601
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Niwa T, Shimabara H, Danjo K. Novel Spray Freeze-Drying Technique Using Four-Fluid Nozzle-Development of Organic Solvent System to Expand Its Application to Poorly Water Soluble Drugs. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2010; 58:195-200. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.58.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Niwa
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University
| | - Hiroko Shimabara
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University
| | - Kazumi Danjo
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University
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602
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Vonhoff S, Condliffe J, Schiffter H. Implementation of an FTIR calibration curve for fast and objective determination of changes in protein secondary structure during formulation development. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2010; 51:39-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2009.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2009] [Revised: 07/22/2009] [Accepted: 07/27/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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603
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Grant Y, Matejtschuk P, Dalby PA. Rapid optimization of protein freeze-drying formulations using ultra scale-down and factorial design of experiment in microplates. Biotechnol Bioeng 2009; 104:957-64. [PMID: 19530082 DOI: 10.1002/bit.22448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Retaining biopharmaceutical proteins in a stable form is critical to their safety and efficacy, and is a major factor for optimizing the final product. Freeze-dried formulations offer one route for improved stability. Currently the optimization of formulations for freeze-drying is an empirical process that requires many time-consuming experiments and also uses large quantities of product material. Here we describe a generic framework for the rapid identification and optimization of formulation excipients to prevent loss of protein activity during a lyophilization process. Using factorial design of experiment (DOE) methods combined with lyophilization in microplates a range of optimum formulations were rapidly identified that stabilized lactose dehydrogenase (derived from Lactobacillus leichmanii) during freeze-drying. The procedure outlined herein involves two rounds of factorially designed experiments-an initial screen to identify key excipients and potential interactions followed by a central composite face designed optimization experiment. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and lactose were shown to have significant effects on maintaining protein stability at the screening stage and optimization resulted in an accurate model that was used to plot a window of operation. The variation of freezing temperatures and rates of sublimation that occur across a microplate during freeze-drying have been characterized also. The optimum formulation was then freeze-dried in stoppered vials to verify that the microscale data was relevant to the effects observed at larger pilot scales. This work provides a generic approach to biopharmaceutical formulation screening where possible excipients can be screened for single and interactive effects thereby increasing throughput while reducing costs in terms of time and materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitzchak Grant
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, The Advanced Centre for Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK
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604
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Adami R, Osséo LS, Reverchon E. Micronization of lysozyme by supercritical assisted atomization. Biotechnol Bioeng 2009; 104:1162-70. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.22470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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605
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Shire SJ. Formulation and manufacturability of biologics. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2009; 20:708-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2009.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2009] [Accepted: 10/12/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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606
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Censi R, Vermonden T, van Steenbergen M, Deschout H, Braeckmans K, De Smedt S, van Nostrum C, di Martino P, Hennink W. Photopolymerized thermosensitive hydrogels for tailorable diffusion-controlled protein delivery. J Control Release 2009; 140:230-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2009.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2009] [Revised: 05/20/2009] [Accepted: 06/08/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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607
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Ou CC, Hsiao YM, Wang WH, Ko JL, Lin MY. Stability of fungal immunomodulatory protein, FIP-gtsand FIP-fve, in IFN-γ production. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/09540100903247688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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608
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Niwa T, Shimabara H, Kondo M, Danjo K. Design of porous microparticles with single-micron size by novel spray freeze-drying technique using four-fluid nozzle. Int J Pharm 2009; 382:88-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2009.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2009] [Revised: 07/31/2009] [Accepted: 08/10/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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609
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Nascimento C, Leandro J, Lino PR, Ramos L, Almeida AJ, de Almeida IT, Leandro P. Polyol additives modulate the in vitro stability and activity of recombinant human phenylalanine hydroxylase. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2009; 162:192-207. [PMID: 19937396 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-009-8862-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2009] [Accepted: 11/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Phenylketonuria (PKU; OMIM 261600), the most common disorder of amino acid metabolism, is caused by a deficient activity of human phenylalanine hydroxylase (hPAH). Although the dietetic treatment has proven to be effective in preventing the psycho-motor impairment, much effort has been made to develop new therapeutic approaches. Enzyme replacement therapy with hPAH could be regarded as a potential form of PKU treatment if the reported in vitro hPAH instability could be overcome. In this study, we investigated the effect of different polyol compounds, e.g. glycerol, mannitol and PEG-6000 on the in vitro stability of purified hPAH produced in a heterologous prokaryotic expression system. The recombinant human enzyme was stored in the presence of the studied stabilizing agents at different temperatures (4 and -20 degrees C) during a 1-month period. Protein content, degradation products, specific activity, oligomeric profile and conformational characteristics were assessed during storage. The obtained results showed that the use of 50% glycerol or 10% mannitol, at -20 degrees C, protected the enzyme from loss of its enzymatic activity. The determined DeltaG(0) and quenching parameters indicate the occurrence of conformational changes, which may be responsible for the observed increase in catalytic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia Nascimento
- Metabolism and Genetics Group, iMed.UL, Faculdade Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
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610
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Andrianov AK, DeCollibus DP, Gillis HA, Kha HH, Marin A, Prausnitz MR, Babiuk LA, Townsend H, Mutwiri G. Poly[di(carboxylatophenoxy)phosphazene] is a potent adjuvant for intradermal immunization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2009; 106:18936-41. [PMID: 19864632 PMCID: PMC2770009 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0908842106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Intradermal immunization using microfabricated needles represents a potentially powerful technology, which can enhance immune responses and provide antigen sparing. Solid vaccine formulations, which can be coated onto microneedle patches suitable for simple administration, can also potentially offer improved shelf-life. However the approach is not fully compatible with many vaccine adjuvants including alum, the most common adjuvant used in the vaccine market globally. Here, we introduce a polyphosphazene immuno adjuvant as a biologically potent and synergistic constituent of microneedle-based intradermal immunization technology. Poly[di(carboxylatophenoxy)phosphazene], PCPP, functions both as a vaccine adjuvant and as a key microfabrication material. When used as part of an intradermal delivery system for hepatitis B surface antigen, PCPP demonstrates superior activity in pigs compared to intramascular administration and significant antigen sparing potential. It also accelerates the microneedle fabrication process and reduces its dependence on the use of surfactants. In this way, PCPP-coated microneedles may enable effective intradermal vaccination from an adjuvanted patch delivery system.
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611
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HU XIAOZHONG, CHENG YONGQIANG, FAN JUNFENG, LU ZHANHUI, YAMAKI KOHJI, LI LITE. EFFECTS OF DRYING METHOD ON PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF SOY PROTEIN ISOLATES. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4549.2008.00357.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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612
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Imamura K, Ohyama KI, Yokoyama T, Maruyama Y, Kazuhiro N. Temperature scanning FTIR analysis of secondary structures of proteins embedded in amorphous sugar matrix. J Pharm Sci 2009; 98:3088-98. [PMID: 19009599 DOI: 10.1002/jps.21568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Heat-induced changes in secondary structures of five proteins (bovine serum albumin, BSA; human serum albumin, HSA; myoglobin; ribonuclease A, RNase A; and, beta-lactoglobulin, beta-Lg) in an amorphous sugar matrix were analyzed by temperature-scanning Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to elucidate the mechanism of heat-induced conformational change of solid-phase proteins. Three sugars, trehalose, maltose, and dextran (MW 6000), were used. Loss of alpha-helices due to increasing temperature was observed for BSA, HSA, and myoglobin, which are rich in alpha-helices. RNase A showed a marked decrease in predominant secondary structural components (beta-sheet) with increasing temperature. However, no noticeable changes in the content of secondary structures, except for a slight loss of alpha-helices, were observed for beta-Lg, which is also beta-sheet-rich. These heat-induced conformational changes were significant at temperatures above the glass transition temperature. The heat-induced conformational change in BSA dried with sugar appeared time-independent and was clearly different from that due to dehydration and from the thermal conformational change for a solution of BSA. In particular, differences in secondary structural components that increased due to loss of alpha-helices were noted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koreyoshi Imamura
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
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613
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Schneid SC, Gieseler H, Kessler WJ, Pikal MJ. Non-invasive product temperature determination during primary drying using tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy. J Pharm Sci 2009; 98:3406-18. [PMID: 18781643 DOI: 10.1002/jps.21522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this work was to demonstrate the application of Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy (TDLAS) as a non-invasive method to determine the average product temperature of the batch during primary drying. The TDLAS sensor continuously measures the water vapor concentration and the vapor flow velocity in the spool connecting the freeze-dryer chamber and condenser. Vapor concentration and velocity data were then used to determine the average sublimation rate (g/s) which was subsequently integrated to evaluate the amount of water removed from the product. Position dependent vial heat transfer coefficients (K(v)) were evaluated using the TDLAS sensor data for 20 mL vials during sublimation tests with pure water. TDLAS K(v) data showed good agreement to K(v) data obtained by the traditional gravimetric procedure. K(v) for edge vials was found to be about 20-30% higher than that of center vials. A weighted K(v) was then used to predict a representative average product temperature from TDLAS data in partial and full load freeze drying runs with 5%, 7.5%, or 10% (w/w) sucrose, mannitol, and glycine solutions. TDLAS product temperatures for all freeze-drying runs were within 1-2 degrees C of "center vial" steady state thermocouple data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan C Schneid
- Division of Pharmaceutics, University of Erlangen, Cauerstrasse 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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614
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Panuszko A, Bruździak P, Zielkiewicz J, Wyrzykowski D, Stangret J. Effects of Urea and Trimethylamine-N-oxide on the Properties of Water and the Secondary Structure of Hen Egg White Lysozyme. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:14797-809. [DOI: 10.1021/jp904001m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Panuszko
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Chemical Faculty, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland, and Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Sobieskiego 18, 80-952 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Piotr Bruździak
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Chemical Faculty, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland, and Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Sobieskiego 18, 80-952 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jan Zielkiewicz
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Chemical Faculty, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland, and Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Sobieskiego 18, 80-952 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Dariusz Wyrzykowski
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Chemical Faculty, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland, and Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Sobieskiego 18, 80-952 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Janusz Stangret
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Chemical Faculty, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland, and Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Sobieskiego 18, 80-952 Gdańsk, Poland
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615
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Tang J, Yao Y, Ying H, Xiong J, Zhang L, Li Z, Bai J, Zhang Y, Ouyang P. Effect of NH4+ and glycerol on cytidine 5'-diphosphocholine synthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2009; 100:4848-4853. [PMID: 19467861 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2008] [Revised: 04/13/2009] [Accepted: 04/22/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Both stimulation of ammonium ion on the glycolytic flux and regulation by glycerol of enzymes in Kennedy pathway for cytidine diphosphate choline production in S. cerevisiae were studied. The conventional transformation course featured four stages. Firstly, CMP and choline chloride were phosphorylated and CDP-choline was formed rapidly; secondly, the rate of CDP-choline formation declined and CMP was not detected in the mixture; thirdly, CMP was released and the CDP-choline concentration reached a peak; Fourthly, the compound concentrations did not practically changes eventually. Using the central composite design, the concentration, yield, and utilization efficiency of energy reached 24.7 mmol/L, 82.3% and 10.6%, with 30 mmol/L of ammonium ion and 1% (V/V) of glycerol, respectively. Ammonium ion not only strengthened the glycolytic pathway, but also coordinated the reaction rate between the glycolytic pathway and the Kennedy pathway. Glycerol alleviated the activity decrease of the key enzymes in the mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiapeng Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, No. 5 Xin Mo Fan Road, Nanjing, PR China
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616
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Meister E, Gieseler H. Freeze-Dry Microscopy of Protein/Sugar Mixtures: Drying Behavior, Interpretation of Collapse Temperatures and a Comparison to Corresponding Glass Transition Data. J Pharm Sci 2009; 98:3072-87. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.21586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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617
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Chang L(L, Pikal MJ. Mechanisms of protein stabilization in the solid state. J Pharm Sci 2009; 98:2886-908. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.21825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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618
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Maltesen; MJ, Bjerregaard S, Hovgaard L, Havelund S, Van De Weert M. Analysis of Insulin Allostery in Solution and Solid State With FTIR. J Pharm Sci 2009; 98:3265-77. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.21736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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619
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Wang B, Tchessalov S, Warne NW, Pikal MJ. Impact of sucrose level on storage stability of proteins in freeze-dried solids: I. correlation of protein–sugar interaction with native structure preservation. J Pharm Sci 2009; 98:3131-44. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.21621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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620
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Badraghi J, Moosavi-Movahedi AA, Saboury AA, Yousefi R, Sharifzadeh A, Hong J, Haertlé T, Niasari-Naslaji A, Sheibani N. Dual behavior of sodium dodecyl sulfate as enhancer or suppressor of insulin aggregation and chaperone-like activity of camel alphaS(1)-casein. Int J Biol Macromol 2009; 45:511-7. [PMID: 19723533 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2009.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2009] [Revised: 08/23/2009] [Accepted: 08/25/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) at low concentrations considerably enhanced insulin aggregation and reduced the chaperone-like activity of purified camel alphaS(1)-casein (alphaS(1)-CN). These observed changes were the result of repulsive electrostatic interactions between both negative charged head groups of SDS and alphaS(1)-CN, and the net negative charge of insulin molecules, resulting in the greater exposure of hydrophobic patches of insulin and its enhanced aggregation. In contrast, enhanced hydrophobic interactions were primarily responsible for the conformational changes observed in insulin and alphaS(1)-CN at high SDS concentrations, resulting in increased binding of SDS and alphaS(1)-CN to insulin and its reduced aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalil Badraghi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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621
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Povey JF, Perez-Moral N, Noel TR, Parker R, Howard MJ, Smales CM. Investigating variables and mechanisms that influence protein integrity in low water content amorphous carbohydrate matrices. Biotechnol Prog 2009; 25:1217-27. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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622
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Jorgensen L, Hostrup S, Moeller EH, Grohganz H. Recent trends in stabilising peptides and proteins in pharmaceutical formulation – considerations in the choice of excipients. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2009; 6:1219-30. [DOI: 10.1517/17425240903199143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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623
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Meyer JD, Nayar R, Manning MC. Impact of bulking agents on the stability of a lyophilized monoclonal antibody. Eur J Pharm Sci 2009; 38:29-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2009.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2009] [Revised: 04/09/2009] [Accepted: 05/16/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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624
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Badraghi J, Yousefi R, Saboury AA, Sharifzadeh A, Haertlé T, Ahmad F, Moosavi-Movahedi AA. Effect of salts and sodium dodecyl sulfate on chaperone activity of camel αS1-CN: Insulin as the target protein. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2009; 71:300-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2009.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2008] [Revised: 03/11/2009] [Accepted: 03/11/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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625
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Bachand GD, Hess H, Ratna B, Satir P, Vogel V. "Smart dust" biosensors powered by biomolecular motors. LAB ON A CHIP 2009; 9:1661-1666. [PMID: 19495446 DOI: 10.1039/b821055a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The concept of a microfabricated biosensor for environmental and biomedical monitoring applications which is composed of environmentally benign components is presented. With a built-in power source (the biological fuel ATP) and driven by biological motors (kinesin), sensing in the microdevice can be remotely activated and the presence of a target molecule or toxin remotely detected. The multifaceted progress towards the realization of such a device is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- George D Bachand
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA
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626
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Maity H, Karkaria C, Davagnino J. Mapping of solution components, pH changes, protein stability and the elimination of protein precipitation during freeze-thawing of fibroblast growth factor 20. Int J Pharm 2009; 378:122-35. [PMID: 19505546 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2009.05.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2009] [Revised: 05/26/2009] [Accepted: 05/27/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study discusses the effect of key factors like containers, buffers and the freeze (controlled vs. flash freezing) and thawing processes on the stability of a therapeutic protein fibroblast growth factor 20 (FGF-20). The freezing profiles monitored by 15 temperature probes located at different regions in a 2-L bottle during freezing can be grouped into three categories. A rapid drop in temperature was observed at the bottom followed by the top and middle center of the bottle. The freeze-thawing behavior in a 50 ml tube is considerably uniform, as expected. Among phosphate, HEPES (4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazine ethanesulfonic acid), citrate and histidine (each containing 0.5 M arginine-sulfate) buffer systems, a minimum pH change (0.4 pH unit vs. approximately 1.7 pH unit) was observed for the phosphate buffer system. Thawing in a 50 ml tube at room temperature standing resulted in a significant phase separation in citrate, histidine and HEPES buffers; however, phase separation was least in the phosphate buffer system. These phase separations were found to be temperature dependent. No effect of Polysorbate 80 on freeze-thawing of FGF-20 was observed. Significant concentration gradients in major buffer components and protein concentration were observed during freeze-thawing in a 2-L bottle. The segregation patterns of the various components were similar with the top and bottom layers containing lowest and highest concentrations, respectively. In the formulation buffer no pH gradient was formed, and the precipitation of FGF-20 during thawing at the top layer was related to an insufficient amount of arginine-sulfate and the precipitation at the bottom layer was due to a salting out effect. The precipitate generated during thawing goes into solution easily upon mixing whole solution of the bottle and the various gradient formations do not cause any irreversible change in structure, stability and isoform distribution of FGF-20. Comparison of slow freezing and flash freezing data suggests that the gradients in excipient and protein concentrations are mainly formed during thawing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haripada Maity
- Biopharmaceutical Process Sciences, CuraGen Corporation, 322 East Main Street, Branford, CT 06405, USA.
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627
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Akacha NB, Karboune S, Gargouri M, Kermasha S. Activation and Stabilization of The Hydroperoxide Lyase Enzymatic Extract from Mint Leaves (Mentha spicata) Using Selected Chemical Additives. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2009; 160:901-11. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-009-8625-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2008] [Accepted: 03/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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628
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Ben Thabet I, Besbes S, Attia H, Deroanne C, Francis F, Drira NE, Blecker C. Physicochemical Characteristics of Date Sap “Lagmi” from Deglet Nour Palm (Phoenix DactyliferaL.). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/10942910801993528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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629
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Comparative stability study of lyophilised aluminium hydroxide adjuvanted vaccine formulations containing a monoclonal antibody as a model antigen and methods used for their characterisation. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2009.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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630
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Natan D, Nagler A, Arav A. Freeze-drying of mononuclear cells derived from umbilical cord blood followed by colony formation. PLoS One 2009; 4:e5240. [PMID: 19381290 PMCID: PMC2667668 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0005240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2008] [Accepted: 02/10/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We recently showed that freeze-dried cells stored for 3 years at room temperature can direct embryonic development following cloning. However, viability, as evaluated by membrane integrity of the cells after freeze-drying, was very low; and it was mainly the DNA integrity that was preserved. In the present study, we improved the cells' viability and functionality after freeze-drying. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We optimized the conditions of directional freezing, i.e. interface velocity and cell concentration, and we added the antioxidant EGCG to the freezing solution. The study was performed on mononuclear cells (MNCs) derived from human umbilical cord blood. After freeze-drying, we tested the viability, number of CD34(+)-presenting cells and ability of the rehydrated hematopoietic stem cells to differentiate into different blood cells in culture. The viability of the MNCs after freeze-drying and rehydration with pure water was 88%-91%. The total number of CD34(+)-presenting cells and the number of colonies did not change significantly when evaluated before freezing, after freeze-thawing, and after freeze-drying (5.4 x 10(4)+/-4.7, 3.49 x 10(4)+/-6 and 6.31 x 10(4)+/-12.27 cells, respectively, and 31+/-25.15, 47+/-45.8 and 23.44+/-13.3 colonies, respectively). CONCLUSIONS This is the first report of nucleated cells which have been dried and then rehydrated with double-distilled water remaining viable, and of hematopoietic stem cells retaining their ability to differentiate into different blood cells.
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631
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Malsam J, Aksan A. Hydrogen Bonding and Kinetic/Thermodynamic Transitions of Aqueous Trehalose Solutions at Cryogenic Temperatures. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:6792-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp8099434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jason Malsam
- Biostabilization Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - Alptekin Aksan
- Biostabilization Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
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632
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Weiss WF, Young TM, Roberts CJ. Principles, approaches, and challenges for predicting protein aggregation rates and shelf life. J Pharm Sci 2009; 98:1246-77. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.21521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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633
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Abstract
In recent decades, protein-based therapeutics have substantially expanded the field of molecular pharmacology due to their outstanding potential for the treatment of disease. Unfortunately, protein pharmaceuticals display a series of intrinsic physical and chemical instability problems during their production, purification, storage, and delivery that can adversely impact their final therapeutic efficacies. This has prompted an intense search for generalized strategies to engineer the long-term stability of proteins during their pharmaceutical employment. Due to the well known effect that glycans have in increasing the overall stability of glycoproteins, rational manipulation of the glycosylation parameters through glycoengineering could become a promising approach to improve both the in vitro and in vivo stability of protein pharmaceuticals. The intent of this review is therefore to further the field of protein glycoengineering by increasing the general understanding of the mechanisms by which glycosylation improves the molecular stability of protein pharmaceuticals. This is achieved by presenting a survey of the different instabilities displayed by protein pharmaceuticals, by addressing which of these instabilities can be improved by glycosylation, and by discussing the possible mechanisms by which glycans induce these stabilization effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo J Solá
- Laboratory for Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, Facundo Bueso Bldg., Lab-215, PO Box 23346, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00931-3346
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634
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Yong Z, Yingjie D, Xueli W, Jinghua X, Zhengqiang L. Conformational and bioactivity analysis of insulin: Freeze-drying TBA/water co-solvent system in the presence of surfactant and sugar. Int J Pharm 2009; 371:71-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2008.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2008] [Revised: 12/09/2008] [Accepted: 12/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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635
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Zhou DH, Shah G, Mullen C, Sandoz D, Rienstra CM. Proton-detected solid-state NMR spectroscopy of natural-abundance peptide and protein pharmaceuticals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:1253-6. [PMID: 19130513 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200801029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The natural way: A sensitive NMR spectroscopic method is developed to obtain well-resolved two-dimensional spectra ((15)N-(1)H and (13)C-(1)H) for natural-abundance (that is, without the need for isotopic enrichment) large-molecule samples, such as biopharmaceuticals. This method gives structural insights on two lyophilized aprotinin samples and three insulin samples in lyophilized, microcrystalline suspension formulation (red; see picture) and fibril (green) forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghua H Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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636
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Demeule B, Palais C, Machaidze G, Gurny R, Arvinte T. New methods allowing the detection of protein aggregates: a case study on trastuzumab. MAbs 2009; 1:142-50. [PMID: 20061815 DOI: 10.4161/mabs.1.2.7632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aggregation compromises the safety and efficacy of therapeutic proteins. According to the manufacturer, the therapeutic immunoglobulin trastuzumab (Herceptin) should be diluted in 0.9% sodium chloride before administration. Dilution in 5% dextrose solutions is prohibited. The reason for the interdiction is not mentioned in the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) documentation, but the European Medicines Agency (EMEA) Summary of Product Characteristics states that dilution of trastuzumab in dextrose solutions results in protein aggregation. In this paper, asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation (FFF), fluorescence spectroscopy, fluorescence microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) have been used to characterize trastuzumab samples diluted in 0.9% sodium chloride, a stable infusion solution, as well as in 5% dextrose (a solution prone to aggregation). When trastuzumab samples were injected in the FFF channel using a standard separation method, no difference could be seen between trastuzumab diluted in sodium chloride and trastuzumab diluted in dextrose. However, during FFF measurements made with appropriate protocols, aggregates were detected in 5% dextrose. The parameters enabling the detection of reversible trastuzumab aggregates are described. Aggregates could also be documented by fluorescence microscopy and TEM. Fluorescence spectroscopy data were indicative of conformational changes consistent with increased aggregation and adsorption to surfaces. The analytical methods presented in this study were able to detect and characterize trastuzumab aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barthélemy Demeule
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland
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637
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Zhou D, Shah G, Mullen C, Sandoz D, Rienstra C. Proton-Detected Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy of Natural-Abundance Peptide and Protein Pharmaceuticals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200801029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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638
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Kondo M, Niwa T, Okamoto H, Danjo K. Particle Characterization of Poorly Water-Soluble Drugs Using a Spray Freeze Drying Technique. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2009; 57:657-62. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.57.657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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639
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Lang R, Winter G, Vogt L, Zürcher A, Dorigo B, Schimmele B. Rational Design of a Stable, Freeze-Dried Virus-Like Particle-Based Vaccine Formulation. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2009; 35:83-97. [DOI: 10.1080/03639040802192806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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640
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In situ precipitation and vacuum drying of interferon alpha-2a: Development of a single-step process for obtaining dry, stable protein formulation. Int J Pharm 2009; 366:88-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2008.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2008] [Revised: 09/01/2008] [Accepted: 09/02/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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641
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Lombardo TG, Giovambattista N, Debenedetti PG. Structural and mechanical properties of glassy water in nanoscale confinement. Faraday Discuss 2009; 141:359-76; discussion 443-65. [DOI: 10.1039/b805361h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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642
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Rodríguez-Martínez JA, Solá RJ, Castillo B, Cintrón-Colón HR, Rivera-Rivera I, Barletta G, Griebenow K. Stabilization of alpha-chymotrypsin upon PEGylation correlates with reduced structural dynamics. Biotechnol Bioeng 2008; 101:1142-9. [PMID: 18781698 DOI: 10.1002/bit.22014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Protein stability remains one of the main factors limiting the realization of the full potential of protein therapeutics. Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) conjugation to proteins has evolved into an important tool to overcome instability issues associated with proteins. The observed increase in thermodynamic stability of several proteins upon PEGylation has been hypothesized to arise from reduced protein structural dynamics, although experimental evidence for this hypothesis is currently missing. To test this hypothesis, the model protein alpha-chymotrypsin (alpha-CT) was covalently modified with PEGs with molecular weights (M(W)) of 700, 2,000 and 5,000 and the degree of modification was systematically varied. The procedure did not cause significant tertiary structure changes. Thermodynamic unfolding experiments revealed that PEGylation increased the thermal transition temperature (T(m)) of alpha-CT by up to 6 degrees C and the free energy of unfolding [DeltaG(U) (25 degrees C)] by up to 5 kcal/mol. The increase in stability was found to be independent of the PEG M(W) and it leveled off after an average of four PEG molecules were bound to alpha-CT. Fourier-transformed infrared (FTIR) H/D exchange experiments were conducted to characterize the conformational dynamics of the PEG-conjugates. It was found that the magnitude of thermodynamic stabilization correlates with a reduction in protein structural dynamics and was independent of the PEG M(W). Thus, the initial hypothesis proved positive. Similar to the thermodynamic stabilization of proteins by covalent modification with glycans, PEG thermodynamically stabilizes alpha-CT by reducing protein structural dynamics. These results provide guidance for the future development of stable protein formulations.
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643
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Wu F, Jin T. Polymer-based sustained-release dosage forms for protein drugs, challenges, and recent advances. AAPS PharmSciTech 2008; 9:1218-29. [PMID: 19085110 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-008-9148-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2007] [Accepted: 09/04/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
While the concept of using polymer-based sustained-release delivery systems to maintain therapeutic concentration of protein drugs for extended periods of time has been well accepted for decades, there has not been a single product in this category successfully commercialized to date despite clinical and market demands. To achieve successful systems, technical difficulties ranging from protein denaturing during formulation process and the course of prolonged in vivo release, burst release, and incomplete release, to low encapsulation efficiency and formulation complexity have to be simultaneously resolved. Based on this updated understanding, formulation strategies attempting to address these aspects comprehensively were reported in recent years. This review article (with 134 citations) aims to summarize recent studies addressing the issues above, especially those targeting practical industrial solutions. Formulation strategies representative of three areas, microsphere technology using degradable hydrophobic polymers, microspheres made of water soluble polymers, and hydrophilic in vivo gelling systems will be selected and introduced. To better understand the observations and conclusions from different studies for different systems and proteins, physicochemical basis of the technical challenges and the pros and cons of the corresponding formulation methods will be discussed.
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644
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Wilschut J, de Jonge J, Huckriede A, Amorij JP, Hinrichs WLJ, Frijlink HW. Preservation of Influenza Virosome Structure and Function During Freeze-Drying and Storage. J Liposome Res 2008; 17:173-82. [DOI: 10.1080/08982100701536883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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645
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Gieseler H, Lee G. Effect of Freeze-Dryer Design on Drying Rate of an Amorphous Protein-Formulation Determined with a Gravimetric Technique. Pharm Dev Technol 2008; 13:463-72. [DOI: 10.1080/10837450802309638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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646
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Packhaeuser CB, Lahnstein K, Sitterberg J, Schmehl T, Gessler T, Bakowsky U, Seeger W, Kissel T. Stabilization of Aerosolizable Nano-carriers by Freeze-Drying. Pharm Res 2008; 26:129-38. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-008-9714-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2008] [Accepted: 08/19/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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647
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Liu J. Physical Characterization of Pharmaceutical Formulations in Frozen and Freeze-Dried Solid States: Techniques and Applications in Freeze-Drying Development. Pharm Dev Technol 2008; 11:3-28. [PMID: 16544906 DOI: 10.1080/10837450500463729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Physical characterization of formulations in frozen and freeze-dried solid states provides indispensable information for rational development of freeze-dried pharmaceutical products. This article provides an overview of the physical characteristics of formulations in frozen and freeze-dried solid states, which are essential to both formulation and process development. Along with a brief description of techniques often used in physical characterization for freeze-drying development, applications of and recent improvements to these techniques are discussed. While most of these techniques are used conventionally in physical characterization of pharmaceuticals, some techniques were designed or modified specifically for studies in freeze-drying. These include freeze-drying microscopy, freeze-drying X-ray powder diffractometry and cryoenvironmental scanning microscopy, which can be used to characterize the physical properties of the formulation under conditions similar to the real vial lyophilization process. Novel applications of some conventional techniques, such as microcalorimetry and near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, which facilitated freeze-drying development, receive special attention. Research and developmental needs in the area of physical characterization for freeze-drying are also addressed, particularly the need for a better understanding of the quantitative correlation between the molecular mobility and the storage stability (shelf life).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Liu
- DSM Pharmaceuticals Inc., 5900 NW Greenville Boulevard, Greenville, NC 27834, USA.
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648
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Abstract
The major challenges in formulation development for hydrophobic proteins are low solubility often combined with a strong tendency for adsorption. Human serum albumin (HSA) is frequently used as excipient to overcome these problems. Due to several drawbacks with HSA, new ways need to be found to circumvent the use of this excipient in protein formulations. One possible approach is to select an appropriate formulation pH and ionic strength in combination with excipients that provide sufficient stability and solubility for the hydrophobic protein. A reduction in adsorption can be achieved by adding surfactants or using special containers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Hawe
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
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649
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You Y, Ludescher RD. The effect of salts on molecular mobility in amorphous sucrose monitored by erythrosin B phosphorescence. Carbohydr Res 2008; 343:2641-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2008.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2008] [Revised: 06/03/2008] [Accepted: 06/06/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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650
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Mollmann SH, Bukrinsky JT, Elofsson U, Elversson J, Frokjaer S, Thalberg K, Millqvist-Fureby A. The Stability of Insulin in Solid Formulations Containing Melezitose and Starch. Effects of Processing and Excipients. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2008; 32:765-78. [PMID: 16885131 DOI: 10.1080/03639040600712458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Solid insulin formulations obtained by different methods of preparation were compared with respect to chemical stability and morphology. Spray- and freeze-drying, solution enhanced dispersion by supercritical fluids (SEDS) and precipitation into starch microspheres were the methods used for preparation of solid powders. The excipients applied were melezitose, starch, and sodium taurocholate. The stability of the samples was evaluated after storage in open containers at 25 degrees C and 30% RH for 6 months. All samples were amorphous after processing and storage as detected by XRD, except for the starch microspheres which were semi-crystalline. The spray- and freeze-dried samples containing melezitose and sodium taurocholate experienced a significant water uptake during storage, resulting in changes in morphology and disappearance of Tg. However, the chemical stability of these samples did not seem to be affected by the water uptake. Changes in morphology were not observed for the SEDS powders and the starch microspheres. The chemical stability of the samples was assessed by HPLC. In general, conventional spray- and freeze drying resulted in samples with higher chemical stability compared to SEDS powders and starch microspheres. Nevertheless, the excipients applied were observed to be of major importance, and further optimization of the formulation as well as processing conditions may lead to slightly different conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Mollmann
- Department of Pharmaceutics, The Danish University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark
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