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Xenogiannopoulou E, Medved M, Iliopoulos K, Couris S, Papadopoulos MG, Bonifazi D, Sooambar C, Mateo-Alonso A, Prato M. Nonlinear Optical Properties of Ferrocene- and Porphyrin–[60]Fullerene Dyads. Chemphyschem 2007; 8:1056-64. [PMID: 17352004 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200600760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel [60]fullerene-ferrocene and [60]fullerene-porphyrin dyads, in which a fullerene and an electron donating moiety are attached through a flexible triethylene glycol linker are synthesized and their nonlinear optical (NLO) response studied. Specifically, the third-order susceptibility chi(3) of all fullerene derivatives are measured in toluene solutions by the optical Kerr effect (OKE) technique using 532 nm, 35 ps laser pulses and their second hyperpolarizability gamma are determined. All fullerene dyads studied exhibit enhancement of their NLO response compared to pristine fullerenes which has been attributed to the formation of a charge separated state. All experimentally measured hyperpolarizability gamma values are also calculated by the semiempirical methods AM1 and PM3. A good correlation is found between the theoretical and experimental values, suggesting that simple semiempirical methods can be employed for the designing and optimization of the fullerene-containing dyads displaying improved nonlinear responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Xenogiannopoulou
- Institute of Chemical Engineering and High Temperature, Chemical Processes (ICEHT), Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), P.O. Box 1414, 26504 Patras, Greece
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52
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Zhao Y, Zhou N, Slepkov A, Ciulei S, McDonald R, Hegmann F, Tykwinski R. Donor/Acceptor Effects on the Linear and Nonlinear Optical Properties of Geminal Diethynylethenes (g-DEEs). Helv Chim Acta 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.200790092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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53
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Synthesis, electronic, and photophysical properties of cruciform OPE/OPV hybrid oligomer bridged bisfullerene triads. Tetrahedron Lett 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.03.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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54
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Shao G, Orita A, Nishijima K, Ishimaru K, Takezaki M, Wakamatsu K, Gleiter R, Otera J. Synthesis and Spectroscopic Studies of Arylethynylsilanes. Chem Asian J 2007; 2:489-98. [PMID: 17441186 DOI: 10.1002/asia.200700007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A variety of arylethynylsilanes (Ar-C[triple bond]C-C6H4-C[triple bond]C)(n)SiMe(4-n) were prepared successfully by reaction of the corresponding chlorosilanes Me(4-n)SiCl(n) with Ar-C[triple bond]C-C6H4-C[triple bond]CM (M = Li, MgBr), which was prepared by treatment of ethynyl(diarylethyne)s Ar-C[triple bond]C-C6H4-C[triple bond]CH with BuLi or MeMgBr. The ethynyl(diarylethyne)s were readily prepared in good yields by the double-elimination method: addition of lithium hexamethyldisilazide to a mixture of ArCH2SO2Ph, TMS-C[triple bond]C-C6H4-CHO, and ClP(O)(OEt)2, followed by desilylation. In the tetrakis(arylethynyl)silanes (Ar-C[triple bond]C-C6H4-C[triple bond]C)4Si thus prepared, through-space conjugation of four triple bonds on the silicon atom emerges as a result of participation of the silicon orbitals in the acetylenic pi orbitals. This participation enhances the emissive quantum yields of arylethynylsilanes with an increase in the number of arylethynyl moieties on silicon: quantum yields of emission (phiF) of 0.72 for (MeOC6H4-C[triple bond]C-C6H4-C[triple bond]C)4Si, 0.53 for (MeOC6H4-C[triple bond]C-C6H4-C[triple bond]C)2SiMe2, and 0.47 for MeO-C6H4-C[triple bond]C-C6H4-C[triple bond]CSiMe3 were obtained. Although this enhancement effect was also observed in the phenylethynylarylsilane (MeOC6H4-C[triple bond]C-C6H4)2SiMe2, the bis(arylethynyl)disilane (MeOC6H4-C[triple bond]C-C6H4-C[triple bond]C-SiMe2)2 exhibited non-enhanced emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Shao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Okayama University of Science, Ridai-cho, Okayama 700-0005, Japan
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55
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Yang J, Alemany LB, Driver J, Hartgerink JD, Barron AR. Fullerene-Derivatized Amino Acids: Synthesis, Characterization, Antioxidant Properties, and Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis. Chemistry 2007; 13:2530-45. [PMID: 17236230 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200601186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A series of [60]fullerene-substituted phenylalanine (Baa) and lysine derivatives have been prepared by the condensation of 1,2-(4'-oxocyclohexano)fullerene with the appropriately protected (4-amino)phenylalanine and lysine, respectively. Conversion of the imine to the corresponding amine is achieved by di-acid catalyzed hydroboration. The reduction of the imine is not accompanied by hydroboration of the fullerene cage. The [70]fullerene phenylalanine derivative has also been prepared as have the di-amino acid derivatives. The compounds were characterized by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, UV/Vis spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry. 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy allowed the observation of diastereomers. Fullerene-substituted peptides may be synthesized on relatively large scale by solid-phase peptide synthesis. The presence of the C60-substituted amino acid in a peptide has a significant effect on the secondary structures and self-assembly properties of peptides as compared to the native peptide. The antioxidant assay of Baa and a Baa-derived anionic peptide was determined to be significantly more potent than Trolox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhong Yang
- Richard E. Smalley Institute for Nanoscale Science and Technology, The Institute of Biosciences and Bioengineering, and Center for Biological and Environmental Nanotechnology, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA
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56
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Sakai N, Mareda J, Matile S. Ion channels and pores, made from scratch. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2007; 3:658-66. [PMID: 17882329 DOI: 10.1039/b704684g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We elaborate on the structural diversity well beyond the biological limitations that becomes accessible with synthetic ion channels and pores, and on the importance of advanced nanoarchitecture to create significant function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Sakai
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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57
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Elim HI, Anandakathir R, Jakubiak R, Chiang LY, Ji W, Tan LS. Large concentration-dependent nonlinear optical responses of starburst diphenylaminofluorenocarbonyl methano[60]fullerene pentads. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1039/b615697e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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58
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Levi N, Hantgan RR, Lively MO, Carroll DL, Prasad GL. C60-fullerenes: detection of intracellular photoluminescence and lack of cytotoxic effects. J Nanobiotechnology 2006; 4:14. [PMID: 17169152 PMCID: PMC1764419 DOI: 10.1186/1477-3155-4-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2006] [Accepted: 12/14/2006] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
We have developed a new method of application of C60 to cultured cells that does not require water-solubilization techniques. Normal and malignant cells take-up C60 and the inherent photoluminescence of C60 is detected within multiple cell lines. Treatment of cells with up to 200 μg/ml (200 ppm) of C60 does not alter morphology, cytoskeletal organization, cell cycle dynamics nor does it inhibit cell proliferation. Our work shows that pristine C60 is non-toxic to the cells, and suggests that fullerene-based nanocarriers may be used for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Levi
- Center for Nanotechnology and Molecular Materials and Department of Physics, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27105, USA
- Virginia Tech and Wake Forest University School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC 27105, USA
| | - Roy R Hantgan
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Mark O Lively
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - David L Carroll
- Center for Nanotechnology and Molecular Materials and Department of Physics, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27105, USA
| | - Gaddamanugu L Prasad
- Department of General Surgery, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
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59
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Orita A, Taniguchi H, Otera J. One-Shot Double Elimination Process: A Practical and Concise Protocol for Diaryl Acetylenes. Chem Asian J 2006; 1:430-7. [PMID: 17441079 DOI: 10.1002/asia.200600073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A variety of diaryl acetylenes were obtained in good yields when lithium hexamethyldisilazide was added to a solution of arylmethyl sulfone, aryl aldehyde, and chlorodiethylphosphate in THF. In this one-shot process, a number of transformations such as aldol reaction, phosphorylation of aldolate, and double elimination of the resulting beta-substituted sulfone proceeded successively to afford the desired acetylenes. The one-shot process was accelerated by the substitution of halogen atoms on the phenyl groups, and unsymmetrically substituted diaryl acetylenes were obtained without contamination of the dehalogenated products. Diaryl acetylenes with other substituents such as CF3, ethoxycarbonyl, dimethylamino, TMS-acetylene groups, as well as pyridinyl and thienyl moieties were also accessible with this method. However, methoxy-substituted compounds were obtained in moderate yields under the same conditions, but the yields were increased when lithium diisopropylamide was used instead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Orita
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Okayama University of Science, Ridai-cho, Okayama 700-0005, Japan.
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60
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61
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Chen Z, Xia C, Wu Y, Zuo X, Song Y. Synthesis, characterization and third-order nonlinear optical properties of bromo[tri-α-(2,4-dimethyl-3-pentyloxy)subphthalocyanine]boron complex. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2005.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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62
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63
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Atienza CM, Fernández G, Sánchez L, Martín N, Dantas IS, Wienk MM, Janssen RAJ, Rahman GMA, Guldi DM. Light harvesting tetrafullerene nanoarray for organic solar cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2006:514-6. [PMID: 16432567 DOI: 10.1039/b510234k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A light absorbing pi-conjugated oligomer-tetrafullerene nanoarray has been synthesized and its photophysical study reveals the presence of an intramolecular energy transfer. A phototovoltaic device fabricated from this nanoarray and poly(3-hexylthiophene) shows an external quantum efficiency of 15% at 500 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen M Atienza
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
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64
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Carano M, Marcaccio M, Paolucci F, Birkett P. Voltammetric characterization of C60(PhX)2 (X = H, Br) and digital simulation of their electrochemically-induced reactivity. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2006; 5:1132-6. [PMID: 17136278 DOI: 10.1039/b610329d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The electrochemistry of two new 1,7-diaryl C(60) phenylated derivatives is explored in THF at various temperatures (from 25 to -90 degrees C). While at room temperature their voltammetric response is that typically shown by fairly stable species, when the temperature drops a very high electrochemically induced reactivity is evidenced. The investigation of the voltammetric patterns supported by an extensive use of digital simulation techniques finally led to the formulation of a reaction mechanism that includes electrochemically-induced migration of the phenyl groups as a possible explanation of the observed behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Carano
- INSTM, Unit of Bologna, Dipartimento di Chimica G. Ciamician, Alma Mater Studiorum, Università degli Studi di Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
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65
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