51
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Doelman W, van Kasteren SI. Synthesis of glycopeptides and glycopeptide conjugates. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:6487-6507. [PMID: 35903971 PMCID: PMC9400947 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00829g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Protein glycosylation is a key post-translational modification important to many facets of biology. Glycosylation can have critical effects on protein conformation, uptake and intracellular routing. In immunology, glycosylation of antigens has been shown to play a role in self/non-self distinction and the effective uptake of antigens. Improperly glycosylated proteins and peptide fragments, for instance those produced by cancerous cells, are also prime candidates for vaccine design. To study these processes, access to peptides bearing well-defined glycans is of critical importance. In this review, the key approaches towards synthetic, well-defined glycopeptides, are described, with a focus on peptides useful for and used in immunological studies. Special attention is given to the glycoconjugation approaches that have been developed in recent years, as these enable rapid synthesis of various (unnatural) glycopeptides, enabling powerful carbohydrate structure/activity studies. These techniques, combined with more traditional total synthesis and chemoenzymatic methods for the production of glycopeptides, should help unravel some of the complexities of glycobiology in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ward Doelman
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Sander I van Kasteren
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands.
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52
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Hansen S, Arafiles JVV, Ochtrop P, Hackenberger CPR. Modular solid-phase synthesis of electrophilic cysteine-selective ethynyl-phosphonamidate peptides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:8388-8391. [PMID: 35792548 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc02379b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report an efficient method to install electrophilic cysteine-selective ethynyl-phosphonamidates on peptides during Fmoc-based solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS). By performing Staudinger-phosphonite reactions between different solid supported azido-peptides and varying ethynylphosphonites, we obtained ethynyl-phosphonamidate containing peptidic compounds after acidic deprotection, including an electrophilic cell-penetrating peptide that showed high efficiency as an additive for cellular delivery of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Hansen
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Chemical Biology Department, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany. .,Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Department of Chemistry, Brook Taylor Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Vincent V Arafiles
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Chemical Biology Department, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Philipp Ochtrop
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Chemical Biology Department, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany. .,Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Department of Chemistry, Brook Taylor Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian P R Hackenberger
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Chemical Biology Department, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany. .,Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Department of Chemistry, Brook Taylor Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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53
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Zuma LK, Gasa NL, Makhoba XH, Pooe OJ. Protein PEGylation: Navigating Recombinant Protein Stability, Aggregation, and Bioactivity. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:8929715. [PMID: 35924267 PMCID: PMC9343206 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8929715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Enzymes play a powerful role as catalysts with high specificity and activity under mild environmental conditions. Significant hurdles, such as reduced solubility, reduced shelf-life, aggregate formation, and toxicity, are still ongoing struggles that scientists come across when purifying recombinant proteins. Over the past three decades, PEGylation techniques have been utilized to significantly overcome low solubility; increased protein stability, shelf-life, and bioactivity; and prevented protein aggregate formation. This review seeks to highlight the impact of PEG-based formulations that are significantly utilized to obtain favourable protein physiochemical properties. The authors further discuss other techniques that can be employed such as coexpression studies and nanotechnology-based skills to obtaining favourable protein physiochemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindiwe Khumbuzile Zuma
- Discipline of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Westville, 3629 KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | - Nothando Lovedale Gasa
- Discipline of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Westville, 3629 KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | - Xolani Henry Makhoba
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice Campus, Alice, 5700 Eastern Cape, South Africa
| | - Ofentse Jacob Pooe
- Discipline of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Westville, 3629 KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
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54
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Ahangarpour M, Kavianinia I, Hume PA, Harris PWR, Brimble MA. N-Vinyl Acrylamides: Versatile Heterobifunctional Electrophiles for Thiol-Thiol Bioconjugations. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:13652-13662. [PMID: 35858283 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c04146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Herein we report the first examples of thiol-selective heterobifunctional electrophiles, N-vinyl acrylamides, that enable efficient highly selective thiol-thiol bioconjugations and cysteine modification of peptides. We demonstrate that these new classes of thiol-selective scaffolds can readily undergo a thia-Michael addition and an orthogonal radical induced thiol-ene "click" reaction under biocompatible conditions. Furthermore, the formation of an unexpected Markovnikov N,S-acetal hydrothiolation was explained using computational studies. We also reveal that N-methylation of the N-vinyl acrylamide scaffold changes the regioselectivity of the reaction. We demonstrate that use of N-vinyl acrylamides shows promise as an efficient, mild, and exquisite cysteine-selective protocol for facile construction of fluorophore-labeled peptides and proteins and that the resultant conjugates are resistant to degradation and thiol exchange, thus significantly improving their biophysical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Ahangarpour
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Iman Kavianinia
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Paul A Hume
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Paul W R Harris
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Margaret A Brimble
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
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55
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Snella B, Grain B, Vicogne J, Capet F, Wiltschi B, Melnyk O, Agouridas V. Fast Protein Modification in the Nanomolar Concentration Range Using an Oxalyl Amide as Latent Thioester. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202204992. [PMID: 35557487 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We show that latent oxalyl thioester surrogates are a powerful means to modify peptides and proteins in highly dilute conditions in purified aqueous media or in mixtures as complex as cell lysates. Designed to be shelf-stable reagents, they can be activated on demand to enable ligation reactions with peptide concentrations as low as a few hundred nM at rates approaching 30 M-1 s-1 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Snella
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Benjamin Grain
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Jérôme Vicogne
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Frédéric Capet
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, UCCS, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Birgit Wiltschi
- Institute of Bioprocess Science and Engineering, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Oleg Melnyk
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Vangelis Agouridas
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, 59000, Lille, France.,Centrale Lille, 59000, Lille, France
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56
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Ullrich S, George J, Coram A, Morewood R, Nitsche C. Biocompatible and Selective Generation of Bicyclic Peptides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202208400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sven Ullrich
- Australian National University Research School of Chemistry AUSTRALIA
| | - Josemon George
- Australian National University Research School of Chemistry AUSTRALIA
| | - Alexandra Coram
- Australian National University Research School of Chemistry AUSTRALIA
| | - Richard Morewood
- Australian National University Research School of Chemistry AUSTRALIA
| | - Christoph Nitsche
- Australian National University Research School of Chemistry Sullivans Creek Road ACT 2601 Canberra AUSTRALIA
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57
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Kjærsgaard NL, Hansen RA, Gothelf KV. Preparation of Maleimide-Modified Oligonucleotides from the Corresponding Amines Using N-Methoxycarbonylmaleimide. Bioconjug Chem 2022; 33:1254-1260. [PMID: 35816757 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.2c00144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Oligonucleotide conjugates constitute a versatile tool for research and bioanalytical purposes. Often, such conjugates are prepared by reaction between a thiol on the protein with a maleimide-modified oligonucleotide. Unlike most other chemical handles the maleimide functionality cannot be introduced directly during the solid-phase oligonucleotide synthesis, and therefore the standard method to introduce the maleimide functionality is to react an amino-modified DNA with a heterobifunctional linker containing an activated ester and a maleimide. Here, we present an alternative method for preparation of maleimide and monobromomaleimide-modified oligonucleotides from the corresponding amine using N-methoxycarbonylmaleimide and N-methoxycarbonylbromomaleimide, respectively. In this method, no additional linker is attached to the oligonucleotide, as the maleimide functionality is formed directly on the existing amine. The maleimide can thereby be positioned close to the oligonucleotide, providing a high degree of control over the final construct. The reaction occurs in 30-60 min under alkaline conditions. Maleimide-modified oligonucleotides prepared in this manner were conjugated to bovine serum albumin, and the reaction shows comparable reactivity to the corresponding oligonucleotide modified using the 4-(N-maleimidomethyl)-cyclohexane-1-carboxylate (SMCC) linker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanna L Kjærsgaard
- Center for Multifunctional Biomolecular Drug Design at the Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.,Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Rikke A Hansen
- Center for Multifunctional Biomolecular Drug Design at the Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.,Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Kurt V Gothelf
- Center for Multifunctional Biomolecular Drug Design at the Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.,Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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58
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Posttranslational Chemical Mutagenesis Methods to Insert Posttranslational Modifications into Recombinant Proteins. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27144389. [PMID: 35889261 PMCID: PMC9316245 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) dramatically expand the functional diversity of the proteome. The precise addition and removal of PTMs appears to modulate protein structure and function and control key regulatory processes in living systems. Deciphering how particular PTMs affect protein activity is a current frontier in biology and medicine. The large number of PTMs which can appear in several distinct positions, states, and combinations makes preparing such complex analogs using conventional biological and chemical tools challenging. Strategies to access homogeneous and precisely modified proteins with desired PTMs at selected sites and in feasible quantities are critical to interpreting their molecular code. Here, we summarize recent advances in posttranslational chemical mutagenesis and late-stage functionalization chemistry to transfer novel PTM mimicry into recombinant proteins with emphasis on novel transformations.
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59
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Djaló M, Silva MJSA, Faustino H, Pinto SN, Mendonça R, Gois PMP. Multivalent NHS-activated acrylates for orthogonal site-selective functionalisation of peptides at cysteine residues. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:7928-7931. [PMID: 35758206 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc02204d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The site-selective chemical appendage of multiple functionalities on a native peptide backbone is a highly demanding and complex tool of modern chemical biology. Here, novel NHS-activated acrylates were designed to hold various payloads in a single bioconjugation handle that is able to site-selectively and orthogonally target the N-terminal cysteine of peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariama Djaló
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed. ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Maria J S A Silva
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed. ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Hélio Faustino
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed. ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal. .,Association BLC3-Innovation and Technology Campus, Oliveira do Hospital, Portugal
| | - Sandra N Pinto
- iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences and i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal
| | | | - Pedro M P Gois
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed. ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
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60
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Yang Y, Fischer NH, Oliveira MT, Hadaf GB, Liu J, Brock-Nannestad T, Diness F, Lee JW. Carbon dioxide enhances sulphur-selective conjugate addition reactions. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:4526-4533. [PMID: 35605989 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00831a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sulphur-selective conjugate addition reactions play a central role in synthetic chemistry and chemical biology. A general tool for conjugate addition reactions should provide high selectivity in the presence of competing nucleophilic functional groups, namely nitrogen nucleophiles. We report CO2-mediated chemoselective S-Michael addition reactions where CO2 can reversibly control the reaction pHs, thus providing practical reaction conditions. The increased chemoselectivity for sulphur-alkylation products was ascribed to CO2 as a temporary and traceless protecting group for nitrogen nucleophiles, while CO2 efficiently provide higher conversion and selectivity sulphur nucleophiles on peptides and human serum albumin (HSA) with various electrophiles. This method offers simple reaction conditions for cysteine modification reactions when high chemoselectivity is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen Ø, 2100, Denmark.
| | - Niklas Henrik Fischer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen Ø, 2100, Denmark. .,Nanoscience Center, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen Ø, 2100, Denmark
| | - Maria Teresa Oliveira
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen Ø, 2100, Denmark. .,Nanoscience Center, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen Ø, 2100, Denmark
| | - Gul Barg Hadaf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen Ø, 2100, Denmark.
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen Ø, 2100, Denmark.
| | - Theis Brock-Nannestad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen Ø, 2100, Denmark.
| | - Frederik Diness
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen Ø, 2100, Denmark. .,Nanoscience Center, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen Ø, 2100, Denmark
| | - Ji-Woong Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen Ø, 2100, Denmark. .,Nanoscience Center, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen Ø, 2100, Denmark
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61
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Gao WC, Feng K, Tian J, Zhang J, Chang HH, Jiang X. N-Acetylenethio phthalimides: Sequential linkage for compositional click reaction. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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62
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Miao Q, Nitsche C, Orton H, Overhand M, Otting G, Ubbink M. Paramagnetic Chemical Probes for Studying Biological Macromolecules. Chem Rev 2022; 122:9571-9642. [PMID: 35084831 PMCID: PMC9136935 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Paramagnetic chemical probes have been used in electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy for more than four decades. Recent years witnessed a great increase in the variety of probes for the study of biological macromolecules (proteins, nucleic acids, and oligosaccharides). This Review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the existing paramagnetic chemical probes, including chemical synthetic approaches, functional properties, and selected applications. Recent developments have seen, in particular, a rapid expansion of the range of lanthanoid probes with anisotropic magnetic susceptibilities for the generation of structural restraints based on residual dipolar couplings and pseudocontact shifts in solution and solid state NMR spectroscopy, mostly for protein studies. Also many new isotropic paramagnetic probes, suitable for NMR measurements of paramagnetic relaxation enhancements, as well as EPR spectroscopic studies (in particular double resonance techniques) have been developed and employed to investigate biological macromolecules. Notwithstanding the large number of reported probes, only few have found broad application and further development of probes for dedicated applications is foreseen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Miao
- Leiden
Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden 2333 CC, The Netherlands
- School
of Chemistry &Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an710021, China
| | - Christoph Nitsche
- Research
School of Chemistry, The Australian National
University, Sullivans Creek Road, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Henry Orton
- Research
School of Chemistry, The Australian National
University, Sullivans Creek Road, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
- ARC
Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide & Protein Science,
Research School of Chemistry, Australian
National University, Sullivans Creek Road, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Mark Overhand
- Leiden
Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden 2333 CC, The Netherlands
| | - Gottfried Otting
- Research
School of Chemistry, The Australian National
University, Sullivans Creek Road, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
- ARC
Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide & Protein Science,
Research School of Chemistry, Australian
National University, Sullivans Creek Road, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Marcellus Ubbink
- Leiden
Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, Leiden 2333 CC, The Netherlands
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63
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Landrieu I, Dupré E, Sinnaeve D, El Hajjar L, Smet-Nocca C. Deciphering the Structure and Formation of Amyloids in Neurodegenerative Diseases With Chemical Biology Tools. Front Chem 2022; 10:886382. [PMID: 35646824 PMCID: PMC9133342 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.886382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein aggregation into highly ordered, regularly repeated cross-β sheet structures called amyloid fibrils is closely associated to human disorders such as neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, or systemic diseases like type II diabetes. Yet, in some cases, such as the HET-s prion, amyloids have biological functions. High-resolution structures of amyloids fibrils from cryo-electron microscopy have very recently highlighted their ultrastructural organization and polymorphisms. However, the molecular mechanisms and the role of co-factors (posttranslational modifications, non-proteinaceous components and other proteins) acting on the fibril formation are still poorly understood. Whether amyloid fibrils play a toxic or protective role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases remains to be elucidated. Furthermore, such aberrant protein-protein interactions challenge the search of small-molecule drugs or immunotherapy approaches targeting amyloid formation. In this review, we describe how chemical biology tools contribute to new insights on the mode of action of amyloidogenic proteins and peptides, defining their structural signature and aggregation pathways by capturing their molecular details and conformational heterogeneity. Challenging the imagination of scientists, this constantly expanding field provides crucial tools to unravel mechanistic detail of amyloid formation such as semisynthetic proteins and small-molecule sensors of conformational changes and/or aggregation. Protein engineering methods and bioorthogonal chemistry for the introduction of protein chemical modifications are additional fruitful strategies to tackle the challenge of understanding amyloid formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Landrieu
- University Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE - Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France
- CNRS EMR9002 Integrative Structural Biology, Lille, France
| | - Elian Dupré
- University Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE - Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France
- CNRS EMR9002 Integrative Structural Biology, Lille, France
| | - Davy Sinnaeve
- University Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE - Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France
- CNRS EMR9002 Integrative Structural Biology, Lille, France
| | - Léa El Hajjar
- University Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE - Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France
- CNRS EMR9002 Integrative Structural Biology, Lille, France
| | - Caroline Smet-Nocca
- University Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1167 - RID-AGE - Risk Factors and Molecular Determinants of Aging-Related Diseases, Lille, France
- CNRS EMR9002 Integrative Structural Biology, Lille, France
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64
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Snella B, Grain B, Vicogne J, Capet F, Wiltschi B, Melnyk O, Agouridas V. Fast Protein Modification in the Nanomolar Concentration Range Using an Oxalyl Amide as Latent Thioester. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202204992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Benjamin Grain
- University of Lille: Universite de Lille Chemistry FRANCE
| | - Jérôme Vicogne
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Biology FRANCE
| | | | | | - Oleg Melnyk
- CNRS: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 9017 FRANCE
| | - Vangelis Agouridas
- Ecole Centrale de Lille ENSCL Av. Mendeleiev 59652 Villeneuve d'Ascq FRANCE
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65
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Decoene KW, Unal K, Staes A, Zwaenepoel O, Gettemans J, Gevaert K, Winne JM, Madder A. Triazolinedione protein modification: from an overlooked off-target effect to a tryptophan-based bioconjugation strategy. Chem Sci 2022; 13:5390-5397. [PMID: 35655564 PMCID: PMC9093138 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06942j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Labelling of tyrosine residues in peptides and proteins has been reported to selectively occur via a 'tyrosine-click' reaction with triazolinedione reagents (TAD). However, we here demonstrate that TAD reagents are actually not selective for tyrosine and that tryptophan residues are in fact also labelled with these reagents. This off-target labelling remained under the radar as it is challenging to detect these physiologically stable but thermally labile modifications with the commonly used HCD and CID MS/MS techniques. We show that selectivity of tryptophan over tyrosine can be achieved by lowering the pH of the aqueous buffer to effect selective Trp-labelling. Given the low relative abundance of tryptophan compared to tyrosine in natural proteins, this results in a new site-selective bioconjugation method that does not rely on enzymes nor unnatural amino acids and is demonstrated for peptides and recombinant proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaas W Decoene
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University Krijgslaan 281 S4 9000 Ghent Belgium .,Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University Ghent Belgium.,VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 75 9052 Ghent Belgium
| | - Kamil Unal
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University Krijgslaan 281 S4 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - An Staes
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University Ghent Belgium.,VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 75 9052 Ghent Belgium.,VIB Core Facility, VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 75 9052 Ghent Belgium
| | | | - Jan Gettemans
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University Ghent Belgium
| | - Kris Gevaert
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University Ghent Belgium.,VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 75 9052 Ghent Belgium
| | - Johan M Winne
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University Krijgslaan 281 S4 9000 Ghent Belgium
| | - Annemieke Madder
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University Krijgslaan 281 S4 9000 Ghent Belgium
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66
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Stump B. Click Bioconjugation - Modifying Proteins using Click-Like Chemistry. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200016. [PMID: 35491526 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Bioconjugation is dealing with the chemical modification of proteins. The reactions used exploit either the intrinsic chemical reactivity of the biomolecule or introduce functionalities that can then be subsequently reacted without interfering with other functional groups of the biological entity. Perfectly selective, high yielding chemical transformations are needed that can be run in aqueous environment at mild pH conditions. Requirements that have an obvious overlap with the definition of click chemistry. This review shows a selection of successfully applied click-type reactions in bioconjugation as well as some recent developments to broaden the chemical toolbox to meet the challenge of a selective, bioorthogonal modification of biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Stump
- Lonza AG: Lonza Ltd, Bioconjugates, Rottenstr, 3930, Visp, SWITZERLAND
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67
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Toyobe M, Yakushiji F. Synthetic modifications of histones and their functional evaluation. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200197. [PMID: 35489041 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Post-transrational modifications (PTMs) of histones play a key role in epigenetic regulation. Unraveling the roles of each epigenetic mark can provide new insights into their biological mechanisms. On the other hand, it is generally difficult to prepare homogeneously-modified histones/nucleosomes to investigate their specific functions. Therefore, synthetic approaches to acquire precisely mimicked histones/nucleosomes are in great demand, and further development of this research field is anticipated. In this review, synthetic strategies to modify histones/nucleosomes, including cysteine modifications, transformations of dehydroalanine residues and lysine acylation using a catalyst system, are cited. In addition, the functional evaluation of synthetically modified histones/nucleosomes is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moe Toyobe
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Fumika Yakushiji
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
- Center for Research and Education on Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
- Global Station for Biosurfaces and Drug Discovery, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
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68
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Yu H, Feng J, Zhong F, Wu Y. Chemical Modification for the "off-/on" Regulation of Enzyme Activity. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2200195. [PMID: 35482602 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Enzymes with excellent catalytic performance play important roles in living organisms. Advances in strategies for enzyme chemical modification have enabled powerful strategies for exploring and manipulating enzyme functions and activities. Based on the development of chemical enzyme modifications, incorporating external stimuli-responsive features-for example, responsivity to light, voltage, magnetic force, pH, temperature, redox activity, and small molecules-into a target enzyme to turn "on" and "off" its activity has attracted much attention. The ability to precisely control enzyme activity using different approaches would greatly expand the chemical biology toolbox for clarification and detection of signal transduction and in vivo enzyme function and significantly promote enzyme-based disease therapy. This review summarizes the methods available for chemical enzyme modification mainly for the off-/on control of enzyme activity and particularly highlights the recent progress regarding the applications of this strategy. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaibin Yu
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jiayi Feng
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Fangrui Zhong
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yuzhou Wu
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
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69
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Ren Y, Liu T, Liu C, Guo X, Wang F, Zhu H, Yang Z. An Albumin-Binding PSMA Ligand with Higher Tumor Accumulation for PET Imaging of Prostate Cancer. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15050513. [PMID: 35631340 PMCID: PMC9143078 DOI: 10.3390/ph15050513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is an ideal target for the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. Due to the short half-life in blood, small molecules/peptides are rapidly cleared by the circulatory system. Prolonging the half-life of PSMA probes has been considered as an effective strategy to improve the tumor detection. Herein, we reported a 64Cu-labeled PSMA tracer conjugating with maleimidopropionic acid (MPA), 64Cu-PSMA-CM, which showed an excellent ability to detect PSMA-overexpressing tumors in delayed time. Cell experiments in PSMA-positive 22Rv1 cells, human serum albumin binding affinity, and micro-PET imaging studies in 22Rv1 model were performed to investigate the albumin binding capacity and PSMA specificity. Comparisons with 64Cu-PSMA-BCH were performed to explore the influence of MPA on the biological properties. 64Cu-PSMA-CM could be quickly prepared within 30 min. The uptake of 64Cu-PSMA-CM in 22Rv1 cells increased over time and it could bind to HSA with a high protein binding ratio (67.8 ± 1.5%). When compared to 64Cu-PSMA-BCH, 64Cu-PSMA-CM demonstrated higher and prolonged accumulation in 22Rv1 tumors, contributing to high tumor-to-organ ratios. These results showed that 64Cu-PSMA-CM was PSMA specific with a higher tumor uptake, which demonstrated that MPA is an optional strategy for improving the radioactivity concentration in PSMA-expressing tumors and for developing the ligands for PSMA radioligand therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya’nan Ren
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Products Administration), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China; (Y.R.); (T.L.); (C.L.); (X.G.); (F.W.)
- School of Medicine, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Teli Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Products Administration), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China; (Y.R.); (T.L.); (C.L.); (X.G.); (F.W.)
| | - Chen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Products Administration), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China; (Y.R.); (T.L.); (C.L.); (X.G.); (F.W.)
| | - Xiaoyi Guo
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Products Administration), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China; (Y.R.); (T.L.); (C.L.); (X.G.); (F.W.)
| | - Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Products Administration), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China; (Y.R.); (T.L.); (C.L.); (X.G.); (F.W.)
| | - Hua Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Products Administration), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China; (Y.R.); (T.L.); (C.L.); (X.G.); (F.W.)
- School of Medicine, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Correspondence: (H.Z.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Zhi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals (National Medical Products Administration), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China; (Y.R.); (T.L.); (C.L.); (X.G.); (F.W.)
- School of Medicine, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Correspondence: (H.Z.); (Z.Y.)
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70
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Liu M, Sovrovic M, Suga H, Jongkees SAK. Phosphine addition to dehydroalanine for peptide modification. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:3081-3085. [PMID: 35353113 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00410k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Thiols are a functional group commonly used for selective reactions in a biochemical setting because of their high nucleophilicity. Phosphorus nucleophiles can undergo some similar reactions to thiols, but remain underexploited in this setting. In this work we show that phosphine nucleophiles react cleanly and quickly with a dehydroalanine electrophile, itself generated from cysteine, to give a stable adduct in a peptide context. NMR reveals the product to be a phosphonium ion and indicates some backbone conformational constraint, possibly arising from transient carbonyl coordination. The reaction proceeded quickly, with a pseudo-first order rate constant of 0.126 min-1 at 1 mM peptide (80% conversion in 10 min), and with no detectable side products on the peptide. A broad peptide sequence scope and water-soluble phosphines with alkyl as well as aromatic groups were all shown to react efficiently. Phosphine addition proved to be efficient on nisin as a model Dha-containing biologically-derived peptide and on an mRNA-displayed peptide, as well as on TCEP-modified agarose for peptide capture from solution. This reaction thus presents a promising approach for modification of peptides for cargo attachment or altered physical properties in peptide discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minglong Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences, VU Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Miha Sovrovic
- Department of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hiroaki Suga
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, 113-0033 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seino A K Jongkees
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences, VU Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands. .,Department of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, 113-0033 Tokyo, Japan
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71
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Chen FJ, Zheng M, Nobile V, Gao J. Fast and Cysteine-Specific Modification of Peptides, Proteins and Bacteriophage Using Chlorooximes. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200058. [PMID: 35167137 PMCID: PMC8986619 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This work reports a novel chlorooxime mediated modification of native peptides and proteins under physiologic conditions. This method features fast reaction kinetics (apparent k2 =306±4 M-1 s-1 for GSH) and exquisite selectivity for cysteine residues. This cysteine conjugation reaction can be carried out with just single-digit micromolar concentrations of the labeling reagent. The conjugates show high stability towards acid, base, and external thiol nucleophiles. A nitrile oxide species generated in situ is likely involved as the key intermediate. Furthermore, a bis-chlorooxime reagent is synthesized to enable facile Cys-Cys stapling in native peptides and proteins. This highly efficient cysteine conjugation and stapling was further implemented on bacteriophage to construct chemically modified phage libraries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fa-Jie Chen
- Department of Chemistry Boston College, Merkert Chemistry Center, 2609 Beacon Street, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
| | - Mengmeng Zheng
- Department of Chemistry Boston College, Merkert Chemistry Center, 2609 Beacon Street, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
| | - Vincent Nobile
- Department of Chemistry Boston College, Merkert Chemistry Center, 2609 Beacon Street, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
| | - Jianmin Gao
- Department of Chemistry Boston College, Merkert Chemistry Center, 2609 Beacon Street, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
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72
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Hanna CC, Kriegesmann J, Dowman LJ, Becker CFW, Payne RJ. Chemische Synthese und Semisynthese von lipidierten Proteinen. ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 134:e202111266. [PMID: 38504765 PMCID: PMC10947004 DOI: 10.1002/ange.202111266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
AbstractLipidierung ist eine ubiquitäre Modifikation von Peptiden und Proteinen, die entweder co‐ oder posttranslational auftreten kann. Für die Vielzahl von Lipidklassen wurde gezeigt, dass diese viele entscheidende biologische Aktivitäten, z. B. die Regulierung der Signalweiterleitung, Zell‐Zell‐Adhäsion sowie die Anlagerung von Proteinen an Lipid‐Rafts und Phospholipidmembranen, beeinflussen. Während die Natur Enzyme nutzt, um Lipidmodifikationen in Proteine einzubringen, ist ihre Nutzung für die chemoenzymatische Herstellung von lipidierten Proteinen häufig ineffizient. Eine Alternative ist die Kombination moderner synthetischer und semisynthetischer Techniken, um lipidierte Proteine in reiner und homogen modifizierter Form zu erhalten. Dieser Aufsatz erörtert Fortschritte in der Entwicklung der Lipidierungs‐ und Ligationschemie und deren Anwendung in der Synthese und Semisynthese homogen lipidierter Proteine, die es ermöglichen, den Einfluss dieser Modifikationen auf die Proteinstruktur und ‐funktion zu untersuchen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron C. Hanna
- School of ChemistryThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australien
| | - Julia Kriegesmann
- Institut für Biologische ChemieFakultät für ChemieUniversität WienWienÖsterreich
| | - Luke J. Dowman
- School of ChemistryThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australien
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein ScienceThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australien
| | | | - Richard J. Payne
- School of ChemistryThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australien
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein ScienceThe University of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australien
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73
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Siverino C, Fahmy-Garcia S, Mumcuoglu D, Oberwinkler H, Muehlemann M, Mueller T, Farrell E, van Osch GJVM, Nickel J. Site-Directed Immobilization of an Engineered Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (BMP2) Variant to Collagen-Based Microspheres Induces Bone Formation In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073928. [PMID: 35409290 PMCID: PMC8999711 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
For the treatment of large bone defects, the commonly used technique of autologous bone grafting presents several drawbacks and limitations. With the discovery of the bone-inducing capabilities of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2), several delivery techniques were developed and translated to clinical applications. Implantation of scaffolds containing adsorbed BMP2 showed promising results. However, off-label use of this protein-scaffold combination caused severe complications due to an uncontrolled release of the growth factor, which has to be applied in supraphysiological doses in order to induce bone formation. Here, we propose an alternative strategy that focuses on the covalent immobilization of an engineered BMP2 variant to biocompatible scaffolds. The new BMP2 variant harbors an artificial amino acid with a specific functional group, allowing a site-directed covalent scaffold functionalization. The introduced artificial amino acid does not alter BMP2′s bioactivity in vitro. When applied in vivo, the covalently coupled BMP2 variant induces the formation of bone tissue characterized by a structurally different morphology compared to that induced by the same scaffold containing ab-/adsorbed wild-type BMP2. Our results clearly show that this innovative technique comprises translational potential for the development of novel osteoinductive materials, improving safety for patients and reducing costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Siverino
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97070 Wuerzburg, Germany; (C.S.); (H.O.); (M.M.)
| | - Shorouk Fahmy-Garcia
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (S.F.-G.); (D.M.); (G.J.V.M.v.O.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Didem Mumcuoglu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (S.F.-G.); (D.M.); (G.J.V.M.v.O.)
- Fujifilm Manufacturing Europe B.V., 5047 TK Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Heike Oberwinkler
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97070 Wuerzburg, Germany; (C.S.); (H.O.); (M.M.)
| | - Markus Muehlemann
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97070 Wuerzburg, Germany; (C.S.); (H.O.); (M.M.)
| | - Thomas Mueller
- Department for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs Institute of the University Wuerzburg, 97082 Wuerzburg, Germany;
| | - Eric Farrell
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Gerjo J. V. M. van Osch
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands; (S.F.-G.); (D.M.); (G.J.V.M.v.O.)
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joachim Nickel
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97070 Wuerzburg, Germany; (C.S.); (H.O.); (M.M.)
- Fraunhofer ISC, Translational Center RT, 97070 Wuerzburg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-0931-3184122
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74
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White AM, Palombi IR, Malins LR. Umpolung strategies for the functionalization of peptides and proteins. Chem Sci 2022; 13:2809-2823. [PMID: 35382479 PMCID: PMC8905898 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06133j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Umpolung strategies, defined as synthetic approaches which reverse commonly accepted reactivity patterns, are broadly recognized as enabling tools for small molecule synthesis and catalysis. However, methods which exploit this logic for peptide and protein functionalizations are comparatively rare, with the overwhelming majority of existing bioconjugation approaches relying on the well-established reactivity profiles of a handful of amino acids. This perspective serves to highlight a small but growing body of recent work that masterfully capitalizes on the concept of polarity reversal for the selective modification of proteinogenic functionalities. Current applications of umpolung chemistry in organic synthesis and chemical biology as well as the vast potential for further innovations in peptide and protein modification will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M White
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Isabella R Palombi
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Lara R Malins
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
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75
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Cavaca LAS, Gomes RFA, Afonso CAM. Preparation of Thioaminals in Water. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27051673. [PMID: 35268774 PMCID: PMC8911761 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of sulfur–carbon bonds is transversal to several areas of chemistry, e.g., drug discovery, materials, and chemical biology. However, a lack of efficient and sustainable procedures for the preparation of thioaminals, the N,S-analogues of O,O-acetals, contributes to this functional group often being overlooked by the scientific community. In this work is described the formation of thioaminals in water promoted by copper(II) triflate.
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76
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Kowalska M, Bąchor R. Catch, Modify and Analyze: Methods of Chemoselective Modification of Cysteine-Containing Peptides. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27051601. [PMID: 35268701 PMCID: PMC8911932 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
One effective solution in the analysis of complex mixtures, including protein or cell hydrolysates, is based on chemoselective derivatization of a selected group of compounds by using selective tags to facilitate detection. Another method is based on the capture of the desired compounds by properly designed solid supports, resulting in sample enrichment. Cysteine is one of the rarest amino acids, but at least one cysteine residue is present in more than 91% of human proteins, which clearly confirms its important role in biological systems. Some cysteine-containing peptides may serve as significant molecular biomarkers, which may emerge as key indices in the management of patients with particular diseases. In the current review, we describe recent advances in the development of cysteine-containing peptide modification techniques based on solution and solid phase derivatization and enrichment strategies.
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77
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Wu Y, Li Y, Lv G, Bu W. Redox dyshomeostasis strategy for tumor therapy based on nanomaterials chemistry. Chem Sci 2022; 13:2202-2217. [PMID: 35310479 PMCID: PMC8864817 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc06315d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Redox homeostasis, as an innate cellular defense mechanism, not only contributes to malignant transformation and metastasis of tumors, but also seriously restricts reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated tumor therapies, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, photodynamic therapy (PDT), and chemodynamic therapy (CDT). Therefore, the development of the redox dyshomeostasis (RDH) strategy based on nanomaterials chemistry is of great significance for developing highly efficient tumor therapy. This review will firstly introduce the basic definition and function of cellular redox homeostasis and RDH. Subsequently, the current representative progress of the nanomaterial-based RDH strategy for tumor therapy is evaluated, summarized and discussed. This strategy can be categorized into three groups: (1) regulation of oxidizing species; (2) regulation of reducing species and (3) regulation of both of them. Furthermore, the current limitations and potential future directions for this field will be briefly discussed. We expect that this review could attract positive attention in the chemistry, materials science, and biomedicine fields and further promote their interdisciplinary integration. This review summarizes the current progress of the redox dyshomeostasis (RDH) strategy for tumor therapy. This strategy makes tumor cells more sensitive to current therapy patterns through using nanomaterials to disrupt redox homeostasis.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yelin Wu
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Tongji University Cancer Center, Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai P. R. China.,Department of Materials Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Yanli Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology & the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Guanglei Lv
- Department of Materials Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Wenbo Bu
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Tongji University Cancer Center, Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai P. R. China.,Department of Materials Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University Shanghai P. R. China
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78
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Allouche EMD, Grinhagena E, Waser J. Hypervalent Iodine‐Mediated Late‐Stage Peptide and Protein Functionalization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202112287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle M. D. Allouche
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL, SB ISIC, LCSO, BCH 1402 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Elija Grinhagena
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL, SB ISIC, LCSO, BCH 1402 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Jerome Waser
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL, SB ISIC, LCSO, BCH 1402 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
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79
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Wang CC, Wei SC, Luo SC. Recent Advances and Biomedical Applications of Peptide-Integrated Conducting Polymers. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:1916-1933. [PMID: 35119258 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c01194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Conducting polymers (CPs) are of great interests to researchers around the world in biomedical applications owing to their unique electrical and mechanical properties. Besides, they are easy to fabricate and have long-term stability. These features make CPs a powerful building block of modern biomaterials. Peptide functionalization has been a versatile tool for the development of CP-based biomaterials. With the aid of peptide modifications, the biocompatibility, target selectivity, and cellular interactions of CPs can be greatly improved. Reflecting these aspects, an increasing number of studies on peptide-integrated conducting polymers have been reported recently. In this review, various kinds of peptide immobilization strategies on CPs are introduced. Moreover, the aims of peptide modification are discussed in three aspects: enhancing the specific selectivity, avoiding nonspecific adhesion, and mimicking the environment of extracellular matrix. We highlighted recent studies in the applications of peptide-integrated CPs in electrochemical sensors, antifouling surfaces, and conductive biointerfaces. These studies have shown great potentials from the integration of peptide and CPs as a versatile platform for advanced biological and clinical applications in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Cha Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chen Wei
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, No.1 Jen Ai Road, Section 1, Taipei 10051, Taiwan
| | - Shyh-Chyang Luo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes (NHRI), Miaoli County, 35053 Taiwan
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80
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Wang S, Zhou Q, Li Y, Wei B, Liu X, Zhao J, Ye F, Zhou Z, Ding B, Wang P. Quinoline-Based Photolabile Protection Strategy Facilitates Efficient Protein Assembly. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:1232-1242. [PMID: 35034454 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c10324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Native chemical ligation (NCL) provides a powerful solution to assemble proteins with precise chemical features, which enables a detailed investigation of the protein structure-function relationship. As an extension to NCL, the discovery of desulfurization and expressed protein ligation (EPL) techniques has greatly expanded the efficient access to large or challenging protein sequences via chemical ligations. Despite its superior reliability, the NCL-desulfurization protocol requires orthogonal protection strategies to allow selective desulfurization in the presence of native Cys, which is crucial to its synthetic application. In contrast to traditional thiol protecting groups, photolabile protecting groups (PPGs), which are removed upon irradiation, simplify protein assembly and therefore provide minimal perturbation to the peptide scaffold. However, current PPG strategies are mainly limited to nitro-benzyl derivatives, which are incompatible with NCL-desulfurization. Herein, we present for the first time that quinoline-based PPG for cysteine can facilitate various ligation strategies, including iterative NCL and EPL-desulfurization methods. 7-(Piperazin-1-yl)-2-(methyl)quinolinyl (PPZQ) caging of multiple cysteine residues within the protein sequence can be readily introduced via late-stage modification, while the traceless removal of PPZQ is highly efficient via photolysis in an aqueous buffer. In addition, the PPZQ group is compatible with radical desulfurization. The efficiency of this strategy has been highlighted by the synthesis of γ-synuclein and phosphorylated cystatin-S via one-pot iterative ligation and EPL-desulfurization methods. Besides, successful sextuple protection and deprotection of the expressed Interleukin-34 fragment demonstrate the great potential of this strategy in protein caging/uncaging investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyao Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qingqing Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yunxue Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Bingcheng Wei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xinliang Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Farong Ye
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhongneng Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Bei Ding
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
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81
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Yang Z, Wang X, Liang G, Yang A, Li J. Photocontrolled chondrogenic differentiation and long-term tracking of mesenchymal stem cells in vivo by upconversion nanoparticles. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:518-536. [PMID: 34984430 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02074a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have multiple differentiation potentials and their clinical application is limited by controlled cell differentiation and long-term tracing in vivo. Here, we developed an upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP)-based nanoplatform for the photocontrolled chondrogenic differentiation and long-term tracking of MSCs in vivo. The UCNP nanoplatform could convert 980 nm near-infrared (NIR) light into UV/blue light (365/475 nm) and green/red light (545/647 nm) through Tm/Er doping. Then, the upconverted UV/blue light was used to drive the photosensitive molecule azobenzene (azo) that was modified in mesoporous silica to constantly change its conformation to trigger the release of kartogenin (KGN) from the UCNPs to induce the chondrogeni differentiation of MSCs, achieving photocontrolled cell differentiation. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated the effective induction of chondrogenic differentiation in MSCs by NIR light with the UCNP nanoplatform incubation. In addition, after inducing differentiation, the UCNP nanoplatform that remained in the cytoplasm was used as a nanoprobe to monitor the MSCs in vitro and in vivo using the upconverted green/red light under the NIR light. Therefore, the UCNP nanoplatform displayed potential to be a powerful tool for the control of cell differentiation and the simultaneous long-term tracking of MSCs in vivo for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Xichao Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.,Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Spectral Analysis and Functional Probes, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Guohai Liang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.,Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Spectral Analysis and Functional Probes, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Anli Yang
- Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Jinming Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.,Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Spectral Analysis and Functional Probes, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
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82
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Rodríguez J, Pérez-González C, Martínez-Calvo M, Mosquera J, Mascareñas JL. Deactivation of a dimeric DNA-binding peptide through a palladium-mediated self-immolative cleavage. RSC Adv 2022; 12:3500-3504. [PMID: 35425354 PMCID: PMC8979313 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra09180h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we describe an approach for the on-demand disassembly of dimeric peptides using a palladium-mediated cleavage of a designed self-immolative linker. The utility of the strategy is demonstrated for the case of dimeric basic regions of bZIP transcription factors. While the dimer binds designed DNA sequences with good affinities, the peptide–DNA complex can be readily dismounted by addition of palladium reagents that trigger the cleavage of the spacer, and the release of unfunctional monomeric peptides. A metallic trigger for disassembling and cancelling function.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Rodríguez
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Rúa Jenaro de la Fuente s/n Santiago de Compostela 15782 Spain
| | - Cibrán Pérez-González
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Rúa Jenaro de la Fuente s/n Santiago de Compostela 15782 Spain
| | - Miguel Martínez-Calvo
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Rúa Jenaro de la Fuente s/n Santiago de Compostela 15782 Spain
| | - Jesús Mosquera
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Rúa Jenaro de la Fuente s/n Santiago de Compostela 15782 Spain
| | - José L Mascareñas
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Rúa Jenaro de la Fuente s/n Santiago de Compostela 15782 Spain
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83
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Tang KC, Maddox SM, Backus KM, Raj M. Tunable heteroaromatic azoline thioethers (HATs) for cysteine profiling. Chem Sci 2022; 13:763-774. [PMID: 35173941 PMCID: PMC8768877 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc04139h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we report a new series of hydrolytically stable chemotype heteroaromatic azoline thioethers (HATs) to achieve highly selective, rapid, and efficient covalent labeling of cysteine under physiological conditions. Although the resulting cysteine-azoline conjugate is stable, we highlight traceless decoupling of the conjugate to afford unmodified starting components in response to reducing conditions. We demonstrated that HAT probes reverse the reactivity of nucleophilic cysteine to electrophilic dehydroalanine (Dha) under mild basic conditions. We demonstrated the umpolung capability of HAT probes for the modification of cysteine on peptides and proteins with various nucleophiles. We demonstrated that HAT probes increase the mass sensitivity of the modified peptides and proteins by 100 fold as compared to the classical methods. Finally, we extended the application of HAT probes for specific modification of cysteines in a complex cell lysate mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuei C Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University Atlanta GA 30322 USA
| | - Sean M Maddox
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA Los Angeles CA 90095 USA.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, UCLA Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Keriann M Backus
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA Los Angeles CA 90095 USA.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, UCLA Los Angeles CA 90095 USA
| | - Monika Raj
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University Atlanta GA 30322 USA
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84
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Kasper M, Lassak L, Vogl AM, Mai I, Helma J, Schumacher D, Hackenberger CPR. Bis‐ethynylphosphonamidates as an Modular Conjugation Platform to Generate Multi‐Functional Protein‐ and Antibody‐Drug‐Conjugates. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marc‐André Kasper
- Chemical Biology Department Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10 13125 Berlin Germany
- Department of Chemistry Humboldt Universität zu Berlin Brook-Taylor-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany
- Tubulis GmbH Butenandtstraße 1 81377 München Germany
| | - Lukas Lassak
- Chemical Biology Department Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10 13125 Berlin Germany
- Department of Chemistry Humboldt Universität zu Berlin Brook-Taylor-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany
| | | | - Isabelle Mai
- Tubulis GmbH Butenandtstraße 1 81377 München Germany
| | - Jonas Helma
- Tubulis GmbH Butenandtstraße 1 81377 München Germany
| | | | - Christian P. R. Hackenberger
- Chemical Biology Department Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP) Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10 13125 Berlin Germany
- Department of Chemistry Humboldt Universität zu Berlin Brook-Taylor-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany
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85
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Tassone G, Paolino M, Pozzi C, Reale A, Salvini L, Giorgi G, Orlandini M, Galvagni F, Mangani S, Yang X, Carlotti B, Ortica F, Latterini L, Olivucci M, Cappelli A. Xanthopsin-Like Systems via Site-Specific Click-Functionalization of a Retinoic Acid Binding Protein. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202100449. [PMID: 34647400 PMCID: PMC8934143 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The use of light-responsive proteins to control both living or synthetic cells, is at the core of the expanding fields of optogenetics and synthetic biology. It is thus apparent that a richer reaction toolbox for the preparation of such systems is of fundamental importance. Here, we provide a proof-of-principle demonstration that Morita-Baylis-Hillman adducts can be employed to perform a facile site-specific, irreversible and diastereoselective click-functionalization of a lysine residue buried into a lipophilic binding pocket and yielding an unnatural chromophore with an extended π-system. In doing so we effectively open the path to the in vitro preparation of a library of synthetic proteins structurally reminiscent of xanthopsin eubacterial photoreceptors. We argue that such a library, made of variable unnatural chromophores inserted in an easy-to-mutate and crystallize retinoic acid transporter, significantly expand the scope of the recently introduced rhodopsin mimics as both optogenetic and "lab-on-a-molecule" tools.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marco Paolino
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia (Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2022), Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Cecilia Pozzi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia (Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2022), Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Annalisa Reale
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia (Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2022), Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Laura Salvini
- Toscana Life Sciences Foundation, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Gianluca Giorgi
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia (Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2022), Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Maurizio Orlandini
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia (Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2022), Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Federico Galvagni
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia (Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2022), Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Stefano Mangani
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia (Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2022), Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Xuchun Yang
- Chemistry Department, Bowling Green State University, Overman Hall, Bowling Green, OH 43403, USA
| | - Benedetta Carlotti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto, 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Fausto Ortica
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto, 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Loredana Latterini
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Biologia e Biotecnologie, Università di Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto, 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Massimo Olivucci
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia (Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2022), Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy,Chemistry Department, Bowling Green State University, Overman Hall, Bowling Green, OH 43403, USA
| | - Andrea Cappelli
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia (Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2022), Università degli Studi di Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
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86
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Wang C, Zhao Y, Zhao J. Recent Advances in Chemical Protein Modification via Cysteine. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202203008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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87
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Jing Y, Liu Z, Li XD. Preparation of Site-Specific Succinylated Histone Mimics to Investigate Its Impact on Nucleosome Dynamics. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2530:141-157. [PMID: 35761047 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2489-0_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) of histones have been demonstrated to be the key regulating mechanism of nucleosome dynamics and chromatin structure. Lysine succinylation is a recently discovered PTM that plays critical roles in metabolism, epigenetic signaling, and is correlated with several diseases. One significant challenge in studying the effects of this modification on nucleosome dynamics is to obtain site-specifically modified histones. Here, we report the rapid site-specific incorporation of a succinylation mimic into histones, which facilitates the characterization of its impact on nucleosome dynamics with a Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihang Jing
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Xiang David Li
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China.
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88
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Kung KKY, Xu CF, O WY, Yu Q, Chung SF, Tam SY, Leung YC, Wong MK. Functionalized quinolizinium-based fluorescent reagents for modification of cysteine-containing peptides and proteins. RSC Adv 2022; 12:6248-6254. [PMID: 35424586 PMCID: PMC8981741 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08329e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of quinolizinium-based fluorescent reagents were prepared by visible light-mediated gold-catalyzed cis-difunctionalization between quinolinium diazonium salts and electron-deficient alkyne-linked phenylethynyl trimethylsilanes. The electron-deficient alkynyl group of the quinolizinium-based fluorescent reagents underwent nucleophilic addition reaction with the sulfhydryl group on cysteine-containing peptides and proteins. The quinolizinium-based fluorescent reagents were found to function as highly selective reagents for the modification of cysteine-containing peptides and proteins with good to excellent conversions (up to 99%). Moreover, the modified BCArg mutants bearing cationic quinolizinium compounds 1b, 1d, 1e and 1h exhibit comparable activity in enzymatic and cytotoxicity assays to the unmodified one. New quinolizinium-based fluorescent reagents were made by visible light-mediated gold-catalyzed cis-difunctionalization of quinolinium diazonium salts and trimethylsilyl alkyne derivatives.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Ka-Yan Kung
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cai-fung Xu
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Wa-Yi O
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qiong Yu
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Sai-Fung Chung
- Henry Cheng Research Laboratory for Drug Development, Lo Ka Chung Centre for Natural Anti-Cancer Drug Development, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Suet-Ying Tam
- Henry Cheng Research Laboratory for Drug Development, Lo Ka Chung Centre for Natural Anti-Cancer Drug Development, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yun-Chung Leung
- Henry Cheng Research Laboratory for Drug Development, Lo Ka Chung Centre for Natural Anti-Cancer Drug Development, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Man-Kin Wong
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
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89
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Nyandoro K, Lamb CMG, Yu H, Shi J, Macmillan D. Investigation of acyl transfer auxiliary-assisted glycoconjugation for glycoprotein semi-synthesis. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:8506-8514. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01633h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We explore reactions between sugar-linked acyl transfer auxiliaries and peptide or protein thioesters, and find that various glycoprotein analogues are accessible.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Haoran Yu
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Shi
- Department of Chemistry, UCL, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Derek Macmillan
- Department of Chemistry, UCL, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
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90
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Shen MH, Wang YJ, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Gu J, Liu XQ, Guo J, Ouyang M, Deng L, Xu HD. α-Vinyl azide–cysteine click coupling reaction enabled bioorthogonal peptide/protein modification. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00736c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
α-Alkyl and α-aryl vinyl azides were found to be able to couple with cysteine-derived alkyl thiols chemoselectively under mild conditions, providing the corresponding β-ketosulfides with simultaneous extrusion of N2 and ammonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Hua Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, 213164, China
| | - Yu-Jiao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, 213164, China
| | - Yong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, 213164, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, 213164, China
| | - Jie Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, 213164, China
| | - Xiao-Qian Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, 213164, China
| | - Jia Guo
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, 213164, China
| | - Mingxing Ouyang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, 213164, China
| | - Linhong Deng
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, 213164, China
| | - Hua-Dong Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, 213164, China
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91
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Sheykhloo H, Milani M, Najafi F, Bani F, Zarebkohan A. Conjugation of Gentamicin to Polyamidoamine Dendrimers Improved Anti-bacterial Properties against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Adv Pharm Bull 2021; 11:675-683. [PMID: 34888214 PMCID: PMC8642794 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2021.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to design gentamicin-conjugated poly (amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers to increase the therapeutic efficiency of gentamicin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Methods: Gentamicin-presenting dendrimers were synthesized using MAL-PEG3400-NHS as a redox-sensitive linker to attach gentamicin to the surface of G4 PAMAM dendrimers. The gentamicin molecules were thiolated by using Traut reagent. Then, the functionalized gentamicin molecules were attached to PEGylated PAMAM dendrimers through simple and high selectively maleimide (MAL)-thiol reaction. The structure of gentamicin-conjugated PAMAM dendrimers was characterized and confirmed using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential analysis, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging. The antibacterial properties of the synthesized complex were examined on P. aeruginosa and compared to gentamycin alone. Results: NMR, DLS, zeta potential analysis, and TEM imaging revealed the successful conjugation of gentamicin to PAMAM dendrimers. Data showed the appropriate physicochemical properties of the synthesized nanoparticles. We found a 3-fold increase in the antibacterial properties of gentamicin conjugated to the surface of PAMAM dendrimers compared to non-conjugated gentamicin. Based on data, the anti-biofilm effects of PAMAM-Gentamicin dendrimers increased at least 13 times more than the gentamicin in normal conditions. Conclusion: Data confirmed that PAMAM dendrimer harboring gentamicin could be touted as a novel smart drug delivery system in infectious conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Sheykhloo
- Biotechnology Department, Rabe Rashidi University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Morteza Milani
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farhood Najafi
- Department of Resin and Additives, Institute for Color Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhad Bani
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Zarebkohan
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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92
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Giri P, Pagar AD, Patil MD, Yun H. Chemical modification of enzymes to improve biocatalytic performance. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 53:107868. [PMID: 34774927 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2021.107868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Improvement in intrinsic enzymatic features is in many instances a prerequisite for the scalable applicability of many industrially important biocatalysts. To this end, various strategies of chemical modification of enzymes are maturing and now considered as a distinct way to improve biocatalytic properties. Traditional chemical modification methods utilize reactivities of amine, carboxylic, thiol and other side chains originating from canonical amino acids. On the other hand, noncanonical amino acid- mediated 'click' (bioorthogoal) chemistry and dehydroalanine (Dha)-mediated modifications have emerged as an alternate and promising ways to modify enzymes for functional enhancement. This review discusses the applications of various chemical modification tools that have been directed towards the improvement of functional properties and/or stability of diverse array of biocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritam Giri
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Amol D Pagar
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Mahesh D Patil
- Department of Nanomaterials and Application Technology, Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing (CIAB), Sector-81, PO Manauli, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Hyungdon Yun
- Department of Systems Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
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93
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Mazza T, Scalise M, Pappacoda G, Pochini L, Indiveri C. The involvement of sodium in the function of the human amino acid transporter ASCT2. FEBS Lett 2021; 595:3030-3041. [PMID: 34741534 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Alanine, serine, cysteine transporter 2 (ASCT2) is a membrane amino acid transporter with relevance to human physiology and pathology, such as cancer. Notwithstanding, the study on the ASCT2 transport cycle still has unknown aspects, such as the role of Na+ in this process. We investigate this issue using recombinant hASCT2 reconstituted in proteoliposomes. Changes in the composition of purification buffers show the crucial role of Na+ in ASCT2 functionality. The transport activity is abolished when Na+ is absent or substituted by Li+ or K+ in purification buffers. By employing a Na+ fluorometric probe, we measured an inwardly directed flux of Na+ and, by combining fluorometric and radiometric assays, determined a 2Na+ : 1Gln stoichiometry. Kinetics of Na+ transport suggest that pH-sensitive residues are involved in Na+ binding/transport. Our results clarify the role of Na+ on human ASCT2 transporter activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziano Mazza
- Department DiBEST (Biologia, Ecologia, Scienze Della Terra) Unit of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Mariafrancesca Scalise
- Department DiBEST (Biologia, Ecologia, Scienze Della Terra) Unit of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Gilda Pappacoda
- Department DiBEST (Biologia, Ecologia, Scienze Della Terra) Unit of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Lorena Pochini
- Department DiBEST (Biologia, Ecologia, Scienze Della Terra) Unit of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Cesare Indiveri
- Department DiBEST (Biologia, Ecologia, Scienze Della Terra) Unit of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy.,CNR Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnology (IBIOM), Bari, Italy
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94
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Chemical Approaches for Studying the Biology and Pharmacology of Membrane Transporters: The Histidine/Large Amino Acid Transporter SLC7A5 as a Benchmark. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216562. [PMID: 34770970 PMCID: PMC8588388 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The localization of membrane transporters at the forefront of natural barriers makes these proteins very interesting due to their involvement in the absorption and distribution of nutrients and xenobiotics, including drugs. Over the years, structure/function relationship studies have been performed employing several strategies, including chemical modification of exposed amino acid residues. These approaches are very meaningful when applied to membrane transporters, given that these proteins are characterized by both hydrophobic and hydrophilic domains with a different degree of accessibility to employed chemicals. Besides basic features, the chemical targeting approaches can disclose information useful for pharmacological applications as well. An eminent example of this picture is the histidine/large amino acid transporter SLC7A5, known as LAT1 (Large Amino Acid Transporter 1). This protein is crucial in cell life because it is responsible for mediating the absorption and distribution of essential amino acids in peculiar body districts, such as the blood brain barrier and placenta. Furthermore, LAT1 can recognize a large variety of molecules of pharmacological interest and is also considered a hot target for drugs due to its over-expression in virtually all human cancers. Therefore, it is not surprising that the chemical targeting approach, coupled with bioinformatics, site-directed mutagenesis and transport assays, proved fundamental in describing features of LAT1 such as the substrate binding site, regulatory domains and interactions with drugs that will be discussed in this review. The results on LAT1 can be considered to have general applicability to other transporters linked with human diseases.
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95
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Venugopal N, Moser J, Vojtíčková M, Císařová I, König B, Jahn U. Single Electron Transfer‐Induced Selective α‐Oxygenation of Glycine Derivatives. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Navyasree Venugopal
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Flemingovo nam. 2 16610 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Johannes Moser
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Flemingovo nam. 2 16610 Prague 6 Czech Republic
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy University of Regensburg Universitätsstr. 31 93040 Regensburg Germany
| | - Margaréta Vojtíčková
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Flemingovo nam. 2 16610 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Císařová
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry Faculty of Science Charles University Hlavova 8 12843 Prague 2 Czech Republic
| | - Burkhard König
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy University of Regensburg Universitätsstr. 31 93040 Regensburg Germany
| | - Ullrich Jahn
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences Flemingovo nam. 2 16610 Prague 6 Czech Republic
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96
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Allouche EMD, Grinhagena E, Waser J. Hypervalent Iodine-Mediated Late-Stage Peptide and Protein Functionalization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202112287. [PMID: 34674359 PMCID: PMC9299824 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202112287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hypervalent iodine compounds are powerful reagents for the development of novel transformations. As they exhibit low toxicity, high functional group tolerance, and stability in biocompatible media, they have been used for the functionalization of biomolecules. Herein, we report recent advances up to June 2021 in peptide and protein modification using hypervalent iodine reagents. Their use as group transfer or oxidizing reagents is discussed in this Minireview, including methods targeting polar, aromatic, or aliphatic amino acids and peptide termini.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle M D Allouche
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL, SB ISIC, LCSO, BCH 1402, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Elija Grinhagena
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL, SB ISIC, LCSO, BCH 1402, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jerome Waser
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Organic Synthesis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, EPFL, SB ISIC, LCSO, BCH 1402, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
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97
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Haque M, Forte N, Baker JR. Site-selective lysine conjugation methods and applications towards antibody-drug conjugates. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:10689-10702. [PMID: 34570125 PMCID: PMC8516052 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03976h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Site-selective protein modification is of significant interest in chemical biology research, with lysine residues representing a particularly challenging target. Whilst lysines are popular for bioconjugation, due to their nucleophilicity, solvent accessibility and the stability of the resultant conjugates, their high abundance means site-selectivity is very difficult to achieve. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) present a powerful therapeutic application of protein modification, and have often relied extensively upon lysine bioconjugation for their synthesis. Here we discuss advances in methodologies for achieving site-selective lysine modification, particularly within the context of antibody conjugate construction, including the cysteine-to-lysine transfer (CLT) protocol which we have recently reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Haque
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK.
| | - Nafsika Forte
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK.
| | - James R Baker
- Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK.
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98
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Hanna C, Kriegesmann J, Dowman L, Becker C, Payne RJ. Chemical Synthesis and Semisynthesis of Lipidated Proteins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202111266. [PMID: 34611966 PMCID: PMC9303669 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202111266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Lipidation is a ubiquitous modification of peptides and proteins that can occur either co‐ or post‐translationally. An array of different lipid classes can adorn proteins and has been shown to influence a number of crucial biological activities, including the regulation of signaling, cell–cell adhesion events, and the anchoring of proteins to lipid rafts and phospholipid membranes. Whereas nature employs a range of enzymes to install lipid modifications onto proteins, the use of these for the chemoenzymatic generation of lipidated proteins is often inefficient or impractical. An alternative is to harness the power of modern synthetic and semisynthetic technologies to access lipid‐modified proteins in a pure and homogeneously modified form. This Review aims to highlight significant advances in the development of lipidation and ligation chemistry and their implementation in the synthesis and semisynthesis of homogeneous lipidated proteins that have enabled the influence of these modifications on protein structure and function to be uncovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron Hanna
- The University of Sydney, Chemistry, 2006, Sydney, AUSTRALIA
| | - Julia Kriegesmann
- University of Vienna: Universitat Wien, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Vienna, AUSTRIA
| | - Luke Dowman
- The University of Sydney, School of Chemistry, 2006, Sydney, AUSTRALIA
| | - Christian Becker
- University of Vienna Faculty of Chemistry: Universitat Wien Fakultat fur Chemie, Institute of Biological Chemistry, Vienna, AUSTRIA
| | - Richard James Payne
- The University of Sydney, School of Chemistry, Eastern Avenue, 2006, Sydney, AUSTRALIA
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99
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Shimogawa M, Petersson EJ. New strategies for fluorescently labeling proteins in the study of amyloids. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2021; 64:57-66. [PMID: 34091264 PMCID: PMC8585672 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Amyloid proteins are widely studied, both for their unusual biophysical properties and their association with disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Fluorescence-based methods using site-specifically labeled proteins can provide information on the details of their structural dynamics and their roles in specific biological processes. Here, we describe the application of different labeling methods and novel fluorescent probe strategies to the study of amyloid proteins, both for in vitro biophysical experiments and for in vivo imaging. These labeling tools can be elegantly used to answer important questions on the function and pathology of amyloid proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Shimogawa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - E James Petersson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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100
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Zhang M, He P, Li Y. Contemporary Approaches to α,β-Dehydroamino Acid Chemical Modifications. Chem Res Chin Univ 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-021-1307-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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