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Hyaluronan-Based Nanohydrogels as Effective Carriers for Transdermal Delivery of Lipophilic Agents: Towards Transdermal Drug Administration in Neurological Disorders. NANOMATERIALS 2017; 7:nano7120427. [PMID: 29207551 PMCID: PMC5746917 DOI: 10.3390/nano7120427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We suggest a convenient nanoemulsion fabrication method to create hyaluronan (HA)-based nanohydrogels for effective transdermal delivery. First, hyaluronan-conjugated dodecylamine (HA-Do) HA-based polymers to load the lipophilic agents were synthesized with hyaluronan (HA) and dodecylamine (Do) by varying the substitution ratio of Do to HA. The synthetic yield of HA-Do was more than 80% (HA-Do (A): 82.7 ± 4.7%, HA-Do (B): 87.1 ± 3.9% and HA-Do (C): 81.4 ± 4.5%). Subsequently, nanohydrogels were fabricated using the nanoemulsion method. Indocyanine green (ICG) simultaneously self-assembled with HA-Do, and the size depended on the substitution ratio of Do in HA-Do (nanohydrogel (A): 118.0 ± 2.2 nm, nanohydrogel (B): 121.9 ± 11.4 nm, and nanohydrogel (C): 142.2 ± 3.8 nm). The nanohydrogels were delivered into cells, and had excellent biocompatibility. Especially, nanohydrogel (A) could deliver and permeate ICG into the deep skin layer, the dermis. This suggests that nanohydrogels can be potent transdermal delivery systems.
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Lau S, Fei J, Liu H, Chen W, Liu R. Multilayered pyramidal dissolving microneedle patches with flexible pedestals for improving effective drug delivery. J Control Release 2017; 265:113-119. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Polymer microneedles fabricated from alginate and hyaluronate for transdermal delivery of insulin. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 80:187-196. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.05.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Lee J, Kim DH, Lee KJ, Seo IH, Park SH, Jang EH, Park Y, Youn YN, Ryu W. Transfer-molded wrappable microneedle meshes for perivascular drug delivery. J Control Release 2017; 268:237-246. [PMID: 29030224 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
After surgical procedures such as coronary/peripheral bypass grafting or endarterectomy for the treatment of organ ischemia derived from atherosclerosis, intimal hyperplasia (IH) which leads to restenosis or occlusion at the site of graft anastomosis frequently occurs. In order to inhibit IH caused by abnormal growth of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in tunica media, various perivascular drug delivery devices are reported for delivery of anti-proliferation drugs into vascular tissue. However, there still remain conflicting requirements such as local and unidirectional delivery vs device porosity, and conformal tight device installation vs pulsatile expansion and constriction of blood vessels. In this study, a biodegradable microneedle (MN) array is developed on a flexible woven surgical mesh using a transfer molding method. Mechanical properties of 'wrappable' MN meshes are investigated and compared to the properties of blood vessels. Ex vivo and in vivo animal studies demonstrate enhanced drug delivery efficiency, efficacy for IH reduction, and safety of MN mesh. In particular, MN mesh showed significantly reduced neointiamal formation (11.1%) compared to other competitive groups (23.7 and 22.2%) after 4-week in vivo animal study. Additionally, wrappable MN meshes effectively suppressed side effects such as IH due to mechanical constriction, loss of toxic drug to the surroundings, and cell death that were frequently observed with other previous perivascular drug delivery devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- JiYong Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hyun Kim
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Ju Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Ho Seo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui Hwa Jang
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjoo Park
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Nam Youn
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - WonHyoung Ryu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
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Marshall S, Fleming A, Moore AC, Sahm LJ. Acceptability of microneedle-patch vaccines: A qualitative analysis of the opinions of parents. Vaccine 2017; 35:4896-4904. [PMID: 28780122 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.07.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vaccines incorporated into microneedle-based patch platforms offer advantages over conventional hypodermic injections. However, the success and clinical utility of these platforms will depend on its acceptance among stakeholders. Minimal focus has been placed on determining parents' acceptability of microneedle-patch vaccines intended for paediatric use. This qualitative study probes the perceived acceptability of microneedle technology for paediatric vaccination in a parent population. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY Focus groups (n=6) were convened through purposive sampling of Cork city primary schools. Discussions were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, anonymised, independently verified and analysed by thematic analysis, with constant comparison method applied throughout. RESULTS The opinions of 32 parents were included. All participants declared that their children were fully vaccinated. Five core themes were identified and defined as: (i) concern, (ii) suitability for paediatric use, (iii) potential for parental administration, (iv) the role of the healthcare professional and (v) special populations. Drivers for acceptance include; concerns with current vaccines and vaccination programmes; attributes of microneedle-patch (reduced pain, bleeding, fear and increased convenience) and endorsement by a healthcare professional. Barriers to acceptance include; lack of familiarity, concerns regarding feasibility and suitability in paediatrics, allergic potential, inability to confirm delivery and potential reduction in vaccine coverage. CONCLUSION This is the first study to explore parental acceptance of microneedle-patch vaccines. Capturing the opinions of parents, the ultimate decision makers in paediatric vaccination, is crucial in the understanding of the eventual uptake of microneedle technology and therefore adds to literature currently available. This study has revealed that even "vaccine-acceptors"; parents who agree with, or do not question vaccination, will question the safety and efficacy of this novel method. Participants in this study remained tentative. However, the study has also revealed that endorsement by healthcare professionals could reduce this tentativeness, thereby identifying the role of healthcare professionals in disseminating information and providing support to parents. An increased awareness of developments in microneedle technology is needed to permit informed decision-making by parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Marshall
- School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
| | - A Fleming
- School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Pharmacy, Mercy University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - A C Moore
- School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - L J Sahm
- School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Department of Pharmacy, Mercy University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
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Transdermal delivery of gentamicin using dissolving microneedle arrays for potential treatment of neonatal sepsis. J Control Release 2017; 265:30-40. [PMID: 28754611 PMCID: PMC5736097 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Neonatal infections are a leading cause of childhood mortality in low-resource settings. World Health Organization guidelines for outpatient treatment of possible serious bacterial infection (PSBI) in neonates and young infants when referral for hospital treatment is not feasible include intramuscular gentamicin (GEN) and oral amoxicillin. GEN is supplied as an aqueous solution of gentamicin sulphate in vials or ampoules and requires health care workers to be trained in dose calculation or selection of an appropriate dose based on the patient's weight band and to have access to safe injection supplies and appropriate sharps disposal. A simplified formulation, packaging, and delivery method to treat PSBI in low-resource settings could decrease user error and expand access to lifesaving outpatient antibiotic treatment for infants with severe infection during the neonatal period. We developed dissolving polymeric microneedles (MN) arrays to deliver GEN transdermally. MN arrays were produced from aqueous blends containing 30% (w/w) of GEN and two polymers approved by the US Food and Drug Administration: sodium hyaluronate and poly(vinylpyrrolidone). The arrays (19 × 19 needles and 500 μm height) were mechanically strong and were able to penetrate a skin simulant to a depth of 378 μm. The MN arrays were tested in vitro using a Franz Cell setup delivering approximately 4.45 mg of GEN over 6 h. Finally, three different doses (low, medium, and high) of GEN delivered by MN arrays were tested in an animal model. Maximum plasma levels of GEN were dose-dependent and ranged between 2 and 5 μg/mL. The time required to reach these levels post-MN array application ranged between 1 and 6 h. This work demonstrated the potential of dissolving MN arrays to deliver GEN transdermally at therapeutic levels in vivo.
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57
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Leone M, Mönkäre J, Bouwstra JA, Kersten G. Dissolving Microneedle Patches for Dermal Vaccination. Pharm Res 2017; 34:2223-2240. [PMID: 28718050 PMCID: PMC5643353 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-017-2223-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The dermal route is an attractive route for vaccine delivery due to the easy skin accessibility and a dense network of immune cells in the skin. The development of microneedles is crucial to take advantage of the skin immunization and simultaneously to overcome problems related to vaccination by conventional needles (e.g. pain, needle-stick injuries or needle re-use). This review focuses on dissolving microneedles that after penetration into the skin dissolve releasing the encapsulated antigen. The microneedle patch fabrication techniques and their challenges are discussed as well as the microneedle characterization methods and antigen stability aspects. The immunogenicity of antigens formulated in dissolving microneedles are addressed. Finally, the early clinical development is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Leone
- Division of Drug Delivery Technology, Cluster BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - J Mönkäre
- Division of Drug Delivery Technology, Cluster BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - J A Bouwstra
- Division of Drug Delivery Technology, Cluster BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA, Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - G Kersten
- Division of Drug Delivery Technology, Cluster BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Department of Analytical Development and Formulation, Intravacc, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
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58
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Zhang X, Guo S, Han Y, Li J, Wang E. Beyond Conventional Patterns: New Electrochemical Lithography with High Precision for Patterned Film Materials and Wearable Sensors. Anal Chem 2017; 89:2569-2574. [PMID: 28192908 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We report a simple, low-cost, and brand-new electrochemical lithography technique for replicating the template pattern with high resolution at ∼2 μm. The developed method is that the electroactive material is first deposited on the patterned conductive template by the electrochemical technique and then peeled by an adhesive tape/material. The resulting film with the precise pattern shows excellent mechanical and electronic properties and promises high prospect in designing flexible electronics. This interesting approach can be performed at ambient conditions and easily generalized to pattern various electroactive materials covering metal, alloy, nonmetal, salt, oxide, and composite on different types of substrates in several seconds to a few minutes, making the mass production of flexible/rigid/stretchable patterned thin films quite possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun, Jilin 130022, China.,Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100039, P. R. China
| | - Shaojun Guo
- College of Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yanchao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun, Jilin 130022, China.,Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100039, P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun, Jilin 130022, China.,Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100039, P. R. China
| | - Erkang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun, Jilin 130022, China.,Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100039, P. R. China
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59
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Spin coating of polymer solution on polydimethylsiloxane mold for fabrication of microneedle patch. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2016.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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60
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Xu B, Jiang G, Yu W, Liu D, Zhang Y, Zhou J, Sun S, Liu Y. H2O2-Responsive mesoporous silica nanoparticles integrated with microneedle patches for the glucose-monitored transdermal delivery of insulin. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:8200-8208. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb02082a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
We successfully developed a microneedle patch system integrated with H2O2-responsive mesoporous silica nanoparticles for the glucose-monitored transdermal delivery of insulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xu
- Department of Polymer Materials
- Zhejiang Sci Tech University
- Hangzhou 310018
- China
| | - Guohua Jiang
- Department of Polymer Materials
- Zhejiang Sci Tech University
- Hangzhou 310018
- China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology (Zhejiang)
| | - Weijiang Yu
- Department of Polymer Materials
- Zhejiang Sci Tech University
- Hangzhou 310018
- China
| | - Depeng Liu
- Department of Polymer Materials
- Zhejiang Sci Tech University
- Hangzhou 310018
- China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Polymer Materials
- Zhejiang Sci Tech University
- Hangzhou 310018
- China
| | - Junyi Zhou
- Department of Polymer Materials
- Zhejiang Sci Tech University
- Hangzhou 310018
- China
| | - Shiqing Sun
- Department of Polymer Materials
- Zhejiang Sci Tech University
- Hangzhou 310018
- China
| | - Yongkun Liu
- Department of Polymer Materials
- Zhejiang Sci Tech University
- Hangzhou 310018
- China
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Abstract
Recently, there has been an emerging interest in controlling 3D structures and designing novel 3D shapes for drug carriers at nano- and micro-scales. Certain 3D shapes and structures of drug particles enable transportation of the drugs to desired areas of the body, allow drugs to target specific cells and tissues, and influence release kinetics. Advanced nano- and micro-manufacturing methods including 3D printing, photolithography-based processes, microfluidics and DNA origami have been developed to generate defined 3D shapes and structures for drug carriers. This paper reviews the importance of 3D structures and shapes on controlled drug delivery, and the current state-of-the-art technologies that allow the creation of novel 3D drug carriers at nano- and micro-scales.
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62
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Bae H, Lee BH, Lee D, Seol ML, Kim D, Han JW, Kim CK, Jeon SB, Ahn D, Park SJ, Park JY, Choi YK. Physically Transient Memory on a Rapidly Dissoluble Paper for Security Application. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38324. [PMID: 27917910 PMCID: PMC5137035 DOI: 10.1038/srep38324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the transient memory device by means of a water soluble SSG (solid sodium with glycerine) paper. This material has a hydroscopic property hence it can be soluble in water. In terms of physical security of memory devices, prompt abrogation of a memory device which stored a large number of data is crucial when it is stolen because all of things have identified information in the memory device. By utilizing the SSG paper as a substrate, we fabricated a disposable resistive random access memory (RRAM) which has good data retention of longer than 106 seconds and cycling endurance of 300 cycles. This memory device is dissolved within 10 seconds thus it can never be recovered or replicated. By employing direct printing but not lithography technology to aim low cost and disposable applications, the memory capacity tends to be limited less than kilo-bits. However, unlike high memory capacity demand for consumer electronics, the proposed device is targeting for security applications. With this regards, the sub-kilobit memory capacity should find the applications such as one-time usable personal identification, authentication code storage, cryptography key, and smart delivery tag. This aspect is attractive for security and protection system against unauthorized accessibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hagyoul Bae
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Byung-Hyun Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Dongil Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Myeong-Lok Seol
- Center for Nanotechnology, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94035, United States
| | - Daewon Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Han
- Center for Nanotechnology, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California 94035, United States
| | - Choong-Ki Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Seung-Bae Jeon
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Daechul Ahn
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Sang-Jae Park
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Jun-Young Park
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
| | - Yang-Kyu Choi
- School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea
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63
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Peng H, Rübsam K, Jakob F, Schwaneberg U, Pich A. Tunable Enzymatic Activity and Enhanced Stability of Cellulase Immobilized in Biohybrid Nanogels. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:3619-3631. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b01119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Peng
- DWI-Leibniz Institute
for Interactive Materials e.V., Aachen, Germany
| | - Kristin Rübsam
- DWI-Leibniz Institute
for Interactive Materials e.V., Aachen, Germany
| | - Felix Jakob
- DWI-Leibniz Institute
for Interactive Materials e.V., Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Andrij Pich
- DWI-Leibniz Institute
for Interactive Materials e.V., Aachen, Germany
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64
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Johnson AR, Caudill CL, Tumbleston JR, Bloomquist CJ, Moga KA, Ermoshkin A, Shirvanyants D, Mecham SJ, Luft JC, DeSimone JM. Single-Step Fabrication of Computationally Designed Microneedles by Continuous Liquid Interface Production. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0162518. [PMID: 27607247 PMCID: PMC5015976 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Microneedles, arrays of micron-sized needles that painlessly puncture the skin, enable transdermal delivery of medications that are difficult to deliver using more traditional routes. Many important design parameters, such as microneedle size, shape, spacing, and composition, are known to influence efficacy, but are notoriously difficult to alter due to the complex nature of microfabrication techniques. Herein, we utilize a novel additive manufacturing (“3D printing”) technique called Continuous Liquid Interface Production (CLIP) to rapidly prototype sharp microneedles with tuneable geometries (size, shape, aspect ratio, spacing). This technology allows for mold-independent, one-step manufacturing of microneedle arrays of virtually any design in less than 10 minutes per patch. Square pyramidal CLIP microneedles composed of trimethylolpropane triacrylate, polyacrylic acid and photopolymerizable derivatives of polyethylene glycol and polycaprolactone were fabricated to demonstrate the range of materials that can be utilized within this platform for encapsulating and controlling the release of therapeutics. These CLIP microneedles effectively pierced murine skin ex vivo and released the fluorescent drug surrogate rhodamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley R. Johnson
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Cassie L. Caudill
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27510, United States of America
| | | | - Cameron J. Bloomquist
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27510, United States of America
| | - Katherine A. Moga
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | | | | | - Sue J. Mecham
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center Institute for Nanomedicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - J. Christopher Luft
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27510, United States of America
| | - Joseph M. DeSimone
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 27510, United States of America
- Carbon, Redwood City, California, United States of America
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center Institute for Nanomedicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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65
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Microfabrication for Drug Delivery. MATERIALS 2016; 9:ma9080646. [PMID: 28773770 PMCID: PMC5509096 DOI: 10.3390/ma9080646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This review is devoted to discussing the application of microfabrication technologies to target challenges encountered in life processes by the development of drug delivery systems. Recently, microfabrication has been largely applied to solve health and pharmaceutical science issues. In particular, fabrication methods along with compatible materials have been successfully designed to produce multifunctional, highly effective drug delivery systems. Microfabrication offers unique tools that can tackle problems in this field, such as ease of mass production with high quality control and low cost, complexity of architecture design and a broad range of materials. Presented is an overview of silicon- and polymer-based fabrication methods that are key in the production of microfabricated drug delivery systems. Moreover, the efforts focused on studying the biocompatibility of materials used in microfabrication are analyzed. Finally, this review discusses representative ways microfabrication has been employed to develop systems delivering drugs through the transdermal and oral route, and to improve drug eluting implants. Additionally, microfabricated vaccine delivery systems are presented due to the great impact they can have in obtaining a cold chain-free vaccine, with long-term stability. Microfabrication will continue to offer new, alternative solutions for the development of smart, advanced drug delivery systems.
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66
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DeSimone JM. Co-opting Moore's law: Therapeutics, vaccines and interfacially active particles manufactured via PRINT®. J Control Release 2016; 240:541-543. [PMID: 27423326 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticle properties such as size, shape, deformability, and surface chemistry all play a role in nanomedicine drug delivery. While many studies address the behavior of particle systems in a biological setting, revealing how these properties work together presents unique challenges on the nanoscale. Particle replication in non-wetting templates (PRINT®) is one molding technique that allows for fabrication of "calibration quality" micro and nanoparticles with independent control over their physical parameters. As the only technology in the world capable of independently optimizing and robustly manufacturing GMP compliant precision particles of virtually any size, shape, and composition, the PRINT technology has the capability to engineer the future of healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M DeSimone
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, NC State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; Sloan-Kettering Institute for Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA.
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67
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Juang YJ, Deng YL, Lee IC. Membrane filtration: An unconventional route for fabrication of the flexible and dissolvable, polymer microneedle patches. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2016; 10:044108. [PMID: 27570573 PMCID: PMC4975748 DOI: 10.1063/1.4960206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Utilization of dissolvable, polymer microneedles (MNs) for transdermal drug delivery offers many advantages such as being painless to patients, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and active and controlled drug release. There are many different approaches for fabrication of such MNs; however, most of them still suffer from tedious procedures, stringent fabrication conditions, expensive equipment, or substantially long processing time. In this work, we applied membrane filtration to fabricate dissolvable, polymer MNs. The polydimethylsiloxane mold having pyramidal wells with through holes was constructed and placed on top a filter membrane. The polymer solution was then dispensed on top of the mold, followed by turning on the vacuum for filtration. It was found that, when using 22% polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) solution with molecular weight of 360 000 g/mol, the PVP MNs were obtained within 1 h, which is relatively short time compared to the conventional methods like casting in conjunction with vacuum or centrifugation. Moreover, the MNs as fabricated possessed the similar mechanical strength compared to those by conventional methods and were able to penetrate the rat ear skin with a high insertion ratio. The proposed technique provides an attractive alternative to fabricate dissolvable and flexible, polymer MNs with a simple setup and easy procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yu-Luen Deng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University , No.1 University Road, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - I-Chi Lee
- Graduate Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering, Chang Gung University , 259 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
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68
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Loizidou EZ, Inoue NT, Ashton-Barnett J, Barrow DA, Allender CJ. Evaluation of geometrical effects of microneedles on skin penetration by CT scan and finite element analysis. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2016; 107:1-6. [PMID: 27373753 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2016.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Computerized tomography scan (CT scan) imaging and finite element analysis were employed to investigate how the geometric composition of microneedles affects their mechanical strength and penetration characteristics. Simulations of microneedle arrays, comprising triangular, square and hexagonal microneedle base, revealed a linear dependence of the mechanical strength to the number of vertices in the polygon base. A laser-enabled, micromoulding technique was then used to fabricate 3×3 microneedle arrays, each individual microneedle having triangular, square or hexagonal base geometries. Their penetration characteristics into ex-vivo porcine skin, were investigated for the first time by CT scan imaging. This revealed greater penetration depths for the triangular and square-based microneedles, demonstrating CT scan as a powerful and reliable technique for studying microneedle skin penetration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eriketi Z Loizidou
- School of Pharmacy, Cardiff University, CF10 3NB, United Kingdom; School of Science and Technology, Middlesex University, NW4 4BT, United Kingdom.
| | - Nicholas T Inoue
- School of Engineering, Cardiff University, CF24 3AA, United Kingdom
| | | | - David A Barrow
- School of Engineering, Cardiff University, CF24 3AA, United Kingdom.
| | - Chris J Allender
- School of Pharmacy, Cardiff University, CF10 3NB, United Kingdom.
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69
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Marshall S, Sahm LJ, Moore AC. The success of microneedle-mediated vaccine delivery into skin. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2016; 12:2975-2983. [PMID: 27050528 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2016.1171440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Microneedles (MNs) are designed to specifically target the outermost, skin barrier layer, the stratum corneum, creating transient pathways for minimally invasive transcutaneous delivery. It is reported that MNs can facilitate delivery without stimulating the pain receptors or damaging blood vessels that lie beneath, thus being perceived as painless and associated with reduced bleeding. This immunocompetence of the skin, coupled with its ease of access, makes this organ an attractive vaccination site. The purpose of this review was to collate primary scientific literature pertaining to MN-mediated in vivo vaccination programmes. A total of 62 original research articles are presented, compiling vaccination strategies in 6 different models (mouse, rat, guinea pig, rabbit, pig, macaque and human). Vaccines tested span a wide range of viral, bacterial and protozoan pathogens and includes 7 of the 13 vaccine-preventable diseases, as defined by the WHO. This review highlights the paucity of available clinical trial data. MN-delivered vaccines have demonstrated safety and immunogenicity in pre-clinical models and boast desirable attributes such as painless administration, thermostability, dose-sparing capacity and the potential for self-administration. These advantages should contribute to enhanced global vaccine access.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Marshall
- a School of Pharmacy, University College Cork , Cork , Ireland
| | - Laura J Sahm
- a School of Pharmacy, University College Cork , Cork , Ireland.,b Department of Pharmacy , Mercy University Hospital , Cork , Ireland
| | - Anne C Moore
- a School of Pharmacy, University College Cork , Cork , Ireland.,c Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics , University College Cork , Cork , Ireland
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70
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Xiang Z, Liu J, Lee C. A flexible three-dimensional electrode mesh: An enabling technology for wireless brain-computer interface prostheses. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2016; 2:16012. [PMID: 31057819 PMCID: PMC6444742 DOI: 10.1038/micronano.2016.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2015] [Revised: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The neural interface is a key component in wireless brain-computer prostheses. In this study, we demonstrate that a unique three-dimensional (3D) microneedle electrode on a flexible mesh substrate, which can be fabricated without complicated micromachining techniques, is conformal to the tissues with minimal invasiveness. Furthermore, we demonstrate that it can be applied to different functional layers in the nervous system without length limitation. The microneedle electrode is fabricated using drawing lithography technology from biocompatible materials. In this approach, the profile of a 3D microneedle electrode array is determined by the design of a two-dimensional (2D) pattern on the mask, which can be used to access different functional layers in different locations of the brain. Due to the sufficient stiffness of the electrode and the excellent flexibility of the mesh substrate, the electrode can penetrate into the tissue with its bottom layer fully conformal to the curved brain surface. Then, the exposed contact at the end of the microneedle electrode can successfully acquire neural signals from the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuolin Xiang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- Singapore Institute for Neurotechnology (SINAPSE), National University of Singapore, 28 Medical Drive, #05-COR, Singapore 117456, Singapore
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- NUS Suzhou Research Institute (NUSRI), Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jingquan Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication, Department of Micro/NanoElectronics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chengkuo Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- Singapore Institute for Neurotechnology (SINAPSE), National University of Singapore, 28 Medical Drive, #05-COR, Singapore 117456, Singapore
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- NUS Suzhou Research Institute (NUSRI), Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, China
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71
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Takahashi H, Jung Heo Y, Arakawa N, Kan T, Matsumoto K, Kawano R, Shimoyama I. Scalable fabrication of microneedle arrays via spatially controlled UV exposure. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2016; 2:16049. [PMID: 31057837 PMCID: PMC6444715 DOI: 10.1038/micronano.2016.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 06/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes a theoretical estimation of the geometry of negative epoxy-resist microneedles prepared via inclined/rotated ultraviolet (UV) lithography based on spatially controlled UV exposure doses. In comparison with other methods based on UV lithography, the present method can create microneedle structures with high scalability. When negative photoresist is exposed to inclined/rotated UV through circular mask patterns, a three-dimensional, needle-shaped distribution of the exposure dose forms in the irradiated region. Controlling the inclination angles and the exposure dose modifies the photo-polymerized portion of the photoresist, thus allowing the variation of the heights and contours of microneedles formed by using the same mask patterns. In an experimental study, the dimensions of the fabricated needles agreed well with the theoretical predictions for varying inclination angles and exposure doses. These results demonstrate that our theoretical approach can provide a simple route for fabricating microneedles with on-demand geometry. The fabricated microneedles can be used as solid microneedles or as a mold master for dissolving microneedles, thus simplifying the microneedle fabrication process. We envision that this method can improve fabrication accuracy and reduce fabrication cost and time, thereby facilitating the practical applications of microneedle-based drug delivery technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetoshi Takahashi
- Department of Mechano-Informatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, the University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Yun Jung Heo
- Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei-shi, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
- ()
| | - Nobuchika Arakawa
- Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei-shi, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Tesuo Kan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Intelligent Systems, Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, the University of Electro-Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofu-shi, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Matsumoto
- IRT Research Initiative, the University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Ryuji Kawano
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei-shi, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
| | - Isao Shimoyama
- Department of Mechano-Informatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, the University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- IRT Research Initiative, the University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- ()
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72
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Suh D, Tak H, Choi SJ, Kim TI. Permeability- and Surface-Energy-Tunable Polyurethane Acrylate Molds for Capillary Force Lithography. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:23824-23830. [PMID: 26415135 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b06975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A permeability- and surface-energy-controllable polyurethane acrylate (PUA) mold, a "capillary-force material (CFM)" mold, is introduced for capillary-force lithography (CFL). In CFL, the surface energy and gas permeability of the mold are crucial. However, the modulation of these two main factors at a time is difficult. Here, we introduce new CFM molds in which the surface energy and permeability can be modified by controlling the degree of cross-linking of the CFM. As the degree of cross-linking of the CFM mold increases, the surface energy and air permeability decrease. The high average functionality of the mold material makes it possible to produce patterns relatively finely and rapidly due to the high rate of capillary rise and stiffness, and the low functionality allows for patterns to form on a curved surface with conformal contact. CFMs with different functionality and controllable-interfacial properties will extend the capabilities of capillary force lithography to overcome the geometric limitations of patterning on a scale below 100 nm and micro- and nanopatterning on the curved region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongchul Suh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hoseo University , Asan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 31499, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyowon Tak
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research (CNIR), Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU) , Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - Se-jin Choi
- MCNet Company, Limited , Dangjeong-dong, Gunpo-si, Gyeonggi-do 435-030, Korea
| | - Tae-il Kim
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research (CNIR), Institute for Basic Science (IBS) , Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU) , Suwon 440-746, Korea
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73
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Aghazadeh-Habashi A, Yang Y, Tang K, Lőbenberg R, Doschak MR. Transdermal drug delivery: feasibility for treatment of superficial bone stress fractures. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2015; 5:540-51. [DOI: 10.1007/s13346-015-0257-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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74
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Rapid implantation of dissolving microneedles on an electrospun pillar array. Biomaterials 2015; 64:70-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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75
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Kim M, Yang H, Kim S, Lee C, Jung H. The Troy Microneedle: A Rapidly Separating, Dissolving Microneedle Formed by Cyclic Contact and Drying on the Pillar (CCDP). PLoS One 2015; 10:e0136513. [PMID: 26308945 PMCID: PMC4550382 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In dissolving microneedle (DMN)-mediated therapy, complete and rapid delivery of DMNs is critical for the desired efficacy. Traditional patch-based DMN delivery, however, may fail due to incomplete delivery from insufficient skin insertion or rapid separation of microneedles due to their strong bond to the backing film. Here, we introduce the Troy microneedle, which was created by cyclic contact and drying on the pillar (CCDP), and which enabled simultaneous complete and rapid delivery of DMN. This CCDP process could be flexibly repeated to achieve a specific desired drug dose in a DMN. We evaluated DMN separation using agarose gel, and the Troy microneedle achieved more complete and rapid separation than other, more deeply dipped DMN, primarily because of the Troy’s minimal junction between the DMN and pillar. When Troy microneedles were applied to pig cadaver skin, it took only 15 s for over 90% of encapsulated rhodamine B to be delivered, compared to 2 h with application of a traditional DMN patch. In vivo skin penetration studies demonstrated rapid DMN-separation of Troy microneedles still in solid form before dissolution. The Troy microneedle overcomes critical issues associated with the low penetration efficiency of flat patch-based DMN and provides an innovative route for DMN-mediated therapy, combining patient convenience with the desire drug efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroo Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Huisuk Yang
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suyong Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chisong Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungil Jung
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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76
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Cai B, Xia W, Bredenberg S, Li H, Engqvist H. Bioceramic microneedles with flexible and self-swelling substrate. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2015; 94:404-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2015.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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77
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Beletskii A, Galloway A, Rele S, Stone M, Malinoski F. Engineered PRINT(®) nanoparticles for controlled delivery of antigens and immunostimulants. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2015; 10:1908-13. [PMID: 25424798 DOI: 10.4161/hv.28817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Particle replication in non-wetting templates (PRINT) is a novel nanoparticle platform that provides compositional flexibility with the ability to specify size and shape in formulating vaccines. The PRINT platform also offers manufacturing and cost advantages over traditional particle technologies. Across multiple antigen and adjuvant formulations, robust antibody and cellular responses have been achieved using PRINT particles in mouse models. Preclinical studies applying PRINT technology in the disease areas of influenza, malaria, and pneumonia are described in this commentary. The proof of principle studies pave the way toward significant cost-effective solutions to global vaccine supply needs.
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78
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Pauly AC, Schöller K, Baumann L, Rossi RM, Dustmann K, Ziener U, de Courten D, Wolf M, Boesel LF, Scherer LJ. ATRP-based synthesis and characterization of light-responsive coatings for transdermal delivery systems. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2015; 16:034604. [PMID: 27877791 PMCID: PMC5099828 DOI: 10.1088/1468-6996/16/3/034604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The grafting of poly(hydroxyethylmethacrylate) on polymeric porous membranes via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and subsequent modification with a photo-responsive spiropyran derivative is described. This method leads to photo-responsive membranes with desirable properties such as light-controlled permeability changes, exceptional photo-stability and repeatability of the photo-responsive switching. Conventional track etched polyester membranes were first treated with plasma polymer coating introducing anchoring groups, which allowed the attachment of ATRP-initiator molecules on the membrane surface. Surface initiated ARGET-ATRP of hydroxyethylmethacrylate (where ARGET stands for activator regenerated by electron transfer) leads to a membrane covered with a polymer layer, whereas the controlled polymerization procedure allows good control over the thickness of the polymer layer in respect to the polymerization conditions. Therefore, the final permeability of the membranes could be tailored by choice of pore diameter of the initial membranes, applied monomer concentration or polymerization time. Moreover a remarkable switch in permeability (more than 1000%) upon irradiation with UV-light could be achieved. These properties enable possible applications in the field of transdermal drug delivery, filtration, or sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja C Pauly
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Protection and Physiology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Katrin Schöller
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Protection and Physiology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Lukas Baumann
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Protection and Physiology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - René M Rossi
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Protection and Physiology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Kathrin Dustmann
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Protection and Physiology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
- Ulm University, Institute of Organic Chemistry III, Macromolecular Chemistry and Organic Materials, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Ulrich Ziener
- Ulm University, Institute of Organic Chemistry III, Macromolecular Chemistry and Organic Materials, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Damien de Courten
- Division of Neonatology, University Hospital Zürich, Frauenklinikstrasse 10, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Wolf
- Division of Neonatology, University Hospital Zürich, Frauenklinikstrasse 10, 8091 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Luciano F Boesel
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Protection and Physiology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Lukas J Scherer
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Protection and Physiology, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
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79
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A patchless dissolving microneedle delivery system enabling rapid and efficient transdermal drug delivery. Sci Rep 2015; 5:7914. [PMID: 25604728 PMCID: PMC4300505 DOI: 10.1038/srep07914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Dissolving microneedles (DMNs) are polymeric, microscopic needles that deliver encapsulated drugs in a minimally invasive manner. Currently, DMN arrays are superimposed onto patches that facilitate their insertion into skin. However, due to wide variations in skin elasticity and the amount of hair on the skin, the arrays fabricated on the patch are often not completely inserted and large amount of loaded materials are not delivered. Here, we report “Microlancer”, a novel micropillar based system by which patients can self-administer DMNs and which would also be capable of achieving 97 ± 2% delivery efficiency of the loaded drugs regardless of skin type or the amount of hair on the skin in less than a second.
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80
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Ho D, Zou J, Zdyrko B, Iyer KS, Luzinov I. Capillary force lithography: the versatility of this facile approach in developing nanoscale applications. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:401-414. [PMID: 25331773 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr03565h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Since its inception as a simple, low cost alternative to more complicated lithographic techniques such as electron-beam and dip-pen lithography, capillary force lithography (CFL) has developed into a versatile tool to form sub-100 nm patterns. Utilizing the concept of a polymer melt, structures and devices generated by the technique have been used in applications varying from surfaces regulating cell growth to gas sensing. In this review, we discuss various CFL methodologies which have evolved, their application in both biological and non-biological research, and finally a brief outlook in areas of research where CFL is destined to make an enormous impact in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Ho
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Perth, Australia.
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81
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Xue P, Zhang X, Chuah YJ, Wu Y, Kang Y. Flexible PEGDA-based microneedle patches with detachable PVP–CD arrowheads for transdermal drug delivery. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra09329e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A polymer-based microneedle patch with drug-loaded and detachable arrowhead tips for transdermal drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xue
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 637459
- Singapore
| | - Xuyang Zhang
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 637459
- Singapore
| | - Yon Jin Chuah
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 637459
- Singapore
| | - Yafeng Wu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 637459
- Singapore
| | - Yuejun Kang
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore 637459
- Singapore
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82
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Wang Q, Yao G, Dong P, Gong Z, Li G, Zhang K, Wu C. Investigation on fabrication process of dissolving microneedle arrays to improve effective needle drug distribution. Eur J Pharm Sci 2014; 66:148-56. [PMID: 25446513 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2014.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Revised: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The dissolving microneedle array (DMNA) offers a novel potential approach for transdermal delivery of biological macromolecular drugs and vaccines, because it can be as efficient as hypodermic injection and as safe and patient compliant as conventional transdermal delivery. However, effective needle drug distribution is the main challenge for clinical application of DMNA. This study focused on the mechanism and control of drug diffusion inside DMNA during the fabrication process in order to improve the drug delivery efficiency. The needle drug loading proportion (NDP) in DMNAs was measured to determine the influences of drug concentration gradient, needle drying step, excipients, and solvent of the base solution on drug diffusion and distribution. The results showed that the evaporation of base solvent was the key factor determining NDP. Slow evaporation of water from the base led to gradual increase of viscosity, and an approximate drug concentration equilibrium was built between the needle and base portions, resulting in NDP as low as about 6%. When highly volatile ethanol was used as the base solvent, the viscosity in the base rose quickly, resulting in NDP more than 90%. Ethanol as base solvent did not impact the insertion capability of DMNAs, but greatly increased the in vitro drug release and transdermal delivery from DMNAs. Furthermore, the drug diffusion process during DMNA fabrication was thoroughly investigated for the first time, and the outcomes can be applied to most two-step molding processes and optimization of the DMNA fabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Gangtao Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pin Dong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zihua Gong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ge Li
- Guangzhou Neworld Co. Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Kejian Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuanbin Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; GuangDong Research Center for Drug Delivery Systems, Guangzhou, China.
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Kim HJ, Zhang K, Moore L, Ho D. Diamond nanogel-embedded contact lenses mediate lysozyme-dependent therapeutic release. ACS NANO 2014; 8:2998-3005. [PMID: 24506583 PMCID: PMC4004290 DOI: 10.1021/nn5002968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Temporarily implanted devices, such as drug-loaded contact lenses, are emerging as the preferred treatment method for ocular diseases like glaucoma. Localizing the delivery of glaucoma drugs, such as timolol maleate (TM), can minimize adverse effects caused by systemic administration. Although eye drops and drug-soaked lenses allow for local treatment, their utility is limited by burst release and a lack of sustained therapeutic delivery. Additionally, wet transportation and storage of drug-soaked lenses result in drug loss due to elution from the lenses. Here we present a nanodiamond (ND)-embedded contact lens capable of lysozyme-triggered release of TM for sustained therapy. We find that ND-embedded lenses composed of enzyme-cleavable polymers allow for controlled and sustained release of TM in the presence of lysozyme. Retention of drug activity is verified in primary human trabecular meshwork cells. These results demonstrate the translational potential of an ND-embedded lens capable of drug sequestration and enzyme activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Joong Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Kangyi Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Laura Moore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Dean Ho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Robert H Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
- Institute for Biotechnology in Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
- Address correspondence to
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Schoellhammer CM, Blankschtein D, Langer R. Skin permeabilization for transdermal drug delivery: recent advances and future prospects. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2014; 11:393-407. [PMID: 24392787 PMCID: PMC3980659 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2014.875528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Transdermal delivery has potential advantages over other routes of administration. It could reduce first-pass metabolism associated with oral delivery and is less painful than injections. However, the outermost layer of the skin, the stratum corneum (SC), limits passive diffusion to small lipophilic molecules. Therefore, methods are needed to safely permeabilize the SC so that ionic and larger molecules may be delivered transdermally. AREAS COVERED This review focuses on low-frequency sonophoresis, microneedles, electroporation and iontophoresis, and combinations of these methods to permeabilize the SC. The mechanisms of enhancements and developments in the last 5 years are discussed. Potentially high-impact applications, including protein delivery, vaccination and sensing are presented. Finally, commercial interest and clinical trials are discussed. EXPERT OPINION Not all permeabilization methods are appropriate for all applications. Focused studies into applications utilizing the advantages of each method are needed. The total dose and kinetics of delivery must be considered. Vaccination is one application where permeabilization methods could make an impact. Protein delivery and analyte sensing are also areas of potential impact, although the amount of material that can be delivered (or extracted) is of critical importance. Additional work on the miniaturization of these technologies will help to increase commercial interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl M Schoellhammer
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering , Room 76-661, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139 , USA +1 617 253 3107 ; +1 617 258 8827 ;
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Xiang Z, Wang H, Pant A, Pastorin G, Lee C. Development of vertical SU-8 microneedles for transdermal drug delivery by double drawing lithography technology. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2013; 7:66501. [PMID: 24396551 PMCID: PMC3869848 DOI: 10.1063/1.4843475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Polymer-based microneedles have drawn much attention in transdermal drug delivery resulting from their flexibility and biocompatibility. Traditional fabrication approaches are usually time-consuming and expensive. In this study, we developed a new double drawing lithography technology to make biocompatible SU-8 microneedles for transdermal drug delivery applications. These microneedles are strong enough to stand force from both vertical direction and planar direction during penetration. They can be used to penetrate into the skin easily and deliver drugs to the tissues under it. By controlling the delivery speed lower than 2 μl/min per single microneedle, the delivery rate can be as high as 71%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuolin Xiang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore, Singapore 117576 ; Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 24, Singapore, Singapore 117543
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore, Singapore 117576
| | - Aakanksha Pant
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 24, Singapore, Singapore 117543
| | - Giorgia Pastorin
- Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 24, Singapore, Singapore 117543
| | - Chengkuo Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore, Singapore 117576
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