551
|
Broggini G, Beccalli EM, Fasana A, Gazzola S. Palladium-catalyzed dual C-H or N-H functionalization of unfunctionalized indole derivatives with alkenes and arenes. Beilstein J Org Chem 2012; 8:1730-46. [PMID: 23209507 PMCID: PMC3511007 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.8.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2012] [Accepted: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This review highlights the development of palladium-catalyzed C-H and N-H functionalization reactions involving indole derivatives. These procedures require unactivated starting materials and are respectful of the basic principle of sustainable chemistry tied to atom economy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gianluigi Broggini
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia, Università dell’Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - Egle M Beccalli
- DISFARM, Sezione di Chimica Generale e Organica “A. Marchesini” Università di Milano Via Venezian 21, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Fasana
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia, Università dell’Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - Silvia Gazzola
- Dipartimento di Scienza e Alta Tecnologia, Università dell’Insubria, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
552
|
Wu XF, Neumann H, Beller M. Synthesis of Heterocycles via Palladium-Catalyzed Carbonylations. Chem Rev 2012; 113:1-35. [DOI: 10.1021/cr300100s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 961] [Impact Index Per Article: 80.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Feng Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang
Sci-Tech University, Xiasha Campus, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, P.
R. China 310018
- Leibniz-Institut
für
Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse
29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Helfried Neumann
- Leibniz-Institut
für
Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse
29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Matthias Beller
- Leibniz-Institut
für
Katalyse e.V. an der Universität Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse
29a, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
553
|
Aggarwal T, Jha RR, Tiwari RK, Kumar S, Kotla SKR, Kumar S, Verma AK. Palladium-Catalyzed Regioselective [3 + 2] Annulation of Internal Alkynes and Iodo-pyranoquinolines with Concomitant Ring Opening. Org Lett 2012; 14:5184-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol3022935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Trapti Aggarwal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India, and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Rajeev R. Jha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India, and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Rakesh K. Tiwari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India, and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Sonu Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India, and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Siva K. Reddy Kotla
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India, and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Sushil Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India, and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Akhilesh K. Verma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India, and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| |
Collapse
|
554
|
Gao D, Back TG. Indole Synthesis by Conjugate Addition of Anilines to Activated Acetylenes and an Unusual Ligand-Free Copper(II)-Mediated Intramolecular Cross-Coupling. Chemistry 2012; 18:14828-40. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201202307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
|
555
|
Maity S, Zheng N. A visible-light-mediated oxidative C-N bond formation/aromatization cascade: photocatalytic preparation of N-arylindoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:9562-6. [PMID: 22915489 PMCID: PMC3522995 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201205137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Indoles: A joint effort of light and air We have developed a mild aerobic oxidation protocol using visible light photocatalysis to synthesize structurally diverse N -arylindoles. The procedure employs 4 mol% [Ru(bpz)3](PF6)2, 18W LED light, and is performed open to the atmosphere. Readily prepared o -stryryl anilines are converted to a variety of indoles via a cascade sequence composed of oxidation of anilines, C-N bond formation, and aromatization. A 1,2-carbon shift can be also incorporated into this cascade event to further extend the substrate scope of the method. bpz = 2, 2′-Bipyrazine
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soumitra Maity
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 (USA), Fax: (+) 479-575-4601
| | - Nan Zheng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 (USA), Fax: (+) 479-575-4601
| |
Collapse
|
556
|
Ding Z, Yoshikai N. C2-Alkylation of N-pyrimidylindole with vinylsilane via cobalt-catalyzed C-H bond activation. Beilstein J Org Chem 2012; 8:1536-42. [PMID: 23019489 PMCID: PMC3458779 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.8.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2012] [Accepted: 07/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Direct C2-alkylation of an indole bearing a readily removable N-pyrimidyl group with a vinylsilane was achieved by using a cobalt catalyst generated in situ from CoBr(2), bathocuproine, and cyclohexylmagnesium bromide. The reaction allows coupling between a series of N-pyrimidylindoles and vinylsilanes at a mild reaction temperature of 60 °C, affording the corresponding alkylated indoles in moderate to good yields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Ding
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | | |
Collapse
|
557
|
Yang Q, Wang L, Guo T, Yu Z. FeCl3·6H2O-Catalyzed Alkenylation of Indoles with Aldehydes. J Org Chem 2012; 77:8355-61. [DOI: 10.1021/jo301416s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Yang
- Dalian Institute of
Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Liandi Wang
- Dalian Institute of
Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Tenglong Guo
- Dalian Institute of
Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Zhengkun Yu
- Dalian Institute of
Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry,
Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| |
Collapse
|
558
|
Verma AK, Jha RR, Chaudhary R, Tiwari RK, Reddy KSK, Danodia A. Copper-Catalyzed Tandem Synthesis of Indolo-, Pyrrolo[2,1-a]isoquinolines, Naphthyridines and Bisindolo/Pyrrolo[2,1-a]isoquinolines via Hydroamination of ortho-Haloarylalkynes Followed by C-2 Arylation. J Org Chem 2012; 77:8191-205. [DOI: 10.1021/jo301572p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Akhilesh K. Verma
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Rajeev R. Jha
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Ritu Chaudhary
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Rakesh K. Tiwari
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
- Department of Biomedical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, United States
| | - Kotla Siva K. Reddy
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Abhinandan Danodia
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| |
Collapse
|
559
|
Cera G, Piscitelli S, Chiarucci M, Fabrizi G, Goggiamani A, Ramón RS, Nolan SP, Bandini M. One-Pot Gold-Catalyzed Synthesis of Azepino[1,2-a]indoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201205463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
560
|
Cera G, Piscitelli S, Chiarucci M, Fabrizi G, Goggiamani A, Ramón RS, Nolan SP, Bandini M. One-Pot Gold-Catalyzed Synthesis of Azepino[1,2-a]indoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:9891-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201205463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
561
|
Maity S, Zheng N. A Visible-Light-Mediated Oxidative CN Bond Formation/Aromatization Cascade: Photocatalytic Preparation of N-Arylindoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201205137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
562
|
Li S, Ma S. Quadri‐Synergetic Effect for Highly Effective Carbon Dioxide Fixation and Its Application to Indoloquinolinone. Adv Synth Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201200469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suhua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China, Fax: (+86)‐21‐6260‐9305
| | - Shengming Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China, Fax: (+86)‐21‐6260‐9305
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Process, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Lu, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
563
|
Liu B, Hong X, Yan D, Xu S, Huang X, Xu B. Palladium-Catalyzed Tandem Allenyl and Aryl C–N Bond Formation: Efficient Access to N-Functionalized Multisubstituted Indoles. Org Lett 2012; 14:4398-401. [DOI: 10.1021/ol3018775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bingxin Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China, and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Xiaohu Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China, and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Dong Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China, and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Shuguang Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China, and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Xiaomei Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China, and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China, and State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China, and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| |
Collapse
|
564
|
Suresh RR, Swamy KCK. Palladium-Catalyzed Annulation of Allenes with Indole-2-carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Synthesis of Indolo[2,3-c]pyrane-1-ones via Ar–I Reactivity or C–H Functionalization. J Org Chem 2012; 77:6959-69. [DOI: 10.1021/jo301149s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Rama Suresh
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, A. P., India
| | - K. C. Kumara Swamy
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, A. P., India
| |
Collapse
|
565
|
Nanjo T, Tsukano C, Takemoto Y. Palladium-Catalyzed Cascade Process Consisting of Isocyanide Insertion and Benzylic C(sp3)–H Activation: Concise Synthesis of Indole Derivatives. Org Lett 2012; 14:4270-3. [PMID: 22849720 DOI: 10.1021/ol302035j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Nanjo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Chihiro Tsukano
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshiji Takemoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
566
|
Lang R, Shi L, Li D, Xia C, Li F. A general method for palladium-catalyzed direct carbonylation of indole with alcohol and phenol. Org Lett 2012; 14:4130-3. [PMID: 22839509 DOI: 10.1021/ol3017726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A novel strategy involving a first oxidative iodination and subsequent Pd(0)-catalyzed carbonylation to yield indole-3-carboxylate has been developed. It showed perfect generality to indole, alcohol, and phenol. The current methodology could also be conveniently applied to the synthesis of biologically active tropisetron from simple indole and tropine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Lang
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
567
|
Karchava AV, Melkonyan FS, Yurovskaya MA. New strategies for the synthesis of N-alkylated indoles (Review). Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-012-1006-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
568
|
|
569
|
Nojman E, Latos-Grażyński L, Szterenberg L. Fused Arene Ring Construction Around Pyrrole To Form 4,7-Disubstitued Indole. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201200644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
570
|
Joshi M, Patel M, Tiwari R, Verma AK. Base-Mediated Selective Synthesis of Diversely Substituted N-Heterocyclic Enamines and Enaminones by the Hydroamination of Alkynes. J Org Chem 2012; 77:5633-45. [DOI: 10.1021/jo300782n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Megha Joshi
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Monika Patel
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Rakesh Tiwari
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
- Department of Biomedical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Akhilesh K. Verma
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| |
Collapse
|
571
|
Ji X, Huang H, Li Y, Chen H, Jiang H. Palladium-Catalyzed Sequential Formation of CC Bonds: Efficient Assembly of 2-Substituted and 2,3-Disubstituted Quinolines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201202412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
572
|
Ji X, Huang H, Li Y, Chen H, Jiang H. Palladium-catalyzed sequential formation of C-C bonds: efficient assembly of 2-substituted and 2,3-disubstituted quinolines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:7292-6. [PMID: 22696502 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201202412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2012] [Revised: 05/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A series of substituted quinolines was prepared from arylamines, aldehydes, and terminal olefins (see scheme). The palladium-catalyzed sequential formation of C-C bonds proceeds smoothly with both electron-deficient and electron-rich olefins. When acrylic acid is used as terminal olefin, decarboxylation occurs to provide 2-substituted quinolines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Ji
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
573
|
García Ruano JL, Alemán J, Marzo L, Alvarado C, Tortosa M, Díaz‐Tendero S, Fraile A. Expanding the Scope of Arylsulfonylacetylenes as Alkynylating Reagents and Mechanistic Insights in the Formation of Csp
2
Csp and Csp
3
Csp Bonds from Organolithiums. Chemistry 2012; 18:8414-22. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201200939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- José Luis García Ruano
- Departamento de Química Orgánica (Módulo 1), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Fax: (+) 3491497466
| | - José Alemán
- Departamento de Química Orgánica (Módulo 1), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Fax: (+) 3491497466
| | - Leyre Marzo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica (Módulo 1), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Fax: (+) 3491497466
| | - Cuauhtémoc Alvarado
- Departamento de Química Orgánica (Módulo 1), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Fax: (+) 3491497466
| | - Mariola Tortosa
- Departamento de Química Orgánica (Módulo 1), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Fax: (+) 3491497466
| | - Sergio Díaz‐Tendero
- Departamento de Química (Módulo 13), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049‐Madrid (Spain)
| | - Alberto Fraile
- Departamento de Química Orgánica (Módulo 1), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Fax: (+) 3491497466
| |
Collapse
|
574
|
Karkhelikar MV, Racharlawar SS, Salian SM, Sridhar B, Likhar PR. Heck-type coupling of intramolecularly-generated thiopalladacycles with alkenes: One pot syntheses of 3-alkenylbenzo[b]thiophenes. J Organomet Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2012.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
|
575
|
Wei Y, Deb I, Yoshikai N. Palladium-catalyzed aerobic oxidative cyclization of N-aryl imines: indole synthesis from anilines and ketones. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:9098-101. [PMID: 22612535 DOI: 10.1021/ja3030824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 291] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
We report here an operationally simple, palladium-catalyzed cyclization reaction of N-aryl imines, affording indoles via the oxidative linkage of two C-H bonds under mild conditions using molecular oxygen as the sole oxidant. The process allows quick and atom-economical assembly of indole rings from inexpensive and readily available anilines and ketones and tolerates a broad range of functional groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Wei
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
576
|
Huang L, Wang Q, Liu X, Jiang H. Switch of Selectivity in the Synthesis of α-Methylene-γ-Lactones: Palladium-Catalyzed Intermolecular Carboesterification of Alkenes with Alkynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201109141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
577
|
Huang L, Wang Q, Liu X, Jiang H. Switch of Selectivity in the Synthesis of α-Methylene-γ-Lactones: Palladium-Catalyzed Intermolecular Carboesterification of Alkenes with Alkynes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:5696-700. [PMID: 22529054 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201109141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2011] [Revised: 03/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liangbin Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
578
|
Yao B, Wang Q, Zhu J. Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Intramolecular Diamination of Alkynes under Aerobic Oxidative Conditions: Catalytic Turnover of an Iodide Ion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:5170-4. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201201640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
579
|
Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Intramolecular Diamination of Alkynes under Aerobic Oxidative Conditions: Catalytic Turnover of an Iodide Ion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201201640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
580
|
Ding Z, Yoshikai N. Mild and Efficient C2-Alkenylation of Indoles with Alkynes Catalyzed by a Cobalt Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:4698-701. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201200019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2012] [Revised: 03/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
581
|
Ding Z, Yoshikai N. Mild and Efficient C2-Alkenylation of Indoles with Alkynes Catalyzed by a Cobalt Complex. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201200019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
582
|
Leskinen MV, Yip KT, Valkonen A, Pihko PM. Palladium-Catalyzed Dehydrogenative β′-Functionalization of β-Keto Esters with Indoles at Room Temperature. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:5750-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ja300684r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mikko V. Leskinen
- Department
of Chemistry and NanoScience Center, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014 JYU,
Finland
| | - Kai-Tai Yip
- Department
of Chemistry and NanoScience Center, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014 JYU,
Finland
| | - Arto Valkonen
- Department
of Chemistry and NanoScience Center, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014 JYU,
Finland
| | - Petri M. Pihko
- Department
of Chemistry and NanoScience Center, University of Jyväskylä, FI-40014 JYU,
Finland
| |
Collapse
|
583
|
Liu W, Lim HJ, RajanBabu TV. Asymmetric hydrovinylation of vinylindoles. A facile route to cyclopenta[g]indole natural products (+)-cis-trikentrin A and (+)-cis-trikentrin B. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:5496-9. [PMID: 22394308 DOI: 10.1021/ja3004733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Vinylindoles undergo Ni(II)-catalyzed asymmetric hydrovinylation under very mild conditions (-78 °C, 1 atm ethylene, 4 mol % catalyst) to give the corresponding 2-but-3-enyl derivatives in excellent yields and enantioselectivities. Hydroboration of the alkene and oxidation to an acid, followed by Friedel-Crafts annulation, gives an indole-annulated cyclopentanone that is a suitable precursor for the syntheses of cis-trikentrins and all known herbindoles. For example, the cyclopentanone from 4-ethyl-7-vinylindole is converted into (+)-cis-trikentin A in four steps (Wittig reaction, alkene isomerization, diastereoselective hydrogenation, and nitrogen deprotection). The previous synthesis of this molecule from (S)-(-)-malic acid involved more than 20 steps and a preparative HPLC separation of diastereomeric intermediates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
584
|
Yin B, Cai C, Zeng G, Zhang R, Li X, Jiang H. A Novel Entry to Functionalized Benzofurans and Indoles via Palladium(0)-Catalyzed Arylative Dearomatization of Furans. Org Lett 2012; 14:1098-101. [DOI: 10.1021/ol300008d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Biaolin Yin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China
| | - Congbi Cai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China
| | - Guohui Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China
| | - Ruoqi Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China
| | - Xiang Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China
| |
Collapse
|
585
|
Ackermann L, Lygin AV. Cationic Ruthenium(II) Catalysts for Oxidative C–H/N–H Bond Functionalizations of Anilines with Removable Directing Group: Synthesis of Indoles in Water. Org Lett 2012; 14:764-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ol203309y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 321] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Alexander V. Lygin
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
586
|
Wu QF, Zheng C, You SL. Enantioselective Synthesis of Spiro Cyclopentane-1,3′-indoles and 2,3,4,9-Tetrahydro-1H-carbazoles by Iridium-Catalyzed Allylic Dearomatization and Stereospecific Migration. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201107677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
587
|
Wu QF, Zheng C, You SL. Enantioselective synthesis of spiro cyclopentane-1,3'-indoles and 2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-carbazoles by iridium-catalyzed allylic dearomatization and stereospecific migration. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:1680-3. [PMID: 22223488 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201107677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Feng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai 200032, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
588
|
Xing Q, Shi L, Lang R, Xia C, Li F. Palladium-catalyzed mono- and double-carbonylation of indoles with amines controllably leading to amides and α-ketoamides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:11023-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc36341k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
589
|
Peng J, Liu L, Hu Z, Huang J, Zhu Q. Direct carboxamidation of indoles by palladium-catalyzed C–H activation and isocyanide insertion. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:3772-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc30351e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
|
590
|
Lavery CB, McDonald R, Stradiotto M. Efficient palladium-catalyzed synthesis of substituted indoles employing a new (silanyloxyphenyl)phosphine ligand. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:7277-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc33071g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
591
|
Hu Z, Liang D, Zhao J, Huang J, Zhu Q. Palladium-catalyzed cyclization of o-alkynyltrifluoroacetanilides followed by isocyanide insertion: synthesis of 2-substituted 1H-indole-3-carboxamides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:7371-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc33435f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
592
|
Zhang B, Wee AGH. Conformational, steric and electronic effects on the site- and chemoselectivity of the metal-catalyzed reaction of N-bis(trimethylsilyl)methyl, N-(2-indolyl)methyl α-diazoamides. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:4597-608. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob25103e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
593
|
Li Z, Gao HX. Theoretical study on the mechanism of Ag-catalyzed synthesis of 3-alkylideneoxindoles from N-aryl-α-diazoamides: a Lewis acid or Ag-carbene pathway? Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:6294-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob25581b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
594
|
Cacchi S, Fabrizi G, Goggiamani A, Iazzetti A. Dibenzo[a,c]carbazoles from 2-(2-bromoaryl)-3-arylindoles via a palladium-catalyzed intramolecular C–H functionalization/C–C bond formation process. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:9142-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ob26741a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
595
|
Xia D, Wang Y, Du Z, Zheng QY, Wang C. Rhenium-Catalyzed Regiodivergent Addition of Indoles to Terminal Alkynes. Org Lett 2011; 14:588-91. [DOI: 10.1021/ol203199m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dexin Xia
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, and College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yin Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, and College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zhenting Du
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, and College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Qi-Yu Zheng
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, and College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Congyang Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China, and College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| |
Collapse
|
596
|
Abstract
A general method for regioselective C3-benzylation of indoles has been developed. Various 3-substituted indoles and benzyl methyl carbonates with different electronic properties react under mild conditions to afford a diverse range of 3-benzylindolenine products in good yields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
597
|
Rixson JE, Chaloner T, Heath CH, Tietze LF, Stewart SG. The Development of Domino Reactions Incorporating the Heck Reaction: The Formation of N-Heterocycles. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201101305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
598
|
Yao C, Wang D, Lu J, Qin B, Zhang H, Li T, Yu C. NHC triggered cascade metal-free synthesis of 2,3-diarylated indoles under solvent-free conditions. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
599
|
Li H, Zhu Z, Zhang F, Xie S, Li H, Li P, Zhou X. Palladium Nanoparticles Confined in the Cages of MIL-101: An Efficient Catalyst for the One-Pot Indole Synthesis in Water. ACS Catal 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/cs200351p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, P.R. China
| | - Zhonghong Zhu
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, P.R. China
| | - Fang Zhang
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, P.R. China
| | - Songhai Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Hexing Li
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, P.R. China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P.R. China
| | - Xinggui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
600
|
Prakash A, Dibakar M, Selvakumar K, Ruckmani K, Sivakumar M. Efficient indoles and anilines syntheses employing tert-butyl sulfinamide as ammonia surrogate. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.08.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|