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Pan TC, Zhang RZ, Sudano DG, Marie SK, Bönnemann CG, Chu ML. New molecular mechanism for Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy: a heterozygous in-frame deletion in the COL6A1 gene causes a severe phenotype. Am J Hum Genet 2003; 73:355-69. [PMID: 12840783 PMCID: PMC1180372 DOI: 10.1086/377107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2003] [Accepted: 05/21/2003] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Recessive mutations in two of the three collagen VI genes, COL6A2 and COL6A3, have recently been shown to cause Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy (UCMD), a frequently severe disorder characterized by congenital muscle weakness with joint contractures and coexisting distal joint hyperlaxity. Dominant mutations in all three collagen VI genes had previously been associated with the considerably milder Bethlem myopathy. Here we report that a de novo heterozygous deletion of the COL6A1 gene can also result in a severe phenotype of classical UCMD precluding ambulation. The internal gene deletion occurs near a minisatellite DNA sequence in intron 8 that removes 1.1 kb of genomic DNA encompassing exons 9 and 10. The resulting mutant chain contains a 33-amino acid deletion near the amino-terminus of the triple-helical domain but preserves a unique cysteine in the triple-helical domain important for dimer formation prior to secretion. Thus, dimer formation and secretion of abnormal tetramers can occur and exert a strong dominant negative effect on microfibrillar assembly, leading to a loss of normal localization of collagen VI in the basement membrane surrounding muscle fibers. Consistent with this mechanism was our analysis of a patient with a much milder phenotype, in whom we identified a previously described Bethlem myopathy heterozygous in-frame deletion of 18 amino acids somewhat downstream in the triple-helical domain, a result of exon 14 skipping in the COL6A1 gene. This deletion removes the crucial cysteine, so that dimer formation cannot occur and the abnormal molecule is not secreted, preventing the strong dominant negative effect. Our studies provide a biochemical insight into genotype-phenotype correlations in this group of disorders and establish that UCMD can be caused by dominantly acting mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Te-Cheng Pan
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Thomas Jefferson University, and Division of Neurology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia; and Department of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rui-Zhu Zhang
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Thomas Jefferson University, and Division of Neurology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia; and Department of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dominick G. Sudano
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Thomas Jefferson University, and Division of Neurology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia; and Department of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Suely K. Marie
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Thomas Jefferson University, and Division of Neurology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia; and Department of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carsten G. Bönnemann
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Thomas Jefferson University, and Division of Neurology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia; and Department of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mon-Li Chu
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Thomas Jefferson University, and Division of Neurology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia; and Department of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil
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Higuchi I, Horikiri T, Niiyama T, Suehara M, Shiraishi T, Hu J, Uchida Y, Saito A, Nakagawa M, Arimura K, Osame M. Pathological characteristics of skeletal muscle in Ullrich's disease with collagen VI deficiency. Neuromuscul Disord 2003; 13:310-6. [PMID: 12868500 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-8966(02)00282-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Patients with Ullrich's disease have generalized muscle weakness, multiple contractures of the proximal joints and hyperextensibility of the distal joints. Recently, we found a deficiency of collagen VI protein in skeletal muscle from two patients with Ullrich's disease. In this study, we investigated immunohistochemically the expression of extracellular matrix proteins and various proteins, which are markers for regenerating muscle fibers. Although we have detected the reduction of collagen VI in Ullrich's disease with the two kinds of monoclonal antibodies for the different domains of collagen VI, the remaining immunoreactive material was different between them. This might suggest the presence of incomplete collagen VI protein in the muscle fibers. Furthermore, we found that very small muscle fibers in the patients with Ullrich's disease showed marked expression of desmin, neural cell adhesion molecule and neonatal myosin heavy chain, which is a characteristic finding of regenerating fibers, however, they showed poor expression of developmental myosin heavy chain and thrombomodulin. The present findings suggest that abnormal regeneration or maturation processes are involved in the pathogenesis of dystrophic muscle changes at least in the advanced stage of Ullrich's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itsuro Higuchi
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan.
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Reymond A, Marigo V, Yaylaoglu MB, Leoni A, Ucla C, Scamuffa N, Caccioppoli C, Dermitzakis ET, Lyle R, Banfi S, Eichele G, Antonarakis SE, Ballabio A. Human chromosome 21 gene expression atlas in the mouse. Nature 2002; 420:582-6. [PMID: 12466854 DOI: 10.1038/nature01178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2002] [Accepted: 09/19/2002] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Genome-wide expression analyses have a crucial role in functional genomics. High resolution methods, such as RNA in situ hybridization provide an accurate description of the spatiotemporal distribution of transcripts as well as a three-dimensional 'in vivo' gene expression overview. We set out to analyse systematically the expression patterns of genes from an entire chromosome. We chose human chromosome 21 because of the medical relevance of trisomy 21 (Down's syndrome). Here we show the expression analysis of all identifiable murine orthologues of human chromosome 21 genes (161 out of 178 confirmed human genes) by RNA in situ hybridization on whole mounts and tissue sections, and by polymerase chain reaction with reverse transcription on adult tissues. We observed patterned expression in several tissues including those affected in trisomy 21 phenotypes (that is, central nervous system, heart, gastrointestinal tract, and limbs). Furthermore, statistical analysis suggests the presence of some regions of the chromosome with genes showing either lack of expression or, to a lesser extent, co-expression in specific tissues. This high resolution expression 'atlas' of an entire human chromosome is an important step towards the understanding of gene function and of the pathogenetic mechanisms in Down's syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Reymond
- Division of Medical Genetics, University of Geneva Medical School and University Hospital of Geneva, CMU, 1, rue Michel Servet, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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Zhang RZ, Sabatelli P, Pan TC, Squarzoni S, Mattioli E, Bertini E, Pepe G, Chu ML. Effects on collagen VI mRNA stability and microfibrillar assembly of three COL6A2 mutations in two families with Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy. J Biol Chem 2002; 277:43557-64. [PMID: 12218063 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m207696200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently reported a severe deficiency in collagen type VI, resulting from recessive mutations of the COL6A2 gene, in patients with Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy. Their parents, who are all carriers of one mutant allele, are unaffected, although heterozygous mutations in collagen VI caused Bethlem myopathy. Here we investigated the consequences of three COL6A2 mutations in fibroblasts from patients and their parents in two Ullrich families. All three mutations lead to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. However, very low levels of undegraded mutant mRNA remained in patient B with compound heterozygous mutations at the distal part of the triple-helical domain, resulting in deposition of abnormal microfibrils that cannot form extensive networks. This observation suggests that the C-terminal globular domain is not essential for triple-helix formation but is critical for microfibrillar assembly. In all parents, the COL6A2 mRNA levels are reduced to 57-73% of the control, but long term collagen VI matrix depositions are comparable with that of the control. The almost complete absence of abnormal protein and near-normal accumulation of microfibrils in the parents may account for their lack of myopathic symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Zhu Zhang
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA
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Demir E, Sabatelli P, Allamand V, Ferreiro A, Moghadaszadeh B, Makrelouf M, Topaloglu H, Echenne B, Merlini L, Guicheney P. Mutations in COL6A3 cause severe and mild phenotypes of Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy. Am J Hum Genet 2002; 70:1446-58. [PMID: 11992252 PMCID: PMC419991 DOI: 10.1086/340608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2001] [Accepted: 03/06/2002] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy (UCMD) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by generalized muscular weakness, contractures of multiple joints, and distal hyperextensibility. Homozygous and compound heterozygous mutations of COL6A2 on chromosome 21q22 have recently been shown to cause UCMD. We performed a genomewide screening with microsatellite markers in a consanguineous family with three sibs affected with UCMD. Linkage of the disease to chromosome 2q37 was found in this family and in two others. We analyzed COL6A3, which encodes the alpha3 chain of collagen VI, and identified one homozygous mutation per family. In family I, the three sibs carried an A-->G transition in the splice-donor site of intron 29 (6930+5A-->G), leading to the skipping of exon 29, a partial reduction of collagen VI in muscle biopsy, and an intermediate phenotype. In family II, the patient had an unusual mild phenotype, despite a nonsense mutation, R465X, in exon 5. Analysis of the patient's COL6A3 transcripts showed the presence of various mRNA species-one of which lacked several exons, including the exon containing the nonsense mutation. The deleted splice variant encodes collagen molecules that have a shorter N-terminal domain but that may assemble with other chains and retain a functional role. This could explain the mild phenotype of the patient who was still ambulant at age 18 years and who showed an unusual combination of hyperlaxity and finger contractures. In family III, the patient had a nonsense mutation, R2342X, causing absence of collagen VI in muscle and fibroblasts, and a severe phenotype, as has been described in patients with UCMD. Mutations in COL6A3 are described in UCMD for the first time and illustrate the wide spectrum of phenotypes which can be caused by collagen VI deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ercan Demir
- INSERM U 523, Institut de Myologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Istituto di Citomorfologia Normale e Patologica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche c/o Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, and Neuromuscular Unit, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institut, Bologna; Department of Paediatric Neurology, Hacettepe Children's Hospital, Ankara; and Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Patrizia Sabatelli
- INSERM U 523, Institut de Myologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Istituto di Citomorfologia Normale e Patologica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche c/o Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, and Neuromuscular Unit, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institut, Bologna; Department of Paediatric Neurology, Hacettepe Children's Hospital, Ankara; and Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Valérie Allamand
- INSERM U 523, Institut de Myologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Istituto di Citomorfologia Normale e Patologica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche c/o Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, and Neuromuscular Unit, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institut, Bologna; Department of Paediatric Neurology, Hacettepe Children's Hospital, Ankara; and Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Ana Ferreiro
- INSERM U 523, Institut de Myologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Istituto di Citomorfologia Normale e Patologica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche c/o Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, and Neuromuscular Unit, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institut, Bologna; Department of Paediatric Neurology, Hacettepe Children's Hospital, Ankara; and Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Behzad Moghadaszadeh
- INSERM U 523, Institut de Myologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Istituto di Citomorfologia Normale e Patologica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche c/o Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, and Neuromuscular Unit, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institut, Bologna; Department of Paediatric Neurology, Hacettepe Children's Hospital, Ankara; and Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Mohamed Makrelouf
- INSERM U 523, Institut de Myologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Istituto di Citomorfologia Normale e Patologica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche c/o Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, and Neuromuscular Unit, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institut, Bologna; Department of Paediatric Neurology, Hacettepe Children's Hospital, Ankara; and Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Haluk Topaloglu
- INSERM U 523, Institut de Myologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Istituto di Citomorfologia Normale e Patologica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche c/o Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, and Neuromuscular Unit, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institut, Bologna; Department of Paediatric Neurology, Hacettepe Children's Hospital, Ankara; and Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Bernard Echenne
- INSERM U 523, Institut de Myologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Istituto di Citomorfologia Normale e Patologica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche c/o Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, and Neuromuscular Unit, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institut, Bologna; Department of Paediatric Neurology, Hacettepe Children's Hospital, Ankara; and Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Luciano Merlini
- INSERM U 523, Institut de Myologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Istituto di Citomorfologia Normale e Patologica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche c/o Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, and Neuromuscular Unit, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institut, Bologna; Department of Paediatric Neurology, Hacettepe Children's Hospital, Ankara; and Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
| | - Pascale Guicheney
- INSERM U 523, Institut de Myologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris; Istituto di Citomorfologia Normale e Patologica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche c/o Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, and Neuromuscular Unit, Rizzoli Orthopedic Institut, Bologna; Department of Paediatric Neurology, Hacettepe Children's Hospital, Ankara; and Service de Neuropédiatrie, Hôpital Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France
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