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Moreira JP, Malta FDM, Diniz MA, Kikuchi L, Chagas AL, Lima LDSB, Gomes-Gouvêa MS, de Castro VFD, Santana RAF, Sumita NM, Paranagua Vezozzo DC, Carrilho FJ, Pinho JRR. Interferon lambda and hepatitis C virus core protein polymorphisms associated with liver cancer. Virology 2016; 493:136-41. [PMID: 27035616 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is often persistent and gradually advances from chronic hepatitis to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Worldwide, hepatocellular carcinoma is the fifth most common neoplasm. METHOD OF STUDY the Interferon lambda (IFNL) polymorphisms genotypes (rs8099917, rs12979860 and rs12980275) and the presence of mutations in HCV core protein were analyzed in 59 patients with HCC, and also in 50 cirrhotic patients (without HCC). RESULTS the rs12980275-AG genotype was associated with HCC on age-adjusted analysis (OR 2.42, 95% CI 1.03-5.69, P=0.043). Core substitutions R70Q and L91M were mainly found in genotype 1b isolates. Furthermore, a borderline level of statistical significance association was found among the presence of amino acid Glutamine (Q) in the position 70 and IFNL3 genotype AG (P=0.054). CONCLUSIONS the screening of these polymorphisms and functional studies would be useful in clinical practice for identifying groups at high risk of HCC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Paulo Moreira
- Laboratory of Tropical Gastroenterology and Hepatology "João Alves de Queiroz and Castorina Bittencourt Alves", LIM-07, Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Gastroenterology, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda de Mello Malta
- Laboratory of Tropical Gastroenterology and Hepatology "João Alves de Queiroz and Castorina Bittencourt Alves", LIM-07, Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Gastroenterology, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Márcio Augusto Diniz
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil; Samuel Oschin Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Luciana Kikuchi
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aline Lopes Chagas
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Livia de Souza Botelho Lima
- Laboratory of Tropical Gastroenterology and Hepatology "João Alves de Queiroz and Castorina Bittencourt Alves", LIM-07, Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Gastroenterology, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Michele Soares Gomes-Gouvêa
- Laboratory of Tropical Gastroenterology and Hepatology "João Alves de Queiroz and Castorina Bittencourt Alves", LIM-07, Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Gastroenterology, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Nairo Massakazu Sumita
- Central Laboratory Division of Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Flair José Carrilho
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Renato Rebello Pinho
- Laboratory of Tropical Gastroenterology and Hepatology "João Alves de Queiroz and Castorina Bittencourt Alves", LIM-07, Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Gastroenterology, University of São Paulo, School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil
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Ikezaki H, Nomura H, Furusyo N, Ogawa E, Kajiwara E, Takahashi K, Kawano A, Maruyama T, Tanabe Y, Satoh T, Nakamuta M, Kotoh K, Azuma K, Dohmen K, Shimoda S, Hayashi J. Efficacy of interferon-beta plus ribavirin combination treatment on the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in Japanese patients with chronic hepatitis C. Hepatol Res 2016; 46:E174-80. [PMID: 26189962 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.12555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM Although there is much evidence of an antitumor effect of pegylated interferon (IFN)-α-based treatment, limited data is available about that of IFN-β-based treatment. Our goal was to evaluate the impact of IFN-β plus ribavirin (RBV) treatment on the suppression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS This retrospective, multicenter study consisted of 124 chronic hepatitis C patients who were treated with IFN-β plus RBV treatment, including 61 with advanced fibrosis and five with pretreatment HCC. All participants were followed for a median of 2.8 years (range, 2.2-3.2) after the end of their antiviral treatment. The data of 112 patients who finished the treatment were available for analysis. Cox proportional hazard analyses were performed to determine factors significantly associated with HCC development. Cumulative incidence curves for HCC were plotted using the Kaplan-Meier method and differences between groups were assessed using the log-rank test. RESULTS The 2.9% rate of HCC development of patients with sustained virological response (SVR) was significantly lower (P = 0.027) than the 15.9% of non-SVR patients. Interestingly, no significant difference was observed between the rates of HCC development of patients with and without advanced fibrosis (P = 0.733), even though the SVR rate of patients with advanced fibrosis was significantly lower than that of those without advanced fibrosis (P < 0.001). Stepwise multivariable Cox analysis extracted that only SVR was significantly associated with HCC development (hazard ratio, 0.20; 95% confidence interval, 0.03-0.84, P = 0.027). CONCLUSION SVR was significantly associated with a lower risk of HCC development after IFN-β plus RBV treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Ikezaki
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital.,Department of Environmental Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka City, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Nomura
- The Center for Liver Disease, Shin-Kokura Hospital, Kitakyushu City, Japan
| | - Norihiro Furusyo
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital.,Department of Environmental Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka City, Japan
| | - Eiichi Ogawa
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital.,Department of Environmental Medicine and Infectious Disease, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka City, Japan
| | - Eiji Kajiwara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Steel Memorial Yawata Hospital, Kitakyushu City, Japan
| | | | - Akira Kawano
- Department of Medicine, Kitakyushu Municipal Medical Center, Kitakyushu City, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Maruyama
- Department of Medicine, Kitakyushu Municipal Medical Center, Kitakyushu City, Japan
| | - Yuichi Tanabe
- Department of Medicine, Fukuoka City Hospital, Fukuoka City, Japan
| | - Takeaki Satoh
- Center for Liver Disease, National Hospital Organization Kokura Medical Center, Kitakyushu City, Japan
| | - Makoto Nakamuta
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kyushu Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, Fukuoka City, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kotoh
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka City, Japan
| | - Koichi Azuma
- Department of Medicine, Kyushu Central Hospital, Fukuoka City, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Dohmen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chihaya Hospital, Fukuoka City, Japan
| | - Shinji Shimoda
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka City, Japan
| | - Jun Hayashi
- Kyushu General Internal Medicine Center, Hara-Doi Hospital, Fukuoka City, Japan
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Thillai K, Ross P, Sarker D. Molecularly targeted therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma - a drug development crisis? World J Gastrointest Oncol 2016; 8:173-85. [PMID: 26909132 PMCID: PMC4753168 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v8.i2.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is the fastest growing cause of cancer related death globally. Sorafenib, a multi-targeted kinase inhibitor, is the only drug proven to improve outcomes in patients with advanced disease offering modest survival benefit. Although comprehensive genomic mapping has improved understanding of the genetic aberrations in hepatocellular cancer (HCC), this knowledge has not yet impacted clinical care. The last few years have seen the failure of several first and second line phase III clinical trials of novel molecularly targeted therapies, warranting a change in the way new therapies are investigated in HCC. Potential reasons for these failures include clinical and molecular heterogeneity, trial design and a lack of biomarkers. This review discusses the current crisis in HCC drug development and how we should learn from recent trial failures to develop a more effective personalised treatment paradigm for patients with HCC.
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Dyal HK, Aguilar M, Bartos G, Holt EW, Bhuket T, Liu B, Cheung R, Wong RJ. Diabetes Mellitus Increases Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Patients: A Systematic Review. Dig Dis Sci 2016; 61:636-45. [PMID: 26703125 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-015-3983-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rising rates of obesity, diabetes mellitus (DM), and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) among chronic hepatitis C (HCV) patients may contribute to higher hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk. AIM To perform a systematic review evaluating the impact of DM, body mass index (BMI), or steatosis on HCC risk among chronic HCV patients. METHODS A structured keyword search of PubMed from January 1, 2001, to July 1, 2014, was performed to identify original articles evaluating the association of DM, BMI, or steatosis with HCC among adults with chronic HCV. Studies involving HCV patients co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, or other chronic liver diseases with the exception of NAFLD were excluded. Quality assessment utilized the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. RESULTS Nine studies (seven cohorts, two case-controls) met inclusion criteria for the final analysis. Five of seven studies analyzing DM demonstrated significantly increased HCC risk associated with concurrent DM with effect sizes ranging from HR 1.73 (95 % CI 1.30-2.30) to RR 3.52 (95 % CI 1.29-9.24). One of three studies analyzing BMI demonstrated a significant association with HCC risk (BMI ≥ 30.0 vs. BMI < 23: RR 4.13, 95 % CI 1.38-12.40). Two of the three studies analyzing steatosis demonstrated significantly higher risk of HCC associated with steatosis ranging from RR 2.81 (95 % CI 1.49-4.41) to OR 6.39 (95 % CI 1.04-39.35). CONCLUSIONS Concurrent DM is associated with increased HCC risk among chronic HCV patients. BMI and steatosis may also increase HCC risk, but the limitations of the current studies do not allow us to draw strong conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harleen K Dyal
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Alameda Health System - Highland Hospital, Highland Hospital - Highland Care Pavilion 5th Floor, Endoscopy Unit, 1411 East 31st Street, Oakland, CA, 94602, USA.
| | - Maria Aguilar
- Department of Medicine, Alameda Health System - Highland Hospital, 1411 East 31st Street, Oakland, CA, USA.
| | - Gabriella Bartos
- Department of Medicine, Alameda Health System - Highland Hospital, 1411 East 31st Street, Oakland, CA, USA.
| | - Edward W Holt
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Transplantation, California Pacific Medical Center, 2340 Clay Street, 3rd Floor, San Francisco, CA, 94115, USA.
| | - Taft Bhuket
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Alameda Health System - Highland Hospital, Highland Hospital - Highland Care Pavilion 5th Floor, Endoscopy Unit, 1411 East 31st Street, Oakland, CA, 94602, USA.
| | - Benny Liu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Alameda Health System - Highland Hospital, Highland Hospital - Highland Care Pavilion 5th Floor, Endoscopy Unit, 1411 East 31st Street, Oakland, CA, 94602, USA.
| | - Ramsey Cheung
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 750 Welch Road, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
| | - Robert J Wong
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Alameda Health System - Highland Hospital, Highland Hospital - Highland Care Pavilion 5th Floor, Endoscopy Unit, 1411 East 31st Street, Oakland, CA, 94602, USA.
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