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Huang Q, Wang Y, Chen X, Wang Y, Li Z, Du S, Wang L, Chen S. Nanotechnology-Based Strategies for Early Cancer Diagnosis Using Circulating Tumor Cells as a Liquid Biopsy. Nanotheranostics 2018; 2:21-41. [PMID: 29291161 PMCID: PMC5743836 DOI: 10.7150/ntno.22091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are cancer cells that shed from a primary tumor and circulate in the bloodstream. As a form of “tumor liquid biopsy”, CTCs provide important information for the mechanistic investigation of cancer metastasis and the measurement of tumor genotype evolution during treatment and disease progression. However, the extremely low abundance of CTCs in the peripheral blood and the heterogeneity of CTCs make their isolation and characterization major technological challenges. Recently, nanotechnologies have been developed for sensitive CTC detection; such technologies will enable better cell and molecular characterization and open up a wide range of clinical applications, including early disease detection and evaluation of treatment response and disease progression. In this review, we summarize the nanotechnology-based strategies for CTC isolation, including representative nanomaterials (such as magnetic nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles, silicon nanopillars, nanowires, nanopillars, carbon nanotubes, dendrimers, quantum dots, and graphene oxide) and microfluidic chip technologies that incorporate nanoroughened surfaces and discuss their key challenges and perspectives in CTC downstream analyses, such as protein expression and genetic mutations that may reflect tumor aggressiveness and patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinqin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Brain Center, Zhongnan Hospital, and Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Brain Center, Zhongnan Hospital, and Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xingxiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Brain Center, Zhongnan Hospital, and Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yimeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Brain Center, Zhongnan Hospital, and Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Brain Center, Zhongnan Hospital, and Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Shiming Du
- Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, 442000, China
| | - Lianrong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Brain Center, Zhongnan Hospital, and Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Shi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Brain Center, Zhongnan Hospital, and Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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Hou M, Lu X, Zhang Z, Xia Q, Yan C, Yu Z, Xu Y, Liu R. Conjugated Polymer Containing Organic Radical for Optical/MR Dual-Modality Bioimaging. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:44316-44323. [PMID: 29199819 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b15052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Optical/MRI bimodal probes have attracted much attention due to palmary soft tissue resolution and high imaging sensitivity. In this study, poly[fluorene-co-alt-p-phenylene] containing organic radical (PFP-TEMPO+) is successfully developed for optical and MRI dual-modality bioimaging. PFP-TEMPO+ displays advanced properties such as fluorescence emission, high photostablilty, reasonable T1 relaxation effect, low cytotoxicity, and good biocompatibility. Moreover, the ability of PFP-TEMPO+ for tumor tissues imaging confirms that it could be used as an optical and MRI imaging probe for in vivo imaging. The results of the present work disclose the potential applications of PFP-TEMPO+ as an optical and MRI contrast agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meirong Hou
- Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital, ‡Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing, School of Biomedical Engineering, and §School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodan Lu
- Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital, ‡Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing, School of Biomedical Engineering, and §School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhide Zhang
- Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital, ‡Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing, School of Biomedical Engineering, and §School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Xia
- Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital, ‡Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing, School of Biomedical Engineering, and §School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenggong Yan
- Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital, ‡Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing, School of Biomedical Engineering, and §School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Yu
- Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital, ‡Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing, School of Biomedical Engineering, and §School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Yikai Xu
- Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital, ‡Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing, School of Biomedical Engineering, and §School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiyuan Liu
- Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital, ‡Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Image Processing, School of Biomedical Engineering, and §School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
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53
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Xu H, Dong B, Xiao Q, Sun X, Zhang X, Lyu J, Yang Y, Xu L, Bai X, Zhang S, Song H. Three-Dimensional Inverse Opal Photonic Crystal Substrates toward Efficient Capture of Circulating Tumor Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:30510-30518. [PMID: 28829566 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b10094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Artificial fractal structures have attracted considerable scientific interest in circulating tumor cells (CTCs) detection and capture, which plays a pivotal role in the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer. Herein, we designed a bionic TiO2 inverse opal photonic crystal (IOPC) structure for highly efficient immunocapture of CTCs by combination of a magnetic Fe3O4@C6@silane nanoparticles with anti-EpCAM (antiepithelial cell adhesion molecule) and microchannel structure. Porous structure and dimension of IOPC TiO2 can be precisely controlled for mimicking cellular components, and anti-EpCAM antibody was further modified on IOPC interface by conjugating with polydopamine (PDA). The improvement of CTCs capture efficiency reaches a surprising factor of 20 for the IOPC interface compared to that on flat glass, suggesting that the IOPCs are responsible for the dramatic enhancement of the capture efficiency of MCF-7 cells. IOPC substrate with pore size of 415 nm leads to the optimal CTCs capture efficiency of 92% with 1 mL/h. Besides the cell affinity, IOPCs also have the advantage of light scattering property which can enhance the excitation and emission light of fluorescence labels, facilitating the real-time monitoring of CTCs capture. The IOPC-based platform demonstrates excellent performance in CTCs capture, which will take an important step toward specific recognition of disease-related rare cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Xu
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University , 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
| | - Biao Dong
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University , 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
| | - Qiaoqin Xiao
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, South China University of Technology , Guangzhou 510641, P.R. China
| | - Xueke Sun
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University , 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
| | - Xinran Zhang
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University , 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
| | - Jiekai Lyu
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University , 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
| | - Yudan Yang
- China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University , Changchun 130033, P.R. China
| | - Lin Xu
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University , 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
| | - Xue Bai
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University , 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University , 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
| | - Hongwei Song
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University , 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
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Yu CC, Ho BC, Juang RS, Hsiao YS, Naidu RVR, Kuo CW, You YW, Shyue JJ, Fang JT, Chen P. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-Based Nanofiber Mats as an Organic Bioelectronic Platform for Programming Multiple Capture/Release Cycles of Circulating Tumor Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:30329-30342. [PMID: 28825302 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b07042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this investigation, we employed a novel one-step electrospinning process to fabricate poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) core/shell nanofiber structures with improved water resistance and good electrochemical properties and characterized them using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry imaging. We then integrated a biotinylated poly-(l-lysine-graft-ethylene glycol) (PLL-g-PEG-biotin) coating with three-dimensional (3D) PEDOT-based nanofiber devices for dynamic control over the capture/release performance of rare circulating tumor cells (CTCs) on-chip. The detailed capture/release behavior of the circulating tumor cells was studied using an organic bioelectronic platform comprising PEO/PEDOT:PSS nanofiber mats with 3 wt % (3-glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane as an additive. We have demonstrated that these nanofiber mats deposited on five-patterned indium tin oxide finger electrodes are excellent candidates for use as functional bioelectronic interfaces for the isolation, detection, sequential collection, and enrichment of rare CTCs through electrical activation of each single electrode. This combination behaved as an ideal model system displaying a high cell-capture yield for antibody-positive cells while resisting the adhesion of antibody-negative cells. Taking advantage of the electrochemical doping/dedoping characteristics of PEDOT:PSS materials, the captured rare cells could be electrically triggered release through the desorption phenomena of PLL-g-PEG-biotin on device surface. More than 90% of the targeted cancer cells were captured on the 3D PEDOT-based nanofiber microfluidic device; over 87% of captured cancer cells were subsequently released for collection; approximately 80% of spiked cancer cells could be collected in a 96-well plate. Therefore, this 3D PEDOT-based nanofiber approach appears to be an economical route for the large-scale preparation of systems for enhancing the downstream characterization of rare CTCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Cheng Yu
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology , Taishan, New Taipei City 24301, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Cheng Ho
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology , Taishan, New Taipei City 24301, Taiwan
| | - Ruey-Shin Juang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Chang Gung University , Guishan, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , Linkou, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sheng Hsiao
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology , Taishan, New Taipei City 24301, Taiwan
| | - R Venkata Ram Naidu
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica , Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Wen Kuo
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica , Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Wen You
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica , Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Jong Shyue
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica , Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Ji-Tseng Fang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , Linkou, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University , Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Peilin Chen
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica , Taipei 11529, Taiwan
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Wang W, Cui H, Zhang P, Meng J, Zhang F, Wang S. Efficient Capture of Cancer Cells by Their Replicated Surfaces Reveals Multiscale Topographic Interactions Coupled with Molecular Recognition. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:10537-10543. [PMID: 28262015 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b01147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Cell-surface topographic interactions can direct the design of biointerfaces, which have been widely used in isolation of circulating tumor cells or fundamental cell biological research. By using three kinds of cancer cell-replicated surfaces with differentiated structures, we uncover that multiscale-cooperative topographic interactions (at both nanoscale and microscale) coupled with molecular recognition enable efficient and specific isolation of cancer cells. The cell replicas precisely inherit the structural features from the original cancer cells, providing not only preferable structures for matching with cancer cells but also a unique platform to interrogate whether certain cancer cells can optimally match with their own replicated surfaces. The results reveal that cancer cells do not show preferential recognitions to their respective replicas, while the capture agent-modified surfaces with hierarchical structures exhibit improved cancer cell capture efficiencies. Two levels of topographic interactions between cancer cells and cell replica surfaces exist. Nanoscale filopodia on cancer cells can topographically interact with different nanostructures on replica surfaces. In addition, microscale concave/convex on surfaces provide suitable sites for trapping cancer cells. This study may promote smart design of multiscale biofunctional materials that can specifically recognize cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenshuo Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Haijun Cui
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Pengchao Zhang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | | | - Feilong Zhang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Shutao Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P.R. China
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56
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Dou X, Li P, Jiang S, Bayat H, Schönherr H. Bioinspired Hierarchically Structured Surfaces for Efficient Capture and Release of Circulating Tumor Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:8508-8518. [PMID: 28206737 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b16202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The development of novel bioinspired surfaces with hierarchical micro- and nanoscale topographic structures for efficient capture and release of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is reported. The capture of CTCs, facilitated by surface-immobilized epithelial cell adhesion molecule antibodies (anti-EpCAM), was shown to be significantly enhanced in novel three-dimensional hierarchically structured surfaces that were fabricated by replicating the natural micro- and nanostructures of rose petals. Under static conditions, these hierarchical capture substrates exhibited up to 6 times higher cell capture ability at concentrations of 100 cells mL-1 in contrast to flat anti-EpCAM-functionalized polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) surfaces. As indicated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and immunofluorescent images, this enhancement can be in large part attributed to the topographical interaction between nanoscale cell surface components and nanostructures on the substrate. Similarly, the increased surface area affords a higher nominal coverage of anti-EpCAM, which increases the number of available binding sites for cell capture. By treating the substrates with the biocompatible reductant glutathione (GSH), up to 85% of the captured cells were released, which displayed over 98% cell viability after culturing on tissue culture polystyrene (TCP) for 24 h. Therefore, these bioinspired hierarchically structured and functionalized substrates can be successfully applied to capture CTCs, as well as release CTCs for subsequent analysis. These findings provide new prospects for designing cell-material interfaces for advanced cell-based biomedical studies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiu Dou
- Physical Chemistry I and Research Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ), Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Siegen , Adolf-Reichwein-Strasse 2, 57076 Siegen, Germany
| | - Ping Li
- Physical Chemistry I and Research Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ), Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Siegen , Adolf-Reichwein-Strasse 2, 57076 Siegen, Germany
| | - Siyu Jiang
- Physical Chemistry I and Research Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ), Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Siegen , Adolf-Reichwein-Strasse 2, 57076 Siegen, Germany
| | - Haider Bayat
- Physical Chemistry I and Research Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ), Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Siegen , Adolf-Reichwein-Strasse 2, 57076 Siegen, Germany
| | - Holger Schönherr
- Physical Chemistry I and Research Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ), Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Siegen , Adolf-Reichwein-Strasse 2, 57076 Siegen, Germany
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57
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He R, Liu M, Shen Y, Long Z, Zhou C. Large-area assembly of halloysite nanotubes for enhancing the capture of tumor cells. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:1712-1723. [PMID: 32263912 DOI: 10.1039/c6tb02538b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Here, polystyrene sulfonate sodium (PSS) modified Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) were self-assembled into a patterned coating on a glass substrate with ordered nanotube arrays in a slit-like confined space. The microstructure of the formed patterned HNTs coating was investigated. The formed strips are more regular and almost parallel to each other with an increase in HNTs concentration. The HNTs coating formed from the 2% PSS-HNTs dispersion has the maximum nanotube alignment degree. The patterned HNTs coating was employed to capture tumor cells. The tumor cells can be captured by the HNTs coating effectively compared with a smooth glass surface due to the enhanced topographic interactions between the HNTs coating and cancer cells. The HNTs coating prepared from the 2% PSS-HNTs dispersion has the highest capture yield which is due to the ordered nanotube arrangement and the appropriate surface roughness. The HNTs coating was further conjugated with anti-EpCAM, which leads to the capture yield of MCF-7 cells reaching 92% within 3 h. The HNTs coating can capture 8 MCF-7 cells from 1 mL artificial blood samples spiked with 10 MCF-7 cells, showing the promising applications of HNTs in clinical circulating tumor cell capture for early diagnosis and monitoring of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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58
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Park MH, Reátegui E, Li W, Tessier SN, Wong KHK, Jensen AE, Thapar V, Ting D, Toner M, Stott SL, Hammond PT. Enhanced Isolation and Release of Circulating Tumor Cells Using Nanoparticle Binding and Ligand Exchange in a Microfluidic Chip. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:2741-2749. [PMID: 28133963 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b12236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The detection of rare circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the blood of cancer patients has the potential to be a powerful and noninvasive method for examining metastasis, evaluating prognosis, assessing tumor sensitivity to drugs, and monitoring therapeutic outcomes. In this study, we have developed an efficient strategy to isolate CTCs from the blood of breast cancer patients using a microfluidic immune-affinity approach. Additionally, to gain further access to these rare cells for downstream characterization, our strategy allows for easy detachment of the captured CTCs from the substrate without compromising cell viability or the ability to employ next generation RNA sequencing for the identification of specific breast cancer genes. To achieve this, a chemical ligand-exchange reaction was engineered to release cells attached to a gold nanoparticle coating bound to the surface of a herringbone microfluidic chip (NP-HBCTC-Chip). Compared to the use of the unmodified HBCTC-Chip, our approach provides several advantages, including enhanced capture efficiency and recovery of isolated CTCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myoung-Hwan Park
- Department of Chemistry, Sahmyook University , Seoul, 01795, Korea
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59
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Lou HY, Zhao W, Hanson L, Zeng C, Cui Y, Cui B. Dual-Functional Lipid Coating for the Nanopillar-Based Capture of Circulating Tumor Cells with High Purity and Efficiency. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:1097-1104. [PMID: 28059522 PMCID: PMC8491572 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b03903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Clinical studies of circulating tumor cells (CTC) have stringent demands for high capture purity and high capture efficiency. Nanostructured surfaces have been shown to significantly increase the capture efficiency yet suffer from low capture purity. Here we introduce a dual-functional lipid coating on nanostructured surfaces. The lipid coating serves both as an effective passivation layer that helps prevent nonspecific cell adhesion and as a functionalized layer for antibody-based specific cell capture. In addition, the fluidity of lipid bilayers enables antibody clustering that enhances the cell-surface interaction for efficient cell capture. As a result, the lipid-coating method helps promote both the capture efficiency and capture purity of nanostructure-based CTC capture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Ya Lou
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Wenting Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Lindsey Hanson
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Connie Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Yi Cui
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Bianxiao Cui
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Corresponding Author:
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60
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Zhang W, Zhao K, Banks CE, Zhang Y. Antibody-modified hydroxyapatite surfaces for the efficient capture of bladder cancer cells in a patient's urine without recourse to any sample pre-treatment. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:8125-8132. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb01854a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we describe a sensitive protocol for the detection of bladder cancer cells in a patient's urine without pre-treatment of the urine sample using antibody-modified hydroxyapatite (HAp) micro/nanostructured surfaces converted from natural seashells under mild biomineralization conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- College of Science
- Huazhong Agricultural University
- Wuhan 430072
- P. R. China
- Wuhan Institute of Marine Electric Propulsion
| | - Kai Zhao
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology Tongji Medical College
- Wuhan 430030
- P. R. China
| | - Craig E. Banks
- Faculty of Science and Engineering
- Manchester Metropolitan University
- Manchester M1 5GD
- UK
| | - Ying Zhang
- College of Science
- Huazhong Agricultural University
- Wuhan 430072
- P. R. China
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61
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Chen PJ, Liu RZ, Hsiao YS. Self-assembled coronene nanofiber arrays: toward integrated organic bioelectronics for efficient isolation, detection, and recovery of cancer cells. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra07515d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrated coronene-based nanofiber array devices for circulating tumor cell isolation, detection, and recovery through electrical stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Jung Chen
- Department of Materials Engineering
- Ming Chi University of Technology
- New Taipei City 243
- Taiwan
| | - Rou-Zhen Liu
- Department of Materials Engineering
- Ming Chi University of Technology
- New Taipei City 243
- Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sheng Hsiao
- Department of Materials Engineering
- Ming Chi University of Technology
- New Taipei City 243
- Taiwan
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62
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Tseng HC, Lee AW, Wei PL, Chang YJ, Chen JK. Clinical diagnosis of colorectal cancer using electrospun triple-blend fibrous mat-based capture assay of circulating tumor cells. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:6565-6580. [PMID: 32263700 DOI: 10.1039/c6tb01359g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Conventional in vitro circulating tumor cell (CTC) detection methods are always limited by the blood sample volume because of the extremely low abundance of CTCs among the large number of hematologic cells. The aim of this study was to overcome this limitation by designing and constructing an in vitro CTC capture assay. We blended poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate) (PSBMA) and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) into nylon-6 through electrospinning to generate a fibrous mat-based capture assay of CTCs. The contents of nylon-6, PSBMA, and PAA in the electrospun triple-blend fibrous mats (ETBFMs) were optimized to avoid degradation and to balance between the non-biofouling behavior and the antibody immobilizing efficiency. In addition, we examined the capture ability of CTCs for clinical diagnoses of colorectal cancer, in comparison with the results identified through pathological analyses of biopsies from colonoscopies. For nine individuals with stage II, III, and IV colorectal cancer, our CTC detection with ETBFMs provided complete positive expression. Two of four individuals were diagnosed to possess stage I colorectal cancer. Two of seven individuals without colorectal tumor, as identified through pathological analyses of biopsies, exhibited positive expression of CTCs. These positive results suggest that such ETBFMs are promising materials for in vitro CTC capture assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsien-Chuan Tseng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 43, Sec. 4, Keelung Road, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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63
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Chen W, Allen SG, Reka AK, Qian W, Han S, Zhao J, Bao L, Keshamouni VG, Merajver SD, Fu J. Nanoroughened adhesion-based capture of circulating tumor cells with heterogeneous expression and metastatic characteristics. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:614. [PMID: 27501846 PMCID: PMC4977622 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2638-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have shown prognostic relevance in many cancer types. However, the majority of current CTC capture methods rely on positive selection techniques that require a priori knowledge about the surface protein expression of disseminated CTCs, which are known to be a dynamic population. METHODS We developed a microfluidic CTC capture chip that incorporated a nanoroughened glass substrate for capturing CTCs from blood samples. Our CTC capture chip utilized the differential adhesion preference of cancer cells to nanoroughened etched glass surfaces as compared to normal blood cells and thus did not depend on the physical size or surface protein expression of CTCs. RESULTS The microfluidic CTC capture chip was able to achieve a superior capture yield for both epithelial cell adhesion molecule positive (EpCAM+) and EpCAM- cancer cells in blood samples. Additionally, the microfluidic CTC chip captured CTCs undergoing transforming growth factor beta-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (TGF-β-induced EMT) with dynamically down-regulated EpCAM expression. In a mouse model of human breast cancer using EpCAM positive and negative cell lines, the number of CTCs captured correlated positively with the size of the primary tumor and was independent of their EpCAM expression. Furthermore, in a syngeneic mouse model of lung cancer using cell lines with differential metastasis capability, CTCs were captured from all mice with detectable primary tumors independent of the cell lines' metastatic ability. CONCLUSIONS The microfluidic CTC capture chip using a novel nanoroughened glass substrate is broadly applicable to capturing heterogeneous CTC populations of clinical interest independent of their surface marker expression and metastatic propensity. We were able to capture CTCs from a non-metastatic lung cancer model, demonstrating the potential of the chip to collect the entirety of CTC populations including subgroups of distinct biological and phenotypical properties. Further exploration of the biological potential of metastatic and presumably non-metastatic CTCs captured using the microfluidic chip will yield insights into their relevant differences and their effects on tumor progression and cancer outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqiang Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, New York University, New York, NY 10012 USA
| | - Steven G. Allen
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Ajaya Kumar Reka
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Weiyi Qian
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, New York University, New York, NY 10012 USA
| | - Shuo Han
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Jianing Zhao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
- School of Advanced Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191 China
| | - Liwei Bao
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Venkateshwar G. Keshamouni
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
- University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Sofia D. Merajver
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
- University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Jianping Fu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
- Michigan Center for Integrative Research in Critical Care, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
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Guo S, Xu J, Xie M, Huang W, Yuan E, Liu Y, Fan L, Cheng S, Liu S, Wang F, Yuan B, Dong W, Zhang X, Huang W, Zhou X. Degradable Zinc-Phosphate-Based Hierarchical Nanosubstrates for Capture and Release of Circulating Tumor Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:15917-15925. [PMID: 27265681 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b04002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) play a significant role in cancer diagnosis and personalized therapy, and it is still a significant challenge to efficiently capture and gently release CTCs from clinical samples for downstream manipulation and molecular analysis. Many CTC devices incorporating various nanostructures have been developed for CTC isolation with sufficient capture efficiency, however, fabricating such nanostructured substrates often requires elaborate design and complicated procedures. Here we fabricate a degradable zinc-phosphate-based hierarchical nanosubstrate (HZnPNS), and we demonstrate its excellent CTC-capture performance along with effective cell-release capability for downstream molecular analysis. This transparent hierarchical architecture prepared by a low-temperature hydrothermal method, enables substantially enhanced capture efficiency and convenient imaging. Biocompatible sodium citrate could rapidly dissolve the architecture at room temperature, allowing that 88 ± 4% of captured cells are gently released with a high viability of 92 ± 1%. Furthermore, antiepithelial cell adhesion molecule antibody functionalized HZnPNS (anti-EpCAM/HZnPNS) was successfully applied to isolate CTCs from whole blood samples of cancer patients, as well as release CTCs for global DNA methylation analysis, indicating it will serve as a simple and reliable alternative platform for CTC detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Guo
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, The Institute for Advanced Studies of Wuhan University, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jiaquan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Min Xie
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Erfeng Yuan
- Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ya Liu
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Liping Fan
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Shibo Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Songmei Liu
- Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Fubing Wang
- Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Bifeng Yuan
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, The Institute for Advanced Studies of Wuhan University, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Weiguo Dong
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Xiaolian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Weihua Huang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, The Institute for Advanced Studies of Wuhan University, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
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65
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Cheng SB, Xie M, Xu JQ, Wang J, Lv SW, Guo S, Shu Y, Wang M, Dong WG, Huang WH. High-Efficiency Capture of Individual and Cluster of Circulating Tumor Cells by a Microchip Embedded with Three-Dimensional Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Scaffold. Anal Chem 2016; 88:6773-80. [PMID: 27291464 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b01130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Effective isolation of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) has great significance for cancer research but is highly challenged. Here, we developed a microchip embedded with a three-dimensional (3D) PDMS scaffold by a quadratic-sacrificing template method for high-efficiency capture of CTCs. The microchip was gifted with a 3D interconnected macroporous structure, strong toughness, and excellent flexibility and transparency, enabling fast isolation and convenient observation of CTCs. Especially, 3D scaffold chip perfectly integrates the two main strategies currently used for enhancement of cell capture efficiency. Spatially distributed 3D scaffold compels cells undergoing chaotic or vortex migration in the channel, and the spatially distributed nanorough skeleton offers ample binding sites, which synergistically and significantly improve CTCs capture efficiency. Our results showed that 1-118 CTCs/mL were identified from 14 cancer patients' blood and 5 out of these cancer patients showed 1-14 CTC clusters/mL. This work demonstrates for the first time the development of microchip with transparent interconnected 3D scaffold for isolation of CTCs and CTC clusters, which may promote in-depth analysis of CTCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Bo Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Min Xie
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jia-Quan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Song-Wei Lv
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Shan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ying Shu
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Wei-Guo Dong
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Wei-Hua Huang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072, China
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66
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Chen JF, Zhu Y, Lu YT, Hodara E, Hou S, Agopian VG, Tomlinson JS, Posadas EM, Tseng HR. Clinical Applications of NanoVelcro Rare-Cell Assays for Detection and Characterization of Circulating Tumor Cells. Theranostics 2016; 6:1425-39. [PMID: 27375790 PMCID: PMC4924510 DOI: 10.7150/thno.15359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Liquid biopsy of tumor through isolation of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) allows non-invasive, repetitive, and systemic sampling of disease. Although detecting and enumerating CTCs is of prognostic significance in metastatic cancer, it is conceivable that performing molecular and functional characterization on CTCs will reveal unprecedented insight into the pathogenic mechanisms driving lethal disease. Nanomaterial-embedded cancer diagnostic platforms, i.e., NanoVelcro CTC Assays represent a unique rare-cell sorting method that enables detection isolation, and characterization of CTCs in peripheral blood, providing an opportunity to noninvasively monitor disease progression in individual cancer patients. Over the past decade, a series of NanoVelcro CTC Assays has been demonstrated for exploring the full potential of CTCs as a clinical biomarker, including CTC enumeration, phenotyping, genotyping and expression profiling. In this review article, the authors will briefly introduce the development of three generations of NanoVelcro CTC Assays, and highlight the clinical applications of each generation for various types of solid cancers, including prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, lung cancer, and melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Fu Chen
- 1. Urologic Oncology Program and Uro-Oncology Research Laboratories, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Yazhen Zhu
- 2. Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, California NanoSystems Institute, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA;; 3. Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of TCM, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Tsung Lu
- 1. Urologic Oncology Program and Uro-Oncology Research Laboratories, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Elisabeth Hodara
- 1. Urologic Oncology Program and Uro-Oncology Research Laboratories, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Shuang Hou
- 3. Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of TCM, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Vatche G Agopian
- 4. Department of Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA;; 5. Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - James S Tomlinson
- 4. Department of Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA;; 6. Center for Pancreatic Disease, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA;; 7. Department of Surgery Greater Los Angeles Veteran's Affairs Administration, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Edwin M Posadas
- 1. Urologic Oncology Program and Uro-Oncology Research Laboratories, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Hsian-Rong Tseng
- 2. Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, California NanoSystems Institute, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
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67
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Sun N, Li X, Wang Z, Zhang R, Wang J, Wang K, Pei R. A Multiscale TiO2 Nanorod Array for Ultrasensitive Capture of Circulating Tumor Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:12638-12643. [PMID: 27176724 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b02178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a uniform multiscale TiO2 nanorod array is fabricated to provide a "multi-scale interacting platform" for cell capture, which exhibits excellent capture specificity and sensitivity of the target cells after modification with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and DNA aptamer. After studying the capture performance of the BSA-aptamer TiO2 nanorod substrates and other nanostructured substrates, we can conclude that the multisacle TiO2 nanorod substrates could indeed effectively enhance the capture yields of target cancer cells. The capture yield of artificial blood samples on the BSA-aptamer TiO2 nanorod substrates is up to 85%-95%, revealing the potential application of the TiO2 nanorods on efficient and sensitive capture of rare circulating tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Sun
- Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xinpan Li
- Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123, China
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Zhili Wang
- Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ruihua Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123, China
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jine Wang
- Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Kewei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Renjun Pei
- Key Laboratory for Nano-Bio Interface, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123, China
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68
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Hsiao YS, Liao YH, Chen HL, Chen P, Chen FC. Organic Photovoltaics and Bioelectrodes Providing Electrical Stimulation for PC12 Cell Differentiation and Neurite Outgrowth. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:9275-9284. [PMID: 26999636 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b00916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Current bioelectronic medicines for neurological therapies generally involve treatment with a bioelectronic system comprising a power supply unit and a bioelectrode device. Further integration of wireless and self-powered units is of practical importance for implantable bioelectronics. In this study, we developed biocompatible organic photovoltaics (OPVs) for serving as wireless electrical power supply units that can be operated under illumination with near-infrared (NIR) light, and organic bioelectronic interface (OBEI) electrode devices as neural stimulation electrodes. The OPV/OBEI integrated system is capable to provide electrical stimulation (ES) as a means of enhancing neuron-like PC12 cell differentiation and neurite outgrowth. For the OPV design, we prepared devices incorporating two photoactive material systems--β-carotene/N,N'-dioctyl-3,4,9,10-perylenedicarboximide (β-carotene/PTCDI-C8) and poly(3-hexylthiophene)/phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT/PCBM)--that exhibited open circuit voltages of 0.11 and 0.49 V, respectively, under NIR light LED (NLED) illumination. Then, we connected OBEI devices with different electrode gaps, incorporating biocompatible poly(hydroxymethylated-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), to OPVs to precisely tailor the direct current electric field conditions during the culturing of PC12 cells. This NIR light-driven OPV/OBEI system could be engineered to provide tunable control over the electric field (from 220 to 980 mV mm(-1)) to promote 64% enhancement in the neurite length, direct the neurite orientation on chips, or both. The OPV/OBEI integrated systems under NIR illumination appear to function as effective power delivery platforms that should meet the requirements for wirelessly offering medical ES to a portion of the nervous system; they might also be a key technology for the development of next-generation implantable bioelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Sheng Hsiao
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology , 84 Gunjuan Road, Taishan, New Taipei City 243 Taiwan
| | - Yan-Hao Liao
- Department of Photonics, National Chiao Tung University , 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan
| | - Huan-Lin Chen
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology , 84 Gunjuan Road, Taishan, New Taipei City 243 Taiwan
| | - Peilin Chen
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica , 128 Sec. 2, Academia Road, Taipei 11529 Taiwan
| | - Fang-Chung Chen
- Department of Photonics, National Chiao Tung University , 1001 University Road, Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan
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69
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Bhana S, Wang Y, Huang X. Nanotechnology for enrichment and detection of circulating tumor cells. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 10:1973-90. [PMID: 26139129 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.15.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are a hallmark of invasive behavior of cancer, responsible for the development of metastasis. Their detection and analysis have significant impacts in cancer biology and clinical practice. However, CTCs are rare events and contain heterogeneous subpopulations, requiring highly sensitive and specific techniques to identify and capture CTCs with high efficiency. Nanotechnology shows strong promises for CTC enrichment and detection owning to the unique structural and functional properties of nanoscale materials. In this review, we discuss the CTC enrichment and detection technologies based on a variety of functional nanosystems and nanostructured substrates, with the goal to highlight the role of nanotechnology in the advancement of basic and clinical CTC research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saheel Bhana
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA
| | - Yongmei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA
| | - Xiaohua Huang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA
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70
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Shi Q, Hou J, Zhao C, Xin Z, Jin J, Li C, Wong SC, Yin J. A smart core-sheath nanofiber that captures and releases red blood cells from the blood. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:2022-2029. [PMID: 26701327 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr07070h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A smart core-sheath nanofiber for non-adherent cell capture and release is demonstrated. The nanofibers are fabricated by single-spinneret electrospinning of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm), polycaprolactone (PCL) and nattokinase (NK) solution blends. The self-assembly of PNIPAAm and PCL blends during the electrospinning generates the core-sheath PCL/PNIPAAm nanofibers with PNIPAAm as the sheath. The PNIPAAm-based core-sheath nanofibers are switchable between hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity with temperature change and enhance stability in the blood. When the nanofibers come in contact with blood, the NK is released from the nanofibers to resist platelet adhesion on the nanofiber surface, facilitating the direct capture and isolation of red blood cells (RBCs) from the blood above phase-transition temperature of PNIPAAm. Meanwhile, the captured RBCs are readily released from the nanofibers with temperature stimuli in an undamaged manner. The release efficiency of up to 100% is obtained while maintaining cellular integrity and function. This work presents promising nanofibers to effectively capture non-adherent cells and release for subsequent molecular analysis and diagnosis of single cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China.
| | - J Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China.
| | - C Zhao
- Department of Polymer, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, People's Republic of China.
| | - Z Xin
- Department of Polymer, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, People's Republic of China.
| | - J Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China.
| | - C Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China.
| | - S-C Wong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325-3903, USA
| | - J Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, P. R. China.
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Zhang F, Jiang Y, Liu X, Meng J, Zhang P, Liu H, Yang G, Li G, Jiang L, Wan LJ, Hu JS, Wang S. Hierarchical Nanowire Arrays as Three-Dimensional Fractal Nanobiointerfaces for High Efficient Capture of Cancer Cells. NANO LETTERS 2016; 16:766-772. [PMID: 26673032 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b04731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A hierarchical assembled ITO nanowire array with both horizontal and vertical nanowire branches was fabricated as a new three-dimensional fractal nanobiointerface for efficient cancer cell capture. Comparing with ITO nanowire array without branches, this fractal nanobiointerface exhibited much higher efficiency (89% vs 67%) and specificity in capturing cancer cells and took shorter time (35 vs 45 min) to reach the maximal capture efficiency. As indicated by the immunofluorescent and ESEM images, this enhancement can be attributed to the improvement of topographical interaction between cells and the substrate. The introduction of horizontal and vertical nanowire branches makes the substrate topographically match better with cell filopodia and provides more binding sites for cell capture. The live/dead cell staining and proliferation experiments confirm that this fractal nanobiointerface displays excellent cyto-compatibility with an over 96% cell viability after capture. These results provide new insights and may open up opportunities in designing and engineering new cell-material interfaces for advanced biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feilong Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xueli Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jingxin Meng
- Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interface Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Pengchao Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Hongliang Liu
- Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interface Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Gao Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Guannan Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interface Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Li-Jun Wan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Song Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Shutao Wang
- Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interface Science, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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Zhao C, Shi Q, Hou J, Xin Z, Jin J, Li C, Wong SC, Yin J. Capturing red blood cells from the blood by lectin recognition on a glycopolymer-patterned surface. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:4130-4137. [DOI: 10.1039/c6tb00606j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A glycopolymer-patterned surface selectively captures red blood cells from the blood by lectin recognition in a harmless manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Zhao
- Department of Polymer
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Yantai University
- Yantai
- P. R. China
| | - Qiang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- China
| | - Jianwen Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- China
| | - Zhirong Xin
- Department of Polymer
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Yantai University
- Yantai
- P. R. China
| | - Jing Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- China
| | - Chunming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- China
| | | | - Jinghua Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
- China
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Goda T, Toya M, Matsumoto A, Miyahara Y. Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Bearing Phosphorylcholine Groups for Metal-Free, Antibody-Free, and Low-Impedance Biosensors Specific for C-Reactive Protein. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:27440-27448. [PMID: 26588324 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b09325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Conducting polymers possessing biorecognition elements are essential for developing electrical biosensors sensitive and specific to clinically relevant biomolecules. We developed a new 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) derivative bearing a zwitterionic phosphorylcholine group via a facile synthesis through the Michael-type addition thiol-ene "click" reaction for the detection of an acute-phase biomarker human C-reactive protein (CRP). The phosphorylcholine group, a major headgroup in phospholipid, which is the main constituent of plasma membrane, was also expected to resist nonspecific adsorption of other proteins at the electrode/solution interface. The biomimetic EDOT derivative was randomly copolymerized with EDOT, via an electropolymerization technique with a dopant sodium perchlorate, onto a glassy carbon electrode to make the synthesized polymer film both conductive and target-responsive. The conducting copolymer films were characterized by cyclic voltammetry, scanning electron microscopy, attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The specific interaction of CRP with phosphorylcholine in a calcium-containing buffer solution was determined by differential pulse voltammetry, which measures the altered redox reaction between the indicators ferricyanide/ferrocyanide as a result of the binding event. The conducting polymer-based protein sensor achieved a limit of detection of 37 nM with a dynamic range of 10-160 nM, covering the dynamically changing CRP levels in circulation during the acute phase. The results will enable the development of metal-free, antibody-free, and low-impedance electrochemical biosensors for the screening of nonspecific biomarkers of inflammation and infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuro Goda
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Masahiro Toya
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Akira Matsumoto
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Yuji Miyahara
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
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Green BJ, Saberi Safaei T, Mepham A, Labib M, Mohamadi RM, Kelley SO. Beyond the Capture of Circulating Tumor Cells: Next-Generation Devices and Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 55:1252-65. [PMID: 26643151 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201505100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decade, significant progress has been made towards the development of approaches that enable the capture of rare circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from the blood of cancer patients, a critical capability for noninvasive tumor profiling. These advances have leveraged new insights in materials chemistry and microfluidics and allowed the capture and enumeration of CTCs with unprecedented sensitivity. However, it has become increasingly clear that simply capturing and counting tumor cells launched into the bloodstream may not provide the information needed to advance our understanding of the biology of these rare cells, or to allow us to better exploit them in medicine. A variety of advances have now emerged demonstrating that more information can be extracted from CTCs with next-generation devices and materials featuring tailored physical and chemical properties. In this Minireview, the last ten years of work in this area will be discussed, with an emphasis on the groundbreaking work of the last five years, during which the focus has moved beyond the simple capture of CTCs and gravitated towards approaches that enable in-depth analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda J Green
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tina Saberi Safaei
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Adam Mepham
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mahmoud Labib
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Reza M Mohamadi
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shana O Kelley
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Green BJ, Saberi Safaei T, Mepham A, Labib M, Mohamadi RM, Kelley SO. Profilierung zirkulierender Tumorzellen mit Apparaturen und Materialien der nächsten Generation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201505100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brenda J. Green
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Kanada
| | - Tina Saberi Safaei
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Kanada
| | - Adam Mepham
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Kanada
| | - Mahmoud Labib
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Kanada
| | - Reza M. Mohamadi
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Kanada
| | - Shana O. Kelley
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Kanada
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Kanada
- Department of Biochemistry; University of Toronto; Toronto ON Kanada
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Li Y, Lu Q, Liu H, Wang J, Zhang P, Liang H, Jiang L, Wang S. Antibody-Modified Reduced Graphene Oxide Films with Extreme Sensitivity to Circulating Tumor Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:6848-54. [PMID: 26426823 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201502615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
An antibody-modified reduced graphene oxide (rGO) film with unexpected -extreme sensitivity to circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is reported. The antibody--modified rGO films efficiently capture CTCs from billions of blood cells and minimize the background of white blood cells, without complex microfluidic operations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qihang Lu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Hongliang Liu
- Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interface Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jianfeng Wang
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Pengchao Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Huageng Liang
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
| | - Shutao Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interface Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
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Kwak M, Han L, Chen JJ, Fan R. Interfacing Inorganic Nanowire Arrays and Living Cells for Cellular Function Analysis. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2015; 11:5600-10. [PMID: 26349637 PMCID: PMC4676807 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201501236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Revised: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic nanowires are among the most attractive functional materials, which have emerged in the past two decades. They have demonstrated applications in information technology and energy conversion, but their utility in biological or biomedical research remains relatively under-explored. Although nanowire-based sensors have been frequently reported for biomolecular detection, interfacing nanowire arrays and living mammalian cells for the direct analysis of cellular functions is a very recent endeavor. Cell-penetrating nanowires enabled effective delivery of biomolecules, electrical and optical stimulation and recording of intracellular signals over a long period of time. Non-penetrating, high-density nanowire arrays display rich interactions between the nanostructured substrate and the micro/nanoscale features of cell surfaces. Such interactions enable efficient capture of rare cells including circulating tumor cells and trafficking leukocytes from complex biospecimens. It also serves as a platform for probing cell traction force and neuronal guidance. The most recent advances in the field that exploits nanowire arrays (both penetrating and non-penetrating) to perform rapid analysis of cellular functions potentially for disease diagnosis and monitoring are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minsuk Kwak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Lin Han
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Jonathan J. Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Rong Fan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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79
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Li YQ, Chandran BK, Lim CT, Chen X. Rational Design of Materials Interface for Efficient Capture of Circulating Tumor Cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2015; 2:1500118. [PMID: 27980914 PMCID: PMC5115340 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201500118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2015] [Revised: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Originating from primary tumors and penetrating into blood circulation, circulating tumor cells (CTCs) play a vital role in understanding the biology of metastasis and have great potential for early cancer diagnosis, prognosis and personalized therapy. By exploiting the specific biophysical and biochemical properties of CTCs, various material interfaces have been developed for the capture and detection of CTCs from blood. However, due to the extremely low number of CTCs in peripheral blood, there exists a need to improve the efficiency and specificity of the CTC capture and detection. In this regard, a critical review of the numerous reports of advanced platforms for highly efficient and selective capture of CTCs, which have been spurred by recent advances in nanotechnology and microfabrication, is essential. This review gives an overview of unique biophysical and biochemical properties of CTCs, followed by a summary of the key material interfaces recently developed for improved CTC capture and detection, with focus on the use of microfluidics, nanostructured substrates, and miniaturized nuclear magnetic resonance-based systems. Challenges and future perspectives in the design of material interfaces for capture and detection of CTCs in clinical applications are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Qiang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue SIngapore 639798 Singapore; School of Radiation Medicine and Protection and School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X)Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions Medical College of Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Bevita K Chandran
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue SIngapore 639798 Singapore
| | - Chwee Teck Lim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Mechanobiology Institute Centre for Advanced 2D Materials National University of Singapore 9 Engineering Drive 1 Singapore 117575 Singapore
| | - Xiaodong Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue SIngapore 639798 Singapore
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80
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Wang X, Li S, Zhang P, Lv F, Liu L, Li L, Wang S. An optical nanoruler based on a conjugated polymer-silver nanoprism pair for label-free protein detection. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:6040-6045. [PMID: 26314928 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201502880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
An optical nanoruler system based on a conjugated polyelectrolyte-silver nanoprism pair is developed for label-free protein detection by taking advantage of the metal-enhanced fluorescence effect of silver nanostructures. Antibody-antigen interactions induce a change in the metal-fluorophore distance, followed by the response of a fluorescent signal of the conjugated polyelectrolyte. The system is used to detect target antigens sensitively and selectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Shengliang Li
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Pengbo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Fengting Lv
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Libing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Lidong Li
- State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Shu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
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81
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Qian W, Zhang Y, Chen W. Capturing Cancer: Emerging Microfluidic Technologies for the Capture and Characterization of Circulating Tumor Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2015; 11:3850-72. [PMID: 25993898 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201403658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) escape from primary or metastatic lesions and enter into circulation, carrying significant information of cancer progression and metastasis. Capture of CTCs from the bloodstream and the characterization of these cells hold great significance for the detection, characterization, and monitoring of cancer. Despite the urgent need from clinics, it remains a major challenge to capture and retain these rare cells from human blood with high specificity and yield. Recent exciting advances in micro/nanotechnology, microfluidics, and materials science have enable versatile, robust, and efficient cell isolation and processing through the development of new micro/nanoengineered devices and biomaterials. This review provides a summary of recent progress along this direction, with a focus on emerging methods for CTC capture and processing, and their application in cancer research. Furthermore, classical as well as emerging cellular characterization methods are reviewed to reveal the role of CTCs in cancer progression and metastasis, and hypotheses are proposed in regard to the potential emerging research directions most desired in CTC-related cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyi Qian
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY, 11201, USA
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY, 11201, USA
| | - Weiqiang Chen
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY, 11201, USA
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82
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Hsiao YS, Ho BC, Yan HX, Kuo CW, Chueh DY, Yu HH, Chen P. Integrated 3D conducting polymer-based bioelectronics for capture and release of circulating tumor cells. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:5103-5110. [PMID: 32262462 DOI: 10.1039/c5tb00096c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Here we develop a novel fabrication approach for producing three-dimensional (3D) conducting polymer-based bioelectronic interfaces (BEIs) that can be integrated on electronic devices for rare circulating tumor cell (CTC) isolation, detection, and collection via an electrically triggered cell released from chips. Based on the chemical oxidative polymerization of carboxylic acid-modified 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene and modified poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) transfer printing technology, the high-aspect-ratio structures of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT)-based "nanorod" arrays can be fabricated on indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes when using the Si "microrod" arrays as masters. Furthermore, we integrated the biotinylated poly-(l)-lysine-graft-poly-ethylene-glycol (PLL-g-PEG-biotin) coating with 3D PEDOT-based BEIs for dynamic control of the capture/release performance of CTCs on chips; this combination exhibited an optimal cell-capture yield cells of ∼45 000 cells cm-2 from EpCAM-positive MCF7 while maintaining resistance from the adhesion of EpCAM-negative HeLa cells at a density of ∼4000 cells cm-2. By taking advantage of the electrochemical doping/dedoping properties of PEDOT materials, the captured CTCs can be triggered to be electrically released through the desorption phenomena of the PLL-g-PEG-biotin. More than 90% of the captured cells can be released while maintaining very high cell viability. Therefore, it is conceivable that the use of a 3D PEDOT-based BEI platform will meet the requirements for the development of downstream characterization of CTCs, as well as the next generation of bioelectronics for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Sheng Hsiao
- Department of Materials Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, 84 Gunjuan Road, Taishan, New Taipei City 243, Taiwan.
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83
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Lu NN, Xie M, Wang J, Lv SW, Yi JS, Dong WG, Huang WH. Biotin-triggered decomposable immunomagnetic beads for capture and release of circulating tumor cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:8817-26. [PMID: 25853336 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b01397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Isolation of rare, pure, and viable circulating tumor cells (CTCs) provides a significant insight in early cancer diagnosis, and release of captured CTCs without damage for ex vivo culture may offer an opportunity for personalized cancer therapy. In this work, we described a biotin-triggered decomposable immunomagnetic system, in which peptide-tagged antibody designed by chemical conjugation was specifically immobilized on engineered protein-coated magnetic beads. The interaction between peptide and engineered protein can be reversibly destroyed by biotin treatment, making capture and release of CTCs possible. Furthermore, the peptide could mediate multiple antibodies' coimmobilization on engineered protein-coated magnetic beads, by which capture efficiency for CTCs was obviously improved. Quantitative results showed that 70% of captured cells could be released by biotin addition, and 85% of released cells remained viable. In addition, 79% of cancer cells spiked in human whole blood were captured and could also be successfully released for culture. Finally, immunomagnetic beads simultaneously loaded with anti-EpCAM, anti-HER2, and anti-EGFR were successfully applied to isolate and detect CTCs in 17 cancer patients' peripheral blood samples, and 2-215 CTCs were identified with high purity. These results suggest that our method is reliable and has great potential in CTC detection for CTC-based molecular profiling, diagnosis, and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning-Ning Lu
- †Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Min Xie
- †Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jing Wang
- ‡Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Song-Wei Lv
- †Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jia-Sheng Yi
- ‡Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Wei-Guo Dong
- ‡Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Wei-Hua Huang
- †Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
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84
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Ma L, Yang G, Wang N, Zhang P, Guo F, Meng J, Zhang F, Hu Z, Wang S, Zhao Y. Trap Effect of Three-Dimensional Fibers Network for High Efficient Cancer-Cell Capture. Adv Healthc Mater 2015; 4:838-43. [PMID: 25645204 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201400650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Revised: 12/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cells are trapped: The 3D fibrous interfaces, including microfibers, nanofibers, and nanofibers/microbeads composite interfaces, are fabricated by electrospinning. After coated with anti-EpCAM, these 3D fibrous interfaces allow cancer cells to be firmly trapped into the networks that show the outstanding capability for cancer cell capture from real blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial, Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, P. R. China
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85
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Xu L, Chen S, Lu X, Lu Q. Electrochemically Tunable Cell Adsorption on a Transparent and Adhesion-Switchable Superhydrophobic Polythiophene Film. Macromol Rapid Commun 2015; 36:1205-10. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201500102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lianyi Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Shuangshuang Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Xuemin Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Qinghua Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composite; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 China
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86
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Ke Z, Lin M, Chen JF, Choi JS, Zhang Y, Fong A, Liang AJ, Chen SF, Li Q, Fang W, Zhang P, Garcia MA, Lee T, Song M, Lin HA, Zhao H, Luo SC, Hou S, Yu HH, Tseng HR. Programming thermoresponsiveness of NanoVelcro substrates enables effective purification of circulating tumor cells in lung cancer patients. ACS NANO 2015; 9:62-70. [PMID: 25495128 PMCID: PMC4310634 DOI: 10.1021/nn5056282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Unlike tumor biopsies that can be constrained by problems such as sampling bias, circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are regarded as the "liquid biopsy" of the tumor, providing convenient access to all disease sites, including primary tumor and fatal metastases. Although enumerating CTCs is of prognostic significance in solid tumors, it is conceivable that performing molecular and functional analyses on CTCs will reveal much significant insight into tumor biology to guide proper therapeutic intervention. We developed the Thermoresponsive NanoVelcro CTC purification system that can be digitally programmed to achieve an optimal performance for purifying CTCs from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. The performance of this unique CTC purification system was optimized by systematically modulating surface chemistry, flow rates, and heating/cooling cycles. By applying a physiologically endurable stimulation (i.e., temperature between 4 and 37 °C), the mild operational parameters allow minimum disruption to CTCs' viability and molecular integrity. Subsequently, we were able to successfully demonstrate culture expansion and mutational analysis of the CTCs purified by this CTC purification system. Most excitingly, we adopted the combined use of the Thermoresponsive NanoVelcro system with downstream mutational analysis to monitor the disease evolution of an index NSCLC patient, highlighting its translational value in managing NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zunfu Ke
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging (CIMI), California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Address correspondence to , , ,
| | - Millicent Lin
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging (CIMI), California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Jie-Fu Chen
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging (CIMI), California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Jin-sil Choi
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging (CIMI), California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging (CIMI), California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Anna Fong
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging (CIMI), California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - An-Jou Liang
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging (CIMI), California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Shang-Fu Chen
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging (CIMI), California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Qingyu Li
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging (CIMI), California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Wenfeng Fang
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging (CIMI), California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Pingshan Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging (CIMI), California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Mitch A. Garcia
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging (CIMI), California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Tom Lee
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging (CIMI), California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Min Song
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging (CIMI), California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Hsing-An Lin
- Responsive Organic Materials Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Haichao Zhao
- Responsive Organic Materials Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Shyh-Chyang Luo
- Responsive Organic Materials Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Shuang Hou
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging (CIMI), California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Address correspondence to , , ,
| | - Hsiao-hua Yu
- Responsive Organic Materials Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road Sec. 2, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Address correspondence to , , ,
| | - Hsian-Rong Tseng
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging (CIMI), California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Address correspondence to , , ,
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87
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Abstract
We provide an overview covering the existing challenges and latest developments in achieving high selectivity and sensitivity cancer-biomarker detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wu
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Division of Biological Inorganic Chemistry
- State Key laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
| | - Xiaogang Qu
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Division of Biological Inorganic Chemistry
- State Key laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization
- Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Changchun
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88
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Zheng F, Cheng Y, Wang J, Lu J, Zhang B, Zhao Y, Gu Z. Aptamer-functionalized barcode particles for the capture and detection of multiple types of circulating tumor cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2014; 26:7333-8. [PMID: 25251012 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201403530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2014] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Aptamer-functionalized barcode particles are employed to capture and detect various types of circulating tumor cells (CTCs). The particles are spherical colloidal crystal clusters, and the reflection properties that arise from their structures are how their codes are evaluated. Aptamer functionalization (with TD05, Sgc8, and Sgd5) make the particles interact with specific CTC types; dendrimers are used to amplify the effect of the aptamers, allowing for increased sensitivity, reliability, and specificity in CTC capture, detection, and subsequent release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuyin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China
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89
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Lee JE, Luo SC, Zhu B, Park JW, Yu HH. Nanoscale analysis of functionalized polythiophene surfaces: the effects of electropolymerization methods and thermal treatment. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra10135a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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90
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Wang S, Wan Y, Liu Y. Effects of nanopillar array diameter and spacing on cancer cell capture and cell behaviors. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:12482-9. [PMID: 25137436 PMCID: PMC4194151 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr02854f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
While substrates with nanopillars (NPs) have emerged as promising platforms for isolation of circulating tumor cells (CTCs), the influence of diameter and spacing of NPs on CTC capture is still unclear. In this paper, CTC-capture yield and cell behaviors have been investigated by using antibody functionalized NPs of various diameters (120-1100 nm) and spacings (35-800 nm). The results show a linear relationship between the cell capture yield and effective contact area of NP substrates where a NP array of small diameter and reasonable spacing is preferred; however, spacing that is too small or too large adversely impairs the capture efficiency and specificity, respectively. In addition, the formation of pseudopodia between captured cells and the substrate is found to be dependent not only on cell adhesion status but also on elution strength and shear direction. These findings provide essential guidance in designing NP substrates for more efficient capture of CTCs and manipulation of cytomorphology in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunqiang Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering & Mechanics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, United States
| | - Yuan Wan
- Ian Wark Research Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Yaling Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering & Mechanics, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, United States
- Bioengineering Program, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015, United States
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91
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Qian W, Zhang Y, Gordon A, Chen W. Nanotopographic Biomaterials for Isolation of Circulating Tumor Cells. J Nanotechnol Eng Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4030420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) shed from the primary tumor mass and circulating in the bloodstream of patients are believed to be vital to understand of cancer metastasis and progression. Capture and release of CTCs for further enumeration and molecular characterization holds the key for early cancer diagnosis, prognosis and therapy evaluation. However, detection of CTCs is challenging due to their rarity, heterogeneity and the increasing demand of viable CTCs for downstream biological analysis. Nanotopographic biomaterial-based microfluidic systems are emerging as promising tools for CTC capture with improved capture efficiency, purity, throughput and retrieval of viable CTCs. This review offers a brief overview of the recent advances in this field, including CTC detection technologies based on nanotopographic biomaterials and relevant nanofabrication methods. Additionally, the possible intracellular mechanisms of the intrinsic nanotopography sensitive responses that lead to the enhanced CTC capture are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyi Qian
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY 11201 e-mail:
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY 11201 e-mail:
| | - Andrew Gordon
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY 11201 e-mail:
| | - Weiqiang Chen
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY 11201 e-mail:
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92
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Lin M, Chen JF, Lu YT, Zhang Y, Song J, Hou S, Ke Z, Tseng HR. Nanostructure embedded microchips for detection, isolation, and characterization of circulating tumor cells. Acc Chem Res 2014; 47:2941-50. [PMID: 25111636 PMCID: PMC4204926 DOI: 10.1021/ar5001617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Circulating
tumor cells (CTCs) are cancer cells that break away
from either a primary tumor or a metastatic site and circulate in
the peripheral blood as the cellular origin of metastasis. With their
role as a “tumor liquid biopsy”, CTCs provide convenient
access to all disease sites, including that of the primary tumor and
the site of fatal metastases. It is conceivable that detecting and
analyzing CTCs will provide insightful information in assessing the
disease status without the flaws and limitations encountered in performing
conventional tumor biopsies. However, identifying CTCs in patient
blood samples is technically challenging due to the extremely low
abundance of CTCs among a large number of hematologic cells. To address
this unmet need, there have been significant research endeavors, especially
in the fields of chemistry, materials science, and bioengineering,
devoted to developing CTC detection, isolation, and characterization
technologies. Inspired by the nanoscale interactions observed
in the tissue microenvironment,
our research team at UCLA pioneered a unique concept of “NanoVelcro”
cell-affinity substrates, in which CTC capture agent-coated nanostructured
substrates were utilized to immobilize CTCs with high efficiency.
The working mechanism of NanoVelcro cell-affinity substrates mimics
that of Velcro: when the two fabric strips of a Velcro fastener are
pressed together, tangling between the hairy surfaces on two strips
leads to strong binding. Through continuous evolution, three generations
(gens) of NanoVelcro CTC chips have been established to achieve different
clinical utilities. The first-gen NanoVelcro chip, composed of a silicon
nanowire substrate (SiNS) and an overlaid microfluidic chaotic mixer,
was created for CTC enumeration. Side-by-side analytical validation
studies using clinical blood samples suggested that the sensitivity
of first-gen NanoVelcro chip outperforms that of FDA-approved CellSearch.
In conjunction with the use of the laser microdissection (LMD) technique,
second-gen NanoVelcro chips (i.e., NanoVelcro-LMD), based on polymer
nanosubstrates, were developed for single-CTC isolation. The individually
isolated CTCs can be subjected to single-CTC genotyping (e.g., Sanger
sequencing and next-generation sequencing, NGS) to verify the CTC’s
role as tumor liquid biopsy. Created by grafting of thermoresponsive
polymer brushes onto SiNS, third-gen NanoVelcro chips (i.e., Thermoresponsive
NanoVelcro) have demonstrated the capture and release of CTCs at 37
and 4 °C, respectively. The temperature-dependent conformational
changes of polymer brushes can effectively alter the accessibility
of the capture agent on SiNS, allowing for rapid CTC purification
with desired viability and molecular integrity. This Account
summarizes the continuous evolution of NanoVelcro
CTC assays from the emergence of the original idea all the way to
their applications in cancer research. We envision that NanoVelcro
CTC assays will lead the way for powerful and cost-efficient diagnostic
platforms for researchers to better understand underlying disease
mechanisms and for physicians to monitor real-time disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Millicent Lin
- Department
of Pathology, The First Affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Department
of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Crump Institute for Molecular
Imaging (CIMI), California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California 90095-1770, United States
| | - Jie-Fu Chen
- Department
of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Crump Institute for Molecular
Imaging (CIMI), California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California 90095-1770, United States
| | - Yi-Tsung Lu
- Department
of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Crump Institute for Molecular
Imaging (CIMI), California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California 90095-1770, United States
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department
of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Crump Institute for Molecular
Imaging (CIMI), California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California 90095-1770, United States
| | - Jinzhao Song
- Department
of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Crump Institute for Molecular
Imaging (CIMI), California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California 90095-1770, United States
| | - Shuang Hou
- Department
of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Crump Institute for Molecular
Imaging (CIMI), California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California 90095-1770, United States
| | - Zunfu Ke
- Department
of Pathology, The First Affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hsian-Rong Tseng
- Department
of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Crump Institute for Molecular
Imaging (CIMI), California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, California 90095-1770, United States
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93
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Meng J, Liu H, Liu X, Yang G, Zhang P, Wang S, Jiang L. Hierarchical biointerfaces assembled by leukocyte-inspired particles for specifically recognizing cancer cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2014; 10:3735-3741. [PMID: 24839236 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201400215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
By mimicking certain biochemical and physical attributes of biological cells, bio-inspired particles have attracted great attention for potential biomedical applications based on cell-like biological functions. Inspired by leukocytes, hierarchical biointerfaces are designed and prepared based on specific molecules-modified leukocyte-inspired particles. These biointerfaces can efficiently recognize cancer cells from whole blood samples through the synergistic effect of molecular recognition and topographical interaction. Compared to flat, mono-micro or nano-biointerfaces, these micro/nano hierarchical biointerfaces are better able to promote specific recognition interactions, resulting in an enhanced cell-capture efficiency. It is anticipated that this study may provide promising guidance to develop new bio-inspired hierarchical biointerfaces for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxin Meng
- Laboratory of Bio-inspired Smart Interface Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
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94
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Fan M, Yan J, Tan H, Ben D, He Q, Huang Z, Hu X. Nanostructured Gel Scaffolds for Osteogenesis through Biological Assembly of Biopolymers via Specific Nucleobase Pairing. Macromol Biosci 2014; 14:1521-7. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201400320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 08/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Fan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanjing University of Science and Technology; Nanjing 210094 China
| | - Jingxuan Yan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanjing University of Science and Technology; Nanjing 210094 China
| | - Huaping Tan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanjing University of Science and Technology; Nanjing 210094 China
| | - Dandan Ben
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanjing University of Science and Technology; Nanjing 210094 China
| | - Qiuling He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanjing University of Science and Technology; Nanjing 210094 China
| | - Zhongwei Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering; Nanjing University of Science and Technology; Nanjing 210094 China
| | - Xiaohong Hu
- School of Material Engineering; Jinling Institute of Technology; Nanjing 211169 China
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95
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Hsiao YS, Luo SC, Hou S, Zhu B, Sekine J, Kuo CW, Chueh DY, Yu H, Tseng HR, Chen P. 3D bioelectronic interface: capturing circulating tumor cells onto conducting polymer-based micro/nanorod arrays with chemical and topographical control. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2014; 10:3012-7. [PMID: 24700425 PMCID: PMC4125486 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201400429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2014] [Revised: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The three-dimensional (3D) poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT)-based bioelectronic interfaces (BEIs) with diverse dimensional micro/nanorod array structures, varied surface chemical pro-perties, high electrical conductivity, reversible chemical redox switching, and high optical transparency are used for capturing circulating tumor cells (CTCs). Such 3D PEDOT-based BEIs can function as an efficient clinical diagonstic and therapeutic platform.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shyh-Chyang Luo
- Responsive Organic Materials Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198 (Japan)
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan (Taiwan)
| | - Shuang Hou
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging (CIMI), California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, 570 Westwood Plaza, Building 114, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1770 (USA)
| | - Bo Zhu
- Responsive Organic Materials Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198 (Japan)
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai (China)
| | - Jun Sekine
- Responsive Organic Materials Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198 (Japan)
| | - Chiung-Wen Kuo
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529 (Taiwan)
| | - Di-Yen Chueh
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529 (Taiwan)
| | - Hsiaohua Yu
- Fax: (+81) (0)48-462-1659, Web: http://www.riken.jp/lab/yuiru/,
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96
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Lee JE, Kwak JW, Park JW, Luo SC, Zhu B, Yu HH. Nanoscale Analysis of a Functionalized Polythiophene Surface by Adhesion Mapping. Anal Chem 2014; 86:6865-71. [DOI: 10.1021/ac500138x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Eun Lee
- Department
of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, San 31
Hyoja-dong, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Ju-Won Kwak
- Department
of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, San 31
Hyoja-dong, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Joon Won Park
- Department
of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, San 31
Hyoja-dong, Pohang 790-784, Korea
| | - Shyh-Chyang Luo
- Responsive Organic
Materials Laboratory, RIKEN 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Bo Zhu
- Responsive Organic
Materials Laboratory, RIKEN 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hsiao-hua Yu
- Responsive Organic
Materials Laboratory, RIKEN 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Institute
of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128 Academic Road Sec. 2, Nankang, Taipei 115, Taiwan
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97
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Cheng B, He Z, Zhao L, Fang Y, Chen Y, He R, Chen F, Song H, Deng Y, Zhao X, Xiong B. Transparent, biocompatible nanostructured surfaces for cancer cell capture and culture. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:2569-80. [PMID: 24904216 PMCID: PMC4039424 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s61233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the blood which have detached from both the primary tumor and any metastases may be considered as a “liquid biopsy” and are expected to replace tumor biopsies in the monitoring of treatment response and determining patient prognosis. Here, we introduce a facile and efficient CTC detection material made of hydroxyapatite/chitosan (HA/CTS), which is beneficial because of its transparency and excellent biological compatibility. Atomic force microscopy images show that the roughness of the HA/CTS nanofilm (HA/CTSNF) substrates can be controlled by changing the HA:CTS ratio. Enhanced local topographic interactions between nano-components on cancer cell membranes, and the antibody coated nanostructured substrate lead to improved CTC capture and separation. This remarkable nanostructured substrate has the potential for CTC culture in situ and merits further analysis. CTCs captured from artificial blood samples were observed in culture on HA/CTSNF substrates over a period of 14 days by using conventional staining methods (hematoxylin eosin and Wright’s stain). We conclude that these substrates are multifunctional materials capable of isolating and culturing CTCs for subsequent studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boran Cheng
- Department of Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaobo He
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Libo Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Fang
- Department of Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Department of Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongxiang He
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangfang Chen
- Department of Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Haibin Song
- Department of Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuliang Deng
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingzhong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Technology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Xiong
- Department of Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors, Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
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98
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Gach PC, Attayek PJ, Whittlesey RL, Yeh JJ, Allbritton NL. Micropallet arrays for the capture, isolation and culture of circulating tumor cells from whole blood of mice engrafted with primary human pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Biosens Bioelectron 2014; 54:476-83. [PMID: 24316450 PMCID: PMC3947965 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2013.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2013] [Revised: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are important biomarkers of cancer progression and metastatic potential. The rarity of CTCs in peripheral blood has driven the development of technologies to isolate these tumor cells with high specificity; however, there are limited techniques available for isolating target CTCs following enumeration. A strategy is described to capture and isolate viable tumor cells from whole blood using an array of releasable microstructures termed micropallets. Specific capture of nucleated cells or cells expressing epithelial cell adhesion molecules (EpCAM) was achieved by functionalizing micropallet surfaces with either fibronectin, Matrigel or anti-EpCAM antibody. Surface grafting of poly(acrylic acid) followed by covalent binding of protein A/G enabled efficient capture of EpCAM antibody on the micropallet surface. MCF-7 cells, a human breast adenocarcinoma, were retained on the array surface with 90±8% efficiency when using an anti-EpCAM-coated array. To demonstrate the efficiency of tumor cell retention on micropallet arrays in the presence of blood, MCF-7 cells were mixed into whole blood and added to small arrays (71 mm(2)) coated with fibronectin, Matrigel or anti-EpCAM. These approaches achieved MCF-7 cell capture from ≤10 µL of whole blood with efficiencies greater than 85%. Furthermore, MCF-7 cells intermixed with 1 mL blood and loaded onto large arrays (7171 mm(2)) were captured with high efficiencies (≥97%), could be isolated from the array by a laser-based approach and were demonstrated to yield a high rate of colony formation (≥85%) after removal from the array. Clinical utility of this technology was shown through the capture, isolation and successful culture of CTCs from the blood of mice engrafted with primary human pancreatic tumors. Direct capture and isolation of living tumor cells from blood followed by analysis or culture will be a valuable tool for cancer cell characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip C Gach
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Peter J Attayek
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States; Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States
| | - Rebecca L Whittlesey
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Jen Jen Yeh
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States; Department of Surgery, Division of surgical Oncology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States; Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Nancy L Allbritton
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States; Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States; Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, United States; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States; Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States.
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99
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Electrochemical sensor based on f-SWCNT and carboxylic group functionalized PEDOT for the sensitive determination of bisphenol A. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2013.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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100
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Yoon HJ, Kozminsky M, Nagrath S. Emerging role of nanomaterials in circulating tumor cell isolation and analysis. ACS NANO 2014; 8:1995-2017. [PMID: 24601556 PMCID: PMC4004319 DOI: 10.1021/nn5004277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are low frequency cells found in the bloodstream after having been shed from a primary tumor. These cells are research targets because of the information they may potentially provide about both an individual cancer as well as the mechanisms through which cancer spreads in the process of metastasis. Established technologies exist for CTC isolation, but the recent progress and future of this field lie in nanomaterials. In this review, we provide perspective into historical CTC capture as well as current research being conducted, emphasizing the significance of the materials being used to fabricate these devices. The modern investigation into CTCs initially featured techniques that have since been commercialized. A major innovation in the field was the development of a microfluidic capture device, first fabricated in silicon and followed up with glass and thermopolymer devices. We then specifically highlight the technologies incorporating magnetic nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, nanowires, nanopillars, nanofibers, and nanoroughened surfaces, graphene oxide and their fabrication methods. The nanoscale provides a new set of tools that has the potential to overcome current limitations associated with CTC capture and analysis. We believe the current trajectory of the field is in the direction of nanomaterials, allowing the improvements necessary to further CTC research.
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