Synthesis of a Tetrabenzotetraaza[8]circulene by a "Fold-In" Oxidative Fusion Reaction

Doping Sumanene with Both Chalcogens and Phosphorus(V): One-Step Synthesis, Coordination, and Selective Response Toward AgI

Heterasumanenes 4-6 containing chalcogen (S, Se, and Te) and phosphorus atoms have been synthesized in a one-pot reaction from trichalcogenasumanenes 1-3 by replacing one chalcogen atom with a P=S unit. The P=S unit makes 4-6 almost planar and shrinks the HOMO-LUMO gap as compared to 1-3. The bonding between Ag⁺ and S atom on P=S brings about a distinct change to the optical properties of 4-6; 4 in particular shows a selective fluorescence response toward Ag⁺ with LOD of 0.21 μm. Compounds 4-6 form complexes with AgNO₃ to be (4)₂ ⋅AgNO₃ , (5)₂ ⋅AgNO₃ , and (6)₂ ⋅(AgNO₃ )₃ . In complexes, the coordination between Ag⁺ and P=S is observed, which leads to shrinkage of C-P and C-X (X=S, Se, Te) bond lengths. As a result, 4, 5, and 6 are all bowl-shaped in complexes with bowl-depths reaching to 0.66 Å, 0.42 Å, and 0.40 Å, respectively. There are Ag-Te dative bonds between Ag⁺ and Te atom on telluorophene in (6)₂ ⋅(AgNO₃ )₃ .

Synthesis of a Double-Helical Naphthotetraindole Core via an Intramolecular Dehydrogenative Homocoupling Reaction

A novel naphthotetraindole (NTI) core was synthesized in two steps via the McMurry reaction and a [Cu]/[Ag]-promoted intramolecular dehydrogenative homocoupling reaction. NTI shows a unique X-shaped double-helical structure as determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The hole-transport mobility of the bare NTI core was measured to be 2.3 × 10^-5 cm² V^-1 s^-1, which is comparable with the commonly used Spiro-OMeTAD.

One-pot synthesis of benzotripyrrole derivatives from 1H-pyrroles

Benzotripyrroles were synthesized in one step from functionalized pyrroles and computational studies reveal the reactivity of the pyrroles and stability of the benzotripyrroles.

Chemistry and Properties of Indolocarbazoles

The indolocarbazoles are an important class of nitrogen heterocycles which has evolved significantly in recent years, with numerous studies focusing on their diverse biological effects, or targeting new materials with potential applications in organic electronics. This review aims at providing a broad survey of the chemistry and properties of indolocarbazoles from an interdisciplinary point of view, with particular emphasis on practical synthetic aspects, as well as certain topics which have not been previously accounted for in detail, such as the occurrence, formation, biological activities, and metabolism of indolo[3,2- b]carbazoles. The literature of the past decade forms the basis of the text, which is further supplemented with older key references.

Synthesis, Structures, and Properties of Core-Expanded Azacoronene Analogue: A Twisted π-System with Two N-Doped Heptagons

A core-expanded, pyrrole-fused azacoronene analogue containing two unusual N-doped heptagons was obtained from commercially available octafluoronaphthalene and 3,4-diethylpyrrole in two steps as a heteroatom-doped nonplanar nanographene. Full fusion with the formation of the tetraazadipleiadiene framework and the longitudinally twisted structure was unambiguously confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The edge-to-edge dihedral angle along the acene moiety was 63°. This electron-rich π-system showed four reversible oxidation peaks. Despite the nonplanar structure, the Hückel aromaticity owing to a peripheral π-conjugation in the dicationic state was concluded from the bond-length alternation and nucleus-independent chemical shift (NICS) and anisotropy of the induced current density (ACID) calculations.

Synthesis of tetraphenylene derivatives and their recent advances

The synthetic strategies towards tetraphenylene derivatives are comprehensively summarized in this review. Recent advances in the functionalized tetraphenylene skeleton for research into their structurally unique properties are described together with their potential applications.

Substituent-sensitive fluorescence of sequentially N-alkylated tetrabenzotetraaza[8]circulenes

We explore the use of substituent-sensitive balance between fluorescence and non-radiative decay as a tool for optical tuning of N-butylated tetrabenzotetraaza[8]circulenes for organic light emitting diode applications.

Quasi-planar diazadithio and diazodiseleno[8]circulenes: synthesis, structures and properties

Diazadithio and diazadiseleno[8]circulenes were synthesized in good yields through a non-pyrolytic cyclization starting from nitrogen-bridged tetraphenylene.

Exploring the “fold-in” strategy toward the construction of a highly-strained triazasumanene skeleton

“Fold-in”-type syntheses toward the construction of tribenzotriazasumanene were attempted under oxidative and reductive conditions, which resulted in the formation of two different products.

2,2'-Bipyrrole-Based Porphyrinoids

A large number of porphyrinoids containing 2,2'-bipyrrole subunits have appeared since they were originally found as a component of sapphyrin and corrole, and it was found that the bipyrrole subunit endowed macrocycles with specific geometric features and electronic properties. Synthetic methods for bipyrrole-containing precursors for porphyrinoid are summarized in this review; these include coupling reactions of pyrrole rings, pyrrole ring-forming reactions leading directly to bipyrrole units, and synthetic reactions for oligopyrrolic compounds. Some hybrid oligopyrroles having nonpyrrole (hetero)aromatic ring(s) are also included. This review also describes porphyrinoids composed of bipyrrole subunits. Interesting electronic properties derived from strong cyclo-π-conjugation are highlighted in the bipyrrole-based porphyrinoids with or without meso-like carbons. Anion-binding chemistry is one of the main topics for bipyrrole-based macrocycles with less efficient or deficient cyclo-π-conjugation, such as those linked with electronically localized aromatic ring(s), with sp³ carbon(s), and with amido or imine connection(s). The principal concern in this review is porphyrinoids of relatively large ring size, composed of more than five units of pyrroles and (hetero)aromatic substitutes in total, and so bipyrrole-based porphyrinoids up to five pyrrolic units, such as corroles, porphycenes, sapphyrins, and smaragdyrin, will not be covered here except for some special cases.

Heterocyclic Nanographenes and Other Polycyclic Heteroaromatic Compounds: Synthetic Routes, Properties, and Applications

Two-dimensionally extended, polycyclic heteroaromatic molecules (heterocyclic nanographenes) are a highly versatile class of organic materials, applicable as functional chromophores and organic semiconductors. In this Review, we discuss the rich chemistry of large heteroaromatics, focusing on their synthesis, electronic properties, and applications in materials science. This Review summarizes the historical development and current state of the art in this rapidly expanding field of research, which has become one of the key exploration areas of modern heterocyclic chemistry.

Benzoannelated aza-, oxa- and azaoxa[8]circulenes as promising blue organic emitters

In the present study, we studied the synergetic effect of benzoannelation and NH/O-substitution for enhancing the absorption intensity in a series of novel designed benzoannelated aza- and oxa[8]circulenes.

Chrysaorenes: assembling coronoid hydrocarbons via the fold-in synthesis

Two coronoid hydrocarbons, [3]- and [4]chrysaorene, were synthesized from fluorenophane precursors using the fold-in strategy.

Diversity-oriented synthesis of tetrathia[8]circulenes by sequential C–H borylation and annulation

We have succeeded in the diversity-oriented synthesis of tetrathia[8]circulenes by sequential C–H borylation and annulation from cyclic tetrathiophene.