell lines to evaluate the effect of lurbinectedin in vitro. We also demonstrate the antitumor effect of lurbinectedin in multiple de novo and transformed SCLC PDX models. Changes in gene and protein expression pre- and post-lurbinectedin treatment was assessed by RNA sequencing and Western blot analysis. RESULTS Lurbinectedin markedly reduced cell viability in the majority of SCLC models with the best response on POU2F3-driven SCLC cells. We further demonstrate that lurbinectedin, either as a single agent or in combination with osimertinib, causes an appreciable antitumor response in multiple models of EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma with histologic transformation to SCLC. Transcriptomic analysis identified induction of apoptosis, repression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition, modulation of PI3K/AKT, NOTCH signaling associated with lurbinectedin response in de novo, and transformed SCLC models. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides a mechanistic insight into lurbinectedin response in SCLC and the first demonstration that lurbinectedin is a potential therapeutic target after SCLC transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhamoy Chakraborty
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Charles Coleman
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Bioinformatics for Next Generation Sequencing (BiNGS) Core, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Parvathy Manoj
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Deniz Demircioglu
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Bioinformatics for Next Generation Sequencing (BiNGS) Core, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Nisargbhai Shah
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Elisa de Stanchina
- Antitumor Assessment Core, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Charles M Rudin
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Dan Hasson
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Bioinformatics for Next Generation Sequencing (BiNGS) Core, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Triparna Sen
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai, New York, New York
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30
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Lee CC, Yu CJ, Panda SS, Chen KC, Liang KH, Huang WC, Wang YS, Ho PC, Wu HC. Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) regulates HGFR signaling to promote colon cancer progression and metastasis. J Transl Med 2023; 21:530. [PMID: 37543570 PMCID: PMC10404369 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04390-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is known to highly expression and promotes cancer progression in many cancer types, including colorectal cancer. While metastasis is one of the main causes of cancer treatment failure, the involvement of EpCAM signaling in metastatic processes is unclear. We propose the potential crosstalk of EpCAM signaling with the HGFR signaling in order to govern metastatic activity in colorectal cancer. METHODS Immunoprecipitation (IP), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) was conducted to explore the extracellular domain of EpCAM (EpEX) and HGFR interaction. Western blotting was taken to determine the expression of proteins in colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines. The functions of EpEX in CRC were investigated by proliferation, migration, and invasion analysis. The combined therapy was validated via a tail vein injection method for the metastasis and orthotopic colon cancer models. RESULTS This study demonstrates that the EpEX binds to HGFR and induces downstream signaling in colon cancer cells. Moreover, EpEX and HGF cooperatively mediate HGFR signaling. Furthermore, EpEX enhances the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and metastatic potential of colon cancer cells by activating ERK and FAK-AKT signaling pathways, and it further stabilizes active β-catenin and Snail proteins by decreasing GSK3β activity. Finally, we show that the combined treatment of an anti-EpCAM neutralizing antibody (EpAb2-6) and an HGFR inhibitor (crizotinib) significantly inhibits tumor progression and prolongs survival in metastatic and orthotopic animal models of colon cancer. CONCLUSION Our findings illuminate the molecular mechanisms underlying EpCAM signaling promotion of colon cancer metastasis, further suggesting that the combination of EpAb2-6 and crizotinib may be an effective strategy for treating cancer patients with high EpCAM expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Chiu Lee
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jui Yu
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Sushree Shankar Panda
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Chi Chen
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Kang-Hao Liang
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Biomedical Translation Research Center (BioTReC), Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chen Huang
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shiuan Wang
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chin Ho
- Biomedical Translation Research Center (BioTReC), Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Han-Chung Wu
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.
- Biomedical Translation Research Center (BioTReC), Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.
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Lee BS, Kim Y, Park H, Im WJ, Han HY, Kim YB, Lim S, Yoo MH. Long-chain perfluoroalkyl carboxylates induce cytoskeletal abnormalities and activate epithelial-mesenchymal transition in both renal cell carcinoma 3D cultures and Caki-1 xenografted mouse model. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 178:108093. [PMID: 37459689 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to perfluorooctanoate (PFOA; a type of perfluoroalkyl carboxylates [PFACs]) may be correlated with the incidence of kidney cancer in individuals exposed to high levels of PFOA. However, mechanistic studies on the influence of PFACs on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) development are lacking. We explored the effects of five types of PFACs on RCC using in vitro and in vivo models to fill this knowledge gap and provide information for environmental/usage regulations. Using 2D/3D cultures of Caki-1 cells, a human clear cell RCC line, we examined the effects of short-chain (SC) PFACs and long-chain (LC) PFACs on RCC physio/pathological markers, including the cytoskeleton, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins, and Na+/K+-ATPase. We also administered three different PFACs orally to mice harboring Caki-1 xenografts to assess the impact of these compounds on engrafted RCC in vivo. Compared with the effects of SCPFACs, mice with Caki-1 xenografts treated with LCPFACs showed increased EMT-related protein expression and exhibited liver toxicity. Therefore, LCPFACs induced EMT, influencing cancer metastasis activity, and displayed higher toxicity in vivo compared with SCPFACs. These findings improve our understanding of the effects of PFACs on RCC development and their corresponding in vivo toxicity, which is crucial for regulating these substances to protect public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byoung-Seok Lee
- Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea.
| | - Younhee Kim
- Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea.
| | - Heejin Park
- Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea.
| | - Wan-Jung Im
- Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyoung-Yun Han
- Department of Predictive Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yong-Bum Kim
- Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea.
| | - SunHwa Lim
- Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea.
| | - Min Heui Yoo
- Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea.
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Ma B, Wang X, Ren H, Li Y, Zhang H, Yang M, Li J. High glucose promotes the progression of colorectal cancer by activating the BMP4 signaling and inhibited by glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:594. [PMID: 37370018 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11077-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The detailed molecular mechanism between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and colorectal cancer (CRC) is still uncertain. Bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) dysregulation is implicated in T2DM and CRC, respectively. This study aims to investigate whether BMP4 can mediate the interaction of CRC with T2DM. METHODS We firstly explored the expression of BMP4 in The Cancer Genome Altas (TCGA) databases and CRC patients with or without DM from the Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital. The diabetic model of CRC cell lines in vitro and the mice model in vivo were developed to explore the BMP4 expression during CRC with or without diabetes. Further inhibition of BMP4 to observe its effects on CRC. Also, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) was used to verify the underlying mechanism of hypoglycemic drugs on CRC via BMP4. RESULTS BMP4 expression was upregulated in CRC patients, and significantly higher in CRC patients with diabetes (P < 0.05). High glucose-induced insulin resistance (IR)-CRC cells and diabetic mice with metastasis model of CRC had increased BMP4 expression, activated BMP4-Smad1/5/8 pathway, and improved proliferative and metastatic ability mediated by epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). And, treated CRC cells with exogenously BMP inhibitor-Noggin or transfected with lentivirus (sh-BMP4) could block the upregulated metastatic ability of CRC cells induced by IR. Meanwhile, GLP-1R was downregulated by high glucose-induced IR while unregulated by BMP4 inhibitor noggin, and treated GLP-1RA could suppress the proliferation of CRC cells induced by IR through downregulated BMP4. CONCLUSIONS BMP4 increased by high glucose promoted the EMT of CRC. The mechanism of the BMP4/Smad pathway was related to the susceptible metastasis of high glucose-induced IR-CRC. The commonly used hypoglycemic drug, GLP-1RA, inhibited the growth and promoted the apoptosis of CRC through the downregulation of BMP4. The result of our study suggested that BMP4 might serve as a therapeutic target in CRC patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingwei Ma
- Colorectal Cancer Central, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 301 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Xingchun Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, 301 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China
- Thyroid Research Center of Shanghai, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, 301 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Hui Ren
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yingying Li
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Haijiao Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Huadong Hospital affiliated with Fudan University, 221 West Yanan Road, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Muqing Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, 301 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Jiyu Li
- Geriatric Cancer Center, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, 221 West Yanan Road, Shanghai, 200040, China.
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Carnielli CM, Melo de Lima Morais T, Malta de Sá Patroni F, Prado Ribeiro AC, Brandão TB, Sobroza E, Matos LL, Kowalski LP, Paes Leme AF, Kawahara R, Thaysen-Andersen M. Comprehensive glycoprofiling of oral tumours associates N-glycosylation with lymph node metastasis and patient survival. Mol Cell Proteomics 2023:100586. [PMID: 37268159 PMCID: PMC10336694 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2023.100586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
While altered protein glycosylation is regarded a trait of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), the heterogeneous and dynamic glycoproteome of tumour tissues from OSCC patients remain unmapped. To this end, we here employ an integrated multi-omics approach comprising unbiased and quantitative glycomics and glycoproteomics applied to a cohort of resected primary tumour tissues from OSCC patients with (n = 19) and without (n = 12) lymph node metastasis. While all tumour tissues displayed relatively uniform N-glycome profiles suggesting overall stable global N-glycosylation during disease progression, altered expression of six sialylated N-glycans was found to correlate with lymph node metastasis. Notably, glycoproteomics and advanced statistical analyses uncovered altered site-specific N-glycosylation revealing previously unknown associations with several clinicopathological features. Importantly, the glycomics and glycoproteomics data unveiled that comparatively high abundance of two core-fucosylated and sialylated N-glycans (Glycan 40a and Glycan 46a) and one N-glycopeptide from fibronectin were associated with low patient survival, while a relatively low abundance of N-glycopeptides from both afamin and CD59 were also associated with poor survival. This study provides novel insight into the complex OSCC tissue N-glycoproteome forming an important resource to further explore the underpinning disease mechanisms and uncover new prognostic glyco-markers for OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Moretto Carnielli
- Laboratório de Espectrometria de Massas, Laboratório Nacional de Biociências (LNBio), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Campinas, 13083-970 SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ana Carolina Prado Ribeiro
- Serviço de Odontologia Oncológica, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, ICESP-FMUSP, São Paulo, 01246-000 SP, Brazil; Universidade Brasil, Fernandópolis, 15600-000 SP, Brazil
| | - Thaís Bianca Brandão
- Serviço de Odontologia Oncológica, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, ICESP-FMUSP, São Paulo, 01246-000 SP, Brazil
| | - Evandro Sobroza
- Serviço de Odontologia Oncológica, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, ICESP-FMUSP, São Paulo, 01246-000 SP, Brazil
| | - Leandro Luongo Matos
- Serviço de Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, ICESP-FMUSP, São Paulo, 01246-000 SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz Paulo Kowalski
- Departamento de Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço e Otorrinolaringologia, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, SP, 01509-900, Brazil; Departamento de Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo - USP, São Paulo, SP, 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Adriana Franco Paes Leme
- Laboratório de Espectrometria de Massas, Laboratório Nacional de Biociências (LNBio), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Campinas, 13083-970 SP, Brazil.
| | - Rebeca Kawahara
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW-2109, Australia; Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan.
| | - Morten Thaysen-Andersen
- School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW-2109, Australia; Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan.
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Ji S, Xu M, Cai C, He X. MESP1-knockdown inhibits the proliferation and epithelial mesenchymal transition of hepatocellular carcinoma and enhances the tumor-suppressive effect of 5-fluorouracil. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 670:1-11. [PMID: 37271034 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Primary liver hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third most deadly malignancy worldwide,in part, because it is often diagnosed at an advanced stage. Thus, molecular markers are needed to aid in the early diagnosis and treatment of HCC. Expression of abnormal mesoderm posterior-1 (MESP1) promotes tumorigenesis; however,its role in the regulation of HCC proliferation, apoptosis,and invasion is unknown. Here,we analyzed data in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)and Genotype Tissue Expression (GTEx) databases on the pan-cancer expression of MESP1 and its relationship with clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with HCC. The expression of MESP1 was measured in 48 HCC tissues using immunohistochemical staining,and the results were correlated with clinical stage, tumor differentiation, tumor size,and metastasis. MESP1 expression was downregulated using small interfering RNA (siRNA) in the HCC cell lines HepG2 and Hep3B,and cell viability, proliferation,cell cycle, apoptosis,and invasion were analyzed. Finally,we also evaluated the tumor suppression effect of MESP1 downregulation combined with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment. Our results showed that MESP1 is a pan-oncogene associated with poor prognosis in patients with HCC. siRNA-induced downregulation of MESP1 expression in HepG2 and Hep3B cells exhibited downregulation of β-catenin and GSK3β expression 48h after transfection, along with an increase in apoptosis rate, arrest in the G1-S phase,and a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential. Moreover,the expression levels of c-Myc, PARP1, bcl2, Snail1, MMP9, and immune checkpoint genes (TIGIT, CTLA4,LAG3,CD274,and PDCD1) were downregulated, while those of caspase3 and E-cadherin were upregulated. Tumor cells also showed decreased migration ability. Furthermore, siRNA interference of MESP1 expression combined with 5-FU-treatment of HCC cells significantly enhanced the G1-S phase block and apoptosis. MESP1 showed an aberrant high expression in HCC and was associated with poor clinical outcomes; therefore, MESP1 may be a potential target for the diagnosis and treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqin Ji
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, China; Pathological Diagnosis Center of Chongqing Medical University, 400016, China
| | - Man Xu
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, China; Pathological Diagnosis Center of Chongqing Medical University, 400016, China.
| | - Chenyu Cai
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, China; Pathological Diagnosis Center of Chongqing Medical University, 400016, China
| | - Xinyue He
- Department of Pathology, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, China; Pathological Diagnosis Center of Chongqing Medical University, 400016, China
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Lee D, Lee TS. The Association between Metabolic Syndrome and Epithelial Cell Abnormalities Detected on Pap Smear: A Nationwide Population-Based Study. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12082954. [PMID: 37109290 PMCID: PMC10146183 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12082954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Several epidemiologic studies have suggested the correlation between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cervical cancer. The identification of epithelial cell abnormalities through cervical cytology implies lesions that may lead to cervical cancer in the long term, making screening a crucial measure for its prevention. We conducted a case-control study using data from the National Health Screening Programs under the Health Insurance System of South Korea between 2009 and 2017. Among women who underwent a Pap smear during this period, 8,606,394 tests reported negative results for epithelial cell abnormalities (controls, 93.7%), while 580,012 tests reported epithelial cell abnormalities (cases, 6.3%). Of these, the incidence of MetS was significantly higher in the case group, with 21.7% of cases and 18.4% of controls meeting the MetS criteria with p-Value of less than 0.0001; however, the effect size was small with odds ratio of 1.23. Logistic regression analysis revealed increased odds of epithelial cell abnormalities in women with MetS after adjusting for associated risk factors (AOR 1.202, 95% CI 1.195-1.210, p < 0.0001). These findings indicate that women with MetS have an elevated risk of developing epithelial cell abnormalities, reinforcing the importance of regular Pap smear screening to prevent cervical cancer progression in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayong Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul Metropolitan Government-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul 07061, Republic of Korea
| | - Taek Sang Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul Metropolitan Government-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul 07061, Republic of Korea
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Saleem HM, Ramaiah P, Gupta J, Jalil AT, Kadhim NA, Alsaikhan F, Ramírez-Coronel AA, Tayyib NA, Guo Q. Nanotechnology-empowered lung cancer therapy: From EMT role in cancer metastasis to application of nanoengineered structures for modulating growth and metastasis. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023:115942. [PMID: 37080268 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of death in both males and females, and it is the first causes of cancer-related deaths. Chemotherapy, surgery and radiotherapy are conventional treatment of lung cancer and recently, immunotherapy has been also appeared as another therapeutic strategy for lung tumor. However, since previous treatments have not been successful in cancer therapy and improving prognosis and survival rate of lung tumor patients, new studies have focused on gene therapy and targeting underlying molecular pathways involved in lung cancer progression. Nanoparticles have been emerged in treatment of lung cancer that can mediate targeted delivery of drugs and genes. Nanoparticles protect drugs and genes against unexpected interactions in blood circulation and improve their circulation time. Nanoparticles can induce phototherapy in lung cancer ablation and mediating cell death. Nanoparticles can induce photothermal and photodynamic therapy in lung cancer. The nanostructures can impair metastasis of lung cancer and suppress EMT in improving drug sensitivity. Metastasis is one of the drawbacks observed in lung cancer that promotes migration of tumor cells and allows them to establish new colony in secondary site. EMT can occur in lung cancer and promotes tumor invasion. EMT is not certain to lung cancer and it can be observed in other human cancers, but since lung cancer has highest incidence rate, understanding EMT function in lung cancer is beneficial in improving prognosis of patients. EMT induction in lung cancer promotes tumor invasion and it can also lead to drug resistance and radio-resistance. Moreover, non-coding RNAs and pharmacological compounds can regulate EMT in lung cancer and EMT-TFs such as Twist and Slug are important modulators of lung cancer invasion that are discussed in current review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiba Muwafaq Saleem
- Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Al-Maarif University College, AL-Anbar, Iraq.
| | | | - Jitendra Gupta
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, Pin Code 281406, UP, India
| | - Abduladheem Turki Jalil
- Medical Laboratories Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, 51001, Iraq.
| | | | - Fahad Alsaikhan
- College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Andrés Alexis Ramírez-Coronel
- Azogues Campus Nursing Career, Health and Behavior Research Group (HBR), Psychometry and Ethology Laboratory, Catholic University of Cuenca, Ecuador; Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Group, CES University, Colombia; Educational Statistics Research Group (GIEE), National University of Education, Ecuador
| | - Nahla A Tayyib
- Faculty of Nursing, Umm Al- Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qingdong Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
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Flores RMA, Pantaleão SQ, Araujo SC, Malpartida HMG, Honorio KM. Structural analysis of factors related to FAM3C/ILEI dimerization and identification of inhibitor candidates targeting cancer treatment. Comput Biol Chem 2023; 104:107869. [PMID: 37068312 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2023.107869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
FAM3 is a superfamily of four cytokines that maintain a single globular structure β -β -α of three classes: FAM3A, B, C and D. FAM3C was the first member of this family related to cancer and is functionally characterized as an essential factor for the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), leading to late delays in tumor progression. Due to its crucial role in EMT and metastasis, FAM3C has been termed an interleukin-like EMT (ILEI) inducer. There are several studies on the part of FAM3C in the progression of cancer and other diseases. However, little is known about its cellular receptors and possible inhibitors. In this study, based on in silico approaches, we performed structural analyses of factors related to FAM3C/ILEI dimerization. We also identified four possible inhibitor candidates, expected to be exciting prototypes and could be submitted to future biological tests targeting cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simone Queiroz Pantaleão
- Center for Mathematics, Computing, and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, 09210-170 Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Sheila Cruz Araujo
- Center for Sciences Natural and Human, Federal University of ABC, 09210-170 Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Kathia Maria Honorio
- Center for Sciences Natural and Human, Federal University of ABC, 09210-170 Santo André, SP, Brazil; School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, 03828-0000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Abe Y, Sano T, Tanaka N. The Role of PRMT5 in Immuno-Oncology. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:678. [PMID: 36980950 PMCID: PMC10048035 DOI: 10.3390/genes14030678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy has caused a paradigm shift in cancer therapeutic strategy. However, this therapy only benefits a subset of patients. The difference in responses to ICIs is believed to be dependent on cancer type and its tumor microenvironment (TME). The TME is favorable for cancer progression and metastasis and can also help cancer cells to evade immune attacks. To improve the response to ICIs, it is crucial to understand the mechanism of how the TME is maintained. Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) di-methylates arginine residues in its substrates and has essential roles in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression, signal transduction, and the fidelity of mRNA splicing. Through these functions, PRMT5 can support cancer cell immune evasion. PRMT5 is necessary for regulatory T cell (Treg) functions and promotes cancer stemness and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Specific factors in the TME can help recruit Tregs, tumor-associated macrophages, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells into tumors. In addition, PRMT5 suppresses antigen presentation and the production of interferon and chemokines, which are necessary to recruit T cells into tumors. Overall, PRMT5 supports an immunosuppressive TME. Therefore, PRMT5 inhibition would help recover the immune cycle and enable the immune system-mediated elimination of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nobuyuki Tanaka
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan
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Penta D, Natesh J, Mondal P, Meeran SM. Dietary Diindolylmethane Enhances the Therapeutic Effect of Centchroman in Breast Cancer by Inhibiting Neoangiogenesis. Nutr Cancer 2023; 75:734-749. [PMID: 36370104 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2022.2143825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Tumor angiogenesis is primarily regulated by vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptor (VEGF-VEGFR) communication, which is involved in cancer cell growth, progression, and metastasis. Diindolylmethane (DIM), a dietary bioactive from cruciferous vegetables, has been extensively studied in preclinical models for breast cancer prevention and treatment. Nevertheless, the possible role of DIM in the angiogenesis and metastasis regulations in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains elusive. Here, we investigated the potential anti-angiogenic and anti-metastatic role of DIM in combination with centchroman (CC). We observed that the oral administration of the DIM and CC combination suppressed primary tumor growth and tumor-associated vascularization in 4T1 tumors. Further, the DIM and CC combination exhibited a strong inhibitory effect on VEGF-induced angiogenesis in matrigel plugs. The mechanistic study demonstrated that DIM and CC could effectively downregulate VEGFA expression in tumor tissue and strongly interact with VEGFR2 to block its kinase activity. Interestingly, the DIM and CC combination also suppressed the lung metastasis of the highly metastatic 4T1 tumors through the downregulation of FAK/MMP9/2 signaling and reversal of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Overall, these findings suggest that DIM-based nutraceuticals and functional foods can be developed as adjuvant therapy for treating TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanamjai Penta
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Jagadish Natesh
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Priya Mondal
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Syed Musthapa Meeran
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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SLFN5 promotes reversible epithelial and mesenchymal transformation in ovarian cancer. J Ovarian Res 2023; 16:33. [PMID: 36747204 PMCID: PMC9901157 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-023-01103-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a disease with increasing incidence worldwide, and there is an urgent need for chemotherapy and biological targeted therapy. Epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) is an important initiation stage for tumor cells to acquire the ability to invade and metastasize. A growing number of findings suggest that human Schlafen family member 5(SLFN5) plays a key role in malignancy. However, the role of SLFN5 in ovarian cancer cells has not been fully elucidated. Samples were collected from patients with ovarian cancer diagnosed in Hangzhou First People's Hospital, and the expression of SLFN5 was detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR. The relationship between SLFN5 expression and the progression and malignancy of ovarian cancer was analyzed by using the expression profile data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The mRNA expression levels of SLFN5 related upstream and downstream signaling pathways were studied by fluorescence quantitative PCR. Silencing SLFN5 was performed by siRNA transfection. The expression of SLFN5 and transfer-related proteins was examined by Western blot. Transwell and wound healing experiments investigated the migration and invasion ability of ovarian cancer cells. TCGA database analysis results showed that in the population with high SLFN5 expression, compared with the group with low SLFN5 expression, OS was worse (P = 0.011). SLFN5 silencing had a significant inhibitory effect on EMT and invasion movement of ovarian cancer cells. RT-PCR method was used to detect the mRNA changes of SLFN5 in ovarian cancer tissue and adjacent tissue. It was found that the expression of SLFN5 in ovarian cancer tissue was increased, with a significant difference (P < 0.05). Together, these results suggest that SLFN5 may play a synergistic role in tumorigenesis and development of ovarian cancer cells, providing a potential target for future drug development for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
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Roy SK, Srivastava S, Hancock A, Shrivastava A, Morvant J, Shankar S, Srivastava RK. Inhibition of ribosome assembly factor PNO1 by CRISPR/Cas9 technique suppresses lung adenocarcinoma and Notch pathway: Clinical application. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:365-378. [PMID: 36625087 PMCID: PMC9889701 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth is crucially controlled by the functional ribosomes available in cells. To meet the enhanced energy demand, cancer cells re-wire and increase their ribosome biogenesis. The RNA-binding protein PNO1, a ribosome assembly factor, plays an essential role in ribosome biogenesis. The purpose of this study was to examine whether PNO1 can be used as a biomarker for lung adenocarcinoma and also examine the molecular mechanisms by which PNO1 knockdown by CRISPR/Cas9 inhibited growth and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The expression of PNO1 was significantly higher in lung adenocarcinoma compared to normal lung tissues. PNO1 expression in lung adenocarcinoma patients increased with stage, nodal metastasis, and smoking. Lung adenocarcinoma tissues from males expressed higher PNO1 than those from females. Furthermore, lung adenocarcinoma tissues with mutant Tp53 expressed higher PNO1 than those with wild-type Tp53, suggesting the influence of Tp53 status on PNO1 expression. PNO1 knockdown inhibited cell viability, colony formation, and EMT, and induced apoptosis. Since dysregulated signalling through the Notch receptors promotes lung adenocarcinoma, we measured the effects of PNO1 inhibition on the Notch pathway. PNO1 knockdown inhibited Notch signalling by suppressing the expression of Notch receptors, their ligands, and downstream targets. PNO1 knockdown also suppressed CCND1, p21, PTGS-2, IL-1α, IL-8, and CXCL-8 genes. Overall, our data suggest that PNO1 can be used as a diagnostic biomarker, and also can be an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjit K. Roy
- Louisiana State University Health‐New Orleans, School of MedicineStanley S. Scott Cancer CenterNew OrleansLouisianaUSA,Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care SystemNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
| | | | - Andrew Hancock
- Department of Molecular and Cellular BiologyTulane UniversityNew OrleansLouisianaUSA
| | | | - Jason Morvant
- Department of SurgeryOchsner Health SystemGretnaLouisianaUSA
| | - Sharmila Shankar
- Louisiana State University Health‐New Orleans, School of MedicineStanley S. Scott Cancer CenterNew OrleansLouisianaUSA,Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care SystemNew OrleansLouisianaUSA,Department of GeneticsLouisiana State University Health Sciences CenterNew OrleansLouisianaUSA,John W. Deming Department of MedicineTulane University School of MedicineNew OrleansLouisianaUSA,Kansas City VA Medical CenterKansas CityMissouriUSA
| | - Rakesh K. Srivastava
- Louisiana State University Health‐New Orleans, School of MedicineStanley S. Scott Cancer CenterNew OrleansLouisianaUSA,Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care SystemNew OrleansLouisianaUSA,Department of GeneticsLouisiana State University Health Sciences CenterNew OrleansLouisianaUSA,Kansas City VA Medical CenterKansas CityMissouriUSA
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Baumgartner C, Yadav AK, Chefetz I. AMPK-like proteins and their function in female reproduction and gynecologic cancer. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2023; 134:245-270. [PMID: 36858738 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2022.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Serine-threonine kinase (STK11), also known as liver kinase B1 (LKB1), is a regulator of cellular homeostasis through regulating the cellular ATP-to-ADP ratio. LKB1 is classified as a tumor suppressor and functions as the key activator of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and a family of serine-threonine kinases called AMPK-like proteins. These proteins include novel (nua) kinase family 1 (NUAK1 and 2), salt inducible kinase (SIK1), QIK (known as SIK2), QSK (known as SIK3 kinase), and maternal embryonic leuzine zipper kinase (MELK) on tightly controlled and specific residual sites. LKB1 also regulates brain selective kinases 1 and 2 (BRSK1 and 2), additional members of AMPK-like protein family, which functions are probably less studied. AMPK-like proteins play a role in variety of reproductive physiology functions such as follicular maturation, menopause, embryogenesis, oocyte maturation, and preimplantation development. In addition, dysfunctional activity of AMPK-like proteins contributes to apoptosis blockade in cancer cells and induction of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition required for metastasis. Dysregulation of these proteins occurs in ovarian, endometrial, and cervical cancers. AMPK-like proteins are still undergoing further classification and may represent novel targets for targeted gynecologic cancer therapies. In this chapter, we describe the AMPK-like family of proteins and their roles in reproductive physiology and gynecologic cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anil Kumar Yadav
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, United States
| | - Ilana Chefetz
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, United States; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States; Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
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Brylka S, Böhrnsen F. EMT and Tumor Turning Point Analysis in 3D Spheroid Culture of HNSCC and Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10123283. [PMID: 36552039 PMCID: PMC9776380 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The prognosis, metastasis, and behavior of head and neck squamous cancer cells are influenced by numerous factors concerning the tumor microenvironment, intercellular communication, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The aim of this study was to examine the codependent interaction of the mesenchymal stroma with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in a 3D spheroid structure. To simulate stroma-rich and -poor 3D tumor microenvironments, cells of the established cell SCC-040 were cultured with human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), forming 3D stroma-tumor spheroids (STSs). STSs were compared to uniform spheroids of SCC-040 and MSC, respectively. The expressions of CD24, β-catenin, SNAI2, and ZEB2 were analyzed via RT-qPCR. The immunohistochemical expressions of E-cadherin, connexin 43, vimentin, and emmprin were analyzed, and protein expression pathways as well as Akt signaling were assessed via protein analysis. A promotive effect on the expressions of EMT markers ZEB2 (p = 0.0099), SNAI2 (p = 0.0352), and β-catenin (p = 0.0031) was demonstrated in STSs, as was the expression of Akt pathway proteins mTOR (p = 0.007), Erk1/2 (p = 0.0045), and p70 S6 Kinase (p = 0.0016). Our study demonstrated a change in genetic expression patterns early on in tumor development, indicating a tumor turning point.
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Wei W, Wang J, Hu Y, Chen S, Liu J. Emodin reverses resistance to gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer by suppressing stemness through regulation of the epithelial‑mesenchymal transition. Exp Ther Med 2022; 25:7. [PMID: 36545274 PMCID: PMC9748633 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to explore the effects and underlying mechanisms of emodin (Emo) on gemcitabine (GEM)-resistant pancreatic cancer. GEM-resistant SW1990 cells (SW1990/GZ) were established by successively doubling the concentration of GEM. Cell viability was measured using the CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry was used to measure cell apoptosis. Cell migration was assessed using a Transwell assay. Sphere and colony-formation assays were used to evaluate cell self-renewal. The expression levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stem cell biomarkers were determined using western blotting. Snail family transcriptional repressor 1 gene (Snail) was overexpressed by transfecting cells with pcDNA3.1-Snail plasmids. A xenograft model was established in nude mice by using SW1990/GZ and Snail-overexpressing SW1990/GZ cells. Proliferation, migration, self-renewal and EMT progression of GEM-treated SW1990/GZ cells were significantly suppressed in vitro by Emo treatment, whereas the overexpression of Snail abolished the aforementioned effects. In in vivo, the antitumor activity of GEM and the inhibitory effect of GEM against EMT progression and stem-like characteristics were enhanced by treatment with Emo, whilst overexpression of Snail reversed these effects. In conclusion, Emo reversed GEM resistance in pancreatic cancer by suppressing stemness and regulating EMT progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weitian Wei
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Jiangfeng Wang
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Yuqian Hu
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Chen
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Jinshi Liu
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Dr Jinshi Liu, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
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Islam MS, Morshed MR, Babu G, Khan MA. The role of inflammations and EMT in carcinogenesis. ADVANCES IN CANCER BIOLOGY - METASTASIS 2022; 5:100055. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adcanc.2022.100055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
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Identification of key somatic oncogenic mutation based on a confounder-free causal inference model. PLoS Comput Biol 2022; 18:e1010529. [PMID: 36137089 PMCID: PMC9499235 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal cell proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) are the essential events that induce cancer initiation and progression. A fundamental goal in cancer research is to develop an efficient method to detect mutational genes capable of driving cancer. Although several computational methods have been proposed to identify these key mutations, many of them focus on the association between genetic mutations and functional changes in relevant biological processes, but not their real causality. Causal effect inference provides a way to estimate the real induce effect of a certain mutation on vital biological processes of cancer initiation and progression, through addressing the confounder bias due to neutral mutations and unobserved latent variables. In this study, integrating genomic and transcriptomic data, we construct a novel causal inference model based on a deep variational autoencoder to identify key oncogenic somatic mutations. Applied to 10 cancer types, our method quantifies the causal effect of genetic mutations on cell proliferation and EMT by reducing both observed and unobserved confounding biases. The experimental results indicate that genes with higher mutation frequency do not necessarily mean they are more potent in inducing cancer and promoting cancer development. Moreover, our study fills a gap in the use of machine learning for causal inference to identify oncogenic mutations. Identifying key mutations of cancers is helpful to better understand the mechanisms of cancer cell transformation and is critical for therapeutic approaches. Besides sequence and structure-based computational approaches, some functional impact-based methods which consider the association between mutation events and the activity of cancer-related biological processes have also been developed to detect key mutations. However, these methods mainly consider the correlation but ignore that the correlation is far from causality due to the existence of observed and unobserved confounding factors. We develop a confounder-free machine learning-based causal inference framework to estimate the causal effect of mutations on abnormal cell proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). It fills a gap in the use of causal mechanisms to discover potential driver mutations in cancer biological systems. Applying our method to 10 cancer types, the identified key mutations are highly consistent with public well-verified ones. Additionally, some new key mutations have also been discovered.
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Li F, Song QZ, Zhang YF, Wang XR, Cao LM, Li N, Zhao LX, Zhang SX, Zhuang XF. Identifying the EMT-related signature to stratify prognosis and evaluate the tumor microenvironment in lung adenocarcinoma. Front Genet 2022; 13:1008416. [PMID: 36186418 PMCID: PMC9523218 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1008416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical process in tumor invasion and metastasis. EMT has been shown to significantly influence the invasion, metastasis, and poor prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). This study aimed to develop a novel EMT-related prognostic model capable of predicting overall survival (OS) in patients with LUAD. Methods: A total of 283 LUAD patients from TCGA RNA-seq dataset were assigned to a training cohort for model building, and 310 LUAD patients from GEO RNA-seq dataset were assigned to a validation cohort. EMT genes were acquired from MsigDB database and then prognosis-related EMT genes were identified by univariate Cox regression. Lasso regression was then performed to determine the genes and the corresponding variables to construct a prognosis risk model from the training cohort. Furthermore, characteristics of the tumor microenvironment (TME), mutation status and chemotherapy responses were analyzed to assess the differences between the two risk groups based on the prognostic model. In addition, RT-qPCR was employed to validate the expression patterns of the 6 genes derived from the risk model. Results: A six-gene EMT signature (PMEPA1, LOXL2, PLOD2, MMP14, SPOCK1 and DCN) was successfully constructed and validated. The signature assigned the LUAD patients into high-risk and low-risk groups. In comparison with the low-risk group, patients in the high-risk group had a significantly lower survival rate. ROC curves and calibration curves for the risk model demonstrated reliable stratification and predictive ability. The risk model was robustly correlated with multiple TME characteristics. Besides, the data showed that patients in the low-risk group had more immune activities, higher stemness scores and cytolytic activity scores and higher TMB. In addition, RT-qPCR results revealed that PMEPA1, LOXL2, PLOD2, MMP14, and SPOCK1 were notably upregulated in LUAD tissues, while DCN was downregulated. Conclusion: Our study successfully developed a novel EMT-related signature to predict prognosis of LUAD patients and guide treatment strategies. The six genes derived from the prediction signature might play a potential role in antitumor immunity and serve as promising therapeutic targets in LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital, Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Qing-Zhen Song
- Department of Special Geriatrics, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital, Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yi-Fan Zhang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xing-Ru Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Li-Min Cao
- The First Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Nan Li
- The School of Basic Medicine of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Ling-Xia Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- *Correspondence: Ling-Xia Zhao, ; Sheng-Xiao Zhang, ; Xiao-Fei Zhuang,
| | - Sheng-Xiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, China
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- *Correspondence: Ling-Xia Zhao, ; Sheng-Xiao Zhang, ; Xiao-Fei Zhuang,
| | - Xiao-Fei Zhuang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital, Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- *Correspondence: Ling-Xia Zhao, ; Sheng-Xiao Zhang, ; Xiao-Fei Zhuang,
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Ranković B, Boštjančič E, Zidar N, Žlajpah M, Jeruc J. miR-200b, ZEB2 and PTPN13 Are Downregulated in Colorectal Carcinoma with Serosal Invasion. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092149. [PMID: 36140249 PMCID: PMC9496117 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Serosal invasion is an independent negative prognostic factor in certain cancers, including CRC. However, the mechanisms behind serosal invasion are poorly understood. We therefore assumed that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) might be involved. Our study included 34 patients with CRC, 3 stage pT2, 14 stage pT3 and 17 showing serosal invasion (stage pT4a according to TNM staging system). RNA isolated from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples was analysed for expression of the miR-200 family and their target genes CDKN1B, ONECUT2, PTPN13, RND3, SOX2, TGFB2 and ZEB2 using real-time PCR. We found upregulation of miR-200b and ONECUT2 in CRC pT3 and pT4a compared to normal mucosa, and downregulation of CDKN1B in CRC pT3. Moreover, we observed, downregulation of miR-200b, PTPN13 and ZEB2 in CRC with serosal invasion (pT4a) compared to pT3. Our results suggest the involvement of partial EMT in serosal invasion of CRC. In addition, PTPN13 seems to be one of the important regulators involved in serosal invasion, and ONECUT2 in tumour growth.
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Sala F, Ficorella C, Osellame R, Käs JA, Martínez Vázquez R. Microfluidic Lab-on-a-Chip for Studies of Cell Migration under Spatial Confinement. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12080604. [PMID: 36004998 PMCID: PMC9405557 DOI: 10.3390/bios12080604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Understanding cell migration is a key step in unraveling many physiological phenomena and predicting several pathologies, such as cancer metastasis. In particular, confinement has been proven to be a key factor in the cellular migration strategy choice. As our insight in the field improves, new tools are needed in order to empower biologists’ analysis capabilities. In this framework, microfluidic devices have been used to engineer the mechanical and spatial stimuli and to investigate cellular migration response in a more controlled way. In this work, we will review the existing technologies employed in the realization of microfluidic cellular migration assays, namely the soft lithography of PDMS and hydrogels and femtosecond laser micromachining. We will give an overview of the state of the art of these devices, focusing on the different geometrical configurations that have been exploited to study specific aspects of cellular migration. Our scope is to highlight the advantages and possibilities given by each approach and to envisage the future developments in in vitro migration studies under spatial confinement in microfluidic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Sala
- Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies, CNR, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Carlotta Ficorella
- Peter Debye Institute for Soft Matter Physics, University of Leipzig, 04109 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Roberto Osellame
- Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies, CNR, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Josef A. Käs
- Peter Debye Institute for Soft Matter Physics, University of Leipzig, 04109 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rebeca Martínez Vázquez
- Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies, CNR, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Correspondence:
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50
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Liu T, Huang T, Shang M, Han G. CircRNA ITCH: Insight Into Its Role and Clinical Application Prospect in Tumor and Non-Tumor Diseases. Front Genet 2022; 13:927541. [PMID: 35910224 PMCID: PMC9335290 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.927541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CircRNA E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (ITCH) (circRNA ITCH, circ-ITCH), a stable closed-loop RNA derived from the 20q11.22 region of chromosome 20, is a new circRNA discovered in the cytoplasm in recent decades. Studies have shown that it does not encode proteins, but regulates proteins expression at different levels. It is down-regulated in tumor diseases and is involved in a number of biological activities, including inhibiting cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and promoting apoptosis. It can also alter disease progression in non-tumor disease by affecting the cell cycle, inflammatory response, and critical proteins. Circ-ITCH also holds a lot of promise in terms of tumor and non-tumor clinical diagnosis, prognosis, and targeted therapy. As a result, in order to aid clinical research in the hunt for a new strategy for diagnosing and treating human diseases, this study describes the mechanism of circ-ITCH as well as its clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mei Shang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Gang Han
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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