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Heesen C, Bruce J, Gearing R, Moss-Morris R, Weinmann J, Hamalainen P, Motl R, Dalgas U, Kos D, Visioli F, Feys P, Solari A, Finlayson M, Eliasson L, Matthews V, Bogossian A, Liethmann K, Köpke S, Bissell P. Adherence to behavioural interventions in multiple sclerosis: Follow-up meeting report (AD@MS-2). Mult Scler J Exp Transl Clin 2015; 1:2055217315585333. [PMID: 28607693 PMCID: PMC5433389 DOI: 10.1177/2055217315585333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
After an initial meeting in 2013 that reviewed adherence to disease modifying therapy, the AD@MS group conducted a follow-up meeting in 2014 that examined adherence to behavioural interventions in MS (e.g. physical activity, diet, psychosocial interventions). Very few studies have studied adherence to behavioural interventions in MS. Outcomes beyond six months are lacking, as well as implementation work in the community. Psychological interventions need to overcome stigma and other barriers to facilitate initiation and maintenance of behaviour change. A focus group concentrated on physical activity and exercise as one major behavioural intervention domain in MS. The discussion revealed that patients are confronted with multiple challenges when attempting to regularly engage in physical activity. Highlighted needs for future research included an improved understanding of patients' and health experts' knowledge and attitudes towards physical activity as well as a need for longitudinal research that investigates exercise persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Heesen
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Clinical MS Research (inims) and Department of Neurology, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Jared Bruce
- University of Missouri - Kansas City, Department of Psychology, USA
| | | | | | - John Weinmann
- Health Psychology Section, Psychology Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, KCL, Guy's Hospital Campus London, UK
| | | | - Robert Motl
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - Ulrik Dalgas
- Department of Public Health - Sport Science, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Daphne Kos
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven and Department of Health and Social Care, AP University College Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Peter Feys
- REVAL, Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Hasselt University, Belgium
| | - Alessandra Solari
- Neuroepidemiology Unit, Foundation Neurological Institute C. Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Marcia Finlayson
- School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Lina Eliasson
- Atlantis Healthcare, Summit, USA; Centre for Haematology, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, UK
| | | | - Angeliki Bogossian
- Health Psychology Section, Psychology Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, KCL, Guy's Hospital Campus London, UK
| | - Katrin Liethmann
- Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis and Department of Neurology, UMC Hamburg Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Sascha Köpke
- Institute for Social Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Lübeck, Germany
| | - Paul Bissell
- Section of Public Health, School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), The University of Sheffield, UK
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Abstract
The question whether dietary habits and lifestyle have influence on the course of multiple sclerosis (MS) is still a matter of debate, and at present, MS therapy is not associated with any information on diet and lifestyle. Here we show that dietary factors and lifestyle may exacerbate or ameliorate MS symptoms by modulating the inflammatory status of the disease both in relapsing-remitting MS and in primary-progressive MS. This is achieved by controlling both the metabolic and inflammatory pathways in the human cell and the composition of commensal gut microbiota. What increases inflammation are hypercaloric Western-style diets, characterized by high salt, animal fat, red meat, sugar-sweetened drinks, fried food, low fiber, and lack of physical exercise. The persistence of this type of diet upregulates the metabolism of human cells toward biosynthetic pathways including those of proinflammatory molecules and also leads to a dysbiotic gut microbiota, alteration of intestinal immunity, and low-grade systemic inflammation. Conversely, exercise and low-calorie diets based on the assumption of vegetables, fruit, legumes, fish, prebiotics, and probiotics act on nuclear receptors and enzymes that upregulate oxidative metabolism, downregulate the synthesis of proinflammatory molecules, and restore or maintain a healthy symbiotic gut microbiota. Now that we know the molecular mechanisms by which dietary factors and exercise affect the inflammatory status in MS, we can expect that a nutritional intervention with anti-inflammatory food and dietary supplements can alleviate possible side effects of immune-modulatory drugs and the symptoms of chronic fatigue syndrome and thus favor patient wellness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Riccio
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
| | - Rocco Rossano
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
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Ernährung und Nahrungsergänzungsmittel bei neurologischen Erkrankungen. DER NERVENARZT 2014; 85:1501-11. [DOI: 10.1007/s00115-013-3975-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Comparison of Antioxidant Status and Vitamin D Levels between Multiple Sclerosis Patients and Healthy Matched Subjects. Mult Scler Int 2014; 2014:539854. [PMID: 24834356 PMCID: PMC4009321 DOI: 10.1155/2014/539854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Revised: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective. The aim of the present study was to compare the serum levels of total antioxidant status (TAS) and 25(OH) D3 and dietary intake of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients with those of normal subjects. Method. Thirty-seven MS patients (31 women) and the same number of healthy matched controls were compared for their serum levels and dietary intake of 25(OH) D3 and TAS. Sun exposure and the intake of antioxidants and vitamin D rich foods were estimated through face-to-face interview and food frequency questionnaire. Results. Dietary intake of antioxidants and vitamin D rich foods, vitamin C, vitamin A, and folate was not significantly different between the two groups. There were also no significant differences in the mean levels of 25(OH) D3 and TAS between the study groups. Both groups had low serum levels of 25(OH) D3 and total antioxidants. Conclusion. No significant differences were detected in serum levels and dietary intake of vitamin D and antioxidants between MS patients and healthy controls. All subjects had low antioxidant status and vitamin D levels.
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Hadgkiss EJ, Jelinek GA, Weiland TJ, Pereira NG, Marck CH, van der Meer DM. The association of diet with quality of life, disability, and relapse rate in an international sample of people with multiple sclerosis. Nutr Neurosci 2014; 18:125-36. [PMID: 24628020 PMCID: PMC4485697 DOI: 10.1179/1476830514y.0000000117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Objectives To explore the association between dietary factors including fat, fruit and vegetable intake, dairy and meat consumption, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL), disability and relapse rate in a large international sample of people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods Participants with MS were recruited to the study via Web 2.0 platforms and completed a comprehensive survey measuring demographic and clinical characteristics, HRQOL, disability, relapse rate, and the Diet Habits Questionnaire (DHQ). Results Of 2469 participants with confirmed MS, 2087 (84.5%) provided complete data on their dietary habits (DHQ total score). Multivariate regression models demonstrated that every 10-point increase on the DHQ total score was associated with nearly a six-point and five-point increase in physical and mental HRQOL, respectively, and 30.0% reduced likelihood of a higher level of disability. After controlling for age and gender, and the other dietary covariates, ‘healthy’ consumption of fruit and vegetables and dietary fat predicted better quality of life and less likelihood of higher disability when compared to respondents with a ‘poor’ diet. For those with relapsing–remitting MS, the DHQ total significantly predicted a lower relapse rate and reduced odds of increasing disease activity, but the model fit was poor and the predicted change only marginal. Discussion This study supports significant associations of healthy dietary habits with better physical and mental HRQOL and a lower level of disability. Further research is urgently required to explore these associations including randomized controlled trials of dietary modification for people with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily J Hadgkiss
- Emergency Practice Innovation Centre, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Correspondence to: Emily Hadgkiss, Emergency Practice Innovation Centre, St Vincents Hospital, PO Box 2900, Fitzroy, Melbourne, VIC 3065, Australia.
| | | | | | - Naresh G Pereira
- Faculty of Medicine, Notre Dame University, Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Claudia H Marck
- Emergency Practice Innovation Centre, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dania M van der Meer
- Emergency Practice Innovation Centre, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Villasante S, Rodríguez-González D, Antelo M, Rivero-Rodríguez S, Lebrancón-Nieto J. Why are prices in wild catch and aquaculture industries so different? AMBIO 2013; 42:937-50. [PMID: 24213993 PMCID: PMC3824869 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-013-0449-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Through a comparative analysis of prices in capture fisheries and aquaculture sectors, the objectives of this paper are a) to investigate three the trends in prices of forage catches to feed the aquaculture species, b) to analyze the amount of fish species need to feed aquaculture species in order to assess the level of efficiency in resource use, and c) to examine the degree of economic concentration either in wild-catch industry and aquaculture sectors. The results show that prices of cultivated species are higher than prices of the same species when harvested from the sea. We explain this fact by the interplay of three forces. First, the amount of wild fish to feed aquaculture species continues to improve over time. Second, the pressure of fishing activities has not been reduced since catches of most forage fishes are declining, which induce higher prices of capture species that feed aquaculture production. Third, the level of seafood market concentration is significantly higher in aquaculture than in wild catches, which generates higher prices in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Villasante
- />Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, University of Santiago de Compostela, Av. Burgo Nacións s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña Spain
- />Campus do Mar, International Campus of Excellence, Vigo, Spain
| | - David Rodríguez-González
- />Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, University of Santiago de Compostela, Av. Burgo Nacións s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña Spain
| | - Manel Antelo
- />Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, University of Santiago de Compostela, Av. Burgo Nacións s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña Spain
| | - Susana Rivero-Rodríguez
- />Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, University of Santiago de Compostela, Av. Burgo Nacións s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña Spain
| | - Joseba Lebrancón-Nieto
- />Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, University of Santiago de Compostela, Av. Burgo Nacións s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña Spain
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Promoting return of function in multiple sclerosis: An integrated approach. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2013; 2:S2211-0348(13)00044-8. [PMID: 24363985 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2013.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is a disease characterized by inflammatory demyelination, axonal degeneration and progressive brain atrophy. Most of the currently available disease modifying agents proved to be very effective in managing the relapse rate, however progressive neuronal damage continues to occur and leads to progressive accumulation of irreversible disability. For this reason, any therapeutic strategy aimed at restoration of function must take into account not only immunomodulation, but also axonal protection and new myelin formation. We further highlight the importance of an holistic approach, which considers the variability of therapeutic responsiveness as the result of the interplay between genetic differences and the epigenome, which is in turn affected by gender, age and differences in life style including diet, exercise, smoking and social interaction.
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Virmani A, Pinto L, Binienda Z, Ali S. Food, nutrigenomics, and neurodegeneration--neuroprotection by what you eat! Mol Neurobiol 2013; 48:353-62. [PMID: 23813102 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-013-8498-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/16/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Diet in human health is no longer simple nutrition, but in light of recent research, especially nutrigenomics, it is linked via evolution and genetics to cell health status capable of modulating apoptosis, detoxification, and appropriate gene response. Nutritional deficiency and disease especially lack of vitamins and minerals is well known, but more recently, epidemiological studies suggest a role of fruits and vegetables, as well as essential fatty acids and even red wine (French paradox), in protection against disease. In the early 1990s, various research groups started considering the use of antioxidants (e.g., melatonin, resveratrol, green tea, lipoic acid) and metabolic compounds (e.g., nicotinamide, acetyl-L-carnitine, creatine, coenzyme Q10) as possible candidates in neuroprotection. They were of course considered on par with snake oil salesman (women) at the time. The positive actions of nutritional supplements, minerals, and plant extracts in disease prevention are now mainstream and commercial health claims being made are subject to regulation in most countries. Apart from efficacy and finding, the right dosages, the safety, and especially the level of purification and lack of contamination are all issues that are important as their use becomes widespread. From the mechanistic point of view, most of the time these substances replenish the body's deficiency and restore normal function. However, they also exert actions that are not sensu stricto nutritive and could be considered pharmacological especially that, at times, higher intake than recommended (RDA) is needed to see these effects. Free radicals and neuroinflammation processes underlie many neurodegenerative conditions, even Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. Curcumin, carotenoids, acetyl-L-carnitine, coenzyme Q10, vitamin D, and polyphenols and other nutraceuticals have the potential to target multiple pathways in these conditions. In summary, augmenting neuroprotective pathways using diet and finding new natural substances that can be more efficacious, i.e., induction of health-promoting genes and reduction of the expression of disease-promoting genes, could be incorporated into neuroprotective strategies of the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf Virmani
- Research, Innovation and Development, Sigma-tau SpA, Via Pontina km 30,400, 00040, Pomezia, Rome, Italy,
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59
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Cunningham E. Are there evidence-based dietary interventions for multiple sclerosis? J Acad Nutr Diet 2013; 113:1004. [PMID: 23790414 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2013.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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60
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Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most common neurologic disorders that affects young people. The disorder has long been associated with clinical relapses and a disabling course. However, there has been a rapid expansion in the available treatment options for MS, and new insights into existing therapies, as decades of research has begun to produce tangible treatment results leading to newly approved an emerging therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew McCoyd
- Loyola University Medical Center, Building 105, Room 2700, 2160 South First Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA.
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