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Adhikari B, Parajuli P, Lippmann S. Countering antimicrobial resistance. Pulmonology 2025; 31:2411807. [PMID: 39883498 DOI: 10.1080/25310429.2024.2411807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2025] Open
Affiliation(s)
- B Adhikari
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - P Parajuli
- Department of Medicine, Essen Health Care, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - S Lippmann
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
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2
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Cunningham AL, Sandgren KJ, Taylor J. Current status of immunisation for herpes zoster. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2025; 21:2445384. [PMID: 39761810 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2445384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2024] [Revised: 12/05/2024] [Accepted: 12/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2025] Open
Abstract
Herpes zoster (HZ) is increasingly common in the aging and is experienced by approximately one in three people in their lifetime. It is also relatively common in immune-compromised people. Acute HZ causes severe pain, reduced quality of life and severe complications, including prolonged pain, or postherpetic neuralgia (PHN), and ocular zoster, which may rarely progress to blindness. In severely immune-compromised people disseminated zoster may affect the brain and liver. A second-generation vaccine, the Recombinant Zoster Vaccine, consisting of recombinant viral glycoprotein E and the Adjuvant System 01 (AS01B), now offers >90% efficacy against HZ and associated complications in immune-competent people. Efficacy persists above 80% for 11 years. In severely immune-compromised patients, the vaccine is safe with efficacy and/or immunogenicity of 68-87%. There is also excellent immunogenicity for those on JAK inhibitors and corticosteroid therapy. The vaccine offers a paradigm for successful and durable immunization in the aging and immune-compromised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Lawrence Cunningham
- Centre for Virus Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Institute for Infectious Disease (Sydney ID) at the Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kerrie Jane Sandgren
- Centre for Virus Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Institute for Infectious Disease (Sydney ID) at the Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Janette Taylor
- Centre for Virus Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
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3
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Guimarães JG, de Campos GY, Machado MP, Oliveira Brito PKM, dos Reis TF, Goldman GH, Bonini Palma PV, de Campos Fraga-Silva TF, Cavallin DCU, Venturini J, da Silva TA. A novel mannan-specific chimeric antigen receptor M-CAR redirects T cells to interact with Candida spp. hyphae and Rhizopus oryzae spores. Bioengineered 2025; 16:2458786. [PMID: 39891522 PMCID: PMC11792852 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2025.2458786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2025] Open
Abstract
Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) are responsible for elevated rates of morbidity and mortality, causing around of 1.5 million deaths annually worldwide. One of the main causative agents of IFIs is Candida albicans, and non-albicans Candida species have emerged as a spreading global public health concernment. Furthermore, COVID-19 has contributed to a boost in the incidence of IFIs, such as mucormycosis, in which Rhizopus oryzae is the most prevalent causative agent. The effector host immune response against IFIs depends on the activity of T cells, which are susceptible to the regulatory effects triggered by fungal virulence factors. The fungal cell wall plays a crucial role as a virulence factor, and its remodeling compromises the development of a specific T-cell response. The redirection of Jurkat T cells to target Candida spp. by recognizing targets expressed on the fungal cell wall can be facilitated using chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) technology. This study generated an M-CAR that contains an scFv with specificity to α-1,6 mannose backbone of fungal mannan, and the expression of M-CAR on the surface of modified Jurkat cells triggered a strong activation against Candida albicans (hyphae form), Candida tropicalis (hyphae form), Candida parapsilosis (pseudohyphal form), and Candida glabrata (yeast form). Moreover, M-CAR Jurkat cells recognized Rhizopus oryzae spores, which induced high expression of cell activation markers. Thus, a novel Mannan-specific CAR enabled strong signal transduction in modified Jurkat cells in the presence of Candida spp. or R. oryzae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlia Garcia Guimarães
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Araraquara, Sao Paulo State University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Yamazaki de Campos
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Michele Procópio Machado
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Patricia Vianna Bonini Palma
- Center for Cell-Based Therapy, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - James Venturini
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Thiago Aparecido da Silva
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Araraquara, Sao Paulo State University, São Paulo, Brazil
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4
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Woo S, Park PG, An T, Fatima M, Moon YE, Lee SY, Youn H, Hong KJ. Mini-review on the therapeutic vaccines targeting chronic infectious diseases: Evaluation system of therapeutic vaccines targeting HPV and EBV-related cancers. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2025; 21:2457187. [PMID: 39957237 PMCID: PMC11834422 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2025.2457187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2024] [Revised: 01/05/2025] [Accepted: 01/17/2025] [Indexed: 02/18/2025] Open
Abstract
Chronic infectious diseases are threatening human health today, and their public health severity is increasing. The efficacy issues of drugs and the increase in drug-resistant pathogens require new response strategies for chronic infectious diseases, and therapeutic vaccines have recently been proposed as an effective alternative. However, research on therapeutic vaccines is still relatively underdeveloped. To solve this problem, an accurate understanding of the status and the challenge at hand of therapeutic vaccines targeting chronic infectious diseases is needed. In the present review, we provide an overview of the latest research trends in therapeutic vaccines targeting chronic infectious diseases and summarize the development status of therapeutic vaccines currently undergoing clinical research, focusing on the cases of human papillomavirus (HPV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) as representative examples. We highlight the importance of standard methods for the evaluation of therapeutic vaccine, focusing on the cell-mediated immune response, which might accelerate therapeutic vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungkyun Woo
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Pil-Gu Park
- Department of Microbiology, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
- Korea mRNA Vaccine Initiative, Gachon University, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Timothy An
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Munazza Fatima
- Department of Microbiology, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Ye-Eun Moon
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Seok-Yong Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Imaging Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyewon Youn
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cancer Imaging Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kee-Jong Hong
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, GAIHST, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
- Department of Microbiology, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
- Korea mRNA Vaccine Initiative, Gachon University, Seongnam, Korea
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5
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Duan X, Liu W, Xiao Y, Rao M, Ji L, Wan X, Han S, Lin Z, Liu H, Chen P, Qiao K, Zheng M, Shen J, Zhou Y, Asakawa T, Xiao M, Lu H. Exploration of the feasibility of clinical application of phage treatment for multidrug-resistant Serratia marcescens-induced pulmonary infection. Emerg Microbes Infect 2025; 14:2451048. [PMID: 39764739 PMCID: PMC11740298 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2025.2451048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 12/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2025] [Indexed: 01/18/2025]
Abstract
Serratia marcescens (S. marcescens) commonly induces refractory infection due to its multidrug-resistant nature. To date, there have been no reports on the application of phage treatment for S. marcescens infection. This study was conducted to explore the feasibility of phage application in treating refractory S. marcescens infection by collaborating with a 59-year-old male patient with a pulmonary infection of multidrug-resistant S. marcescens. Our experiments included three domains: i) selection of the appropriate phage, ii) verification of the efficacy and safety of the selected phage, iii) confirmation of phage-bacteria interactions. Our results showed that phage Spe5P4 is appropriate for S. marcescens infection. Treatment with phage Spe5P4 showed good efficacy, manifested as amelioration of symptoms, hydrothorax examinations, and chest computed tomography findings. Phage treatment did not worsen hepatic and renal function, immunity-related indices, or indices of routine blood examination. It did not induce or deteriorate drug resistance of the involved antibiotics. Importantly, no adverse events were reported during the treatment or follow-up periods. Thus, phage treatment showed satisfactory safety. Finally, we found that phage treatment did not increase the bacterial load, cytotoxicity, virulence, or phage resistance of S. marcescens, indicating satisfactory phage-bacteria interactions between Spe5P4 and S. marcescens, which are useful for the future application of phage Spe5P4 against S. marcescens. This work provides evidence and a working basis for further application of phage Spe5P4 in treating refractory S. marcescens infections. We also provided a methodological basis for investigating clinical application of phage treatment against multidrug-resistant bacterial infections in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangke Duan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenfeng Liu
- BGI Research, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanyu Xiao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Man Rao
- Department of Infection and Immunology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liyin Ji
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaofu Wan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuhong Han
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Infection and Immunology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zixun Lin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haichen Liu
- BGI Research, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peifen Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kun Qiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingbin Zheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Neurology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiayin Shen
- Department of Science and Education, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Infection and Immunology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tetsuya Asakawa
- Institute of Neurology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Minfeng Xiao
- BGI Research, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongzhou Lu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Neurology, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
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6
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Sun X. Dilemma in prevention of pertussis infection among infants under six months in China. Expert Rev Vaccines 2025; 24:138-145. [PMID: 39869378 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2025.2459745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 01/19/2025] [Accepted: 01/24/2025] [Indexed: 01/28/2025]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pertussis poses a significant threat to infants under six months due to their immature immune systems, limited maternal antibody protection, and constraints in the vaccination schedule. Despite vaccination efforts, this group remains highly susceptible to severe complications. Addressing these challenges is crucial for improving the health outcomes of infants in China. AREAS COVERED This review examines the primary challenges in preventing pertussis infections among infants under six months in China, focusing on factors such as underdeveloped immune system and inadequate maternal antibody protection. It analyzes limitations in current vaccination strategies and the impact of socio-cultural factors, healthcare resource distribution, and surveillance inadequacies. A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify potential solutions, including enhancing maternal immunization, adjusting early vaccination strategies, increasing vaccine coverage, and developing new vaccines. The review synthesizes current research findings and data to provide a detailed overview of these issues. EXPERT OPINION Infants under six months are particularly vulnerable to pertussis. Early and effective prevention strategies, such as enhanced maternal immunization and adjusted vaccination schedules, are needed. Increasing vaccine coverage and developing safer, more immunogenic vaccines are essential. Policymakers should prioritize these measures to reduce pertussis incidence and complications among infants in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Sun
- Department of Expanded Program on Immunization, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
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7
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Bi H, Wang F, Lin L, Zhang D, Chen M, Shang Y, Hua L, Chen H, Wu B, Peng Z. The T-type voltage-gated Ca 2+ channel Ca V3.1 involves in the disruption of respiratory epithelial barrier induced by Pasteurella multocida toxin. Virulence 2025; 16:2466482. [PMID: 39950866 PMCID: PMC11834503 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2025.2466482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2024] [Revised: 01/23/2025] [Accepted: 02/09/2025] [Indexed: 02/16/2025] Open
Abstract
Pasteurella multocida toxin (PMT) is an exotoxin produced by several members of the zoonotic respiratory pathogen P. multocida. The role of PMT in disrupting the mammalian respiratory barrier remains to be elucidated. In this study, we showed that inoculation of recombinantly expressed PMT increased the permeability of the respiratory epithelial barrier in mouse and respiratory cell models. This was evidenced by a decreased expression of tight junctions (ZO-1, occludin) and adherens junctions (β-catenin, E-cadherin), as well as enhanced cytoskeletal rearrangement. In mechanism, we demonstrated that PMT inoculation induced cytoplasmic Ca2+ inflow, leading to an imbalance of cellular Ca2+ homoeostasis and endoplasmic reticulum stress. This process further stimulated the RhoA/ROCK signalling, promoting cytoskeletal rearrangement and reducing the expression of tight junctions and adherens junctions. Notably, the T-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channel CaV3.1 was found to participate in PMT-induced cytoplasmic Ca2+ inflow. Knocking out CaV3.1 significantly reduced the cytotoxicity induced by PMT on swine respiratory epithelial cells and mitigated cytoplasmic Ca2+ inflow stimulated by PMT. These findings suggest CaV3.1 contributes to PMT-induced respiratory epithelial barrier disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixin Bi
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Frontiers Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Fei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Frontiers Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Lin
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Frontiers Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Dajun Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Frontiers Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Menghan Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Frontiers Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuyao Shang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Frontiers Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Hua
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Frontiers Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Huanchun Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Frontiers Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Bin Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Frontiers Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhong Peng
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- Frontiers Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
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Yu J, Tang H, Chen Y, Wang Z, Huang W, Zhou T, Wen B, Wang C, Gu S, Ni J, Tao J, Wang D, Lu J, Xie Q, Yao YF. Salmonella utilizes L-arabinose to silence virulence gene expression for accelerated pathogen growth within the host. Gut Microbes 2025; 17:2467187. [PMID: 39954030 PMCID: PMC11834461 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2025.2467187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2024] [Revised: 01/11/2025] [Accepted: 02/05/2025] [Indexed: 02/17/2025] Open
Abstract
Carbon source is an important nutrient for bacteria to sustain growth and often acts as a signal that modulates virulence expression. L-arabinose is produced by plants and plays an important role in regulating the global gene expression of bacteria. Previously, we have shown that L-arabinose induces a more severe systemic infection in Salmonella-infected mice with normal microbiota, but does not affect the disease progression in mice with microbiota depleted by antibiotic treatment. The underlying mechanism remains elusive. In this study, we demonstrate that L-arabinose represses the expression of Salmonella type III secretion system 1 (T3SS-1) genes by negatively regulating the activity of the cyclic 3' 5'-AMP (cAMP)-cAMP receptor protein (CRP) complex. The cAMP-CRP complex can activate ribosome-associated inhibitor A, encoded by yfiA, to maintain the stability of HilD, a key transcriptional regulator of T3SS-1. L-arabinose supplementation promotes Salmonella initial bloom in the antibiotic-pretreated mouse gut and ultimately compensates for reduced virulence within the host. These results decipher the molecular mechanism by which cAMP-CRP directs regulatory changes of virulence in response to L-arabinose in Salmonella. It further implies that Salmonella exploits L-arabinose both as a nutrient and a regulatory signal to maintain a balance between growth and virulence within the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingchen Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huang Tang
- Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenesis, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yana Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Anhui Provincial Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zuoqiang Wang
- Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenesis, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanqiu Huang
- Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenesis, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenesis, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bingjie Wen
- Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenesis, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengyue Wang
- Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenesis, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuang Gu
- Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenesis, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinjing Ni
- Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenesis, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Tao
- Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenesis, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Danni Wang
- Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenesis, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Lu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Xie
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Feng Yao
- Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenesis, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Infectious Diseases (20dz2261100), Shanghai Key Laboratory of Emergency Prevention, Shanghai, China
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9
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Lin A, Jiang A, Huang L, Li Y, Zhang C, Zhu L, Mou W, Liu Z, Zhang J, Cheng Q, Wei T, Luo P. From chaos to order: optimizing fecal microbiota transplantation for enhanced immune checkpoint inhibitors efficacy. Gut Microbes 2025; 17:2452277. [PMID: 39826104 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2025.2452277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2024] [Revised: 11/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2025] [Indexed: 01/22/2025] Open
Abstract
The integration of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) presents a promising approach for enhancing cancer treatment efficacy and overcoming therapeutic resistance. This review critically examines the controversial effects of FMT on ICIs outcomes and elucidates the underlying mechanisms. We investigate how FMT modulates gut microbiota composition, microbial metabolite profiles, and the tumor microenvironment, thereby influencing ICIs effectiveness. Key factors influencing FMT efficacy, including donor selection criteria, recipient characteristics, and administration protocols, are comprehensively discussed. The review delineates strategies for optimizing FMT formulations and systematically monitoring post-transplant microbiome dynamics. Through a comprehensive synthesis of evidence from clinical trials and preclinical studies, we elucidate the potential benefits and challenges of combining FMT with ICIs across diverse cancer types. While some studies report improved outcomes, others indicate no benefit or potential adverse effects, emphasizing the complexity of host-microbiome interactions in cancer immunotherapy. We outline critical research directions, encompassing the need for large-scale, multi-center randomized controlled trials, in-depth microbial ecology studies, and the integration of multi-omics approaches with artificial intelligence. Regulatory and ethical challenges are critically addressed, underscoring the imperative for standardized protocols and rigorous long-term safety assessments. This comprehensive review seeks to guide future research endeavors and clinical applications of FMT-ICIs combination therapy, with the potential to improve cancer patient outcomes while ensuring both safety and efficacy. As this rapidly evolving field advances, maintaining a judicious balance between openness to innovation and cautious scrutiny is crucial for realizing the full potential of microbiome modulation in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Lin
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Aimin Jiang
- Department of Urology, Changhai hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Lihaoyun Huang
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Li
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunyanx Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lingxuan Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weiming Mou
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zaoqu Liu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Quan Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Ting Wei
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Cancer Centre and Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, 999078, China
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Wong LP, Lee HY, Alias H, Seheli FN, Lachyan A, Nguyen DK, Ahmed J, Hu Z, Lin Y. Attitudes and acceptance of vaccination against neglected tropical diseases: A multi-country study in Asia. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2025; 21:2471702. [PMID: 40050267 PMCID: PMC11901362 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2025.2471702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2025] [Accepted: 02/21/2025] [Indexed: 03/14/2025] Open
Abstract
This study aims to explore the willingness of individuals to be vaccinated against NTDs in Asian countries and China. Between June and December 2023, an anonymous cross-sectional survey was carried out in five Asian countries alongside China. Overall, 48.4% indicated being somewhat willing and 29.2% expressing extreme willingness to receive NTDs vaccination. High attitude scores (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.54, 95% confidence interval (CI): 11.35-1.75) was associated with higher willingness to be vaccinated against NTDs. The odds of accepting the NTDs vaccine increased among individuals without occupational exposure to NTDs (aOR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.27-1.68). Those residing in very clean environments exhibited heightened odds of willingness (aOR = 2.94, 95% CI: 2.10-4.11), whereas individuals in somewhat dirty environments demonstrated reduced odds of willingness (aOR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.56-0.98) compared to the baseline group (very dirty local environment). Moreover, a higher score in sanitation facilities also correlated with increased odds of willingness to receive the NTDs vaccine (aOR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.21-1.64). The study highlighted key strategies for improving NTDs vaccine uptake in Asian countries, including China, such as fostering positive attitudes toward the vaccine and enhancing perception of infection risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ping Wong
- Centre for Population Health (CePH), Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hai Yen Lee
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Educational Centre (TIDREC), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Haridah Alias
- Centre for Population Health (CePH), Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Farhana Nishat Seheli
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Educational Centre (TIDREC), Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- BRAC Health Programme, BRAC, BRAC Centre, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Abhishek Lachyan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, VMMC & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Di Khanh Nguyen
- Department of Academic Affairs and Testing, Dong Nai Technology University, Dong Nai, Vietnam
| | - Jamil Ahmed
- Department of Community Medicine, Rashid Latif Khan University (RLKU) Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zhijian Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yulan Lin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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11
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Lee H, Park H, Kwak K, Lee CE, Yun J, Lee D, Lee JH, Lee SH, Kang LW. Structural comparison of substrate-binding pockets of serine β-lactamases in classes A, C, and D. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2025; 40:2435365. [PMID: 39714271 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2024.2435365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2024] [Revised: 10/08/2024] [Accepted: 11/22/2024] [Indexed: 12/24/2024] Open
Abstract
β-lactams have been the most successful antibiotics, but the rise of multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria threatens their effectiveness. Serine β-lactamases (SBLs), among the most common causes of resistance, are classified as A, C, and D, with numerous variants complicating structural and substrate spectrum comparisons. This study compares representative SBLs of these classes, focusing on the substrate-binding pocket (SBP). SBP is kidney bean-shaped on the indented surface, formed mainly by loops L1, L2, and L3, and an additional loop Lc in class C. β-lactams bind in a conserved orientation, with the β-lactam ring towards L2 and additional rings towards the space between L1 and L3. Structural comparison shows each class has distinct SBP structures, but subclasses share a conserved scaffold. The SBP structure, accommodating complimentary β-lactams, determines the substrate spectrum of SBLs. The systematic comparison of SBLs, including structural compatibility between β-lactams and SBPs, will help understand their substrate spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeonmin Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjae Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiwoong Kwak
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae-Eun Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Yun
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghyun Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hun Lee
- National Leading Research Laboratory of Drug Resistance Proteomics, Department of Biological Sciences, Myongji University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hee Lee
- National Leading Research Laboratory of Drug Resistance Proteomics, Department of Biological Sciences, Myongji University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Lin-Woo Kang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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12
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Qin XL, Chen Y, Wu XZ, Chen WT, Xue YH, Huang JM, Tang SM, Lan YY, Feng ZQ, Zhou H, Zhang ZY, Zhan QX, Cheng K, Zheng HP. Emerging epidemic of the Africa-type plasmid in penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Guangdong, China, 2013-2022. Emerg Microbes Infect 2025; 14:2440489. [PMID: 39648890 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2440489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2024] [Revised: 11/08/2024] [Accepted: 12/05/2024] [Indexed: 12/10/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae (PPNG) is a crucial public health concern because of its resistance to penicillin and cephalosporins. From 2013 to 2022, a total of 1748 N. gonorrhoeae isolates from Guangdong, China, were examined for their antibiotic susceptibility and molecular epidemiological characteristics. PPNG prevalence increased markedly from 37.25% to 63.87%. This increase was accompanied by a shift in predominant plasmid types carried by PPNG isolates: the rate of PPNG isolates carrying the Africa-type plasmid increased from 18.42% to 91.55%, whereas the rate of isolates carrying the Asia-type plasmid decreased from 81.58% to 7.58%. The prevalence of blaTEM-135, which is linked to cephalosporin resistance, declined from 52.63% to 4.37%, whereas that of blaTEM-1 increased from 47.37% to 86.88%, and new blaTEM variants emerged (10.99% by 2022). Most blaTEM-1 (88.26%) and new blaTEM alleles (83.70%) were associated with the Africa-type plasmid, whereas 86.79% of blaTEM-135 alleles were linked to the Asia-type plasmid. Resistance to ceftriaxone was higher in the Asia-type group (11.67%) than in the Africa-type, Toronto/Rio-type and non-PPNG groups. Genotyping identified diverse sequence types (STs) among PPNGs, in which MLST ST7363, NG-STAR ST2477, NG-MAST ST17748, and NG STAR CC1124 were predominant. This study underscores the rising prevalence of PPNG in Guangdong driven by clonal expansion and changing plasmid dynamics, affecting cephalosporin resistance and highlighting the need for continued surveillance and research into effective treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lin Qin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Sexually Transmitted Disease Control, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Chen
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing-Zhong Wu
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Sexually Transmitted Disease Control, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Tao Chen
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Sexually Transmitted Disease Control, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao-Hua Xue
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Sexually Transmitted Disease Control, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Mei Huang
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Sexually Transmitted Disease Control, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - San-Mei Tang
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Sexually Transmitted Disease Control, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yin-Yuan Lan
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhan-Qin Feng
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Zhou
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Yan Zhang
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Xian Zhan
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Kui Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - He-Ping Zheng
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Sexually Transmitted Disease Control, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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13
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Sun H, Jiang L, Chen J, Kang C, Yan J, Ma S, Zhao M, Guo H, Yang B. Genomic island-encoded LmiA regulates acid resistance and biofilm formation in enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7. Gut Microbes 2025; 17:2443107. [PMID: 39690480 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2443107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2024] [Revised: 12/06/2024] [Accepted: 12/11/2024] [Indexed: 12/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 is an important intestinal pathogen that causes severe foodborne diseases. We previously demonstrated that the genomic island-encoded regulator LmiA activates the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE) genes to promote EHEC O157:H7 adherence and colonization in the host intestine. However, whether LmiA is involved in the regulation of any other biological processes in EHEC O157:H7 remains largely unexplored. Here, we compared global gene expression differences between the EHEC O157:H7 wild-type strain and an lmiA mutant strain using RNA-seq technology. Genes whose expression was affected by LmiA were identified and classified using the Cluster of Orthologous Groups (COG) database. Specifically, the expression of acid resistance genes (including gadA, gadB, and gadC) was significantly downregulated, whereas the transcript levels of biofilm-related genes (including Z_RS00105, yadN, Z_RS03020, and fdeC) were increased, in the ΔlmiA mutant compared to the EHEC O157:H7 wild-type strain. Further investigation revealed that LmiA enhanced the acid resistance of EHEC O157:H7 by directly activating the transcription of gadA and gadBC. In contrast, LmiA reduced EHEC O157:H7 biofilm formation by indirectly repressing the expression of biofilm-related genes. Furthermore, LmiA-mediated regulation of acid resistance and biofilm formation is highly conserved and widespread among EHEC and enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC). Our findings provide essential insight into the regulatory function of LmiA in EHEC O157:H7, particularly its role in regulating acid resistance and biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmin Sun
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, TEDA, Tianjin, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Lingyan Jiang
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, TEDA, Tianjin, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Jingnan Chen
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, TEDA, Tianjin, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Chenbo Kang
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, TEDA, Tianjin, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Jun Yan
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, TEDA, Tianjin, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Ma
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, TEDA, Tianjin, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Mengjie Zhao
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, TEDA, Tianjin, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Houliang Guo
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, TEDA, Tianjin, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Bin Yang
- TEDA Institute of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, TEDA, Tianjin, P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, P. R. China
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14
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Zhao X, Qiu Y, Liang L, Fu X. Interkingdom signaling between gastrointestinal hormones and the gut microbiome. Gut Microbes 2025; 17:2456592. [PMID: 39851261 PMCID: PMC11776477 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2025.2456592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/02/2025] [Indexed: 01/26/2025] Open
Abstract
The interplay between the gut microbiota and gastrointestinal hormones plays a pivotal role in the health of the host and the development of diseases. As a vital component of the intestinal microecosystem, the gut microbiota influences the synthesis and release of many gastrointestinal hormones through mechanisms such as modulating the intestinal environment, producing metabolites, impacting mucosal barriers, generating immune and inflammatory responses, and releasing neurotransmitters. Conversely, gastrointestinal hormones exert feedback regulation on the gut microbiota by modulating the intestinal environment, nutrient absorption and utilization, and the bacterial biological behavior and composition. The distributions of the gut microbiota and gastrointestinal hormones are anatomically intertwined, and close interactions between the gut microbiota and gastrointestinal hormones are crucial for maintaining gastrointestinal homeostasis. Interventions leveraging the interplay between the gut microbiota and gastrointestinal hormones have been employed in the clinical management of metabolic diseases and inflammatory bowel diseases, such as bariatric surgery and fecal microbiota transplantation, offering promising targets for the treatment of dysbiosis-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ye Qiu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lanfan Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiangsheng Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Clinical Medical College and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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15
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Loison L, Huré M, Lefranc B, Leprince J, Bôle-Feysot C, Coëffier M, Ribet D. Staphylococcus warneri dampens SUMOylation and promotes intestinal inflammation. Gut Microbes 2025; 17:2446392. [PMID: 39819277 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2446392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 11/28/2024] [Accepted: 12/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2025] Open
Abstract
Gut bacteria play key roles in intestinal physiology, via the secretion of diversified bacterial effectors. Many of these effectors remodel the host proteome, either by altering transcription or by regulating protein post-translational modifications. SUMOylation, a ubiquitin-like post-translational modification playing key roles in intestinal physiology, is a target of gut bacteria. Mutualistic gut bacteria can promote SUMOylation, via the production of short- or branched-chain fatty acids (SCFA/BCFA). In contrast, several pathogenic bacteria were shown to dampen SUMOylation in order to promote infection. Here, we demonstrate that Staphylococcus warneri, a natural member of the human gut microbiota, decreases SUMOylation in intestinal cells. We identify that Warnericin RK, a hemolytic toxin secreted by S. warneri, targets key components of the host SUMOylation machinery, leading to the loss of SUMO-conjugated proteins. We further demonstrate that Warnericin RK promotes inflammation in intestinal and immune cells using both SUMO-dependent and SUMO-independent mechanisms. We finally show that Warnericin RK regulates the expression of genes involved in intestinal tight junctions. Together, these results highlight the diversity of mechanisms used by bacteria from the gut microbiota to manipulate host SUMOylation. They further highlight that changes in gut microbiota composition may impact intestinal inflammation, by altering the equilibrium between bacterial effectors promoting or dampening SUMOylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Loison
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM, Normandie Univ, ADEN, UMR 1073 Nutrition, Inflammation and Microbiota-Gut-Brain axis, Rouen, France
| | - Marion Huré
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM, Normandie Univ, ADEN, UMR 1073 Nutrition, Inflammation and Microbiota-Gut-Brain axis, Rouen, France
| | - Benjamin Lefranc
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM, Normandie Univ, NorDiC, UMR 1239, PRIMACEN, Rouen, France
| | - Jérôme Leprince
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM, Normandie Univ, NorDiC, UMR 1239, PRIMACEN, Rouen, France
| | - Christine Bôle-Feysot
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM, Normandie Univ, ADEN, UMR 1073 Nutrition, Inflammation and Microbiota-Gut-Brain axis, Rouen, France
| | - Moïse Coëffier
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM, Normandie Univ, ADEN, UMR 1073 Nutrition, Inflammation and Microbiota-Gut-Brain axis, CHU Rouen, Department of Nutrition, CIC-CRB1404, Rouen, France
| | - David Ribet
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM, Normandie Univ, ADEN, UMR 1073 Nutrition, Inflammation and Microbiota-Gut-Brain axis, Rouen, France
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16
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Xu X, Fei X, Wang H, Wu X, Zhan Y, Li X, Zhou Y, Shu C, He C, Hu Y, Liu J, Lv N, Li N, Zhu Y. Helicobacter pylori infection induces DNA double-strand breaks through the ACVR1/IRF3/POLD1 signaling axis to drive gastric tumorigenesis. Gut Microbes 2025; 17:2463581. [PMID: 39924917 PMCID: PMC11812335 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2025.2463581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2024] [Revised: 01/06/2025] [Accepted: 02/02/2025] [Indexed: 02/11/2025] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection plays a pivotal role in gastric carcinogenesis through inflammation-related mechanisms. Activin A receptor type I (ACVR1), known for encoding the type I receptor for bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), has been identified as a cancer diver gene across various tumors. However, the specific role of AVCR1 in H. pylori-induced gastric tumorigenesis remains incompletely understood. We conducted a comprehensive analysis of the clinical relevance of ACVR1 by integrating data from public databases and our local collection of human gastric tissues. In vitro cell cultures, patient-derived gastric organoids, and transgenic INS-GAS mouse models were used for Western blot, qRT-PCR, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, luciferase assays, ChIP, and comet assays. Furthermore, to investigate the therapeutic potential, we utilized the ACVR1 inhibitor DM3189 in our in vivo studies. H. pylori infection led to increased expression of ACVR1 in gastric epithelial cells, gastric organoid and gastric mucosa of INS-GAS mice. ACVR1 activation led to DNA double-strand break (DSB) accumulation by inhibiting POLD1, a crucial DNA repair enzyme. The activation of POLD1 was facilitated by the transcription factor IRF3, with identified binding sites. Additionally, treatment with the ACVR1 inhibitor DM3189 significantly ameliorated H. pylori-induced gastric pathology and reduced DNA damage in INS-GAS mice. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed elevated levels of ACVR1 in H. pylori-positive gastritis tissues, showing a negative correlation with POLD1 expression. This study uncovers a novel signaling axis of AVCR1/IRF3/POLD1 in the pathogenesis of H. pylori infection. The upregulation of ACVR1 and the suppression of POLD1 upon H. pylori infection establish a connection between the infection, genomic instability, and the development of gastric carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinbo Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiao Fei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xidong Wu
- Department of Drug Safety Evaluation, Jiangxi Testing Center of Medical Instruments, Nanchang, China
| | - Yuan Zhan
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yan’an Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chunxi Shu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Cong He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yi Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jianping Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Nonghua Lv
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Nianshuang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yin Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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17
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Ibrahim R, Aranjani JM, Kalikot Valappil V, Nair G. Unveiling the potential bacteriophage therapy: a systematic review. Future Sci OA 2025; 11:2468114. [PMID: 39976508 PMCID: PMC11845108 DOI: 10.1080/20565623.2025.2468114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2025] [Indexed: 02/23/2025] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Antimicrobial resistance renders conventional therapy, demanding the need for alternative therapeutic techniques. A potential strategy for treating infections caused by multi-drug-resistant bacteria is using bacteriophages, viruses that only multiply and infect specific bacteria. This review aims to evaluate the findings of clinical studies on phage therapy for bacterial illnesses. METHODS A comprehensive search method was utilized to identify 11 appropriate trials, which were then assessed for safety, efficacy, and treatment outcomes. The Joann-Briggs-Institute checklist and PRISMA criteria were used to evaluate these studies thoroughly. The results were summarized by extracting and analyzing data on trial design, treatment outcomes, safety profiles, and therapeutic effectiveness. RESULTS Phage treatment had a strong safety profile, with few side effects recorded across many routes, including oral, intravenous, and topical. Clinical studies demonstrated its effectiveness in lowering bacterial loads, resolving infections, and destroying biofilms. However, diversity in trial designs hampered the generalizability of the findings. CONCLUSION This study emphasizes the promise of phage therapy as a safe and efficient treatment for bacterial-illnesses. Despite its potential, there are still significant gaps in clinical application, long-term efficacy assessment, and trial standardization. Addressing these issues is critical to developing phage therapy as an effective alternative treatment for multidrug-resistant-illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafwana Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Jesil Mathew Aranjani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Vipin Kalikot Valappil
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government Medical College, Kannur, India
| | - Gouri Nair
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India
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18
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An Q, Lv Y, Li Y, Sun Z, Gao X, Wang H. Global foot-and-mouth disease risk assessment based on multiple spatial analysis and ecological niche model. Vet Q 2025; 45:1-11. [PMID: 39838825 PMCID: PMC11755741 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2025.2454482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2024] [Revised: 12/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2025] [Indexed: 01/23/2025] Open
Abstract
Foot-and-Mouth Disease is a highly contagious transboundary animal disease. FMD has caused a significant economic impact globally due to direct losses and trade restrictions on animals and animal products. This study utilized multi-distance spatial cluster analysis, kernel density analysis, directional distribution analysis to investigate the spatial distribution patterns of historical FMD epidemics. A multi-algorithm ensemble model considering climatic, geographic, and social factors was developed to predict the suitability area for FMDV, and then risk maps of FMD for each species of livestock were generated in combination with the distribution of livestock. The results show that all serotypes of FMD exhibit significant clustering with a clear tendency toward a directional distribution. Serotypes A and O are widespread in Asia, Europe, Africa, and South America. Serotype Asia 1 is prevalent in Asia. Serotype SAT2 is prevalent in Africa and the Middle East, while Serotypes SAT1 and SAT3 are restricted to Africa. Ecological niche modeling reveals temperature, precipitation, wind speed, and vegetation are important factors influencing the occurrence of FMD. Except for buffaloes, the distribution of high-risk areas for FMD occurrence in other livestock species is quite widespread. The areas primarily include the southern region of North America, the northern, southern, and eastern regions of South America, the Mediterranean region, the eastern region of Europe, the central and southern regions of Africa, the central, eastern, and southern regions of Asia, and parts of Australia. These findings will provide valuable insights into the prevention and control of FMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi An
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yiyang Lv
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuepeng Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhuo Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongbin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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19
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Zepeda-Rivera MA, Eisele Y, Baryiames A, Wu H, Mengoni C, Piccinno G, McMahon EF, LaCourse KD, Jones DS, Hauner H, Minot SS, Segata N, Dewhirst FE, Johnston CD, Bullman S. Fusobacterium sphaericum sp. nov., isolated from a human colon tumor adheres to colonic epithelial cells and induces IL-8 secretion. Gut Microbes 2025; 17:2442522. [PMID: 39722539 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2442522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2024] [Revised: 11/20/2024] [Accepted: 12/10/2024] [Indexed: 12/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancerous tissue is a largely unexplored microbial niche that provides a unique environment for the colonization and growth of specific bacterial communities, and with it, the opportunity to identify novel bacterial species. Here, we report distinct features of a novel Fusobacterium species, F. sphaericum sp. nov. (Fs), isolated from primary colon adenocarcinoma tissue. We acquire the complete closed genome and associated methylome of this organism and phylogenetically confirm its classification into the Fusobacterium genus, with F. perfoetens as its closest neighbor. Fs is phenotypically and genetically distinct, with morphological analysis revealing its coccoid shape, that while similar to F. perfoetens is rare for most Fusobacterium members. Fs displays a metabolic profile and antibiotic resistance repertoire consistent with other Fusobacterium species. In vitro, Fs has adherent and immunomodulatory capabilities, as it intimately associates with human colon cancer epithelial cells and promotes IL-8 secretion. An analysis of the prevalence and abundance of Fs in > 20,000 human metagenomic samples shows that it is a rarely detected member within human stool with variable relative abundance, found in both healthy controls and patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Our study sheds light on a novel bacterial species isolated directly from the human CRC tumor niche and given its in vitro interaction with cancer epithelial cells suggests that its role in human health and disease warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha A Zepeda-Rivera
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, WA, USA
- Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yannick Eisele
- School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Hanrui Wu
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Claudia Mengoni
- Department of Computational, Cellular and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Gianmarco Piccinno
- Department of Computational, Cellular and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Elsa F McMahon
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, WA, USA
| | | | - Dakota S Jones
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, WA, USA
| | - Hans Hauner
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Samuel S Minot
- Data Core, Shared Resources, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Nicola Segata
- Department of Computational, Cellular and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Floyd E Dewhirst
- Department of Microbiology, ADA Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christopher D Johnston
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, WA, USA
- Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Susan Bullman
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
- Immunology, James P. Allison Institute, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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20
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Chai J, Zhang S, Ma C, Mei Q, Liu T, Liu J, Liu Y, Zhu H. Clinical analysis and risk factors associated with poor prognosis in nontuberculous mycobacterial infection. Virulence 2025; 16:2459313. [PMID: 39898691 PMCID: PMC11792823 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2025.2459313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 12/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2025] [Indexed: 02/04/2025] Open
Abstract
Recently, the incidence and prevalence of NTM have been increasing nationwide in many countries. This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with the prognosis and mortality of non-HIV nontuberculous mycobacterial disease patients. This retrospective study was conducted at Peking Union Medical College Hospital. The electronic medical records in the hospital's database from January 2013 to December 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. Relevant data, including clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, microbiological tests, treatments, and outcomes were collected and subjected to statistical analyses. The search identified 745 patients diagnosed with NTM infection, of whom 147 met the inclusion criteria. NTM pulmonary disease was the most commonly observed (n = 93; 63.3%), followed by disseminated infection (n = 43; 29.3%). The most frequent NTM species was Mycobacterium avium complex (55.8%), followed by Mycobacterium abscessus (21.2%). The incidence of Aspergillus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection was significantly higher in the NTM pulmonary disease group than in the disseminated NTM group. Cumulative mortality in the total patients was 24.49% at 5 years. High Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte-ratio (NLR), haematological disease, and disseminated infection were identified as independent predictors of unfavourable outcomes. The area under the curve (AUC) values for NLR and neutrophil-to-monocyte-plus-lymphocyte-ratio (NMLR) were 0.751 and 0.763 with optimal cut-off values of 9.50 and 3.83, respectively, for prediction of mortality in patients with NTM disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjing Chai
- Emergency Department, The State Key Laboratory for Complex, Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Sujie Zhang
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chong Ma
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qimin Mei
- Emergency Department, The State Key Laboratory for Complex, Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jihai Liu
- Emergency Department, The State Key Laboratory for Complex, Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yecheng Liu
- Emergency Department, The State Key Laboratory for Complex, Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of health care, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huadong Zhu
- Emergency Department, The State Key Laboratory for Complex, Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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21
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Zhu J, Xu Z, Liu X. Chemical composition, antioxidant activities, and enzyme inhibitory effects of Lespedeza bicolour Turcz. essential oil. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2025; 40:2460053. [PMID: 39912419 PMCID: PMC11803819 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2025.2460053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2024] [Revised: 01/17/2025] [Accepted: 01/24/2025] [Indexed: 02/07/2025] Open
Abstract
Lespedeza bicolour Turcz. is a traditional medicinal plant with a wide range of ethnomedicinal values. The main components of L. bicolour essential oil (EO) were β-pinene (15.41%), β-phellandrene (12.43%), and caryophyllene (7.79%). The EO of L. bicolour showed antioxidant activity against ABTS radical and DPPH radical with an IC50 value of 0.69 ± 0.03 mg/mL and 10.44 ± 2.09 mg/mL, respectively. The FRAP antioxidant value was 81.96 ± 6.17 μmol/g. The EO had activities against acetylcholinesterase, α-glucosidase, and β-lactamase with IC50 values of 309.30 ± 11.16 μg/mL, 360.47 ± 35.67 μg/mL, and 27.54 ± 1.21 μg/mL, respectively. Molecular docking showed methyl dehydroabietate docked well with all tested enzymes. Sclareol and (+)-borneol acetate showed the strongest binding affinity to α-glucosidase and β-lactamase, respectively. The present study provides a direction for searching enzyme inhibitors for three tested enzymes and shows L. bicolour EO possesses the potential to treat a series of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiadong Zhu
- SDU‐ANU Joint Science College, Shandong University, Weihai, China
| | - Ziyue Xu
- SDU‐ANU Joint Science College, Shandong University, Weihai, China
- Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai, China
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22
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Kordaczuk J, Sułek M, Mak P, Frączek A, Wojda I. Chemosensory protein 16 has an immune function and participates in host-pathogen interaction in Galleria mellonella infected with Pseudomonas entomophila. Virulence 2025; 16:2471367. [PMID: 40019037 PMCID: PMC11875508 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2025.2471367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2024] [Revised: 12/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2025] [Indexed: 03/01/2025] Open
Abstract
Chemosensory protein 16 was identified in the hemolymph of Galleria mellonella as a protein with an amount increasing after oral infection with 10^3 CFU of Pseudomonas entomophila, and decreasing after infection with a higher dose (10^5 CFU) of bacteria. The expression of the CSP16 gene occurred in the fat body and in the gut and correlated with changes in the protein level in the hemolymph. The CSP16 protein inhibited P. entomophila growth in the concentration range from 0.15 to 6 nM. Additionally, the CSP16 protein showed bactericidal activity against P. entomophila, Bacillus thuringiensis, and Escherichia coli in the range of 2-18 μM, but only in the presence of protease inhibitors, otherwise it was degraded by extracellular proteases secreted by P. entomophila. We demonstrated that the bactericidal activity of CSP16 was related to its ability to perforate bacterial cellular membranes in a dose-dependent manner. The antimicrobial properties of this protein were also confirmed with the use of Atomic Force Microscopy, which showed significant changes in the topology of different bacterial cell surfaces. Finally, when CSP16 was injected in vivo into G. mellonella larvae one hour after infection with P. entomophila, more survivors were observed at particular time-points. Taking into account its immune properties and putative ability to bind bacteria-derived compounds, the possible function of CSP16 in the host-pathogen interaction is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Kordaczuk
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Immunobiology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Michał Sułek
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Immunobiology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Paweł Mak
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Alicja Frączek
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Iwona Wojda
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Immunobiology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Lublin, Poland
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23
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Xia J, Liu T, Wan R, Zhang J, Fu Q. Global burden and trends of the Clostridioides difficile infection-associated diseases from 1990 to 2021: an observational trend study. Ann Med 2025; 57:2451762. [PMID: 39847395 PMCID: PMC11758798 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2025.2451762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 09/09/2024] [Accepted: 12/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was aimed to explore the global burden and trends of Clostridioides difficile infections (CDI) associated diseases. METHODS Data for this study were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. The burden of CDI was assessed using the age-standardized rates of disability-adjusted life years (ASR-DALYs) and deaths (ASDRs). Trends in the burden of CDI were presented using average annual percentage changes (AAPCs). RESULTS The ASR-DALYs for CDI increased from 1.83 (95% UI: 1.53-2.18) per 100,000 in 1990 to 3.46 (95% UI: 3.04-3.96) per 100,000 in 2021, with an AAPC of 2.03% (95% CI: 1.67-2.4%). The ASDRs for CDI rose from 0.10 (95% UI: 0.08-0.11) per 100,000 in 1990 to 0.19 (95% UI: 0.16-0.23) per 100,000 in 2021, with an AAPC of 2.26% (95% CI: 1.74-2.79%). In 2021, higher burdens of ASR-DALYs (10.7 per 100,000) and ASDRs (0.53 per 100,000) were observed in high socio-demographic index (SDI) areas, and among age group over 70 years (31.62/100,000 for ASR-DALYs and 2.45/100,000 for ASDRs). During the COVID-19 pandemic, the global ASR-DALYs and ASDRs slightly decreased. However, in regions with low SDI, low-middle and middle SDI, those rates slightly increased. CONCLUSION The global burden of CDI has significantly increased, particularly in regions with high SDI and among individuals aged 70 years and above. During the COVID-19 pandemic period from 2020 to 2021, the burden of CDI further increased in regions with low, low-middle, and middle SDI. These findings underscore the need for increased attention and intervention, especially in specific countries and populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xia
- Department of Neurocritical Care, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Tan Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Rui Wan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Neurocritical Care, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Quanzhu Fu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
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24
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Zhao S, Wang W, Li S, He J, Duan W, Fang Z, Ma X, Li Z, Guo C, Wang W, Wu H, Zhang T, Huang X. The prevalence of low-level viraemia and its association with virological failure in people living with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Emerg Microbes Infect 2025; 14:2447613. [PMID: 39727007 PMCID: PMC11722027 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2447613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2024] [Revised: 12/18/2024] [Accepted: 12/22/2024] [Indexed: 12/28/2024]
Abstract
Low-level viraemia (LLV) following antiretroviral therapy (ART) in people living with HIV (PLWH) has not received sufficient attention. To the determine the prevalence of LLV and its association with virological failure (VF), we systematically reviewed evidence-based interventions for PLWH. We searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science from inception to 22 May 2024. Cohorts with samples sizes smaller than 1000 in size were excluded. Data from 16 cohort studies, encompassing 13,49,306 PLWH, revealed a pooled prevalence of LLV of 13.81%. Relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) identified the following risk factors for LLV: viral load (VL) ≥ 105 copies/mL at baseline (1.79, 1.11-2.88), AIDS-defined illness at baseline (1.24, 1.10-1.40), and protease inhibitor-based regimen at ART initiation (1.53, 1.45-1.62) are the risk factors for LLV. Conversely, CD4 count ≥200 cells/μL at baseline (0.90, 0.82-0.98), non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-based regimen (0.81, 0.68-0.96) and the integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI)-based regimen (0.60, 0.42-0.85) were associated with a reduced risk of LLV. Pooling the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) and the 95% CI, we found that LLV increased the risk of VF with rising VL among 96,711 PLWH (aHR 2.77, 95% CI 2.03-3.76) and increased the risk of all-cause mortality at high VL levels among 14,229 PLWH (aHR 1.66, 95% CI 1.16-2.37). Therefore, the prevalence of LLV in PLWH should not be overlooked. This study aims to guide better management strategies to improve clinical outcomes in patients with LLV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Zhao
- Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sibo Li
- Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaze He
- Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenshan Duan
- Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen Fang
- Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoran Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research, Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Caiping Guo
- Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen Wang
- Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Wu
- Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaojie Huang
- Clinical and Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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25
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Yessayan L, Pino CJ, Humes HD. Extracorporeal therapies in sepsis: a comprehensive review of the Selective Cytopheretic Device, Polymyxin B and Seraph cartridges. Ren Fail 2025; 47:2459349. [PMID: 39962644 PMCID: PMC11837919 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2025.2459349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2024] [Revised: 01/21/2025] [Accepted: 01/22/2025] [Indexed: 02/21/2025] Open
Abstract
Sepsis, a dysregulated host response to infection, is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients, despite advancements in antimicrobial therapies. Recent innovations in extracorporeal blood purification therapies, such as the Selective Cytopheretic Device (SCD), Polymyxin B Hemoperfusion Cartridge (PMX-HP), and Seraph 100 Microbind Affinity Blood Filter (Seraph), have demonstrated promising potential as adjuncts to conventional therapies. The SCD targets activated white blood cells, while PMX-HP binds endotoxins in Gram-negative sepsis. The Seraph targets a broad range of pathogens, including viruses, bacteria and fungi. Evidence from several clinical trials and observational studies indicate that these therapies can improve organ function, and potentially improve survival in patients with sepsis. Despite the strong pathophysiological rationale for using these devices in sepsis, conclusive evidence of their effectiveness remains limited. Multicenter randomized controlled trials are currently underway with each of these devices to establish their role in improving patient outcomes. Further research is needed to establish optimal protocols for their initiation, duration, and integration into standard sepsis management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - H. David Humes
- Innovative BioTherapies, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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26
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Wang G, Zhao K, Zhao X, Cui Y, He P, Zhang T, Wang Y, Shi R, Li Y, Wang Q, Ren Y, Chen Z, Zhao X, Xie Z, Liang Y, Tian Q, Pan J, Zhang C, Han Y, Dai Y, Ni S, Zhang Y, Yang X, Fu Y, Liu D, Li J, Zhang M, Hu Z, Xie L. Sustained immunogenicity of bivalent protein COVID-19 vaccine SCTV01C against antigen matched and mismatched variants. Expert Rev Vaccines 2025; 24:128-137. [PMID: 39834144 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2025.2456231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2024] [Revised: 10/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2025] [Indexed: 01/22/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of bivalent or multivalent vaccines offers a promising strategy for combating SARS-CoV-2 mutations. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In this phase 2 trial, conducted from 1 December 2021, to 25 July 2023, 392 unvaccinated adults aged ≥18 years were randomized to receive a primary series of two doses and a booster dose of SCTV01C, a bivalent protein SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. RESULTS Geometric mean titers (GMTs) of neutralizing antibodies (nAb) against live Alpha, Beta, Delta, and Omicron showed 85.4-, 100.0-, 32.1-, and 9.8-fold increase from baseline on 28 days, and 49.4-, 55.3-, 5.7-fold increase against live Alpha, Beta, and Omicron on 90 days after primary series. At Day 28 and Day 90 following the booster dose, GMTs of nAb against Beta, BA.2 and BA.5 variants showed 12.1- and 8.8-, 13.8- and 7.1-, 18.7-, and 11.9-fold of increase from baseline, respectively. Reactogenicity was generally mild, with one adverse event of special interest (AESI) and 9 ≥Grade 3 treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs); all recovered within 3 days. CONCLUSIONS SCTV01C, when administered as both a primary series and a booster vaccination, exhibited encouraging sustained immunogenicity against both antigen-matched and antigen-mismatched variants, with no significant safety concerns. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION www.clinicaltrials.gov identifier is NCT05148091.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiqiang Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Center for Liver Disease, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Infectious Disease, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kexin Zhao
- Hebei Petro China Central Hospital, Langfang, China
| | - Xiuli Zhao
- Beijing Tong Reng Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yimin Cui
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng He
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | | | - Yanchao Wang
- Hebei Petro China Central Hospital, Langfang, China
| | - Rui Shi
- Hebei Petro China Central Hospital, Langfang, China
| | - Yanhua Li
- Hebei Petro China Central Hospital, Langfang, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Hebei Petro China Central Hospital, Langfang, China
| | - Yanping Ren
- Hebei Petro China Central Hospital, Langfang, China
| | - Zhisong Chen
- Hebei Petro China Central Hospital, Langfang, China
| | - Xuedan Zhao
- Hebei Petro China Central Hospital, Langfang, China
| | - Zekang Xie
- Hebei Petro China Central Hospital, Langfang, China
| | - Yufei Liang
- Hebei Petro China Central Hospital, Langfang, China
| | - Qingyun Tian
- Hebei Petro China Central Hospital, Langfang, China
| | - Jing Pan
- Hebei Petro China Central Hospital, Langfang, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Hebei Petro China Central Hospital, Langfang, China
| | - Ying Han
- Beijing Tong Reng Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuyang Dai
- Beijing Tong Reng Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Siyang Ni
- Beijing Tong Reng Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Beijing Tong Reng Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinjie Yang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein and Antibody, Sinocelltech Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Yongpan Fu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein and Antibody, Sinocelltech Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Dongfang Liu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein and Antibody, Sinocelltech Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Li
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein and Antibody, Sinocelltech Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein and Antibody, Sinocelltech Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongyu Hu
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Liangzhi Xie
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Protein and Antibody, Sinocelltech Ltd, Beijing, China
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27
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Akingbola A, Adegbesan A, Adewole O, Adegoke K, Benson AE, Jombo PA, Uchechukwu Eboson S, Oluwasola V, Aiyenuro A. The mRNA-1647 vaccine: A promising step toward the prevention of cytomegalovirus infection (CMV). Hum Vaccin Immunother 2025; 21:2450045. [PMID: 39825496 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2025.2450045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2024] [Revised: 12/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/02/2025] [Indexed: 01/30/2025] Open
Abstract
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a leading cause of congenital infections and significant health complications in immunocompromised individuals. With no licensed CMV vaccine available, the development of the mRNA-1647 offers promising advancements in CMV prevention. We have reviewed results from Phase 1 and 2 clinical trials of the mRNA-1647 vaccine, demonstrating robust immune responses in both seronegative and seropositive participants. Vaccines exhibited significantly elevated neutralizing antibody titers against CMV, particularly in fibroblast and epithelial cells, with sustained responses lasting up to 18 months post-vaccination. The mRNA-1647 vaccine triggered strong T-cell and memory B-cell responses, suggesting its potential for long-term protection against CMV infection. The ongoing Phase 3 CMVictory trial evaluates the safety and immunogenicity of mRNA-1647 in women of childbearing age, with preliminary data showing promise in preventing congenital CMV transmission. This vaccine could significantly reduce CMV-related morbidity and mortality, particularly in newborns and immunocompromised individuals, addressing a critical unmet medical need.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abiodun Adegbesan
- African Cancer Institute, Department of Global Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Kolade Adegoke
- Faculty of Clinical Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife, Osun State,Nigeria
| | | | - Paul Ayomide Jombo
- Internal Medicine, Basildon and Thurrock University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust: Basildon SS165NL, England, Essex, England, UK
| | | | - Victor Oluwasola
- Babcock University Teaching Hospital, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Ademola Aiyenuro
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, England, UK
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28
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Gao H, Sun M, Li A, Gu Q, Kang D, Feng Z, Li X, Wang X, Chen L, Yang H, Cong Y, Liu Z. Microbiota-derived IPA alleviates intestinal mucosal inflammation through upregulating Th1/Th17 cell apoptosis in inflammatory bowel disease. Gut Microbes 2025; 17:2467235. [PMID: 39956891 PMCID: PMC11834480 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2025.2467235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2024] [Revised: 01/09/2025] [Accepted: 02/10/2025] [Indexed: 02/18/2025] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota-derived metabolite indole-3-propionic acid (IPA) plays an important role in maintaining intestinal mucosal homeostasis, while the molecular mechanisms underlying IPA regulation on mucosal CD4+ T cell functions in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remain elusive. Here we investigated the roles of IPA in modulating mucosal CD4+ T cells and its therapeutic potential in treatment of human IBD. Leveraging metabolomics and microbial community analyses, we observed that the levels of IPA-producing microbiota (e.g. Peptostreptococcus, Clostridium, and Fournierella) and IPA were decreased, while the IPA-consuming microbiota (e.g. Parabacteroides, Erysipelatoclostridium, and Lachnoclostridium) were increased in the feces of IBD patients than those in healthy donors. Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced acute colitis and CD45RBhighCD4+ T cell transfer-induced chronic colitis models were then established in mice and treated orally with IPA to study its role in intestinal mucosal inflammation in vivo. We found that oral administration of IPA attenuated mucosal inflammation in both acute and chronic colitis models in mice, as characterized by increased body weight, and reduced levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g. TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-17A) and histological scores in the colon. We further utilized RNA sequencing, molecular docking simulations, and surface plasmon resonance analyses and identified that IPA exerts its biological effects by interacting with heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), leading to inducing Th1/Th17 cell apoptosis. Consistently, ectopic expression of HSP70 in CD4+ T cells conferred resistance to IPA-induced Th1/Th17 cell apoptosis. Therefore, these findings identify a previously unrecognized pathway by which IPA modulates intestinal inflammation and provide a promising avenue for the treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Gao
- Center for IBD Research and Department of Gastroenterology, The Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingming Sun
- Center for IBD Research and Department of Gastroenterology, The Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ai Li
- Center for IBD Research and Department of Gastroenterology, The Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiaoyan Gu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yanan University Affiliated Hospital, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dengfeng Kang
- Center for IBD Research and Department of Gastroenterology, The Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongsheng Feng
- Center for IBD Research and Department of Gastroenterology, The Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Center for IBD Research and Department of Gastroenterology, The Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuehong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Center for IBD Research and Department of Gastroenterology, The Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yingzi Cong
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Center for Human Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Zhanju Liu
- Center for IBD Research and Department of Gastroenterology, The Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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29
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Huang X, Li J, Li Y, Zeng W, Zhu Q, Liu J, Hu P, Zhu Z, Fan Z, Yang Y, Zeng S, Li Z, Xiao J, Sun L, He J. The protective effects of two varicella vaccination strategies: A Bayesian modeling study in two megacities in South China. Expert Rev Vaccines 2025; 24:212-220. [PMID: 40062551 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2025.2476524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2025] [Indexed: 03/18/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND China implemented diverse varicella vaccination strategies from 2012 to 2022, with unclear protective effects. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of two varicella vaccination (VarV) (the two-dose self-paid VarV and the two-dose free VarV) strategies implemented in Guangdong Province, China. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We collected data on varicella cases and doses administered to children aged 0-14 in Guangzhou, Shenzhen, and Foshan from 2012 to 2022. Using Bayesian Structured Time Series (BSTS) model, we estimated the effects of the two VarV strategies in Guangzhou and Shenzhen starting from 2018, by referencing Foshan. RESULTS Post-implementation of the two-dose self-paid VarV strategy 36,749 (95% CI: 29070, 44428) and 24,179 (95% CI: 16400, 31958) varicella cases were averted in Guangzhou and Shenzhen, with a protection rate of 41.8% (95% CI: 36.3%, 46.5%) and 38.9% (95% CI: 30.2%, 45.7%), respectively. After the adoption of the two-dose free VarV strategy, a substantial relative protection rate of 64.2% (95% CI: 58.0%, 68.7%) in varicella cases was observed in Shenzhen, with 38,828 (95% CI: 29979, 47677) cases averted by 2022. CONCLUSIONS The two-dose VarV strategies have proven highly effective in reducing varicella incidence. The experience in Shenzhen underscores the benefits of a two-dose free VarV strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Huang
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jialing Li
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yihan Li
- Shipai Community Health Service Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weilin Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pei Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhihua Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongyi Fan
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siqing Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhihao Li
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianpeng Xiao
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Limei Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianfeng He
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
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30
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Namikawa H, Oinuma KI, Kaneko Y, Kakeya H, Shuto T. Antimicrobial resistance in hypermucoviscous and non-hypermucoviscous Klebsiella pneumoniae: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Emerg Microbes Infect 2025; 14:2438657. [PMID: 39629681 PMCID: PMC11650459 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2438657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2024] [Revised: 11/28/2024] [Accepted: 12/01/2024] [Indexed: 12/11/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance has recently increased due to emerging carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing strains of K. pneumoniae, especially among hypermucoviscous K. pneumoniae (hmKp) strains. To evaluate the prevalence of ESBL-producing and carbapenem-resistant strains in hmKp and non-hmKp clinical isolates through a systematic review and meta-analysis. We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases from January 2000 to June 2023. Clinical and in vivo/in vitro studies involving confirmed K. pneumoniae clinical isolates differentiated into hmKP and non-hmKP strains based on string test results. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated based on the number of individuals in each target group. Forest plots were used to visualize the effect sizes and 95% CIs of individual studies estimated using the inverse variance and DerSimonian - Laird methods with fixed - and random-effects models, respectively. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q test (I2 ≥ 50%). Fifteen studies comprising 2049 clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis revealed that hmKp strains were associated with a significantly lower prevalence of ESBL-producing strains (pooled OR: 0.26, 95% CI: 0.11-0.63, P = 0.003) and a slightly lower prevalence of carbapenem-resistant strains than non-hmKp strains (pooled OR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.40-0.97, P = 0.038). hmKp strains exhibited lower and slightly lower prevalence of ESBL production and carbapenem resistance, respectively, than non-hmKp strains. However, given the rising prevalence of ESBL-producing and carbapenem-resistant hmKp strains, patients infected by string-test-positive K. pneumoniae must be managed prudently, considering the potential for highly resistant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Namikawa
- Department of Medical Education and General Practice, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Oinuma
- Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
- Research Center for Infectious Disease Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Kaneko
- Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
- Research Center for Infectious Disease Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kakeya
- Research Center for Infectious Disease Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Infection Control Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Taichi Shuto
- Department of Medical Education and General Practice, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
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31
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Marquez-Grap G, Kranyak A, Brownstone N, Koo J. Can pimozide kill parasites? Surprisingly, the most honest answer is 'yes'. J DERMATOL TREAT 2025; 36:2466635. [PMID: 39988333 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2025.2466635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2025] [Accepted: 02/08/2025] [Indexed: 02/25/2025]
Abstract
Purpose: One of the most well-known medications for treating delusional infestation (DI) is pimozide. Many patients may be reluctant to initiate treatment unless a medication has anti-pathogenic properties, as they feel otherwise it does not address their concerns regarding infestation. In this article, we explore the evidence that pimozide has a range of antipathogenic effects and how this fact can aid in patient care. Materials and methods: A scoping literature review was performed using The National Library of Medicine (PubMed). The search terms used were pimozide AND anti-microbial OR anti-bacterial OR anti-infective. All relevant articles were reviewed up to September 2024. Results: Our findings show that pimozide has antibacterial and antiparasitic effects through several unique mechanisms. Additionally, several older first-generation antipsychotics also have demonstrated anti-pathogenic properties. While the studies identified are entirely in vitro, the potential antipathogenic effects of pimozide may be pivotal to patients with DI as they make the critical decision to accept or reject treatment. Conclusion: With adequate disclaimers that pimozide's therapeutic efficacy may not have to do with its anti-pathogen profile, the evidence that pimozide has anti-pathogenic properties may enable dermatology providers to strengthen their therapeutic approach and alliance with patients with DI and make life-changing therapy more acceptable to the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Allison Kranyak
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas Brownstone
- Department of Dermatology, Temple University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - John Koo
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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32
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Schütte K, Springer A, Brandes F, Reuschel M, Fehr M, Strube C. Myiasis in European hedgehogs ( Erinaceus europaeus). Vet Q 2025; 45:15-24. [PMID: 39927565 PMCID: PMC11812111 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2025.2463328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 01/08/2025] [Accepted: 02/02/2025] [Indexed: 02/11/2025] Open
Abstract
Myiasis due to parasitic fly larvae (maggots) can have major consequences for animal health and welfare. The European hedgehog Erinaceus europaeus is frequently presented in rehabilitation centres and veterinary practices due to health problems, including myiasis. In the present study, 557 hedgehogs presented at wildlife rehabilitation centres in Northern Germany during 2018-2021 were examined for the presence of dipteran eggs and larvae. Overall, 15.6% of animals carried fly eggs and/or larvae. Four different dipteran species were identified by PCR and sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS-2) region. Lucilia sericata was detected on 25.3% [22/87] of affected hedgehogs, followed by Calliphora vicina (12.6% [11/87]), Lucilia ampullacea (11.5% [10/87]) and Lucilia caesar (9.2% [8/87]). Myiasis prevalence was significantly higher during the summer compared to spring and autumn. Fly eggs were found all over the body, while larvae were detected most frequently in the body's natural orifices and in wounds. Regarding rehabilitation success, myiasis occurred significantly more frequently in animals that died or were euthanized compared to those released back into the wild. Although the high death rate probably arose in combination with underlying disease, this illustrates that myiasis represents a serious health issue that should be diagnosed and treated immediately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolin Schütte
- Institute for Parasitology, Centre for Infection Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
- Wildlife Rescue and Conservation Center Sachsenhagen, Sachsenhagen, Germany
| | - Andrea Springer
- Institute for Parasitology, Centre for Infection Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Florian Brandes
- Wildlife Rescue and Conservation Center Sachsenhagen, Sachsenhagen, Germany
| | - Maximilian Reuschel
- Department of Small Mammal, Reptile and Avian Diseases, University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Fehr
- Department of Small Mammal, Reptile and Avian Diseases, University of Veterinary Medicine Hanover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christina Strube
- Institute for Parasitology, Centre for Infection Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
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33
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You H, Yang B, Liu H, Wu W, Yu F, Lin N, Yang W, Hu B, Liu Y, Zou H, Hao S, Xiao Y, Xu T, Jiang Y. Unravelling distinct patterns of metagenomic surveillance and respiratory microbiota between two P1 genotypes of Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Emerg Microbes Infect 2025; 14:2449087. [PMID: 39760260 PMCID: PMC11730683 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2449087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 12/04/2024] [Accepted: 12/29/2024] [Indexed: 01/07/2025]
Abstract
To unravel distinct patterns of metagenomic surveillance and respiratory microbiota between Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) P1-1 and P1-2 and to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on epidemiological features, we conducted a multicentre retrospective study which spanned 90,886 pneumonia patients, among which 3164 cases M. pneumoniae were identified. Our findings revealed a concurrent outbreak of M. pneumoniae, with the positivity rate rising sharply to 9.62% from July 2023, compared to the 0.16% to 4.06% positivity rate observed during the 2020-2022 COVID-19 pandemic. P1-1 had a higher odds ratio of co-detecting opportunistic pathogens. However, no significant differences were observed in the co-detection odds ratio between children and other age groups in P1-2. This study is the first to demonstrate differences in relative abundance, diversity of respiratory microbiota and co-detection rate of opportunistic pathogen between M. pneumoniae P1-1 and P1-2. Through bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) metagenomic and host transcriptomic analyses, we identified variations in co-detection rates of M. pneumoniae P1-1 genotype with opportunistic pathogens like S. pneumoniae, alterations in respiratory microbiota composition, lung inflammation, and disruption of ciliary function. Consistent with the results of host transcriptome, we found that P1-1 infections were associated with significantly higher rates of requiring respiratory support and mechanical ventilation compared to P1-2 infections (Fisher's exact test, p-value = 0.035/0.004). Our study provides preliminary evidence of clinical severity between M. pneumoniae strains, underscoring the need for ongoing research and development of targeted therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong You
- Genetic Diagnosis Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Yang
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Vision Medicals Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huifang Liu
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Vision Medicals Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wencai Wu
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Vision Medicals Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Yu
- Medical Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nan Lin
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - WenJiao Yang
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Vision Medicals Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bingxue Hu
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Vision Medicals Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Liu
- Genetic Diagnosis Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongyan Zou
- Genetic Diagnosis Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sijia Hao
- Genetic Diagnosis Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunping Xiao
- Genetic Diagnosis Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Teng Xu
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Vision Medicals Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanfang Jiang
- Genetic Diagnosis Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People’s Republic of China
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34
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Chen P, Rehman MU, He Y, Li A, Jian F, Zhang L, Huang S. Exploring the interplay between Eimeria spp. infection and the host: understanding the dynamics of gut barrier function. Vet Q 2025; 45:1-22. [PMID: 39831548 PMCID: PMC11749151 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2025.2452169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2025] [Indexed: 01/22/2025] Open
Abstract
Coccidiosis is a global disease caused by protozoans, typically including Eimeria spp., which pose a significant threat to the normal growth and development of young animals. Coccidiosis affects mainly the gut, where parasite proliferation occurs. The intestinal barrier, which consists of chemical, mechanical, biological, and immune defences, plays a crucial role in protecting the host against pathogens, xenobiotics, and toxins present in the gastrointestinal tract. When animals ingest sporulated Eimeria spp. oocysts, these parasites primarily reproduce in the intestinal tract, causing damage to the structure and function of the intestine. This disruption of intestinal homeostasis adversely affects animal health. Numerous studies have also revealed that Eimeria-infected animals experience slower bone growth rates, inferior meat quality, reduced egg production and quality, as well as impaired growth and development. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to examine the underlying mechanisms through which Eimeria spp. regulate intestinal damage and disturb the balance of the internal environment. Specifically, this review will focus on their effects on the structural basis of the host intestine's chemical, mechanical, biological and immune barriers. This understanding is crucial for the development of effective drugs to prevent the invasion of Eimeria spp. into the intestine, which is of paramount importance for maintaining host health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mujeeb Ur Rehman
- Directorate Planning & Development, Livestock & Dairy Development Department Balochistan, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Yanfeng He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Aoyun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fuchun Jian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Longxian Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shucheng Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
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35
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D’Halluin A, Petráčková D, Čurnová I, Držmíšek J, Čapek J, Bouquet P, Henin L, Antoine R, Coutte L, Locht C, Večerek B, Hot D. An IS element-driven antisense RNA attenuates the expression of serotype 2 fimbriae and the cytotoxicity of Bordetella pertussis. Emerg Microbes Infect 2025; 14:2451718. [PMID: 39781897 PMCID: PMC11774165 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2025.2451718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2024] [Revised: 12/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2025] [Indexed: 01/12/2025]
Abstract
Insertion sequences (IS) represent mobile genetic elements that have been shown to be associated with bacterial evolution and adaptation due to their effects on genome plasticity. In Bordetella pertussis, the causative agent of whooping cough, the numerous IS elements induce genomic rearrangements and contribute to the diversity of the global B. pertussis population. Previously, we have shown that the majority of IS-specific endogenous promoters induce the synthesis of alternative transcripts and thereby affect the transcriptional landscape of B. pertussis. Here, we describe the regulatory RNA Rfi2, which is transcribed from the Pout promoter of the IS481 gene BP1118 antisense to the adjacent fim2 gene encoding the major serotype 2 fimbrial subunit of B. pertussis. Among the classical bordetellae, Rfi2 is unique to B. pertussis, suggesting its specific role in virulence. We show that Rfi2 RNA attenuates fim2 transcription and, consequently, the production of the Fim2 protein. Interestingly, the mutant that does not produce Rfi2 displayed significantly increased cytotoxicity towards human macrophages compared to the parental strain. This observation suggests that the Rfi2-mediated reduction in cytotoxicity represents an evolutionary adaptation of B. pertussis that fine-tunes its interaction with the human host. Given the immunogenicity of Fim2, we further hypothesize that Rfi2-mediated modulation of Fim2 production contributes to immune evasion. To our knowledge, Rfi2 represents the first functionally characterized IS element-driven antisense RNA that modulates the expression of a virulence gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre D’Halluin
- U1019 – UMR8204 – CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institute Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Denisa Petráčková
- Laboratory of Post-Transcriptional Control of Gene Expression, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Čurnová
- Laboratory of Post-Transcriptional Control of Gene Expression, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Držmíšek
- Laboratory of Post-Transcriptional Control of Gene Expression, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Čapek
- Laboratory of Post-Transcriptional Control of Gene Expression, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Peggy Bouquet
- U1019 – UMR8204 – CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institute Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Loïc Henin
- U1019 – UMR8204 – CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institute Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Rudy Antoine
- U1019 – UMR8204 – CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institute Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Loïc Coutte
- U1019 – UMR8204 – CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institute Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Camille Locht
- U1019 – UMR8204 – CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institute Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Branislav Večerek
- Laboratory of Post-Transcriptional Control of Gene Expression, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - David Hot
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, US 41 - UAR 2014 - PLBS, F-59000, Lille, France
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Naidovski N, Chong SKT, Liu F, Riordan SM, Wehrhahn MC, Yuwono C, Zhang L. Human macrophage response to the emerging enteric pathogen Aeromonas veronii: Inflammation, apoptosis, and downregulation of histones. Virulence 2025; 16:2440554. [PMID: 39663607 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2024.2440554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2024] [Revised: 11/11/2024] [Accepted: 12/04/2024] [Indexed: 12/13/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the pathogenic mechanisms of Aeromonas veronii in macrophages. THP-1 derived macrophages were used as a human macrophage model and were treated with A. veronii strain AS1 isolated from intestinal biopsies of an IBD patient, or Escherichia coli strain K-12. RNA was extracted and subjected to RNA sequencing and comparative transcriptomic analyses. Protein levels of IL-8, IL-1β, IL-18, and TNFα were measured using ELISA, and apoptosis was assessed using caspase 3/7 assays. Both A. veronii AS1 and E. coli K-12 significantly upregulated the expression of many genes involving inflammation. At the protein level, A. veronii AS1 induced significantly higher levels of IL-8, TNFα, mature IL-18 and IL-1β than E. coli K-12, and led to greater elevation of caspase 3/7 activities. Both A. veronii AS1 and E. coli K-12 upregulated the expression of CASP5, but not other caspase genes. A. veronii AS1 significantly downregulated the expression of 20 genes encoding histone proteins that E. coli K-12 did not. The more profound pathogenic effects of A. veronii in inducing inflammation and apoptosis in macrophages than E. coli K-12 are consistent with its role as a human enteric pathogen. The upregulated expression of CASP5 and increased release of IL-1β and IL-18 support the role of CASP5 in activation of non-canonical inflammasome. The downregulation of histone genes by A. veronii suggests a unique impact on host cell gene expression, which may represent a novel virulence strategy. These findings advance the understanding of pathogenic mechanisms of the emerging human enteric pathogen A. veronii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Naidovski
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sarah K T Chong
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Fang Liu
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Stephen M Riordan
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Unit, Prince of Wales Hospital, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michael C Wehrhahn
- Douglass Hanly Moir Pathology, a Sonic Healthcare Practice, Macquarie Park, NSW, Australia
| | - Christopher Yuwono
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Li Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Seisenbekova A, Laryushina Y, Yukhnevich Y, Lavrinenko A, Shkreba A. Prevalence and risk factors of H. pylori infection among outpatient in Karaganda city (Kazakhstan). Future Sci OA 2025; 11:2461429. [PMID: 39927633 PMCID: PMC11812317 DOI: 10.1080/20565623.2025.2461429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2025] [Indexed: 02/11/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To better understand the factors associated with Helicobacter pylori infection, it is important to quantify the prevalence of H. pylori and identify the clinical and demographic characteristics of individuals with the infection. METHOD In this cross-sectional study 369 participants underwent a structured questionnaire, urease breath test, and endoscopy to determine their H. pylori status. RESULTS The frequency of H. pylori in the sample was 27.64%, and erosive antral gastritis, gastric ulcers, and duodenal ulcers were found to be significantly associated with infection. However, no differences were found in social status, family size, or shared utensil use between individuals with and without the infection. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that H. pylori is a significant risk factor for gastrointestinal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aizhan Seisenbekova
- Department of Internal Diseases, Karaganda Medical University, Karaganda, Kazakhstan
| | - Yelena Laryushina
- Department of Internal Diseases, Karaganda Medical University, Karaganda, Kazakhstan
| | | | | | - Alexey Shkreba
- University Clinic NC JSC “Karaganda Medical University”, Karaganda, Kazakhstan
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38
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Wang H, Han J, Zhang XA. Interplay of m6A RNA methylation and gut microbiota in modulating gut injury. Gut Microbes 2025; 17:2467213. [PMID: 39960310 PMCID: PMC11834532 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2025.2467213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2024] [Revised: 12/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2025] [Indexed: 02/20/2025] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota undergoes continuous variations among individuals and across their lifespan, shaped by diverse factors encompassing diet, age, lifestyle choices, medication intake, and disease states. These microbial inhabitants play a pivotal role in orchestrating physiological metabolic pathways through the production of metabolites like bile acids, choline, short-chain fatty acids, and neurotransmitters, thereby establishing a dynamic "gut-organ axis" with the host. The intricate interplay between the gut microbiota and the host is indispensable for gut health, and RNA N6-methyladenosine modification, a pivotal epigenetic mark on RNA, emerges as a key player in this process. M6A modification, the most prevalent internal modification of eukaryotic RNA, has garnered significant attention in the realm of RNA epigenetics. Recent findings underscore its potential to influence gut microbiota diversity and intestinal barrier function by modulating host gene expression patterns. Conversely, the gut microbiota, through its impact on the epigenetic landscape of host cells, may indirectly regulate the recruitment and activity of RNA m6A-modifying enzymes. This review endeavors to delve into the biological functions of m6A modification and its consequences on intestinal injury and disease pathogenesis, elucidating the partial possible mechanisms by which the gut microbiota and its metabolites maintain host intestinal health and homeostasis. Furthermore, it also explores the intricate crosstalk between them in intestinal injury, offering a novel perspective that deepens our understanding of the mechanisms underlying intestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Wang
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
| | - Juanjuan Han
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xin-An Zhang
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
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Vautrin N, Dahyot S, Leoz M, Caron F, Grand M, Feldmann A, Gravey F, Legris S, Ribet D, Alexandre K, Pestel-Caron M. Are Escherichia coli causing recurrent cystitis just ordinary uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) strains? Virulence 2025; 16:2444689. [PMID: 39726097 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2024.2444689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 12/13/2024] [Indexed: 12/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Specific determinants associated with Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) causing recurrent cystitis are still poorly characterized. Using strains from a previous clinical study (Vitale study, clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT02292160) the aims of this study were (i) to describe genomic and phenotypic traits associated with recurrence using a large collection of recurrent and paired sporadic UPEC isolates and (ii) to explore within-host genomic adaptation associated with recurrence using series of 2 to 5 sequential UPEC isolates. Whole genome comparative analyses between 24 recurrent cystitis isolates (RCIs) and 24 phylogenetically paired sporadic cystitis isolates (SCIs) suggested a lower prevalence of putative mobile genetic elements (MGE) in RCIs, such as plasmids and prophages. The intra-patient evolution of the 24 RCI series over time was characterized by SNP occurrence in genes involved in metabolism or membrane transport and by plasmid loss in 5 out of the 24 RCI series. Genomic evolution occurred early in the course of recurrence, suggesting rapid adaptation to strong selection pressure in the urinary tract. However, RCIs did not exhibit specific virulence factor determinants and could not be distinguished from SCIs by their fitness, biofilm formation, or ability to invade HTB-9 bladder epithelial cells. Taken together, these results suggest a rapid but not convergent adaptation of RCIs that involves both strain- and host-specific characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Vautrin
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Université de Caen Normandie, INSERM, Normandie Univ, DYNAMICURE UMR 1311, Rouen, France
| | - Sandrine Dahyot
- Department of Microbiology, Univ Rouen Normandie, Université de Caen Normandie, INSERM, Normandie Univ, DYNAMICURE UMR 1311, CHU Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Marie Leoz
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Université de Caen Normandie, INSERM, Normandie Univ, DYNAMICURE UMR 1311, Rouen, France
| | - François Caron
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Univ Rouen Normandie, Université de Caen Normandie, INSERM, Normandie Univ, DYNAMICURE UMR 1311, CHU Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Maxime Grand
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Université de Caen Normandie, INSERM, Normandie Univ, DYNAMICURE UMR 1311, Rouen, France
| | - Audrey Feldmann
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Université de Caen Normandie, INSERM, Normandie Univ, DYNAMICURE UMR 1311, Rouen, France
| | - François Gravey
- Université de Caen Normandie, Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM, Normandie Univ, DYNAMICURE UMR 1311, Caen, France
| | - Stéphanie Legris
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Université de Caen Normandie, INSERM, Normandie Univ, DYNAMICURE UMR 1311, Rouen, France
| | - David Ribet
- Univ Rouen Normandie, INSERM, Normandie Univ, ADEN UMR 1073, Nutrition, Inflammation and Microbiota-Gut-Brain, Axis, France
| | - Kévin Alexandre
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Univ Rouen Normandie, Université de Caen Normandie, INSERM, Normandie Univ, DYNAMICURE UMR 1311, CHU Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - Martine Pestel-Caron
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Univ Rouen Normandie, Université de Caen Normandie, INSERM, Normandie Univ, DYNAMICURE UMR 1311, CHU Rouen, Rouen, France
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Dong Y, Liu X, Xiong S, Cao M, Wu H, Chen L, Zhao M, Zheng Y, Zhang Z, Liu Y, Li Y, Qu Q, Dong C. Guanosine enhances the bactericidal effect of ceftiofur sodium on Streptococcus suis by activating bacterial metabolism. Virulence 2025; 16:2453525. [PMID: 39915976 PMCID: PMC11810099 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2025.2453525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2024] [Revised: 12/09/2024] [Accepted: 12/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2025] Open
Abstract
The emergence and rapid development of antibiotic resistance poses a serious threat to global public health. Streptococcus suis (S. suis) is an important zoonotic pathogen, and the development of its antibiotic resistance has made the infections difficult to treat. The combination of non-antibiotic compounds with antibiotics is considered a promising strategy against multidrug-resistant bacteria. However, the mechanism by which metabolites act as antibiotic adjuvant remains unclear. Here, we found that guanosine metabolism was repressed in multidrug-resistant S. suis. Exogenous guanosine promoted the antibacterial effects of ceftiofur sodium (CEF) in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we demonstrated that exogenous guanosine promoted the biosynthesis of purine pathway, TCA cycle and bacterial respiration, which make bacteria more sensitive to the killing effect of antibacterial. In addition, the function of the cell membrane is affected by guanosine and the accumulation of antimicrobials in the bacteria increased. Bacterial-oxidative stress and DNA damage induced by guanosine is also one of the mechanisms by which the antibacterial effect is enhanced. These results suggest that guanosine is a promising adjuvant for antibacterial drugs and provide new theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of S. suis infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P R China
| | - Xiaona Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P R China
| | - Shanshan Xiong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P R China
| | - Mingyu Cao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P R China
| | - Haojie Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P R China
| | - Long Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P R China
| | - Mengmeng Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P R China
| | - Yadan Zheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P R China
| | - Zhiyun Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P R China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P R China
| | - Yanhua Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P R China
| | - Qianwei Qu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P R China
| | - Chunliu Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P R China
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Liu Y, Cao Y, Li Y, Liu S, Xu Y, Yang W, Feng L. Preferences for and drivers of adult vaccination clinic site selection: A cross-sectional study in 30 provinces in China. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2025; 21:2442104. [PMID: 39794927 PMCID: PMC11730677 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2442104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2024] [Revised: 11/22/2024] [Accepted: 12/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2025] Open
Abstract
Focusing on vaccines available to adults and not in the immunization schedule, this study investigates the preferences and factors influencing adults in selecting vaccination clinic locations. It aims to provide strategic insights for boosting vaccination rates by analyzing adults' decision-making factors. This contributes to developing more efficient, patient-focused vaccination strategies that tackle vaccine hesitancy and improve access to vaccination sites. We conducted a cross-sectional study through the "YueMiao" platform from November 1 to December 10, 2023, using convenience and purposive sampling to engage 2014 participants. We collected data via online surveys that included questions about sociodemographic characteristics, sources of vaccination clinic information, clinic satisfaction, and the impact of site selection on vaccination decisions. Our findings reveal that adults' site preferences for vaccination are influenced by gender, age, income, and vaccination history. Participants showed a strong preference for locations that offer convenience, efficiency, transparent pricing, and a comfortable environment. Analysis of service satisfaction at these clinics indicates that vaccinated individuals report higher satisfaction with appointment systems, wait times, and service hours than those unvaccinated. Furthermore, the preference for vaccination sites consistently aligns with the vaccine type, with a majority opting for community health service centers. Our results suggest that public health strategies should concentrate on enhancing site convenience, service quality, and information transparency to elevate adult vaccination rates. Future initiatives should aim to increase public trust in vaccines, improve the selection and quality of vaccination sites, and effectively utilize digital technology for spreading vaccination information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Liu
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Peking Union Medical College), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yanlin Cao
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Peking Union Medical College), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yugang Li
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Siyuan Liu
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Peking Union Medical College), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yunshao Xu
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Peking Union Medical College), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Weizhong Yang
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Peking Union Medical College), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Luzhao Feng
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Peking Union Medical College), Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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Tan L, Mo Z, Gan W, Gao Z, Zhu J, Wu Z. The remodeling of B-cell subsets was correlated with the clearance of hepatitis B antigen during pegylated IFN α-2a therapy in CHB patients. Ann Med 2025; 57:2463569. [PMID: 39957563 PMCID: PMC11834791 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2025.2463569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND B-cell may participate in the cellular immune process of hepatitis B antigen clearance. However, the function and specific mechanism of B-cell during interferon-pegylated interferon α-2a (Peg-IFN-α) treatment in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients have not yet been described. METHODS A total of 150 CHB patients enrolled in this study, who received 48 weeks of Peg-IFN α treatment. The differentiation clusters CD19, CD24, CD27, CD38, CD40, and CD80 of B cell surface markers in CHB patients were detected by flow cytometry. Spearman correlation and Logistic regression analysis were performed for the analysis. RESULTS The clearance rate of HBsAg increased significantly with the duration of Peg-IFN-α treatment, reaching 32.2% by 48 weeks. During the Peg-IFN-α therapy, the frequency of B-cell and its subsets increased significantly. However, we did not observe any significant difference in the frequency of the B-cell and its subsets in patients with or without HBsAg clearance after 48 weeks Peg-IFN-α treatment. The change in HBsAg value was negatively related to the change in plasmablasts (CD19+CD38+) level before and after 48 weeks treatment (r = -0.326, p = 0.006). Moreover, the results showed that HBsAg <288.70 IU/mL at baseline and HBsAg <58.05 IU/mL at 12 weeks were strong predictors of HBsAg clearance in patients with 48 weeks Peg-IFN-α treatment. CONCLUSION The remodeling of B cell subsets, especially plasmablasts (CD19+CD38+), during Peg-IFN-α treatment was closed associated with the clearance of hepatitis B antigen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Tan
- Department of Medical Ultrasonic, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhishuo Mo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Topical Disease Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weiqiang Gan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Topical Disease Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiliang Gao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Topical Disease Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianyun Zhu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Topical Disease Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zeqian Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Topical Disease Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Alharthi R, Sueiro-Olivares M, Storer I, Bin Shuraym H, Scott J, Al-Shidhani R, Fortune-Grant R, Bignell E, Tabernero L, Bromley M, Zhao C, Amich J. The sulfur-related metabolic status of Aspergillus fumigatus during infection reveals cytosolic serine hydroxymethyltransferase as a promising antifungal target. Virulence 2025; 16:2449075. [PMID: 39825596 PMCID: PMC11749473 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2024.2449075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2024] [Revised: 11/07/2024] [Accepted: 12/28/2024] [Indexed: 01/20/2025] Open
Abstract
Sulfur metabolism is an essential aspect of fungal physiology and pathogenicity. Fungal sulfur metabolism comprises anabolic and catabolic routes that are not well conserved in mammals, therefore is considered a promising source of prospective novel antifungal targets. To gain insight into Aspergillus fumigatus sulfur-related metabolism during infection, we used a NanoString custom nCounter-TagSet and compared the expression of 68 key metabolic genes in different murine models of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, at 3 time-points, and under a variety of in vitro conditions. We identified a set of 15 genes that were consistently expressed at higher levels in vivo than in vitro, suggesting that they may be particularly relevant for intrapulmonary growth and thus constitute promising drug targets. Indeed, the role of 5 of the 15 genes has previously been empirically validated, supporting the likelihood that the remaining candidates are relevant. In addition, the analysis of gene expression dynamics at early (16 h), mid (24 h), and late (72 h) time-points uncovered potential disease initiation and progression factors. We further characterized one of the identified genes, encoding the cytosolic serine hydroxymethyltransferase ShmB, and demonstrated that it is an essential gene of A. fumigatus, also required for virulence in a murine model of established pulmonary infection. We further showed that the structure of the ligand-binding pocket of the fungal enzyme differs significantly from its human counterpart, suggesting that specific inhibitors can be designed. Therefore, in vivo transcriptomics is a powerful tool for identifying genes crucial for fungal pathogenicity that may encode promising antifungal target candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Alharthi
- Manchester Fungal Infection Group (MFIG), Division of Evolution, Infection, and Genomics, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Monica Sueiro-Olivares
- Manchester Fungal Infection Group (MFIG), Division of Evolution, Infection, and Genomics, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Isabelle Storer
- Manchester Fungal Infection Group (MFIG), Division of Evolution, Infection, and Genomics, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Hajer Bin Shuraym
- Manchester Fungal Infection Group (MFIG), Division of Evolution, Infection, and Genomics, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Jennifer Scott
- Manchester Fungal Infection Group (MFIG), Division of Evolution, Infection, and Genomics, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Reem Al-Shidhani
- Lydia Becker Institute for Immunology and Inflammation, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Rachael Fortune-Grant
- Manchester Fungal Infection Group (MFIG), Division of Evolution, Infection, and Genomics, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Elaine Bignell
- MRC Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Lydia Tabernero
- Lydia Becker Institute for Immunology and Inflammation, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Michael Bromley
- Manchester Fungal Infection Group (MFIG), Division of Evolution, Infection, and Genomics, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Can Zhao
- Department of Life Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Jorge Amich
- Manchester Fungal Infection Group (MFIG), Division of Evolution, Infection, and Genomics, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Mycology Reference Laboratory (Laboratorio deReferencia e Investigación en Micología LRIM), National Centre for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- CiberInfec ISCIII, CIBER en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Xiao N, Oong XY, Chen Y, Li C, Chung HCH, Wang P, Ye Z, Lam AHC, Cai J, Song W, Lee ACY, Chu H, Kok KH, Chan JFW, Yuan S, Chen H, Yuen KY, Zhang AJX. Reverse genetics-derived cattle H5N1 virus from Clade 2.3.4.4b shows enhanced systemic infectivity and pathogenicity than an older Clade 1 H5N1 virus in BALB/c mice. Emerg Microbes Infect 2025; 14:2475836. [PMID: 40035774 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2025.2475836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2025] [Accepted: 02/28/2025] [Indexed: 03/06/2025]
Abstract
The newly emerged avian influenza A H5N1 Clade 2.3.4.4b can infect dairy cows and shed live virus in their milk. Sporadic cattle-to-human infections have been reported, highlighting the urgent need to understand its pathogenesis in mammals. Using both non-lactating and lactating BALB/c mice, we examined the viral tissue tropism, histopathological damages, and host immune responses upon intranasal inoculation with a reverse-genetic virus constructed based on A/dairy cattle/Texas/24-008749-003/2024 (Cattle-H5N1) and comparing with an older reference Clade 1 virus, A/Vietnam/1194/2004 virus (VNM1194-H5N1). Cattle-H5N1 was highly lethal in mice (mLD50 = 1.48PFU) with broad tissue tropism and produced higher titer in respiratory tissue and multiple extrapulmonary organs than VNM1194-H5N1. In the lungs, Cattle-H5N1 infection of airway epithelium, type II pneumocytes and CD45+ immune cells were at a higher frequency than those of VNM1194-H5N1-infected mice, resulting in severe epithelial destruction and diffuse alveolar damage accompanied by elevated lung and serum pro-inflammatory cytokine/chemokines. Although both H5N1 viruses showed lactating mammary gland tropism, the gland tissue was more severely damaged after Cattle-H5N1 infection with abundant viral antigens expression in glandular cells, associated fat and lymphoid tissues. Furthermore, more suckling mice co-housed with Cattle-H5N1 infected lactating mice were virus-positive (7/30 pups) than VNM1194-H5N1. Brains were heavily infected by Cattle-H5N1, and neurological signs such as body-rolling/spinning, trembling and/or limb paralysis were seen only in Cattle-H5N1 infected mice. The spleen was more severely damaged by Cattle-H5N1 infection, which showed massive viral antigen expression accompanied by severe apoptosis and splenic atrophy, concluding that Cattle-H5N1 is more virulent in mice than VNM1194-H5N1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Yong Oong
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Shatin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanxia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Shatin, People's Republic of China
| | - Can Li
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Shatin, People's Republic of China
| | - Howard Chun-Ho Chung
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Shatin, People's Republic of China
| | - Pui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Shatin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanhong Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Shatin, People's Republic of China
| | - Alvin Hiu-Chung Lam
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Shatin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianpiao Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Shatin, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenchen Song
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Andrew Chak-Yiu Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Shatin, People's Republic of China
| | - Hin Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Shatin, People's Republic of China
| | - Kin-Hang Kok
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Shatin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Shatin, People's Republic of China
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuofeng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Shatin, People's Republic of China
| | - Honglin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Shatin, People's Republic of China
| | - Kwok-Yung Yuen
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Shatin, People's Republic of China
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Anna Jin-Xia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Shatin, People's Republic of China
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45
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Tsang CC, Zhao C, Liu Y, Lin KPK, Tang JYM, Cheng KO, Chow FWN, Yao W, Chan KF, Poon SNL, Wong KYC, Zhou L, Mak OTN, Lee JCY, Zhao S, Ngan AHY, Wu AKL, Fung KSC, Que TL, Teng JLL, Schnieders D, Yiu SM, Lau SKP, Woo PCY. Automatic identification of clinically important Aspergillus species by artificial intelligence-based image recognition: proof-of-concept study. Emerg Microbes Infect 2025; 14:2434573. [PMID: 39585232 PMCID: PMC11632928 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2434573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 11/06/2024] [Accepted: 11/21/2024] [Indexed: 11/26/2024]
Abstract
While morphological examination is the most widely used for Aspergillus identification in clinical laboratories, PCR-sequencing and MALDI-TOF MS are emerging technologies in more financially-competent laboratories. However, mycological expertise, molecular biologists and/or expensive equipment are needed for these. Recently, artificial intelligence (AI), especially image recognition, is being increasingly employed in medicine for fast and automated disease diagnosis. We explored the potential utility of AI in identifying Aspergillus species. In this proof-of-concept study, using 2813, 2814 and 1240 images from four clinically important Aspergillus species for training, validation and testing, respectively; the performances and accuracies of automatic Aspergillus identification using colonial images by three different convolutional neural networks were evaluated. Results demonstrated that ResNet-18 outperformed Inception-v3 and DenseNet-121 and is the best algorithm of choice because it made the fewest misidentifications (n = 8) and possessed the highest testing accuracy (99.35%). Images showing more unique morphological features were more accurately identified. AI-based image recognition using colonial images is a promising technology for Aspergillus identification. Given its short turn-around-time, minimal demand of expertise, low reagent/equipment costs and user-friendliness, it has the potential to serve as a routine laboratory diagnostic tool after the database is further expanded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Ching Tsang
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Tung Wah College, Homantin, Hong Kong
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Chenyang Zhao
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Yueh Liu
- Doctoral Program in Translational Medicine and Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ken P. K. Lin
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - James Y. M. Tang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Kar-On Cheng
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Franklin W. N. Chow
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hunghom, Hong Kong
| | - Weiming Yao
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Ka-Fai Chan
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Sharon N. L. Poon
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Kelly Y. C. Wong
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Lianyi Zhou
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Oscar T. N. Mak
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Jeremy C. Y. Lee
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Suhui Zhao
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Antonio H. Y. Ngan
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Alan K. L. Wu
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Chai Wan, Hong Kong
| | - Kitty S. C. Fung
- Department of Pathology, United Christian Hospital, Kwun Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Tak-Lun Que
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Tuen Mun Hospital, Tuen Mun, Hong Kong
| | - Jade L. L. Teng
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong
| | - Dirk Schnieders
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Siu-Ming Yiu
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Susanna K. P. Lau
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Patrick C. Y. Woo
- Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
- Doctoral Program in Translational Medicine and Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Research Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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46
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Chen H, Cao S, Zhou Y, Wang T, Jiao Y, Tan Y, Wu Y, Ren Y, Song Y, Zhang JR, Du Z, Yang R. Molecular turn in Yersinia pestis pathogenesis: implications of the gppA frameshift for bacterial survival in human macrophage. Emerg Microbes Infect 2025; 14:2467778. [PMID: 39945756 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2025.2467778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2025] [Accepted: 02/11/2025] [Indexed: 03/04/2025]
Abstract
Yersinia pestis, the etiological agent of the devastating plague, has caused three pandemics in human history. While known for its fatality, it has long been intriguing that biovar microtus strains are highly attenuated to humans. The survival and replication within macrophages are critical in the early stages of the Y. pestis lifestyle within warm-blooded hosts. Here, we demonstrate that a frameshift truncation of gppA, a gene encoding the phosphohydrolase GppA that responsible for the conversion of stringent response alarmone pppGpp to ppGpp, significantly promotes Y. pestis to survive inside human macrophages. This frameshift mutation of gppA is present in all the evolutionary branches formed by the modern Y. pestis strains responsible for the plague pandemics, while the relative ancient microtus strains express a functional GppA showing high activity in catalyzing pppGpp to ppGpp conversion. This adaptive evolution potentially explains why microtus Y. pestis strains exhibit attenuated virulence in humans in contrast to the lethal pathogenicity of non-microtus strains. Transcriptome analysis suggests that the disturbed balance of the ratio of ppGpp to pppGpp caused by GppA inactivation results in an upregulation of genes involved in the synthesis of branched-chain amino acids, which are essential for bacterial growth. This enhanced survival ability within macrophages could be a key factor for the virulence of Y. pestis towards humans. Our work sheds light on the molecular mechanisms behind Y. pestis host-specific pathogenicity, offering significant implications for enhancing our ability to predict and counteract the emergence of new infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Chen
- Center for Infection Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiyang Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yazhou Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yafang Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yarong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yajun Song
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Ren Zhang
- Center for Infection Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zongmin Du
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruifu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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47
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Jimenez-Sanchez M, Celiberto LS, Yang H, Sham HP, Vallance BA. The gut-skin axis: a bi-directional, microbiota-driven relationship with therapeutic potential. Gut Microbes 2025; 17:2473524. [PMID: 40050613 PMCID: PMC11901370 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2025.2473524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2024] [Revised: 01/20/2025] [Accepted: 02/21/2025] [Indexed: 03/14/2025] Open
Abstract
This review explores the emerging term "gut-skin axis" (GSA), describing the bidirectional signaling that occurs between the skin and the gastrointestinal tract under both homeostatic and disease conditions. Central to GSA communication are the gut and skin microbiota, the microbial communities that colonize these barrier surfaces. By influencing diverse host pathways, including innate immune, vitamin D receptor, and Aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling, a balanced microbiota contributes to both tissue homeostasis and host defense. In contrast, microbiota imbalance, or dysbiosis at one site, can lead to local barrier dysfunction, resulting in the activation of signaling pathways that can disrupt tissue homeostasis at the other site, potentially leading to inflammatory skin conditions such as atopic dermatitis and psoriasis, or gut diseases like Inflammatory Bowel Disease. To date, most research on the GSA has examined the impact of the gut microbiota and diet on skin health, but recent studies show that exposing the skin to ultraviolet B-light can beneficially modulate both the gut microbiome and intestinal health. Thus, despite the traditional focus of clinicians and researchers on these organ systems as distinct, the GSA offers new opportunities to better understand the pathogenesis of cutaneous and gastrointestinal diseases and promote health at both sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maira Jimenez-Sanchez
- Department of Pediatrics, BC Children’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Larissa S. Celiberto
- Department of Pediatrics, BC Children’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Hyungjun Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, BC Children’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Ho Pan Sham
- Department of Pediatrics, BC Children’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Bruce A. Vallance
- Department of Pediatrics, BC Children’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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48
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Li H, Tang X, Yang T, Liao T, Debowski AW, Yang T, Shen Y, Nilsson HO, Haslam SM, Mulloy B, Dell A, Stubbs KA, Fischer W, Haas R, Tang H, Marshall BJ, Benghezal M. Reinvestigation into the role of lipopolysaccharide Glycosyltransferases in Helicobacter pylori protein glycosylation. Gut Microbes 2025; 17:2455513. [PMID: 39834051 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2025.2455513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2024] [Revised: 01/07/2025] [Accepted: 01/14/2025] [Indexed: 01/22/2025] Open
Abstract
Protein glycosylation has been considered as a fundamental phenomenon shared by all domains of life. In Helicobacter pylori, glycosylation of flagellins A and B with pseudaminic acid have been rigorously confirmed and shown to be essential for flagella assembly and bacterial colonization. In addition to flagellins, several other proteins including RecA, AlpA/B, and BabA/B in H. pylori have also been reported to be glycosylated and to be dependent on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) biosynthetic pathway. However, these proteins have not been purified for sugar-specific staining or structural analysis to confirm the existence of carbohydrate motifs. Here, using a combined approach of genetics, protein purification, and sugar-specific staining, we demonstrate that RecA is not a glycoprotein. Moreover, using LPS-protein reconstitution experiments, we demonstrate that the presence of O-antigen containing full-length LPS interferes with the electrophoretic mobility of H. pylori RecA and many other proteins including AlpA/B on SDS-PAGE. Finally, we demonstrate that full-length LPS extracted from E. coli affects electrophoretic migration of H. pylori proteins, while full-length LPS extracted from H. pylori similarly influences the electrophoretic migration of E. coli proteins. The impact is more subtle with E. coli LPS compared to H. pylori LPS, indicating that the magnitude of effect of LPS effects on protein mobility is dependent on bacterial source of the LPS. These findings suggest that the effects of full-length LPS on protein electrophoresis may represent a more general phenomenon. As LPS is a unique component of virtually all Gram-negative bacteria, our data suggest that when observing protein electrophoretic mobility shifts between wild-type and LPS mutant strains or between subcellular fractionation samples, the influence of LPS on protein electrophoretic migration should be considered first, rather than interpreting it as potential protein glycosylation that is dependent upon LPS biosynthetic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Li
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Infectious and Liver Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Helicobacter pylori Research Laboratory, Marshall Centre for Infectious Disease Research and Training, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Xiaoqiong Tang
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Infectious and Liver Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tiandi Yang
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Tingting Liao
- Helicobacter pylori Research Laboratory, Marshall Centre for Infectious Disease Research and Training, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Aleksandra W Debowski
- Helicobacter pylori Research Laboratory, Marshall Centre for Infectious Disease Research and Training, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
- School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Tiankuo Yang
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Infectious and Liver Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yalin Shen
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Infectious and Liver Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hans-Olof Nilsson
- Helicobacter pylori Research Laboratory, Marshall Centre for Infectious Disease Research and Training, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Stuart M Haslam
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Barbara Mulloy
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Anne Dell
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Keith A Stubbs
- School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Wolfgang Fischer
- Max von Pettenkofer Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, and German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Rainer Haas
- Max von Pettenkofer Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, and German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Max von Pettenkofer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Hong Tang
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Infectious and Liver Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Barry J Marshall
- Helicobacter pylori Research Laboratory, Marshall Centre for Infectious Disease Research and Training, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Mohammed Benghezal
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Infectious and Liver Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Helicobacter pylori Research Laboratory, Marshall Centre for Infectious Disease Research and Training, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
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49
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Liu X, Huang L, Ye Y, Wang H, Tang M, He F, Xia Z, Deng S, Zhang P, Dai R, Liang S. Staphylococcus aureus nt5 gene mutation through CRISPR RNA-guided base editing weakens bacterial virulence and immune evasion. Virulence 2025; 16:2451163. [PMID: 39843407 PMCID: PMC11759621 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2025.2451163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2024] [Revised: 12/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2025] [Indexed: 01/24/2025] Open
Abstract
The resistance of commonly used clinical antibiotics, such as daptomycin (DAP), has become increasingly serious in the fight against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infection. It is essential to explore key pathogenicity-driven genes/proteins in bacterial infection and antibiotics resistance, which contributes to develop novel therapeutic strategies against S. aureus infections. The nt5 gene of S. aureus, encoding 5'-nucleotidase (NT5), is nearly unknown for its function in drug resistance and bacterial infection. Herein, to reveal nt5 gene role in drug resistance and infection ability of S. aureus, we performed nt5C166T gene mutation using a clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeat ribonucleic acid (RNA)-guided base editing system to investigate the lose-of-function of NT5 protein. Subsequent transcriptome sequencing of the mutant strain revealed that nt5 inactivation caused changes in cell membrane integrity and inhibited nucleotide metabolism, suggesting the nt5 gene may be involved in bacterial drug resistance and virulence. The mutant strain exhibited enhanced tolerance to DAP treatment by attenuating cell membrane potential dissipation and slowing deoxyribonucleic acid release. Moreover, the nt5 mutation alleviated abscess degree of mouse kidneys caused by S. aureus infection byreducing the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-18. The nt5 mutant strain was easily swallowed by host immune cells, resulting in weak bacterial toxicity of the S. aureus mutant in the bacterial infection process. In summary, nt5 gene mutation confers tolerance to DAP and a lower bacterial capacity to form kidney abscesses through phagocytosis of host immune cells, which indicates the targeted inhibition of NT5 protein would offer a potential new therapeutic strategy against S. aureus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinpeng Liu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lan Huang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Ye
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haiyi Wang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Tang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fuqiang He
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zijing Xia
- Department of Rheumatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shi Deng
- Department of Urinary Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ruiwu Dai
- Department of General Surgery, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shufang Liang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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50
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Joushomme A, Désilets A, Champagne W, Hassanzadeh M, Lemieux G, Gravel-Trudeau A, Lepage M, Lafrenière S, Froehlich U, List K, Boudreault PL, Leduc R. Development of ketobenzothiazole-based peptidomimetic TMPRSS13 inhibitors with low nanomolar potency. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2025; 40:2466841. [PMID: 39976239 PMCID: PMC11843629 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2025.2466841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2024] [Revised: 01/20/2025] [Accepted: 02/06/2025] [Indexed: 02/21/2025] Open
Abstract
TMPRSS13, a member of the Type II Transmembrane Serine Proteases (TTSP) family, is involved in cancer progression and in respiratory virus cell entry. To date, no inhibitors have been specifically developed for this protease. In this study, a chemical library of 65 ketobenzothiazole-based peptidomimetic molecules was screened against a proteolytically active form of recombinant TMPRSS13 to identify novel inhibitors. Following an initial round of screening, subsequent synthesis of additional derivatives supported by molecular modelling revealed important molecular determinants involved in TMPRSS13 inhibition. One inhibitor, N-0430, achieved low nanomolar affinity towards TMPRSS13 activity in a cellular context. Using a SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus cell entry model, we further demonstrated the ability of N-0430 to block TMPRSS13-dependent entry of the pseudovirus. The identified peptidomimetic inhibitors and the molecular insights into their potency gained from this study will aid in the development of specific TMPRSS13 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Joushomme
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Antoine Désilets
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - William Champagne
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Malihe Hassanzadeh
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Gabriel Lemieux
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Alice Gravel-Trudeau
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Matthieu Lepage
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Sabrina Lafrenière
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Ulrike Froehlich
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Karin List
- Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Pierre-Luc Boudreault
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Richard Leduc
- Department of Pharmacology-Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
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