451
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Sandoval BA, Clayman PD, Oblinsky DG, Oh S, Nakano Y, Bird M, Scholes GD, Hyster TK. Photoenzymatic Reductions Enabled by Direct Excitation of Flavin-Dependent “Ene”-Reductases. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 143:1735-1739. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c11494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Braddock A. Sandoval
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544 United States
| | - Phillip D. Clayman
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544 United States
| | - Daniel G. Oblinsky
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544 United States
| | - Seokjoon Oh
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, United States
| | - Yuji Nakano
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544 United States
| | - Matthew Bird
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, United States
| | - Gregory D. Scholes
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544 United States
| | - Todd K. Hyster
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544 United States
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452
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Bhattacharyya A, De Sarkar S, Das A. Supramolecular Engineering and Self-Assembly Strategies in Photoredox Catalysis. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c04952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayan Bhattacharyya
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Suman De Sarkar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741246. India
| | - Anindita Das
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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453
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Chen L, Jin S, Gao J, Liu T, Shao Y, Feng J, Wang K, Lu T, Du D. N-Heterocyclic Carbene/Magnesium Cocatalyzed Radical Relay Assembly of Aliphatic Keto Nitriles. Org Lett 2020; 23:394-399. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- School of Science, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Shiyi Jin
- School of Science, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Jian Gao
- School of Science, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Tongtong Liu
- School of Science, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Yuebo Shao
- School of Science, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Jie Feng
- School of Science, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Kangyi Wang
- School of Science, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Tao Lu
- School of Science, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
| | - Ding Du
- School of Science, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China
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454
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Schmalzbauer M, Marcon M, König B. Photoangeregte Anionen in organischen Reaktionen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202009288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Schmalzbauer
- Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie Universität Regensburg Universitätsstraße 31 93053 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Michela Marcon
- Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie Universität Regensburg Universitätsstraße 31 93053 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Burkhard König
- Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie Universität Regensburg Universitätsstraße 31 93053 Regensburg Deutschland
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455
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Li H, Tang X, Pang JH, Wu X, Yeow EKL, Wu J, Chiba S. Polysulfide Anions as Visible Light Photoredox Catalysts for Aryl Cross-Couplings. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 143:481-487. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c11968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Li
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
| | - Xinxin Tang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543 Singapore
| | - Jia Hao Pang
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
| | - Xiangyang Wu
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
| | - Edwin K. L. Yeow
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543 Singapore
| | - Shunsuke Chiba
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637371 Singapore
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456
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Xia Q, Li Y, Cheng L, Liang X, Cao C, Dai P, Deng H, Zhang W, Wang Q. Electron Donor-Acceptor Complex-Initiated Photochemical Cyanation for the Preparation of α-Amino Nitriles. Org Lett 2020; 22:9638-9643. [PMID: 33285068 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An electron donor-acceptor complex-initiated α-cyanation of tertiary amines has been described. The reaction protocol provides a novel method to synthesize various α-amino nitriles under mild conditions. The reaction can proceed smoothly without the presence of photocatalysts and transition metal catalysts, and either oxidants are unnecessary or O2 is the only oxidant. The practicality of this method is showcased not only by the late-stage functionalization of natural alkaloid derivatives and pharmaceutical intermediate, but also by the applicability of a stop-flow microtubing reactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Xia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yufei Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lan Cheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xin Liang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Chenlin Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Peng Dai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hongping Deng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qingmin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Research Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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457
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Holtrop F, Jupp AR, Kooij BJ, van Leest NP, de Bruin B, Slootweg JC. Single-Electron Transfer in Frustrated Lewis Pair Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:22210-22216. [PMID: 32840947 PMCID: PMC7756365 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202009717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs) are well known for their ability to activate small molecules. Recent reports of radical formation within such systems indicate single-electron transfer (SET) could play an important role in their chemistry. Herein, we investigate radical formation upon reacting FLP systems with dihydrogen, triphenyltin hydride, or tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone (TCQ) both experimentally and computationally to determine the nature of the single-electron transfer (SET) events; that is, being direct SET to B(C6 F5 )3 or not. The reactions of H2 and Ph3 SnH with archetypal P/B FLP systems do not proceed via a radical mechanism. In contrast, reaction with TCQ proceeds via SET, which is only feasible by Lewis acid coordination to the substrate. Furthermore, SET from the Lewis base to the Lewis acid-substrate adduct may be prevalent in other reported examples of radical FLP chemistry, which provides important design principles for radical main-group chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flip Holtrop
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamPO Box 941571090 GDAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Andrew R. Jupp
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamPO Box 941571090 GDAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan J. Kooij
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamPO Box 941571090 GDAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Nicolaas P. van Leest
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamPO Box 941571090 GDAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamPO Box 941571090 GDAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - J. Chris Slootweg
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamPO Box 941571090 GDAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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458
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Cong F, Lv XY, Day CS, Martin R. Dual Catalytic Strategy for Forging sp2–sp3 and sp3–sp3 Architectures via β-Scission of Aliphatic Alcohol Derivatives. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:20594-20599. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c11172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Cong
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avenida Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, c/Marcel·lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Xin-Yang Lv
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avenida Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, c/Marcel·lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Craig S. Day
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avenida Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, c/Marcel·lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ruben Martin
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avenida Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys, 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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459
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Dong XY, Zhan TY, Jiang SP, Liu XD, Ye L, Li ZL, Gu QS, Liu XY. Copper-Catalyzed Asymmetric Coupling of Allenyl Radicals with Terminal Alkynes to Access Tetrasubstituted Allenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:2160-2164. [PMID: 33052624 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202013022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In contrast to the wealth of asymmetric transformations for generating central chirality from alkyl radicals, the enantiocontrol over the allenyl radicals for forging axial chirality represents an uncharted domain. The challenge arises from the unique elongated linear configuration of the allenyl radicals that necessitates the stereo-differentiation of remote motifs away from the radical reaction site. We herein describe a copper-catalyzed asymmetric radical 1,4-carboalkynylation of 1,3-enynes via the coupling of allenyl radicals with terminal alkynes, providing diverse synthetically challenging tetrasubstituted chiral allenes. A chiral N,N,P-ligand is crucial for both the reaction initiation and the enantiocontrol over the highly reactive allenyl radicals. The reaction features a broad substrate scope, covering a variety of (hetero)aryl and alkyl alkynes and 1,3-enynes as well as radical precursors with excellent functional group tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yang Dong
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Tian-Ya Zhan
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Sheng-Peng Jiang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Liu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Liu Ye
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zhong-Liang Li
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Qiang-Shuai Gu
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Liu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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460
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Dong X, Zhan T, Jiang S, Liu X, Ye L, Li Z, Gu Q, Liu X. Copper‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Coupling of Allenyl Radicals with Terminal Alkynes to Access Tetrasubstituted Allenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202013022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐Yang Dong
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Tian‐Ya Zhan
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Sheng‐Peng Jiang
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Xiao‐Dong Liu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Liu Ye
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Zhong‐Liang Li
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Qiang‐Shuai Gu
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies and Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China
| | - Xin‐Yuan Liu
- Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Department of Chemistry Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China
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461
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Shi W, Ma F, Li P, Wang L, Miao T. Visible-Light-Induced Decarboxylative Cyclization/Hydrogenation Cascade Reaction to Access Phenanthridin-6-yl(aryl)methanol by an Electron Donor-Acceptor Complex. J Org Chem 2020; 85:13808-13817. [PMID: 33063514 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A novel and efficient visible-light-induced decarboxylative cyclization/hydrogenation cascade reaction of α-oxocarboxylic acids and 2-isocyanobiaryls has been developed. Without the need of any external photosensitizer, oxidant, and reductant, this method offers a mild and green approach for the synthesis of diverse alcohols in moderate to good yields. A mechanism indicated that an electron donor-acceptor complex-driven decarboxylation, radical addition/cyclization, and in situ photochemical reduction of ketones to alcohols could be involved in the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Shi
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, P. R. China.,Department of Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China
| | - Fang Ma
- Department of Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China
| | - Pinhua Li
- Department of Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Advanced Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, Taizhou University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, P. R. China.,Department of Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
| | - Tao Miao
- Department of Chemistry; Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui 235000, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Shanghai 200032, P. R. China
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462
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Nagode SB, Kant R, Rastogi N. Hantzsch Ester-Mediated Synthesis of Phenanthridines under Visible-Light Irradiation. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:3513-3518. [PMID: 32935472 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
An efficient photocatalytic synthesis of phenanthridines mediated by an organo-photoredox initiator Hantzsch ester has been developed via denitrogenative intramolecular annulation of benzotriazolyl chalcones. The highly reducing photoactivated Hantzsch ester facilitates the transformation of benzotriazolyl chalcones into phenanthridinyl chalcones through photoinduced electron transfer (PET) and hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) processes. The mild reaction conditions utilizing inexpensive Hantzsch ester as photosensitizer, wide reaction scope and excellent functional group tolerance are notable attributes of the methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savita B Nagode
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sec. 10, JankipuramExtension, Sitapur Road, P.O. Box 173, Lucknow, 226031, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Ruchir Kant
- Molecular & Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sec. 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, P.O. Box 173, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Namrata Rastogi
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sec. 10, JankipuramExtension, Sitapur Road, P.O. Box 173, Lucknow, 226031, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
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463
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Kim I, Park S, Hong S. Functionalization of Pyridinium Derivatives with 1,4-Dihydropyridines Enabled by Photoinduced Charge Transfer. Org Lett 2020; 22:8730-8734. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Inwon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Seongjin Park
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Sungwoo Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, Korea
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464
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Fu MC, Wang JX, Shang R. Triphenylphosphine-Catalyzed Alkylative Iododecarboxylation with Lithium Iodide under Visible Light. Org Lett 2020; 22:8572-8577. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Chen Fu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jia-Xin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Rui Shang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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465
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Batista GMF, de Castro PP, Dos Santos HF, de Oliveira KT, Amarante GW. Electron-Donor–Acceptor Complex-Enabled Flow Methodology for the Hydrotrifluoromethylation of Unsaturated β-Keto Esters. Org Lett 2020; 22:8598-8602. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel M. F. Batista
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Campus Martelos, 36036-900 Juiz de Fora-MG, Brazil
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, Campus São Carlos, 13565-905 São Carlos-SP, Brazil
| | - Pedro P. de Castro
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Campus Martelos, 36036-900 Juiz de Fora-MG, Brazil
| | - Hélio F. Dos Santos
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Campus Martelos, 36036-900 Juiz de Fora-MG, Brazil
| | - Kleber T. de Oliveira
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, Campus São Carlos, 13565-905 São Carlos-SP, Brazil
| | - Giovanni W. Amarante
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Campus Martelos, 36036-900 Juiz de Fora-MG, Brazil
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466
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Constantin T, Juliá F, Sheikh NS, Leonori D. A case of chain propagation: α-aminoalkyl radicals as initiators for aryl radical chemistry. Chem Sci 2020; 11:12822-12828. [PMID: 34094477 PMCID: PMC8163300 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc04387g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The generation of aryl radicals from the corresponding halides by redox chemistry is generally considered a difficult task due to their highly negative reduction potentials. Here we demonstrate that α-aminoalkyl radicals can be used as both initiators and chain-carriers for the radical coupling of aryl halides with pyrrole derivatives, a transformation often employed to evaluate new highly reducing photocatalysts. This mode of reactivity obviates for the use of strong reducing species and was also competent in the formation of sp2 C-P bonds. Mechanistic studies have delineated some of the key features operating that trigger aryl radical generation and also propagate the chain process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothée Constantin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester Manchester M13 9PL UK https://leonoriresearchgroup.com
| | - Fabio Juliá
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester Manchester M13 9PL UK https://leonoriresearchgroup.com
| | - Nadeem S Sheikh
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University P. O. Box 400 Al-Ahsa 31982 Saudi Arabia
| | - Daniele Leonori
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester Manchester M13 9PL UK https://leonoriresearchgroup.com
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467
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Chilamari M, Immel JR, Bloom S. General Access to C-Centered Radicals: Combining a Bioinspired Photocatalyst with Boronic Acids in Aqueous Media. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacob R. Immel
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Steven Bloom
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
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468
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McClain EJ, Monos TM, Mori M, Beatty JW, Stephenson CRJ. Design and Implementation of a Catalytic Electron Donor–Acceptor Complex Platform for Radical Trifluoromethylation and Alkylation. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c03837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edward J. McClain
- Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Timothy M. Monos
- Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Mayuko Mori
- Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Joel W. Beatty
- Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Corey R. J. Stephenson
- Willard Henry Dow Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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469
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Chen Z, Jin W, Xia Y, Zhang Y, Xie M, Ma S, Liu C. Aminothiolation of α-Bromocinnamaldehydes to Access Imidazo[2,1-b]thiazoles by Incorporation of Two Distinct Photoinduced Processes. Org Lett 2020; 22:8261-8266. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ziren Chen
- Urumqi Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Energy Materials Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Autonomous Region, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, P.R. China
| | - Weiwei Jin
- Urumqi Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Energy Materials Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Autonomous Region, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, P.R. China
| | - Yu Xia
- Urumqi Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Energy Materials Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Autonomous Region, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, P.R. China
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Urumqi Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Energy Materials Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Autonomous Region, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, P.R. China
| | - Mengwei Xie
- Urumqi Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Energy Materials Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Autonomous Region, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, P.R. China
| | - Shangchao Ma
- Urumqi Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Energy Materials Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Autonomous Region, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, P.R. China
| | - Chenjiang Liu
- Urumqi Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Energy Materials Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Autonomous Region, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, P.R. China
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470
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Qiu D, Lian C, Mao J, Fagnoni M, Protti S. Dyedauxiliary Groups, an Emerging Approach in Organic Chemistry. The Case of Arylazo Sulfones. J Org Chem 2020; 85:12813-12822. [PMID: 32956584 PMCID: PMC8011925 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The number of research papers that report photocatalyst-free protocols is currently increasing. Among the different approaches proposed, the conversion of a strong C-X bond of a stable substrate into a photolabile reactive moiety has been recently proposed. In this Synopsis, we introduce the so-dubbed dyedauxiliary group strategy by focusing on arylazo sulfones that are bench stable and visible-light responsive derivatives of anilines that have been exploited as precursors of a wide range of intermediates, including carbon-centered radicals as well as aryl cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Qiu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, P.R. China
| | - Chang Lian
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, P.R. China
| | - Jinshan Mao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, P.R. China
| | - Maurizio Fagnoni
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, V. Le Taramelli 12, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Stefano Protti
- PhotoGreen Lab, Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, V. Le Taramelli 12, Pavia 27100, Italy
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471
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Holtrop F, Jupp AR, Kooij BJ, Leest NP, Bruin B, Slootweg JC. Single‐Electron Transfer in Frustrated Lewis Pair Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202009717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Flip Holtrop
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences University of Amsterdam PO Box 94157 1090 GD Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Andrew R. Jupp
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences University of Amsterdam PO Box 94157 1090 GD Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan J. Kooij
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences University of Amsterdam PO Box 94157 1090 GD Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Nicolaas P. Leest
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences University of Amsterdam PO Box 94157 1090 GD Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Bas Bruin
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences University of Amsterdam PO Box 94157 1090 GD Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - J. Chris Slootweg
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences University of Amsterdam PO Box 94157 1090 GD Amsterdam The Netherlands
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472
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Chen KQ, Wang ZX, Chen XY. Photochemical Decarboxylative C(sp3)–X Coupling Facilitated by Weak Interaction of N-Heterocyclic Carbene. Org Lett 2020; 22:8059-8064. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Quan Chen
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Wang
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiang-Yu Chen
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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473
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Prentice C, Morrisson J, Smith AD, Zysman-Colman E. Recent developments in enantioselective photocatalysis. Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:2363-2441. [PMID: 33082877 PMCID: PMC7537410 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Enantioselective photocatalysis has rapidly grown into a powerful tool for synthetic chemists. This review describes the various strategies for creating enantioenriched products through merging enantioselective catalysis and photocatalysis, with a focus on the most recent developments and a particular interest in the proposed mechanisms for each. With the aim of understanding the scope of each strategy, to help guide and inspire further innovation in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Callum Prentice
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, Fife, Scotland, KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - James Morrisson
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK102NA, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew D Smith
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, Fife, Scotland, KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Eli Zysman-Colman
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, Fife, Scotland, KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
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474
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Hopkinson MN, Mavroskoufis A. Photo-NHC Catalysis: Accessing Ketone Photochemistry with Carboxylic Acid Derivatives. Synlett 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1706472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AbstractExcitation of carbonyl groups is one of the most widely employed activation modes in photochemistry. Many synthetically important transformations, however, are successful only with aldehydes and ketones; substrates at the carboxylic acid oxidation level remain underrepresented. We have developed a conceptually novel strategy for enabling ‘ketone-like’ photochemistry with carboxylic acid derivatives that employs an N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) organocatalyst. Using this ‘Photo-NHC’ catalysis approach, a proof-of-concept photoenolization/Diels–Alder (PEDA) reaction between acid fluorides and trifluoroacetophenones was developed. Stoichiometric studies and TD-DFT calculations supported a mechanistic scenario in which the NHC influences the absorption wavelength and inherent photochemical reactivity of the carbonyl group during the catalytic cycle.1 Introduction2 Photo-NHC Catalysis3 Conclusions
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475
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Hwang HS, Lee S, Han SS, Moon YK, You Y, Cho EJ. Benzothiazole Synthesis: Mechanistic Investigation of an In Situ-Generated Photosensitizing Disulfide. J Org Chem 2020; 85:11835-11843. [PMID: 32822174 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The use of a visible light absorbing intermediate as a photosensitizer makes a chemical process simple and sustainable, obviating the need for the use of chemical additives. Herein, the formation of a photosensitizing disulfide in benzothiazole synthesis from 2-aminothiophenol and aldehydes was proposed and confirmed through in-depth mechanistic studies. A series of photophysical and electrochemical investigations revealed that an in situ-generated disulfide photosensitizes molecular oxygen to generate the key oxidants, singlet oxygen and superoxide anion, for the dehydrogenation step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Seong Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Sumin Lee
- Division of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Su Han
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Kyung Moon
- Division of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngmin You
- Division of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jin Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
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476
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Shu C, Madhavachary R, Noble A, Aggarwal VK. Photoinduced Fragmentation Borylation of Cyclic Alcohols and Hemiacetals. Org Lett 2020; 22:7213-7218. [PMID: 32903015 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Shu
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
| | | | - Adam Noble
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Varinder K. Aggarwal
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
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477
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Xia Q, Li Y, Wang X, Dai P, Deng H, Zhang WH. Visible Light-Driven α-Alkylation of N-Aryl tetrahydroisoquinolines Initiated by Electron Donor-Acceptor Complexes. Org Lett 2020; 22:7290-7294. [PMID: 32902295 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The visible light-driven α-alkylation of N-aryl tetrahydroisoquinolines was initiated through electron donor-acceptor complex photochemistry. The reaction can proceed smoothly without the addition of any photocatalysts, transition-metal catalysts, or additional oxidants. The proposed mechanism was supported by various mechanistic studies, and the reactive open-shell alkyl radicals were generally produced from an alkylamine and underwent radical coupling for alkylating a wide range of N-aryl tetrahydroisoquinolines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Xia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yufei Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xinmin Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Peng Dai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hongping Deng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wei-Hua Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pesticide Science, College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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478
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Clayman PD, Hyster TK. Photoenzymatic Generation of Unstabilized Alkyl Radicals: An Asymmetric Reductive Cyclization. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:15673-15677. [PMID: 32857506 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c07918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Flavin-dependent "ene"-reductases can generate stabilized alkyl radicals when irradiated with visible light; however, they are not known to form unstabilized radicals. Here, we report an enantioselective radical cyclization using alkyl iodides as precursors to unstabilized nucleophilic radicals. Evidence suggests this species is accessed by photoexcitation of a charge-transfer complex that forms between flavin and substrate within the protein active site. Stereoselective delivery of a hydrogen atom from the flavin semiquinone to the prochiral radical formed after cyclization provides high levels of enantioselectivity across a variety of substrates. Overall, this transformation demonstrates that photoenzymatic catalysis can address long-standing selectivity challenges in the radical literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip D Clayman
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Todd K Hyster
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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479
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Sheng H, Liu Q, Su XD, Lu Y, Wang ZX, Chen XY. Visible-Light-Triggered Iodinations Facilitated by Weak Electrostatic Interaction of N-Heterocyclic Carbenes. Org Lett 2020; 22:7187-7192. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c02523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- He Sheng
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiao-Di Su
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yu Lu
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Wang
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiang-Yu Chen
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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480
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Silva RC, Villela LF, Brocksom TJ, de Oliveira KT. Direct C-H photoarylation of diazines using aryldiazonium salts and visible-light. RSC Adv 2020; 10:31115-31122. [PMID: 35520669 PMCID: PMC9056432 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra06876d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, direct C–H photoarylation of pyrazine with aryldiazonium salts under visible-light irradiation (blue-LEDs) is described, and additional examples including photoarylations of pyrimidine and pyridazine are also covered. The corresponding aryl-diazines were prepared in yields up to 84% only by mixing and irradiating the reaction with no need for an additional photocatalyst. We demonstrate the efficacy of this protocol by the scope with electron-donor, -neutral, and -withdrawing groups attached at the ortho, meta, and para positions of the aryldiazonium salts; the results are better than those reported for ruthenium-complex mediated photoarylations. Additionally, we demonstrate the robustness of this methodology with a 5 mmol scaled-up experiment. Mechanistic studies were carried out giving support to the proposal of a photocatalyzed approach by an electron donor–acceptor (EDA) complex, also highlighting the crucial role that solvents play in the formation of the EDA complex. An electron donor–acceptor (EDA) approach for the direct C–H photoarylation of diazines using aryldiazonium salts and visible-light is described.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo C Silva
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos São Carlos SP 13565-905 Brazil
| | - Lucas F Villela
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos São Carlos SP 13565-905 Brazil
| | - Timothy J Brocksom
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos São Carlos SP 13565-905 Brazil
| | - Kleber T de Oliveira
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos São Carlos SP 13565-905 Brazil
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481
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Fuks E, Huber L, Schinkel T, Trapp O. Investigation of Straightforward, Photoinduced Alkylations of Electron‐Rich Heterocompounds with Electron‐Deficient Alkyl Bromides in the Sole Presence of 2,6‐Lutidine. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elina Fuks
- Department of Chemistry Ludwig Maximilian University Munich Butenandtstr. 5‐13 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Laura Huber
- Department of Chemistry Ludwig Maximilian University Munich Butenandtstr. 5‐13 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Thea Schinkel
- Department of Chemistry Ludwig Maximilian University Munich Butenandtstr. 5‐13 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Oliver Trapp
- Department of Chemistry Ludwig Maximilian University Munich Butenandtstr. 5‐13 81377 Munich Germany
- Max‐Planck‐Institute for Astronomy Königstuhl 17 69117 Heidelberg Germany
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482
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Schreier MR, Pfund B, Guo X, Wenger OS. Photo-triggered hydrogen atom transfer from an iridium hydride complex to unactivated olefins. Chem Sci 2020; 11:8582-8594. [PMID: 34123118 PMCID: PMC8163408 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc01820a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Many photoactive metal complexes can act as electron donors or acceptors upon photoexcitation, but hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) reactivity is rare. We discovered that a typical representative of a widely used class of iridium hydride complexes acts as an H-atom donor to unactivated olefins upon irradiation at 470 nm in the presence of tertiary alkyl amines as sacrificial electron and proton sources. The catalytic hydrogenation of simple olefins served as a test ground to establish this new photo-reactivity of iridium hydrides. Substrates that are very difficult to activate by photoinduced electron transfer were readily hydrogenated, and structure-reactivity relationships established with 12 different olefins are in line with typical HAT reactivity, reflecting the relative stabilities of radical intermediates formed by HAT. Radical clock, H/D isotope labeling, and transient absorption experiments provide further mechanistic insight and corroborate the interpretation of the overall reactivity in terms of photo-triggered hydrogen atom transfer (photo-HAT). The catalytically active species is identified as an Ir(ii) hydride with an IrII-H bond dissociation free energy around 44 kcal mol-1, which is formed after reductive 3MLCT excited-state quenching of the corresponding Ir(iii) hydride, i.e. the actual HAT step occurs on the ground-state potential energy surface. The photo-HAT reactivity presented here represents a conceptually novel approach to photocatalysis with metal complexes, which is fundamentally different from the many prior studies relying on photoinduced electron transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjam R Schreier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Björn Pfund
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Xingwei Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Oliver S Wenger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
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483
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Holtrop F, Jupp AR, van Leest NP, Paradiz Dominguez M, Williams RM, Brouwer AM, de Bruin B, Ehlers AW, Slootweg JC. Photoinduced and Thermal Single-Electron Transfer to Generate Radicals from Frustrated Lewis Pairs. Chemistry 2020; 26:9005-9011. [PMID: 32259331 PMCID: PMC7496419 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Archetypal phosphine/borane frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs) are famed for their ability to activate small molecules. The mechanism is generally believed to involve two-electron processes. However, the detection of radical intermediates indicates that single-electron transfer (SET) generating frustrated radical pairs could also play an important role. These highly reactive radical species typically have significantly higher energy than the FLP, which prompted this investigation into their formation. Herein, we provide evidence that the classical phosphine/borane combinations PMes3 /B(C6 F5 )3 and PtBu3 /B(C6 F5 )3 both form an electron donor-acceptor (charge-transfer) complex that undergoes visible-light-induced SET to form the corresponding highly reactive radical-ion pairs. Subsequently, we show that by tuning the properties of the Lewis acid/base pair, the energy required for SET can be reduced to become thermally accessible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flip Holtrop
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamPO Box 941571090 GDAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Andrew R. Jupp
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamPO Box 941571090 GDAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Nicolaas P. van Leest
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamPO Box 941571090 GDAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | | | - René M. Williams
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamPO Box 941571090 GDAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Albert M. Brouwer
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamPO Box 941571090 GDAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamPO Box 941571090 GDAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Andreas W. Ehlers
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamPO Box 941571090 GDAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of ChemistryScience FacultyUniversity of JohannesburgPO Box 254, Auckland ParkJohannesburgSouth Africa
| | - J. Chris Slootweg
- Van't Hoff Institute for Molecular SciencesUniversity of AmsterdamPO Box 941571090 GDAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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484
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Matsuo K, Yamaguchi E, Itoh A. In Situ-Generated Halogen-Bonding Complex Enables Atom Transfer Radical Addition (ATRA) Reactions of Olefins. J Org Chem 2020; 85:10574-10583. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Matsuo
- Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4, Daigaku-Nishi, Gifu, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Eiji Yamaguchi
- Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4, Daigaku-Nishi, Gifu, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
| | - Akichika Itoh
- Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4, Daigaku-Nishi, Gifu, Gifu 501-1196, Japan
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485
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Correia JTM, Piva da Silva G, Kisukuri CM, André E, Pires B, Carneiro PS, Paixão MW. Metal-Free Photoinduced Hydroalkylation Cascade Enabled by an Electron-Donor–Acceptor Complex. J Org Chem 2020; 85:9820-9834. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- José Tiago M. Correia
- Centre of Excellence for Research in Sustainable Chemistry (CERSusChem), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil 13565-905
| | - Gustavo Piva da Silva
- Centre of Excellence for Research in Sustainable Chemistry (CERSusChem), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil 13565-905
| | - Camila M. Kisukuri
- Centre of Excellence for Research in Sustainable Chemistry (CERSusChem), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil 13565-905
| | - Elias André
- Centre of Excellence for Research in Sustainable Chemistry (CERSusChem), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil 13565-905
| | - Bruno Pires
- Centre of Excellence for Research in Sustainable Chemistry (CERSusChem), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil 13565-905
| | - Pablo S. Carneiro
- Centre of Excellence for Research in Sustainable Chemistry (CERSusChem), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil 13565-905
| | - Márcio W. Paixão
- Centre of Excellence for Research in Sustainable Chemistry (CERSusChem), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil 13565-905
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486
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Li SL, Li M, Zhang Y, Xu HM, Zhang XM. Tri(pyridinyl)pyridine Viologen-Based Kagome Dual Coordination Polymer with Selective Chromic Response to Soft X-ray and Volatile Organic Amines. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:9047-9054. [PMID: 32558567 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The development of new responsive smart materials has been highly desirable in the recent decade due to growing demand in our daily life, and extended viologen-based coordination polymers are regarded as proper and promising candidates for stimuli-responsive study. A tri(pyridinyl)pyridine viologen-based Kagome dual (kgd) topological coordination polymer, [Mn3Cl4(tpptb)2]·Cl2·(H2O)2, (tpptb = N,N',N″-tri(3-carboxybenzyl)-2,4,6-tri(pyridinium-4-yl)pyridine; 1) has been solvothermally synthesized, which can selectively respond to soft X-ray Al-Kα (λ = 8.357 Å) irradiation but not to UV light and hard X-rays of λ < 1.5418 Å at room temperature. Appealingly, 1 is very sensitive and convenient for the visual detection of various volatile amine vapors, especially ethylamine vapors at a low concentration of 100 ppm, and the vapochromic sample can be recovered after exposure in the air at room temperature. The sequence of amines in vapochromism could be rationalized by combined consideration of vapor pressure, the molecular size, and electron-donor ability of various amine molecules as well as the void spaces of 1. In addition, 1 exhibits an obvious hydrochromic transformation upon heating in the air and an anhydrous atmosphere. Combined XPS and EPR confirmed that these physical and chemical stimuli can cause electron transfer from electron-rich groups to quaternary nitrogen atoms of the ligand to generate charge-separated radicals, leading to soft X-ray-induced photochromic and selective vapochromic behavior of 1. Such behavior indicates that it will become a convenient, recyclable, and practical multifunctional material for chemical and environmental sensing. These results provide an effective avenue for the rational design and synthesis of multifunctional chromic materials for potential use in sensing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041004, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Li
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041004, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Min Xu
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian-Ming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Material Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041004, People's Republic of China
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487
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Jung S, Shin S, Park S, Hong S. Visible-Light-Driven C4-Selective Alkylation of Pyridinium Derivatives with Alkyl Bromides. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:11370-11375. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c04499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sungwoo Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Sanghoon Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Seongjin Park
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Sungwoo Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Korea
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488
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Photoenzymatic enantioselective intermolecular radical hydroalkylation. Nature 2020; 584:69-74. [PMID: 32512577 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2406-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Enzymes are increasingly explored for use in asymmetric synthesis1-3, but their applications are generally limited by the reactions available to naturally occurring enzymes. Recently, interest in photocatalysis4 has spurred the discovery of novel reactivity from known enzymes5. However, so far photoinduced enzymatic catalysis6 has not been used for the cross-coupling of two molecules. For example, the intermolecular coupling of alkenes with α-halo carbonyl compounds through a visible-light-induced radical hydroalkylation, which could provide access to important γ-chiral carbonyl compounds, has not yet been achieved by enzymes. The major challenges are the inherent poor photoreactivity of enzymes and the difficulty in achieving stereochemical control of the remote prochiral radical intermediate7. Here we report a visible-light-induced intermolecular radical hydroalkylation of terminal alkenes that does not occur naturally, catalysed by an 'ene' reductase using readily available α-halo carbonyl compounds as reactants. This method provides an efficient approach to the synthesis of various carbonyl compounds bearing a γ-stereocentre with excellent yields and enantioselectivities (up to 99 per cent yield with 99 per cent enantiomeric excess), which otherwise are difficult to access using chemocatalysis. Mechanistic studies suggest that the formation of the complex of the substrates (α-halo carbonyl compounds) and the 'ene' reductase triggers the enantioselective photoinduced radical reaction. Our work further expands the reactivity repertoire of biocatalytic, synthetically useful asymmetric transformations by the merger of photocatalysis and enzyme catalysis.
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489
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Amos SGE, Garreau M, Buzzetti L, Waser J. Photocatalysis with organic dyes: facile access to reactive intermediates for synthesis. Beilstein J Org Chem 2020; 16:1163-1187. [PMID: 32550931 PMCID: PMC7277890 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.16.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic dyes have emerged as a reliable class of photoredox catalysts. Their great structural variety combined with the easy fine-tuning of their electronic properties has unlocked new possibilities for the generation of reactive intermediates. In this review, we provide an overview of the available approaches to access reactive intermediates that employ organophotocatalysis. Our contribution is not a comprehensive description of the work in the area but rather focuses on key concepts, accompanied by a few selected illustrative examples. The review is organized along the type of reactive intermediates formed in the reaction, including C(sp3) and C(sp 2 ) carbon-, nitrogen-, oxygen-, and sulfur-centered radicals, open-shell charged species, and sensitized organic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie G E Amos
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL, SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 4306 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marion Garreau
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL, SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 4306 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Luca Buzzetti
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL, SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 4306 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jerome Waser
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL, SB ISIC LCSO, BCH 4306 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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490
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Hong BC. Enantioselective synthesis enabled by visible light photocatalysis. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:4298-4353. [PMID: 32458948 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob00759e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Enantioselective photoreaction has been a synthetic challenge for decades. With the continuous development of modern visible light photocatalysis and asymmetric catalysis, remarkable advances have been achieved through the synergistic action of these catalytic reactions, allowing the construction of various enantiomerically enriched molecules that were once inaccessible using photocatalytic reactions. This review presents some of the contemporary developments in enantioselective visible-light photocatalysis reactions, covering the period from 2008 to March 2020, with the contents classified by catalysis type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bor-Cherng Hong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi, 621, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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491
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Aguilar Troyano FJ, Merkens K, Gómez‐Suárez A. Selectfluor® Radical Dication (TEDA
2+.
) – A Versatile Species in Modern Synthetic Organic Chemistry. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kay Merkens
- Organic ChemistryBergische Universität Wuppertal Gaußstr. 20 42119 Wuppertal Germany
| | - Adrián Gómez‐Suárez
- Organic ChemistryBergische Universität Wuppertal Gaußstr. 20 42119 Wuppertal Germany
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492
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Rigotti T, Alemán J. Visible light photocatalysis – from racemic to asymmetric activation strategies. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:11169-11190. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc03738a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The most significant contributions towards enantioselective photocatalysis have been described with a special emphasis on the various activation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Rigotti
- Organic Chemistry Department
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
- 28049 Madrid
- Spain
| | - José Alemán
- Organic Chemistry Department
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
- 28049 Madrid
- Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem)
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