551
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Cao ZH, Shan GR, Fevotte G, Sheibat-Othman N, Bourgeat-Lami E. Miniemulsion Copolymerization of Styrene and γ-Methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane: Kinetics and Mechanism. Macromolecules 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/ma800326x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Z. H. Cao
- Chimie, Catalyse, Polymères, Procédés, C2P2/LCPP-UMR 5265 CNRS/CPE/UCBL, Bât. 308F, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918-69616 Villeurbanne, France; State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, Zhejiang, China; LAGEP, CNRS/CPE/UCBL, Bât 308G, 43 Bd 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne, France; and Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint Etienne, 138 cours Fauriel, 42000 Saint Etienne, France
| | - G. R. Shan
- Chimie, Catalyse, Polymères, Procédés, C2P2/LCPP-UMR 5265 CNRS/CPE/UCBL, Bât. 308F, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918-69616 Villeurbanne, France; State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, Zhejiang, China; LAGEP, CNRS/CPE/UCBL, Bât 308G, 43 Bd 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne, France; and Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint Etienne, 138 cours Fauriel, 42000 Saint Etienne, France
| | - G. Fevotte
- Chimie, Catalyse, Polymères, Procédés, C2P2/LCPP-UMR 5265 CNRS/CPE/UCBL, Bât. 308F, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918-69616 Villeurbanne, France; State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, Zhejiang, China; LAGEP, CNRS/CPE/UCBL, Bât 308G, 43 Bd 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne, France; and Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint Etienne, 138 cours Fauriel, 42000 Saint Etienne, France
| | - N. Sheibat-Othman
- Chimie, Catalyse, Polymères, Procédés, C2P2/LCPP-UMR 5265 CNRS/CPE/UCBL, Bât. 308F, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918-69616 Villeurbanne, France; State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, Zhejiang, China; LAGEP, CNRS/CPE/UCBL, Bât 308G, 43 Bd 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne, France; and Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint Etienne, 138 cours Fauriel, 42000 Saint Etienne, France
| | - E. Bourgeat-Lami
- Chimie, Catalyse, Polymères, Procédés, C2P2/LCPP-UMR 5265 CNRS/CPE/UCBL, Bât. 308F, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918-69616 Villeurbanne, France; State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, Zhejiang, China; LAGEP, CNRS/CPE/UCBL, Bât 308G, 43 Bd 11 Novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne, France; and Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint Etienne, 138 cours Fauriel, 42000 Saint Etienne, France
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552
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El-Jaby U, Cunningham M, Enright T, McKenna TFL. Polymerisable Miniemulsions Using Rotor-Stator Homogenisers. MACROMOL REACT ENG 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/mren.200800007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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553
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Pohn J, Buragina C, Georges MK, Keoshkerian B, Cunningham MF. Stable Free Radical Polymerization in Emulsion: Modeling the Thermodynamics of Monomer Transfer between Droplets and Particles. MACROMOL THEOR SIMUL 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/mats.200700060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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554
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Zhang J, Han B, Zhang C, Li W, Feng X. Nanoemulsions Induced by Compressed Gases. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:3012-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200705362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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555
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Zhang J, Han B, Zhang C, Li W, Feng X. Nanoemulsions Induced by Compressed Gases. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200705362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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556
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Radiation miniemulsion polymerization system with HTPB or its derivative as the costabilizer. Colloid Polym Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-008-1867-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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557
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558
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Delaittre G, Charleux B. Kinetics of in-Situ Formation of Poly(acrylic acid)-b-polystyrene Amphiphilic Block Copolymers via Nitroxide-Mediated Controlled Free-Radical Emulsion Polymerization. Discussion on the Effect of Compartmentalization on the Polymerization Rate. Macromolecules 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/ma702498u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Delaittre
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMR CNRS 7610, 4, place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Bernadette Charleux
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, UMR CNRS 7610, 4, place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
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559
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Li H, Li P, Yang Y, Qi W, Sun H, Wu L. Incorporation of Polyoxometalates Into Polystyrene Latex by Supramolecular Encapsulation and Miniemulsion Polymerization. Macromol Rapid Commun 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.200700702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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560
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Bouanani F, Bendedouch D, Hemery P, Bounaceur B. Encapsulation of montmorillonite in nanoparticles by miniemulsion polymerization. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2007.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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561
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Anton N, Benoit JP, Saulnier P. Design and production of nanoparticles formulated from nano-emulsion templates-a review. J Control Release 2008; 128:185-99. [PMID: 18374443 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2008.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 657] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2007] [Accepted: 02/11/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A considerable number of nanoparticle formulation methods are based on nano-emulsion templates, which in turn are generated in various ways. It must therefore be taken into account that active principles and drugs encapsulated in nanoparticles can potentially be affected by these nano-emulsion formulation processes. Such potential differences may include drug sensitivity to temperature, high-shear devices, or even contact with organic solvents. Likewise, nano-emulsion formulation processes must be chosen in function of the selected therapeutic goals of the nano-carrier suspension and its administration route. This requires the nanoparticle formulation processes (and thus the nano-emulsion formation methods) to be more adapted to the nature of the encapsulated drugs, as well as to the chosen route of administration. Offering a comprehensive review, this paper proposes a link between nano-emulsion formulation methods and nanoparticle generation, while at the same time bearing in mind the above-mentioned parameters for active molecule encapsulation. The first part will deal with the nano-emulsion template through the different formulation methods, i.e. high energy methods on the one hand, and low-energy ones (essentially spontaneous emulsification and the phase inversion temperature (PIT) method) on the other. This will be followed by a review of the different families of nanoparticles (i.e. polymeric or lipid nanospheres and nanocapsules) highlighting the links (or potential links) between these nanoparticles and the different nano-emulsion formulation methods upon which they are based.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Anton
- Inserm U646, Ingénierie de la vectorisation particulaire, 10 rue A. Boquel, F-49100 Angers, France.
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562
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Alb AM, Reed WF. Simultaneous Monitoring of Polymer and Particle Characteristics during Emulsion Polymerization. Macromolecules 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/ma7027825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alina M. Alb
- Physics Department, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70115
| | - Wayne F. Reed
- Physics Department, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70115
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563
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Rodríguez R, Barandiaran MJ, Asua JM. Polymerization strategies to overcome limiting monomer conversion in silicone-acrylic miniemulsion polymerization. POLYMER 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2007.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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564
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Diaconu G, Paulis M, Leiza JR. High Solids Content Waterborne Acrylic/Montmorillonite Nanocomposites by Miniemulsion Polymerization. MACROMOL REACT ENG 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/mren.200700039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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565
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566
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Stoffelbach F, Griffete N, Bui C, Charleux B. Use of a simple surface-active initiator in controlled/living free-radical miniemulsion polymerization under AGET and ARGET ATRP conditions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:4807-9. [DOI: 10.1039/b809163c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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567
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Saygı-Arslan Ö, Sudol ED, Daniels ES, El-Aasser MS, Klein A. In situsurfactant generation as a means of miniemulsification? J Appl Polym Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/app.28966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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568
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569
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Baharvand H. Preparation and characterization of fluorescent polymer magnetic particles. J Appl Polym Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/app.28328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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570
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Jahanzad F, Chauhan G, Mustafa S, Saha B, Sajjadi S, Brooks BW. Composite Polymer Nanoparticles via Transitional Phase Inversion Emulsification and Polymerisation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.200751317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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571
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572
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González I, Paulis M, de la Cal JC, Asua JM. (Mini)emulsion Polymerization: Effect of the Segregation Degree on Polymer Architecture. MACROMOL REACT ENG 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/mren.200700031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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573
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Nicolas J, Ruzette AV, Farcet C, Gérard P, Magnet S, Charleux B. Nanostructured latex particles synthesized by nitroxide-mediated controlled/living free-radical polymerization in emulsion. POLYMER 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2007.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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574
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575
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Bardajee GR, Vancaeyzeele C, Haley JC, Li AY, Winnik MA. Synthesis, characterization, and energy transfer studies of dye-labeled poly(butyl methacrylate) latex particles prepared by miniemulsion polymerization. POLYMER 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2007.07.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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576
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Water-soluble SG1-based alkoxyamines: A breakthrough in controlled/living free-radical polymerization in aqueous dispersed media. POLYMER 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2007.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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577
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Jahanzad F, Karatas E, Saha B, Brooks BW. Hybrid polymer particles by miniemulsion polymerisation. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2007.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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578
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579
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Nanoencapsulation via interfacially confined reversible addition fragmentation transfer (RAFT) miniemulsion polymerization. POLYMER 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2007.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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580
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Miniemulsion polymerization of styrene costabilized with polyurethane via 60Co γ-ray radiation initiation. Colloid Polym Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-007-1659-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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581
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Holtze C, Tauer K. Surviving Radicals: Promises of a Microwave Effect on Miniemulsion Polymerization for Technical Processes. Macromol Rapid Commun 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.200600714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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582
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Joumaa N, Toussay P, Lansalot M, Elaissari A. Surface modification of iron oxide nanoparticles by a phosphate-based macromonomer and further encapsulation into submicrometer polystyrene particles by miniemulsion polymerization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.22383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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583
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Manea M, Chemtob A, Paulis M, de la Cal JC, Barandiaran MJ, Asua JM. Miniemulsification in high-pressure homogenizers. AIChE J 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.11367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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584
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Luo YD, Dai CA, Chiu WY. Polystyrene/Fe3O4 composite latex via miniemulsion polymerization-nucleation mechanism and morphology. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.22444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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585
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Klapper M, Clark Jr CG, Müllen K. Application-directed syntheses of surface-functionalized organic and inorganic nanoparticles. POLYM INT 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.2301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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586
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Jeng J, Dai CA, Chiu WY, Young PY. Effect of cationic surfactant on homogenization and polymerization of methyl methacrylate miniemulsion modified by chitosan. POLYM INT 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.2199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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587
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Cao N, Wang X, Song L, Zhang ZC. Nanopore microspheres prepared by a cationic surfmer in the miniemulsion polymerization of styrene. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.22330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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588
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Suzuki N, Morishima Y, Arimori S, Endo T. Preparation of Polystyrene Nanoparticles by Seed Polymerization Using Amphiphilic Random Copolymer Micelles as Seeds. Polym J 2006. [DOI: 10.1295/polymj.pj2006076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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589
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McLeary JB, Klumperman B. RAFT mediated polymerisation in heterogeneous media. SOFT MATTER 2006; 2:45-53. [PMID: 32646092 DOI: 10.1039/b513575c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) mediated polymerisation is one of a number of living radical polymerisation processes that were developed over the last decade. The RAFT process is facilitating the synthesis of controlled macromolecular architectures radical polymerisation in homogeneous and heterogeneous media. Here we discuss the progress in the use of the RAFT process, the past, the state of the art and potential directions for the future with specific emphasis on heterogeneous reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J B McLeary
- UNESCO Centre for Macromolecules and Materials, Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa
| | - B Klumperman
- UNESCO Centre for Macromolecules and Materials, Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa and Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
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590
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Moraes RP, Santos AM, Oliveira PC, Souza FCT, do Amaral M, Valera TS, Demarquette NR. Poly(styrene-co-butyl acrylate)-Brazilian Montmorillonite Nanocomposites, Synthesis of Hybrid Latexes via Miniemulsion Polymerization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.200651314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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591
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592
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Acrylamide as cosurfactant and hydrotrope in the pseudoternary Span 80-Tween 85/isopar M/water emulsion/microemulsion forming system. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2006.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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593
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Synthesis and characterization of poly(ethyl methacrylate-co-methacrylic acid) magnetic particles via miniemulsion polymerization. POLYMER 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2006.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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594
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Ando K, Kawaguchi H. High-performance fluorescent particles prepared via miniemulsion polymerization. J Colloid Interface Sci 2006; 285:619-26. [PMID: 15837479 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2004.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2004] [Accepted: 12/01/2004] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Highly fluorescent polymer particles were prepared with Eu beta-diketonates complex as a fluorophore by miniemulsion polymerization technique. Eu beta-diketonates complex has a long decay time, a large Stokes shift, and very narrow emission bands in comparison with other organic fluorescent compounds. Aqueous miniemulsion was prepared by mixing monomer, crosslinker, hydrophobe, and Eu beta-diketonates complex and then putting the mixture into an aqueous solution of surfactant, followed by ultrasonication. An aqueous solution of initiator was added to the miniemulsion to obtain fluorescent polymer particles, which were monodispersed without aggregation. Particle size was decreased to deca-nano scale by increasing the amount of surfactant. Fluorescent intensity was increased by using Eu beta-complex coordinated with additional ligand. Further fluorescence quantum yields and fluorescent properties in the presence of DNA were investigated to the confirm superiority of Eu beta-diketonates complexes in polymer particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Ando
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
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595
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Luo Y, Xu H, Zhu B. The influence of monomer types on the colloidal stability in the miniemulsion copolymerization involving alkoxysilane monomer. POLYMER 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2006.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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596
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Ramirez JC, Herrera-Ordonez J, Gonzalez VA. Kinetics of styrene minisuspension polymerization using a mixture PVA–SDS as stabilizer. POLYMER 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2006.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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597
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598
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Ouzineb K, Lord C, Lesauze N, Graillat C, Tanguy PA, McKenna T. Homogenisation devices for the production of miniemulsions. Chem Eng Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2005.10.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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599
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Mecking S, Monteil V, Huber J, Kolb L, Wehrmann P. Synthesis of Very Small Polymer Particles by Catalytic Polymerization in Aqueous Systems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.200690044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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600
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Qiu G, Wang Q, Wang C, Lau W, Guo Y. Ultrasonically initiated miniemulsion polymerization of styrene in the presence of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. POLYM INT 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.1937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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