451
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452
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Fleming BC, Magarian EM, Harrison SL, Paller DJ, Murray MM. Collagen scaffold supplementation does not improve the functional properties of the repaired anterior cruciate ligament. J Orthop Res 2010; 28:703-9. [PMID: 20058276 PMCID: PMC2858260 DOI: 10.1002/jor.21071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Primary suture anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) repair was abandoned in favor of reconstruction due to a high rate of clinical failures. However, the insertion of a collagen scaffold loaded with platelets into the wound at the time of suture repair ("enhanced primary repair") has been shown to improve functional healing in animal models. Our objectives were to determine if using a collagen scaffold alone (without platelets) would be sufficient to increase the structural properties of the repaired ACL and decrease postoperative knee laxity compared to suture repair without the scaffold. Eight Yucatan minipigs underwent bilateral ACL transection and suture repair. In one knee, the repair was augmented with a collagen scaffold (SCAFFOLD group) while the other had suture alone (SUTURE group). After 13 weeks of healing, knee joint laxity and the structural properties of the ACL were measured. The addition of the collagen scaffold to suture repair of a transected ACL did not significantly improve the mean anteroposterior knee laxity [SCAFFOLD vs. SUTURE: 6.1 +/- 1.4 vs. 4.4 +/- 2.0 mm (p = 0.07), 8.1 +/- 2.0 vs. 7.6 +/- 2.0 mm (p = 0.66), and 6.2 +/- 1.2 vs. 6.1 +/- 1.8 mm (p = 0.85) at 30 degrees, 60 degrees, and 90 degrees flexion, respectively]. Likewise, there were no significant differences in the structural properties [SCAFFOLD vs. SUTURE: 367 +/- 185.9 vs. 322 +/- 122.0N (p = 0.66) and 90.7 +/- 29.5 vs. 85.0 +/- 30.3N/mm (p = 0.74) for the yield load and linear stiffness, respectively]. The use of a collagen scaffold alone to enhance suture repair of the ACL was ineffective in this animal model. Future work will be directed at stimulating biological activity in the scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Braden C. Fleming
- Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903
| | - Elise M. Magarian
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Sophia L. Harrison
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - David J. Paller
- Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02903
| | - Martha M. Murray
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Children’s Hospital of Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
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453
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Przybyla DE, Chmielewski J. Higher-Order Assembly of Collagen Peptides into Nano- and Microscale Materials. Biochemistry 2010; 49:4411-9. [PMID: 20415447 DOI: 10.1021/bi902129p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David E. Przybyla
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Jean Chmielewski
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, 206 South Martin Jischke Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
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454
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van der Veen VC, van der Wal MB, van Leeuwen MC, Ulrich MM, Middelkoop E. Biological background of dermal substitutes. Burns 2010; 36:305-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2009.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2009] [Accepted: 07/13/2009] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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455
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Vavken P, Murray MM. Translational studies in anterior cruciate ligament repair. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2010; 16:5-11. [PMID: 20143926 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2009.0147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Translational research, which can be explained as the principle of combining advances in both basic research and clinical understanding in a bedside-to-bench-to-bedside approach, has become one of the central themes of present-day medical research. One orthopedic problem that has strongly benefited from such an approach is tissue-engineering-enhanced primary repair of the anterior cruciate ligament. Recent years have shown a clearer definition of the clinical problem and established an underlying mechanistic cause of the incapacity of the anterior cruciate ligament to heal-the premature loss of provisional scaffold in the wound site. These clinical findings were then translated into a research objective, namely, to replace the missing scaffold with a biomaterial with appropriate structural and bio-stimulatory characteristics. Subsequently, a tissue-engineering-based treatment using a collagen-platelet composite was developed and tested in vitro. After proofing the efficacy of this new treatment in the laboratory, it was translated into a potential clinical application, which showed highly successful results in structural integrity and biomechanical capacity in large animal testing. This approach of defining the scientific mechanism underlying a clinical observation and then using that information to design new therapies is but one example of how translational research in tissue engineering can help define and develop new treatments for challenging problems faced by patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Vavken
- Sports Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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456
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Chen W, Shi C, Yi S, Chen B, Zhang W, Fang Z, Wei Z, Jiang S, Sun X, Hou X, Xiao Z, Ye G, Dai J. Bladder regeneration by collagen scaffolds with collagen binding human basic fibroblast growth factor. J Urol 2010; 183:2432-9. [PMID: 20403614 DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2010.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Studies show that basic fibroblast growth factor can promote bladder regeneration. However, the lack of targeting delivery approaches limits its clinical application. We investigated a collagen based targeting system for bladder regeneration. A collagen binding domain was added to the native basic fibroblast growth factor N-terminal to allow it to bind to collagen. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats underwent partial cystectomy. Collagen scaffolds loaded with collagen binding domain basic fibroblast growth factor, native basic fibroblast growth factor or phosphate buffered saline were grafted to the remaining host bladders, respectively. At days 30 and 90 reconstructed bladders were evaluated by histological analysis and urodynamics. RESULTS This targeting basic fibroblast growth factor delivery system induced satisfying bladder histological structures. It promoted more vascularization and smooth muscle cell ingrowth. Urodynamics revealed well accommodated bladder tissue with volume capacity and compliance. CONCLUSIONS Results show that the targeting delivery system consisting of collagen binding domain basic fibroblast growth factor and collagen membranes induced better bladder regeneration at the injury site. Thus, this targeting delivery system may be an effective strategy for bladder regeneration with potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Department of Urology, Center of Nephrology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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457
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Lima EG, Tan AR, Tai T, Marra KG, DeFail A, Ateshian GA, Hung CT. Genipin enhances the mechanical properties of tissue-engineered cartilage and protects against inflammatory degradation when used as a medium supplement. J Biomed Mater Res A 2010; 91:692-700. [PMID: 19025982 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.32305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Genipin is a naturally-derived biocompatible cross-linking agent commonly used to generate three dimensional tissue-engineered scaffolds or to fix biologically derived scaffolds prior to implantation. Here we propose a novel use for genipin as a long-term culture medium supplement to promote cross-linking of de novo cell products that are produced in engineered cartilage. We hypothesize that the application of genipin will stabilize the extracellular matrix components and increase the mechanical properties of developing engineered cartilage. Chondrocytes encapsulated in agarose hydrogel (a neutrally charged polysaccharide scaffold that is unaffected by genipin cross-linking) were cultured in a chemically-defined growth medium that was supplemented with varying concentrations of genipin (22 microM, 220 microM, 2200 microM) for various durations (continuous or intermittent). Tissues developed significantly higher mechanical properties (+28% dynamic modulus and +20% Young's modulus) by day 42 with genipin treatment compared to untreated controls. These increases were not immediate, but presented over culture time after genipin treatment. The genipin treated groups were also more resistant to cytokine-induced degradation with interleukin-1alpha; maintaining an E(Y) (+218%), G* (+390%) and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content (+477%) over genipin-untreated constructs subjected to interleukin. We hypothesize two mechanisms through which the physical enhancement of tissue properties may be fostered: (1) by cross-link mediated reorganization and enhanced retention of cell-elaborated extracellular matrix components, and (2) through reduction of the loss of extracellular matrix components by increasing their resilience to catabolic degradation. These studies demonstrate a potential use of genipin as a medium supplement to develop enhanced engineered cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric G Lima
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
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458
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Sundar S, Kundu J, Kundu SC. Biopolymeric nanoparticles. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2010; 11:014104. [PMID: 27877319 PMCID: PMC5090546 DOI: 10.1088/1468-6996/11/1/014104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2009] [Revised: 02/26/2010] [Accepted: 01/27/2010] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
This review on nanoparticles highlights the various biopolymers (proteins and polysaccharides) which have recently revolutionized the world of biocompatible and degradable natural biological materials. The methods of their fabrication, including emulsification, desolvation, coacervation and electrospray drying are described. The characterization of different parameters for a given nanoparticle, such as particle size, surface charge, morphology, stability, structure, cellular uptake, cytotoxicity, drug loading and drug release, is outlined together with the relevant measurement techniques. Applications in the fields of medicine and biotechnology are discussed along with a promising future scope.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joydip Kundu
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India
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459
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Walton RS, Brand DD, Czernuszka JT. Influence of telopeptides, fibrils and crosslinking on physicochemical properties of type I collagen films. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2010; 21:451-461. [PMID: 19851839 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-009-3910-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2009] [Accepted: 10/08/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Type I collagen is widely used in various different forms for research and commercial applications. Different forms of collagen may be classified according to their source, extraction method, crosslinking and resultant ultrastructure. In this study, afibrillar and reconstituted fibrillar films, derived from acid soluble and pepsin digested Type I collagen, were analysed using Lateral Force Microscopy (LFM), Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and enzymatic stability assays to asses the influence of telopeptides, fibrils and crosslinking. LFM proved to be a useful technique to confirm an afibrillar/fibrillar ultrastructure and to elucidate fibril diameters. FTIR has proved insensitive to ultrastructural differences involving telopeptides and fibrils. DSC results showed a significant increase in T(d) for crosslinked samples (+22-28 degrees C), and demonstrated that the thermal behaviour of hydrated, afibrillar films is more akin to reconstituted fibrillar films than monomeric solutions. The enzymatic stability assay has provided new evidence to show that afibrillar films of Type I collagen can be significantly more resistant to collagenase (by up to 3.5 times), than reconstituted fibrillar films, as a direct consequence of the different spatial arrangement of collagen molecules. A novel mechanism for this phenomenon is proposed and discussed. Additionally, the presence of telopeptide regions in afibrillar tropocollagen samples has been shown to increase resistance to collagenase by greater than 3.5 times compared to counterpart afibrillar atelocollagen samples. One-factor ANOVA analysis, with Fisher's LSD post-hoc test, confirms these key findings to be of statistical significance (P < 0.05). The profound physicochemical effects of collagen ultrastructure demonstrated in this study reiterates the need for comprehensive materials disclosure and classification when using these biomaterials.
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460
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Tronci G, Neffe AT, Pierce BF, Lendlein A. An entropy–elastic gelatin-based hydrogel system. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm00883d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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461
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Huang S, Fu X. Naturally derived materials-based cell and drug delivery systems in skin regeneration. J Control Release 2009; 142:149-59. [PMID: 19850093 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2009.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2009] [Accepted: 10/13/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The objective of regenerative medicine is to provide cells with a local environment of artificial extracellular matrix where they can proliferate and differentiate efficiently and therefore, induce the repair of defective tissues according to the natural healing potential of patients. For this purpose, naturally derived materials are being widely used because of their similarities to the extracellular matrix, typically good biocharacteristics and inherent cellular interaction. Also, natural polymers can be engineered to release growth factors and related agents in response to physiologic signals to imitate the natural healing process and to promote fast tissue regeneration and reduce scarring in wounds. Although synthetic materials have been used extensively in tissue engineering fields, this review illustrates the contribution of natural materials and natural materials-based protein delivery systems to regenerative medicine research, with emphasis on the application of multifunctional vehicles for cell and growth factor delivery in skin regeneration research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Huang
- Wound Healing and Cell Biology Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100853, PR China
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462
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463
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Smith S, Griffiths S, MacGregor S, Beveridge J, Anderson J, van der Walle C, Grant MH. Pulsed electric field as a potential new method for microbial inactivation in scaffold materials for tissue engineering: The effect on collagen as a scaffold. J Biomed Mater Res A 2009; 90:844-51. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.32150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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464
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Nakamura M, Yamaguchi K, Mie M, Nakamura M, Akita K, Kobatake E. Promotion of Angiogenesis by an Artificial Extracellular Matrix Protein Containing the Laminin-1-Derived IKVAV Sequence. Bioconjug Chem 2009; 20:1759-64. [DOI: 10.1021/bc900126b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Makiko Nakamura
- Department of Biological Information, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toyama
| | - Kumiko Yamaguchi
- Department of Biological Information, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toyama
| | - Masayasu Mie
- Department of Biological Information, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toyama
| | - Makoto Nakamura
- Department of Biological Information, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toyama
| | - Keiichi Akita
- Department of Biological Information, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toyama
| | - Eiry Kobatake
- Department of Biological Information, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toyama
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465
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Baroli B. From natural bone grafts to tissue engineering therapeutics: Brainstorming on pharmaceutical formulative requirements and challenges. J Pharm Sci 2009; 98:1317-75. [PMID: 18729202 DOI: 10.1002/jps.21528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineering is an emerging multidisciplinary field of investigation focused on the regeneration of diseased or injured tissues through the delivery of appropriate molecular and mechanical signals. Therefore, bone tissue engineering covers all the attempts to reestablish a normal physiology or to speed up healing of bone in all musculoskeletal disorders and injuries that are lashing modern societies. This article attempts to give a pharmaceutical perspective on the production of engineered man-made bone grafts that are described as implantable tissue engineering therapeutics, and to highlight the importance of understanding bone composition and structure, as well as osteogenesis and bone healing processes, to improve the design and development of such implants. In addition, special emphasis is given to pharmaceutical aspects that are frequently minimized, but that, instead, may be useful for formulation developments and in vitro/in vivo correlations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biancamaria Baroli
- Dip. Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, Università di Cagliari, Via Ospedale, 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
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466
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Shaker MA, Younes HM. Interleukin-2: Evaluation of Routes of Administration and Current Delivery Systems in Cancer Therapy. J Pharm Sci 2009; 98:2268-98. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.21596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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467
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Wang LY, Wang YJ, Cao DR. Surface Modification of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Membrane by Combining Surface Aminolysis Treatment with Collagen Immobilization. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/10601320903004517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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468
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Zeugolis DI, Paul GR, Attenburrow G. Cross-linking of extruded collagen fibers-A biomimetic three-dimensional scaffold for tissue engineering applications. J Biomed Mater Res A 2009; 89:895-908. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.32031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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469
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Iop L, Renier V, Naso F, Piccoli M, Bonetti A, Gandaglia A, Pozzobon M, Paolin A, Ortolani F, Marchini M, Spina M, De Coppi P, Sartore S, Gerosa G. The influence of heart valve leaflet matrix characteristics on the interaction between human mesenchymal stem cells and decellularized scaffolds. Biomaterials 2009; 30:4104-16. [PMID: 19481252 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2009.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2009] [Accepted: 04/21/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The potential for in vitro colonization of decellularized valves by human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) towards the anisotropic layers ventricularis and fibrosa and in homo- vs. heterotypic cell-ECM interactions has never been investigated. hBM-MSCs were expanded and characterized by immunofluorescence and FACS analysis. Porcine and human pulmonary valve leaflets (p- and hPVLs, respectively) underwent decellularization with Triton X100-sodium cholate treatment (TRICOL), followed by nuclear fragment removal. hBM-MSCs (2x10(6) cells/cm(2)) were seeded onto fibrosa (FS) or ventricularis (VS) of decellularized PVLs, precoated with FBS and fibronectin, and statically cultured for 30 days. Bioengineered PVLs revealed no histopathological features but a reconstructed endothelium lining and the presence of fibroblasts, myofibroblasts and SMCs, as in the corresponding native leaflet. The two valve layers behaved differently as regards hBM-MSC repopulation potential, however, with a higher degree of 3D spreading and differentiation in VS than in FS samples, and with enhanced cell survival and colonization effects in the homotypic ventricularis matrix, suggesting that hBM-MSC phenotypic conversion is strongly influenced in vitro by the anisotropic valve microstructure and species-specific matching between extracellular matrix and donor cells. These findings are of particular relevance to in vivo future applications of valve tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Iop
- Department of Cardiologic, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani, 2 - I-35128 Padua, Italy.
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470
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Hwang CJ, Vaccaro AR, Lawrence JP, Hong J, Schellekens H, Alaoui-Ismaili MH, Falb D. Immunogenicity of bone morphogenetic proteins. J Neurosurg Spine 2009; 10:443-51. [DOI: 10.3171/2009.1.spine08473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Object
The object of this paper is to review the immunogenicity of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and to compare the results of the immunogenicity characterization and clinical consequences between recombinant human (rh)BMP-2 and recombinant human osteogenic protein-1 (rhOP-1/BMP-7).
Methods
The immunogenicity of therapeutic proteins and its clinical effects were reviewed. The characteristics of BMPs were also described in terms of immunogenicity. The methods and results of antibody detection in various clinical trials of rhBMP-2 and rhOP-1 were compared, including the most recent studies using a systematic characterization strategy with both a binding assay and bioassay.
Results
Similar to all recombinant human proteins, rhBMPs induce immune responses in a select subgroup of patients. Adverse effects from this response in these patients, however, have not been reported with antibody formation to either rhBMP-2 or rhOP-1. Overall, the incidence of antibody formation was slightly higher in rhOP-1 trials than in rhBMP-2 trials.
Conclusions
Although they occur in a subgroup of patients, the immune responses against rhBMPs have no correlation with any clinical outcome or safety parameter. Clinicians, however, must be aware of the potential complications caused by the immunogenicity of BMPs until more studies clearly elucidate their safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Ju Hwang
- 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University and The Rothman Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Alexander R. Vaccaro
- 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University and The Rothman Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - James P. Lawrence
- 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University and The Rothman Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Joseph Hong
- 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University and The Rothman Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Huub Schellekens
- 2Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Innovation Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; and
| | | | - Dean Falb
- 3Stryker Biotech, Hopkinton, Massachusetts
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471
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What tissue bankers should know about the use of allograft tendons and cartilage in orthopaedics. Cell Tissue Bank 2009; 11:87-97. [DOI: 10.1007/s10561-009-9129-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2008] [Accepted: 03/27/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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472
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Abstract
Good hemostasis in surgery can provide multiple advantages to the patient, surgical team, and health care facility. Active and passive hemostatic agents have been widely used for many years and have extensive history supporting effective and safe use in a wide variety of surgical procedures. The type of surgical procedure, type of bleeding, hemostatic agent availability, and patient characteristics will influence the choice of topical hemostatic agent that is used by the surgeon. By actively participating in the coagulation cascade, active topical hemostatic agents are more able to meet the criteria of an ideal hemostatic agent in cases of oozing blood and minor bleeding during surgical procedures. Active agents can be used alone or in combination with passive agents. Familiarity with the products used to achieve hemostasis and their preparation can facilitate optimal use by surgical teams.
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473
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Yamazaki CM, Asada S, Kitagawa K, Koide T. Artificial collagen gels via self-assembly of de novo designed peptides. Biopolymers 2009; 90:816-23. [PMID: 18846567 DOI: 10.1002/bip.21100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Development of artificial collagens to replace the animal-derived collagens presents a challenge in the formation of safer and functional biomaterials. We report here the development of collagen-like gels by means of the self-assembly of chemically synthesized peptides. The peptides are disulfide-linked trimers of collagenous Gly-X-Y triplet repeats with self-complementary shapes. Upon cooling the peptide solutions, hydrogels of peptide supramolecules are formed by spontaneous intermolecular triple helix formation. The thermal gel-sol transition appeared to be reversible, and the transition temperatures were found to be tunable by the design of the peptides. Our systems for the formation of artificial collagen-like gels will offer possibilities for novel types of biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chisato M Yamazaki
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
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474
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Drug carrier systems based on collagen–alginate composite structures for improving the performance of GDNF-secreting HEK293 cells. Biomaterials 2009; 30:1214-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2008] [Accepted: 11/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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475
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Stadlinger B, Pilling E, Huhle M, Khavkin E, Bierbaum S, Scharnweber D, Kuhlisch E, Eckelt U, Mai R. Suitability of differently designed matrix-based implant surface coatings: An animal study on bone formation. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2008; 87:516-24. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.31138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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476
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Zeugolis D, Paul R, Attenburrow G. Post-self-assembly experimentation on extruded collagen fibres for tissue engineering applications. Acta Biomater 2008; 4:1646-56. [PMID: 18590987 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2008.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2007] [Revised: 05/08/2008] [Accepted: 05/15/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Extruded collagen fibres have been shown to constitute a biomimetic three-dimensional scaffold with numerous tissue engineering applications. The multi-step fabrication process of this material provides opportunities for further advancements to improve the properties of the final product. Herein we investigated the influence of the post-self-assembly washing baths on the structural, mechanical and thermal properties of these fibres. The surface morphology and the inter-fibre packing were similar for every treatment. The overnight incubation in isopropanol yielded fibres with the highest temperature and energy of denaturation (p<0.013). Typical s- and j-shape stress-strain curves were obtained for all treatments in the dry and wet state respectively. Rehydration of the fibres resulted in increased fibre diameter (p<0.006) and reduced stress (p<0.001), force (p<0.001) and modulus (p<0.002) values for every treatment. In the dry state, the alcohol-treated fibres were characterized by the highest stress (p<0.002) values; whilst in the wet state the Tris-HCl-treated fibres were the weakest (p<0.006). For every treatment, in both dry and wet state, a strong and inverse relationship between the fibre diameter and the stress at break was observed. Overall, the fibres produced were characterized by properties similar to those of native tissues.
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477
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Hayes AJ, Hughes CE, Caterson B. Antibodies and immunohistochemistry in extracellular matrix research. Methods 2008; 45:10-21. [PMID: 18442701 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2008.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2008] [Accepted: 01/30/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunohistochemistry is a powerful investigative tool that can provide researchers with important supplemental information to the routine morphological assessment of musculo-skeletal connective tissues in health and disease and also during tissue repair and regeneration. A wide variety of antibodies (both monoclonal and polyclonal) are now available from commercial and non-commercial sources that recognise the major structural and soluble components of cellular and extracellular matrix compartments. These include antibodies towards the major collagen and proteoglycan species and their metabolites, glycosaminoglycans, glycoproteins, enzymes, enzyme generated neo-epitopes, growth factors, cytokines and related signalling molecules. In addition, cell surface markers, cytoskeletal components and many other cytoplasmic and nuclear proteins, too numerous to mention, can also be detected. When allied with high resolution imaging modalities (e.g. confocal laser scanning microscopy) immunohistochemistry thus has the potential to reveal a wealth of macromolecular information about the complex three-dimensional composition and organisation of cellular and extracellular matrix compartments in many different connective tissue types. These technologies can also be used to quantify signal intensities and thereby facilitate numerical computation of image data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J Hayes
- Connective Tissue Biology Laboratory and Cardiff Institute of Tissue Engineering and Repair, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
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478
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Zeugolis DI, Paul RG, Attenburrow G. Extruded collagen-polyethylene glycol fibers for tissue engineering applications. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2008; 85:343-52. [PMID: 17957699 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.30952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The repair of anterior cruciate ligament, skin, tendon and cartilage remains a challenging clinical problem. Extruded collagen fibers comprise a promising scaffold for tissue engineering applications; however the engineering of these fibers has still to be improved to bring this material to clinical practice. Herein we investigate the influence of collagen concentration, the amount of PEG Mw 8K and the extrusion tube internal diameter on the properties of these fibers. Ultrastructural evaluation revealed packed intra-fibrillar structure. The thermal properties were found to be independent of the collagen concentration, the amount of PEG or the extrusion tube internal diameter (p > 0.05). An inversely proportional relationship between dry fiber diameter and stress at break was found. The 20% PEG was identified as the optimal amount required for the production of reproducible fibers. Increasing the collagen concentration resulted in fibers with higher diameter (p < 0.001), force (p < 0.001) and strain at break (p < 0.02) values, whilst the stress at break (p < 0.001) and the modulus (p < 0.007) values were decreased. Increasing the extrusion tube internal diameter influence significantly (p < 0.001) all the investigated mechanical properties. Overall, extruded collagen fibers were produced with properties similar to those of native or synthetic fibers to suit a wide range of tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- D I Zeugolis
- Tissue Modulation Laboratory, National University of Singapore Tissue Engineering Programme, National University of Singapore, 117510, Singapore.
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479
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Electro-spinning of pure collagen nano-fibres – Just an expensive way to make gelatin? Biomaterials 2008; 29:2293-305. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 469] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2007] [Accepted: 02/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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480
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Chan OCM, So KF, Chan BP. Fabrication of nano-fibrous collagen microspheres for protein delivery and effects of photochemical crosslinking on release kinetics. J Control Release 2008; 129:135-43. [PMID: 18514352 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2008.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2008] [Revised: 04/14/2008] [Accepted: 04/14/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Protein compatibility is important for protein drug delivery using microsphere-based devices. Collagen has excellent protein compatibility but has poor mechanical stability for microsphere fabrication and open meshwork for controlled release. In this study, a protein-compatible fabrication method for injectable collagen microspheres has been developed. The surface morphology, interior microstructure and protein release characteristics of collagen microspheres were investigated. Moreover, effects of photochemical crosslinking on these characteristics were also studied. Finally, the mechanisms governing the protein release and the retention of protein bioactivity were studied. Stable and injectable collagen microspheres consisting of nano-fibrous meshwork were successfully fabricated under ambient conditions in an organic solvent and crosslinking reagent-free manner. These microspheres have open meshwork and showed large initial burst and rapid release of proteins. Photochemical crosslinking significantly reduced the initial burst effect and controlled the protein release in a photosensitizer dose-dependent manner without significantly altering the mesh size. We further demonstrated that there was significantly higher protein retention within the photochemically crosslinked collagen microspheres as compared with the uncrosslinked, suggesting a secondary retention mechanism. Lastly, both surfactant treatment and photochemical crosslinking did not compromise the bioactivity of the encapsulated proteins. In summary, this study reports a novel collagen microsphere-based protein delivery system and demonstrates the possibility to use photochemical crosslinking as the secondary retention mechanism for proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- O C M Chan
- Medical Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
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481
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Tendon tissue engineering using scaffold enhancing strategies. Trends Biotechnol 2008; 26:201-9. [PMID: 18295915 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2008.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2007] [Revised: 01/06/2008] [Accepted: 01/11/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Tendon traumas or diseases are prevalent and debilitating lesions that affect the quality of life among populations worldwide. As a novel solution, tendon tissue engineering aims to address these lesions by integrating engineered, living substitutes with their native counterparts in vivo, thereby restoring the defective functions in situ. For such a purpose, competent scaffolding materials are essential. To date, three major categories of scaffolding materials have been employed: polyesters, polysaccharides, and collagen derivatives. Furthermore, with these materials as a base, a variety of specialized methodologies have been developed or adopted to enhance neo-tendogenesis. These strategies include cellular hybridization, interfacing improvement, and physical stimulation.
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482
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Lokmic Z, Mitchell GM. Engineering the Microcirculation. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2008; 14:87-103. [DOI: 10.1089/teb.2007.0299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zerina Lokmic
- Bernard O'Brien Institute of Microsurgery, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Muenster, Germany
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483
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Liu W, Merrett K, Griffith M, Fagerholm P, Dravida S, Heyne B, Scaiano JC, Watsky MA, Shinozaki N, Lagali N, Munger R, Li F. Recombinant human collagen for tissue engineered corneal substitutes. Biomaterials 2008; 29:1147-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2007.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2007] [Accepted: 11/07/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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484
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Zeugolis DI, Paul RG, Attenburrow G. Engineering extruded collagen fibers for biomedical applications. J Appl Polym Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/app.27208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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485
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Zippel R, Wilhelm L, Hoene A, Walschus U, Ueberrueck T, Schlosser M. Local tissue reaction and differentiation of the prosthesis-specific antibody response following functional implantation of vascular grafts in pigs. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2008; 85:334-42. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.30951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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486
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Stadlinger B, Pilling E, Huhle M, Mai R, Bierbaum S, Scharnweber D, Kuhlisch E, Loukota R, Eckelt U. Evaluation of osseointegration of dental implants coated with collagen, chondroitin sulphate and BMP-4: an animal study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2008; 37:54-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2007.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2005] [Revised: 04/16/2007] [Accepted: 05/10/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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487
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Choi Y, Im M, Kim C, Lee M, Noh S, Lim S, Kim S, Cho C, Kim D. Chondrogenic differentiation of human umbilical cord blood-derived multilineage progenitor cells in atelocollagen. Cytotherapy 2008; 10:165-73. [DOI: 10.1080/14653240701817002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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488
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Liu CZ, Xia ZD, Han ZW, Hulley PA, Triffitt JT, Czernuszka JT. Novel 3D collagen scaffolds fabricated by indirect printing technique for tissue engineering. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2008; 85:519-28. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.30975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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489
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Bozkurt A, Brook GA, Moellers S, Lassner F, Sellhaus B, Weis J, Woeltje M, Tank J, Beckmann C, Fuchs P, Damink LO, Schügner F, Heschel I, Pallua N. In Vitro Assessment of Axonal Growth Using Dorsal Root Ganglia Explants in a Novel Three-Dimensional Collagen Matrix. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 13:2971-9. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.2007.0116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Bozkurt
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Burn Center, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Gary A. Brook
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Neuropathology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sven Moellers
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Bernd Sellhaus
- Institute of Neuropathology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Joachim Weis
- Institute of Neuropathology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Julian Tank
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Burn Center, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christina Beckmann
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Burn Center, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Paul Fuchs
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Burn Center, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Norbert Pallua
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Burn Center, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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490
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Halloran DO, Grad S, Stoddart M, Dockery P, Alini M, Pandit AS. An injectable cross-linked scaffold for nucleus pulposus regeneration. Biomaterials 2007; 29:438-47. [PMID: 17959242 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2007.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2007] [Accepted: 10/05/2007] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Incorporation of scaffolds has long been recognized as a critical element in most tissue engineering strategies. However with regard to intervertebral disc tissue engineering, the use of a scaffold containing the principal extracellular matrix components of native disc tissue (i.e. collagen type II, aggrecan and hyaluronan) has not been investigated. In this study the behavior of bovine nucleus pulposus cells that were seeded within non-cross-linked and enzymatically cross-linked, atelocollagen type II based scaffolds containing varying concentrations of aggrecan and hyaluronan was investigated. Cross-linking atelocollagen type II based scaffolds did not cause any negative effects on cell viability or cell proliferation over the 7-day culture period. The cross-linked scaffolds retained the highest proteoglycan synthesis rate and the lowest elution of sulfated glycosaminoglycan into the surrounding medium. From confined compression testing and volume reduction measurements, it was seen that the cross-linked scaffolds provided a more stable structure for the cells compared to the non-cross-linked scaffolds. The results of this study indicate that the enzymatically cross-linked, composite collagen-hyaluronan scaffold shows the most potential for developing an injectable cell-seeded scaffold for nucleus pulposus treatment in degenerated intervertebral discs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien O Halloran
- National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
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491
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Hao W, Hu YY, Wei YY, Pang L, Lv R, Bai JP, Xiong Z, Jiang M. Collagen I gel can facilitate homogenous bone formation of adipose-derived stem cells in PLGA-beta-TCP scaffold. Cells Tissues Organs 2007; 187:89-102. [PMID: 17938566 DOI: 10.1159/000109946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/25/2007] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-based tissue engineering is thought to be a new therapy for treatment of bone defects and nonunions after trauma and tumor resection. In this study, we explore the in vitro and in vivo osteogenesis of a novel biomimetic construct fabricated by using collagen I gel to suspend rabbit adipose-derived stem cells (rASCs) into a porous poly(lactic-co-glycolic)acid-beta-tricalcium phosphate (PLGA-beta-TCP) scaffold (rASCs-COL/PLGA-beta-TCP). In vitro and in vivo studies of the rASCs-COL/PLGA-beta-TCP composite (group A) were carried out compared with the single combination of rASCs and PLGA-beta-TCP (rASCs/PLGA-beta-TCP; group B), the combination of acellular collagen I gel and PLGA-beta-TCP (COL/PLGA-beta-TCP; group C), and the PLGA-beta-TCP scaffold (group D). Composites of different groups were cultured in vitro for 2 weeks in osteogenic medium and then implanted into the autologous muscular intervals for 8 weeks. After 2 weeks of in vitro culture, alkaline phosphatase activity and extracellular matrix mineralization in group A were significantly higher than in group B (p < 0.01, n = 4). In vivo osteogenesis was evaluated by radiographic and histological analyses. The calcification level was radiographically evident in group A, whereas no apparent calcification was observed in groups B, C and D (n = 4). In group A, woven bone with a trabecular structure was formed, while in group B, only osteoid tissue was observed. Meanwhile, the bone-forming area in group A was significantly higher than in group B (p < 0.01, n = 4). No bone formation was observed in groups C or D (n = 4). In conclusion, by using collagen I gel to suspend rASCs into porous PLGA-beta-TCP scaffold, osteogenic differentiation of rASCs can be improved and homogeneous bone tissue can be successfully formed in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hao
- Institute of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital,Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, PR China
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492
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Koide T. Designed triple-helical peptides as tools for collagen biochemistry and matrix engineering. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2007; 362:1281-91. [PMID: 17581806 PMCID: PMC2440396 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2007.2115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagens, characterized by a unique triple-helical structure, are the predominant component of extracellular matrices (ECMs) existing in all multicellular animals. Collagens not only maintain structural integrity of tissues and organs, but also regulate a number of biological events, including cell attachment, migration and differentiation, tissue regeneration and animal development. The specific functions of collagens are generally triggered by specific interactions of collagen-binding molecules (membrane receptors, soluble factors and other ECM components) with certain structures displayed on the collagen triple helices. Thus, synthetic triple-helical peptides that mimic the structure of native collagens have been used to investigate the individual collagen-protein interactions, as well as collagen structure and stability. The first part of this article illustrates the design of various collagen-mimetic peptides and their recent applications in matrix biology. Collagen is also acknowledged as one of the most promising biomaterials in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. However, the use of animal-derived collagens in human could put the recipients at risks of pathogen transmission or allergic reactions. Hence, the production of safe artificial collagen surrogates is currently of considerable interest. The latter part of this article reviews recent attempts to develop artificial collagens as novel biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaki Koide
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Niigata 956-8603, Japan.
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493
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Yuan Y, Shimada Y, Ichinose S, Tagami J. Effect of dentin depth on hybridization quality using different bonding tactics in vivo. J Dent 2007; 35:664-72. [PMID: 17574319 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2007.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2007] [Revised: 05/02/2007] [Accepted: 05/03/2007] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Incomplete resin infiltration and polymerization of adhesive contributed to nanoleakage formation. This study tested the null hypothesis that adoption of different bonding tactics and dentine depth will not affect hybridization quality in vivo. METHODS Class V cavities were prepared on the labial/buccal surface of monkey teeth. They were bonded by Single Bond (a two-step total-etch adhesive), Clearfil SE Bond (a two-step self-etch adhesive), or Clearfil S(3) Bond (an all-in-one self-etch adhesive). Combined nanoleakage analysis and quantitative immunolabeling evaluation were carried out in the hybrid layer formed in both cervical superficial and deep dentine. RESULTS Single Bond showed reticular and spotted nanoleakage while Clearfil SE Bond and Clearfil S(3) Bond presented only a spotted one. While Single Bond showed increased concentration of labeling of type I collagen within the deep part of the hybrid layer, two self-etch adhesives-Clearfil SE Bond and Clearfil S(3) Bond revealed a homogeneous labeling pattern, even if the latter presented a significantly increased labeling index in deep dentine. CONCLUSIONS Different bonding tactics showed different nanoleakage patterns and immunolabeling index, and was influenced by dentine depth at different levels in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yuan
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan.
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494
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Stringer B, Waddington R, Sloan A, Phillips I, Telford G, Hughes D, Craig G, Gangemi L, Brook I, Freeman C, Cao X, Gosal M, Smith S, Russell G, Foster G. Bespoke human hypertrophic chondrocytic cell lines provide the osteoinductive signals required for vascularized bone formation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 13:133-45. [PMID: 17518587 DOI: 10.1089/ten.2006.0111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Hypertrophic cartilage provides the morphological and biochemical template for orchestrating bone growth. To produce a bone-inductive material such as hypertrophic cartilage for clinical use, we have conditionally immortalized hypertrophic chondrocytic cells from human femur and expanded them in vitro through more than 145 divisions. The clonal cell lines generated by this process consistently express signals that induce both rat and human marrow cells to differentiate in vitro into osteoblastic cells. Further, implantation of the cell-free extracellular matrix from the immortalized chondrocytic cells causes vascularized bone to form in vivo in bony defects, but not in ectopic sites such as skeletal muscle. This study shows that molecular techniques can be used to generate bespoke human cell lines for bone tissue engineering. It also demonstrates that matrix material generated from human immortalized hypertrophic chondrocytic cells may provide an abundant, efficacious, and safer alternative to bone autograft--the currently preferred material for fracture repair.
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495
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McGuigan AP, Sefton MV. Design and fabrication of sub-mm-sized modules containing encapsulated cells for modular tissue engineering. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 13:1069-78. [PMID: 17582838 DOI: 10.1089/ten.2006.0253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
We have proposed modular tissue engineering as a strategy to construct vascularized tissues containing multiple cell types. To create a modular construct, instead of seeding a preformed scaffold, cells were encapsulated within sub-mm modules, and the outer surface of these modules was covered with a layer of endothelial cells. Modules were then added to a larger structure (here by filling a tube) to form the modular construct. Through a systematic process of materials selection, collagen, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and HepG2 cells, a human hepatoma cell line, were identified as suitable components for module formation, at least for initial studies. A method, which involved cutting and shaping the modules within a tubular mold, was developed to fabricate sub-mm, cylindrical, collagen modules that contained viable, functioning HepG2 cells and that could be seeded with a surface layer of HUVECs. Module dimensions were reproducible and easily altered in a controlled fashion if desired. The module fabrication process developed here not only generated modules suitable for the assembly of a prototype modular construct, but also could potentially be used more generally for other applications for which the goal is to form submm-diameter cylinders from soft hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison P McGuigan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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496
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Malafaya PB, Silva GA, Reis RL. Natural-origin polymers as carriers and scaffolds for biomolecules and cell delivery in tissue engineering applications. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2007; 59:207-33. [PMID: 17482309 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2007.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 804] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2007] [Accepted: 03/28/2007] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The present paper intends to overview a wide range of natural-origin polymers with special focus on proteins and polysaccharides (the systems more inspired on the extracellular matrix) that are being used in research, or might be potentially useful as carriers systems for active biomolecules or as cell carriers with application in the tissue engineering field targeting several biological tissues. The combination of both applications into a single material has proven to be very challenging though. The paper presents also some examples of commercially available natural-origin polymers with applications in research or in clinical use in several applications. As it is recognized, this class of polymers is being widely used due to their similarities with the extracellular matrix, high chemical versatility, typically good biological performance and inherent cellular interaction and, also very significant, the cell or enzyme-controlled degradability. These biocharacteristics classify the natural-origin polymers as one of the most attractive options to be used in the tissue engineering field and drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia B Malafaya
- 3B's Research Group, Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal.
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497
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Hou LT, Liu CM, Liu BY, Chang PC, Chen MH, Ho MH, Jehng SM, Liu HC. Tissue Engineering Bone Formation in Novel Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenic Protein 2–Atelocollagen Composite Scaffolds. J Periodontol 2007; 78:335-43. [PMID: 17274724 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2007.060106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs) are important bone-induction factors, and the development of a suitable carrier for BMPs is a critical step to achieve osteoinductive function. The aims of the present study were to evaluate, at the cellular and molecular levels, the feasibility of recombinant human BMP-2 (rhBMP-2)-collagen composite scaffold and its efficiency for carrying BMP-2 in ectopic bone formation in rats. METHODS Scaffolds with (test) or without rhBMP-2 (control) were made and implanted into the calf muscle of 16 5-week-old rats. The tissue responses to the scaffolds were examined by histology. Masson's trichrome and von Kossa stainings were performed to examine collagen matrix deposition and calcification at 3, 7, 10, and 14 days. Expressions of bone phenotypic markers, alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, osteopontin, and bone sialoprotein were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS No detectable adverse responses were noted around the implanted scaffolds, and the area of the resorbed scaffold had been replaced by young connective tissue by 3 to 7 days in both groups. In the rhBMP-2 composite scaffold, collagen matrix deposition was found in the implanted site on day 7 and initial signs of endochondral differentiation also appeared. Mineralization and the expressions of key bone proteins were demonstrated in chondroblasts and osteoblasts at 7 to 14 days. Molecular cascades of bone induction were not shown in control specimens. CONCLUSION The rhBMP-2-atelocollagen scaffold showed excellent biocompatibility and possessed a bone-inducing capacity in rat within 2 weeks, and, thus, may provide a potential application in tissue engineering of bone tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lein-Tuan Hou
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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498
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Brown RA, Phillips JB. Cell responses to biomimetic protein scaffolds used in tissue repair and engineering. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CYTOLOGY 2007; 262:75-150. [PMID: 17631187 DOI: 10.1016/s0074-7696(07)62002-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Basic science research in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine aims to investigate and understand the deposition, growth, and remodeling of tissues by drawing together approaches from a range of disciplines. This review discusses approaches that use biomimetic proteins and cellular therapies, both in the development of clinical products and of model platforms for scientific investigation. Current clinical approaches to repairing skin, bone, nerve, heart valves, blood vessels, ligaments, and tendons are described and their limitations identified. Opportunities and key questions for achieving clinical goals are discussed through commonly used examples of biomimetic scaffolds: collagen, fibrin, fibronectin, and silk. The key questions addressed by three-dimensional culture models, biomimetic materials, surface chemistry, topography, and their interaction with cells in terms of durotaxis, mechano-regulation, and complex spatial cueing are reviewed to give context to future strategies for biomimetic technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert A Brown
- Tissue Regeneration & Engineering Center, Institute of Orthopedics, University College London, Stanmore Campus, London, HA7 4LP, United Kingdom
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Liu C, Xia Z, Czernuszka J. Design and Development of Three-Dimensional Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering. Chem Eng Res Des 2007. [DOI: 10.1205/cherd06196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 333] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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500
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Choi YS, Lim SM, Shin HC, Lee CW, Kim SL, Kim DI. Chondrogenesis of human periosteum-derived progenitor cells in atelocollagen. Biotechnol Lett 2006; 29:323-9. [PMID: 17120085 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-006-9240-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2006] [Revised: 10/17/2006] [Accepted: 10/17/2006] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Periosteum-derived progenitor cells (PDPCs) could be differentiated into cartilage using atelocollagen as a carrier and in the presence of transforming growth factor-beta3 (TGF-beta3). Chondrogenesis was verified by RT-PCR and Western blotting. Expression of the type II collagen mRNA was found from the differentiated PDPCs in atelocollagen 3 weeks after chondrogenic induction. The chondrogenic potential of the PDPCs was also verified by histochemical staining for type II collagen protein. Increased production of glycosaminoglycan shows that the PDPCs in atelocollagen could differentiate into chondrocytes under a chondrogenic environment. PDPCs can therefore be used as a cell source for cell-based therapies targeted toward the articular cartilage of the knee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Soo Choi
- Department of Biological Engineering, Inha University, Incheon, 402-751, Korea,
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