51
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Gilbert SE, Cavalleri O, Kern K. Electrodeposition of Cu Nanoparticles on Decanethiol-Covered Au(111) Surfaces: An in Situ STM Investigation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/jp960053w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Scott E. Gilbert
- Institut de Physique Expérimentale, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ornella Cavalleri
- Institut de Physique Expérimentale, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Klaus Kern
- Institut de Physique Expérimentale, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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54
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Zhang J, Sung Y, Rikvold PA, Wieckowski A. Underpotential deposition of Cu on Au(111) in sulfate‐containing electrolytes: A theoretical and experimental study. J Chem Phys 1996. [DOI: 10.1063/1.471769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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55
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Cappadonia M, Linke U, Robinson K, Schmidberger J, Stimming U. Anion effects on the cyclic voltammetry of copper underpotential deposition on Au(100). J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-0728(95)04434-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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56
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Toney MF, Howard JN, Richer J, Borges GL, Gordon JG, Melroy OR, Yee D, Sorensen LB. Electrochemical deposition of copper on a gold electrode in sulfuric acid: resolution of the interfacial structure. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1995; 75:4472-4475. [PMID: 10059917 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.75.4472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
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57
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Shi Z, Lipkowski J, Mirwald S, Pettinger B. Electrochemical and second harmonic generation study of SO2−4 adsorption at the Au(111) electrode. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-0728(95)03989-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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58
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59
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CuCl adlayer formation and Cl induced surface alloying: An in situ STM study on Cu underpotential deposition on Au(110) electrode surfaces. Electrochim Acta 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0013-4686(95)00056-k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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60
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Ogaki K, Itaya K. In situ scanning tunneling microscopy of underpotential and bulk deposition of silver on gold (111). Electrochim Acta 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0013-4686(95)99706-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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61
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Investigations of Cl− adsorption at the Au(111) electrode in the presence of underpotentially deposited copper atoms. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-0728(94)03747-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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62
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Möller FA, Magnussen OM, Behm RJ. In situ STM studies of Cu underpotential deposition on Au(100) in the presence of sulfate and chloride anions. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1995; 51:2484-2490. [PMID: 9979004 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.51.2484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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63
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Gordon J, Melroy O, Toney M. Structure of metal-electrolyte interfaces: Copper on gold(111), water on silver(111). Electrochim Acta 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0013-4686(94)00238-v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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64
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65
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Effects of diffusion-limited mass transfer on metal underpotential deposition voltammograms. J APPL ELECTROCHEM 1994. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00249893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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66
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67
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Structures of copper and halides on Pt(111), Pt(100) and Au(111) electrode surfaces studied by in-situ scanning tunneling microscopy. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-0728(94)87142-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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68
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Blum L, Huckaby DA. Underpotential deposition of Cu on Au(111): implications of the HB model. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-0728(94)03336-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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69
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Salié G, Bartels K. Partial charge transfer and adsorption at metal electrodes. The underpotential deposition of Hg(I), Tl(I), Bi(III) and Cu(II) on polycrystalline gold electrodes. Electrochim Acta 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0013-4686(94)e0020-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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70
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Shi Z, Lipkowski J. Investigations of Br− adsorption at the Au(111) electrode in the presence of underpotentially deposited copper atoms. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-0728(94)87113-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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71
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Shi Z, Lipkowski J, Gamboa M, Zelenay P, Wieckowski A. Investigations of SO42− adsorption at the Au(111) electrode by chronocoulometry and radiochemistry. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-0728(93)03008-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Investigations of SO42− adsorption at the Au(111) electrode in the presence of underpotentially deposited copper adatoms. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-0728(93)03119-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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74
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Borges GL, Kanazawa K, Gordon JG, Ashley K, Richer J. An in-situ electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance study of the underpotential deposition of copper on Au(111) electrodes. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-0728(93)03169-p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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75
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Tadjeddine A, Lahrichi A, Tourillon G. In-situ X-ray absorption near-edge structure: a probe of the oxidation state of underpotentially adsorbed metals. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-0728(93)87018-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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76
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Dakkouri A, Batina N, Kolb D. The influence of organic additives on the underpotential deposition of Cu on Pt(111). Electrochim Acta 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0013-4686(93)85118-i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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78
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Underpotential deposition of copper on Pd(100): An electron spectroscopy study. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-0728(93)80292-p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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79
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Sun SG, Yang DF, Wu SJ, Ociepa J, Lipkowski J. Electrochemical, Auger electron spectroscopy and low energy electron diffraction studies of the stability of the Au(210) electrode surface in the presence of adsorbed pyridine. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-0728(93)80174-g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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80
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Adžić R, Feddrix F, Nikolić B, Yeager E. The elucidation of hydrogen and anion adsorption on Pt(111) through the co-adsorption of metal adatoms and carbon monoxide. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-0728(92)80489-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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81
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The effect of halides on the structure of copper underpotential-deposited onto Pt(111): a low-energy electron diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-0728(92)80459-h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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82
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83
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Bhatt D, Twomey T, Plieth W, Schumacher R, Meyer H. Inhibition of the underpotential deposition of copper on single crystalline platinum surfaces. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-0728(92)80082-f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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84
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Hessel H, Feltz A, Reiter M, Memmert U, Behm R. Step-flow mechanism versus pit corrosion: scanning-tunneling microscopy observations on wet etching of Si(111) by HF solutions. Chem Phys Lett 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(91)85140-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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85
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Phani KLN, Mohan S, Venkatachalam R. Underpotential deposition of copper on electrochemically treated polycrystalline Au surfaces. J CHEM SCI 1991. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02841069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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86
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87
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88
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Blum L, Huckaby DA. Phase transitions at liquid–solid interfaces: Padé approximant for adsorption isotherms and voltammograms. J Chem Phys 1991. [DOI: 10.1063/1.460269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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89
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White J, Abruña H. Influence of competing adsorbates on the underpotential deposition of copper on Pt(111). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-0728(91)85414-k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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90
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Manne S, Hansma PK, Massie J, Elings VB, Gewirth AA. Atomic-Resolution Electrochemistry with the Atomic Force Microscope: Copper Deposition on Gold. Science 1991; 251:183-6. [PMID: 17836948 DOI: 10.1126/science.251.4990.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The atomic force microscope (AFM) was used to image an electrode surface at atomic resolution while the electrode was under potential control in a fluid electrolyte. A new level of subtlety was observed for each step of a complete electrochemical cycle that started with an Au(111) surface onto which bulk Cu was electrodeposited. The Cu was stripped down to an underpotential-deposited monolayer and finally returned to a bare Au(111) surface. The images revealed that the underpotential-deposited monolayer has different structures in different electrolytes. Specifically, for a perchloric acid electrolyte the Cu atoms are in a close-packed lattice with a spacing of 0.29 +/- 0.02 nanometer (nm). For a sulfate electrolyte they are in a more open lattice with a spacing of 0.49 +/- 0.02 nm. As the deposited Cu layer grew thicker, the Cu atoms converged to a (111)-oriented layer with a lattice spacing of 0.26 +/- 0.02 nm for both electrolytes. A terrace pattern was observed during dissolution of bulk Cu. Images were obtained of an atomically resolved Cu monolayer in one region and an atomically resolved Au substrate in another in which a 30 degrees rotation of the Cu monolayer lattice from the Au lattice is clearly visible.
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In-plane structural and electronic characteristics of underpotentially deposited copper on gold (100) probed by in-situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-0728(90)87221-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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92
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Magnussen OM, Hotlos J, Nichols RJ, Kolb DM, Behm RJ. Atomic structure of Cu adlayers on Au(100) and Au(111) electrodes observed by in situ scanning tunneling microscopy. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 1990; 64:2929-2932. [PMID: 10041849 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.64.2929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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93
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White J, Abruña H. An in-situ surface EXAFS study of copper underpotential deposition on Pt (111). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-0728(89)87040-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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94
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Electrocatalytic properties of metal adatoms in a potential range negative to Nernstian bulk deposition. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-0728(89)85042-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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95
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Hepel M, Kanige K, Bruckenstein S. In situ underpotential deposition study of lead on silver using the electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-0728(89)85085-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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96
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Adzic GD, Scherson DA. Underpotential deposition of copper incorporated into Nafion films cast on Au (111) surfaces. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-0728(89)85109-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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97
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Gerischer H. Licht als Sonde zur Untersuchung elektrochemischer Grenzflächenreaktionen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1988. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19881000108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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98
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Deakin MR, Melroy O. Underpotential metal deposition on gold, monitored in situ with a quartz microbalance. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-0728(88)80288-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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