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Herbet G, Duffau H. Revisiting the Functional Anatomy of the Human Brain: Toward a Meta-Networking Theory of Cerebral Functions. Physiol Rev 2020; 100:1181-1228. [PMID: 32078778 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00033.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
For more than one century, brain processing was mainly thought in a localizationist framework, in which one given function was underpinned by a discrete, isolated cortical area, and with a similar cerebral organization across individuals. However, advances in brain mapping techniques in humans have provided new insights into the organizational principles of anatomo-functional architecture. Here, we review recent findings gained from neuroimaging, electrophysiological, as well as lesion studies. Based on these recent data on brain connectome, we challenge the traditional, outdated localizationist view and propose an alternative meta-networking theory. This model holds that complex cognitions and behaviors arise from the spatiotemporal integration of distributed but relatively specialized networks underlying conation and cognition (e.g., language, spatial cognition). Dynamic interactions between such circuits result in a perpetual succession of new equilibrium states, opening the door to considerable interindividual behavioral variability and to neuroplastic phenomena. Indeed, a meta-networking organization underlies the uniquely human propensity to learn complex abilities, and also explains how postlesional reshaping can lead to some degrees of functional compensation in brain-damaged patients. We discuss the major implications of this approach in fundamental neurosciences as well as for clinical developments, especially in neurology, psychiatry, neurorehabilitation, and restorative neurosurgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Herbet
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, Montpellier, France; Team "Plasticity of Central Nervous System, Stem Cells and Glial Tumors," INSERM U1191, Institute of Functional Genomics, Montpellier, France; and University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Hugues Duffau
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, Montpellier, France; Team "Plasticity of Central Nervous System, Stem Cells and Glial Tumors," INSERM U1191, Institute of Functional Genomics, Montpellier, France; and University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Wang K, Li X, Huang R, Ding J, Song L, Han Z. The left inferior longitudinal fasciculus supports orthographic processing: Evidence from a lesion-behavior mapping analysis. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2020; 201:104721. [PMID: 31865263 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2019.104721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Orthographic processing is a critical stage in visual word recognition. However, the white-matter pathways that support this processing are unclear, as prior findings might have been confounded by impure behavioral measures, potential structural reorganization of the brain, and limited sample sizes. To address this issue, we investigated the correlations between the integrity of 20 major tracts in the whole brain and the pure orthographic index across 67 patients with short-term brain damage. The integrity of the tracts was measured by the lesion volume percentage and the mean fractional anisotropy value. The orthographic index was calculated as the residual of the orthographic tasks after regressing out corresponding nonorthographic tasks and the orthographic factor from the principal component analysis (PCA) on the basis of four orthographic tasks. We found significant correlations associated with the left inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF), even after controlling for the influence of potential confounding variables. These observations strengthen evidence for the vital role of the left ILF in orthographic processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xiaonan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ruiwang Huang
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Junhua Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston 77030, USA
| | - Luping Song
- Shenzhen University General Hospital, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Zaizhu Han
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
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Chen HF, Huang LL, Li HY, Qian Y, Yang D, Qing Z, Luo CM, Li MC, Zhang B, Xu Y. Microstructural disruption of the right inferior fronto-occipital and inferior longitudinal fasciculus contributes to WMH-related cognitive impairment. CNS Neurosci Ther 2020; 26:576-588. [PMID: 31901155 PMCID: PMC7163793 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims White matter hyperintensity (WMH) is the most common neuroimaging manifestation of cerebral small vessel disease and is related to cognitive dysfunction or dementia. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism and effective indicators to predict WMH‐related cognitive impairment. Methods We recruited 22 healthy controls (HC), 25 cases of WMH with normal cognition (WMH‐NC), and 23 cases of WMH with mild cognitive impairment (WMH‐MCI). All individuals underwent diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and a standardized neuropsychological assessment. Automated Fiber Quantification was used to extract altered DTI metrics between groups, and partial correlation was performed to assess the associations between WM integrity and cognitive performance. Furthermore, machine learning analyses were performed to determine underlying imaging markers of WMH‐related cognitive impairment. Results Our study found that mean diffusivity (MD) values of several fiber bundles including the bilateral anterior thalamic radiation (ATR), the left inferior fronto‐occipital fasciculus (IFOF), the right inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF), and the right superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) were negatively correlated with memory function, while that of the anterior component of the right IFOF and the posterior and intermediate component of the right ILF showed significant negative correlation with MMSE and episodic memory, respectively. Furthermore, machine learning analyses showed that the accuracy of recognizing WMH‐MCI patients from the WMH populations was up to 80.5% and the intermediate and posterior components of the right ILF and the anterior component of the right IFOF contribute the most. Conclusions Changes in the properties of DTI may be the potential mechanism of WMH‐related MCI, especially the right IFOF and the right ILF, which may become imaging markers for predicting WMH‐related cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Feng Chen
- Department of Neurology, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Brain Science, Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Clinic Medical Center for Neurology, Nanjing, China
| | - Li-Li Huang
- Department of Neurology, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Brain Science, Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Clinic Medical Center for Neurology, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui-Ya Li
- Department of Neurology, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Brain Science, Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Clinic Medical Center for Neurology, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Qian
- Department of Neurology, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Brain Science, Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Clinic Medical Center for Neurology, Nanjing, China
| | - Dan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Brain Science, Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Clinic Medical Center for Neurology, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhao Qing
- Department of Radiology, Afliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Cai-Mei Luo
- Department of Neurology, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Brain Science, Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Clinic Medical Center for Neurology, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng-Chun Li
- Department of Neurology, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Brain Science, Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Clinic Medical Center for Neurology, Nanjing, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Afliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Xu
- Department of Neurology, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Brain Science, Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Stroke Center for Diagnosis and Therapy, Nanjing, China.,Nanjing Clinic Medical Center for Neurology, Nanjing, China
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Del Tufo SN, Earle FS, Cutting LE. The impact of expressive language development and the left inferior longitudinal fasciculus on listening and reading comprehension. J Neurodev Disord 2019; 11:37. [PMID: 31838999 PMCID: PMC6912995 DOI: 10.1186/s11689-019-9296-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the first 3-years of life, as the brain undergoes dramatic growth, children begin to develop speech and language. Hallmarks of this progression are seen when children reach developmental milestones, forming the foundation of language. Expressive language milestones, such as the production of a child's first word, are delayed in 5-8% of children. While for some children delays in reaching these milestones are harbingers of developmental disorders, for others expressive language delays appear to resolve. Regardless of whether or not early language skills appear resolved, difficulty with later comprehension is a likely outcome. Whether this heightened risk for poor comprehension differs based on text features, individual characteristics, or receipt of intervention remains unknown. Moreover, this relationship between expressive language development and comprehension is not yet linked to neurobiology, though the inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF) is a potential neurobiological correlate. Therefore, we investigated the impact of, and interactions between, expressive language development, early intervention, and the ILF on comprehension. METHODS Longitudinal recurrent survival analyses predicted the risk of answering a comprehension question incorrectly. Predictors of comprehension included expressive language development, passage features, participant characteristics, fractional anisotropy, receipt of early intervention, and later diagnosis of speech or language disorders. RESULTS Children with later expressive language milestones had poorer comprehension. When comprehension text features were examined, children with later milestones had poorer listening and reading comprehension, and poorer narrative and expository comprehension. The left ILF acted as a neurodevelopmental correlate, one that moderated the relationship between expressive language milestones and comprehension. Specifically, the left ILF exacerbated the relationship for those who did not receive early intervention and buffered the relationship for those who received intervention services. Early intervention decreased the risk of poor comprehension by 39% for children later diagnosed with a speech or language disorder. CONCLUSIONS Early intervention should be provided for children with delayed expressive language milestones, particularly those who are at risk for speech or language disorders. The ILF plays a critical role in the relationship between expressive language development and comprehension, which may be that of a protective factor for children with the most severe early issues with speech and language.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie N Del Tufo
- Peabody College of Education and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, 416C One Magnolia Circle, Box 228, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA.,Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 6133 Medical Research Building III, 465 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.,Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University, 110 Magnolia Circle, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA.,College of Education and Human Development, University of Delaware, 106 Alison Hall West, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - F Sayako Earle
- Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Delaware, 100 Discovery Boulevard, Newark, DE, 19713, USA
| | - Laurie E Cutting
- Peabody College of Education and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, 416C One Magnolia Circle, Box 228, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA. .,Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 6133 Medical Research Building III, 465 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA. .,Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University, 110 Magnolia Circle, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA.
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Sarubbo S, Tate M, De Benedictis A, Merler S, Moritz-Gasser S, Herbet G, Duffau H. A normalized dataset of 1821 cortical and subcortical functional responses collected during direct electrical stimulation in patients undergoing awake brain surgery. Data Brief 2019; 28:104892. [PMID: 31886348 PMCID: PMC6921148 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2019.104892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this data article, we provide the dataset which served as the basis for our related research article “Mapping critical cortical hubs and white matter pathways by direct electrical stimulation: an original functional atlas of the human brain” [1], which represents the first probabilistic cortical and subcortical atlas of critical structures mediating human brain functions based on direct electrical stimulation (DES) in patients undergoing awake brain surgery. 1162 cortical and 659 subcortical DES-derived responses were recorded during testing of 16 functional domains in 256 patients undergoing awake surgery. Normalized [Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) 152] spatial coordinates for cortical and subcortical responses, and probabilistic heat maps for each functional domain, were computed using methods previously developed by our group [2,3]. Source data, including the MNI-normalized coordinates of all 1821 DES-derived cortical and subcortical data points, and multi-planar (MNI-152, T1 1mm) videos showing the probabilistic distribution of each functional domain are provided. This novel dataset can improve and refine our understanding about the functional anatomy of critical brain networks, and these data are made available for medical and neuroscience applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Sarubbo
- Division of Neurosurgery, Structural and Functional Connectivity Lab Project, Azienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari (APSS), 9 Largo Medaglie d'Oro, 38122, Trento, Italy
| | - Matthew Tate
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, 420 E Superior St, 60611, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alessandro De Benedictis
- Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, 4 Piazza Sant'Onofrio, 00165, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Sylvie Moritz-Gasser
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, 80 Avenue Augustin Fliche, Montpellier, France.,National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), U1051, Team "Plasticity of the Central Nervous System, Human Stem Cells and Glial Tumors", Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, Montpellier University Medical Center, 80 Av Augustin Fliche, Montpellier, France
| | - Guillaume Herbet
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, 80 Avenue Augustin Fliche, Montpellier, France.,National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), U1051, Team "Plasticity of the Central Nervous System, Human Stem Cells and Glial Tumors", Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, Montpellier University Medical Center, 80 Av Augustin Fliche, Montpellier, France
| | - Hugues Duffau
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, 80 Avenue Augustin Fliche, Montpellier, France.,National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), U1051, Team "Plasticity of the Central Nervous System, Human Stem Cells and Glial Tumors", Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, Montpellier University Medical Center, 80 Av Augustin Fliche, Montpellier, France
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Houston J, Allendorfer J, Nenert R, Goodman AM, Szaflarski JP. White Matter Language Pathways and Language Performance in Healthy Adults Across Ages. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:1185. [PMID: 31736704 PMCID: PMC6838008 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.01185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of this study was to determine the relationship between age-related white matter changes, with a specific focus on previously identified language pathways, and language functioning in healthy aging. 228 healthy participants (126 female; 146 right-handed), ages 18 to 76, underwent 3.0 Tesla MR diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and a battery of language assessments including the Boston Naming Test (BNT), the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT), the Controlled Oral Word Association Test (COWAT), Semantic Fluency Test (SFT), and a subset of the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination (CI-BDAE). Using tract based spatial statistics (TBSS), we investigated measurements of fractional anisotropy (FA), axial diffusivity (AD), radial diffusivity (RD), and mean diffusivity (MD). TBSS was used to create a white matter skeleton that was then used to analyze white matter changes (indexed by FA, AD, RD, and MD) with age and language performance. Results focused primarily on significant relationships (p < 0.05, cluster-wise FDR corrected for multiple comparisons) in the canonical language white matter pathways. We found a diffuse linear decrease with age in global white matter FA and a significant focal increase in FA with age within the bilateral superior cerebellar peduncles (SCPs). We observed that increased BNT scores were associated with increased FA within the left SLF, and within the posterior and antero-lateral portions of the right inferior frontal-occipital fasciculus (IFOF). Increased SFT and PPVT scores were associated with increased FA within the posterior portion of the right IFOF and increased FA within the left body of the corpus callosum was associated with lower COWAT scores. We found no association between FA and BDAE. MD, RD, and AD, were found to be inversely proportional to FA within the IFOF, with AD showing a negative correlation with SFT, and RD and MD showing a negative correlation with BNT. There was no association between CI-BDAE and any of the white matter measures. Significant differences between sexes included more pronounced FA decrease with age within the right SLF in males vs. females; there were no differences in language performance scores between sexes. We also found that there was no decline in language testing scores with increasing age in our cohort. Taken together, our findings of varying relationships between DTI metrics and language function within multiple regions of the non-dominant IFOF suggest that more robust language networks with bilateral structural connectivity may contribute to better overall language functioning, regardless of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Houston
- Department of Neurology, UAB Epilepsy Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Jane Allendorfer
- Department of Neurology, UAB Epilepsy Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Rodolph Nenert
- Department of Neurology, UAB Epilepsy Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Adam M. Goodman
- Department of Neurology, UAB Epilepsy Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Jerzy P. Szaflarski
- Department of Neurology, UAB Epilepsy Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Neurobiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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57
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Sarubbo S, Tate M, De Benedictis A, Merler S, Moritz-Gasser S, Herbet G, Duffau H. Mapping critical cortical hubs and white matter pathways by direct electrical stimulation: an original functional atlas of the human brain. Neuroimage 2019; 205:116237. [PMID: 31626897 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The structural and functional organization of brain networks subserving basic daily activities (i.e. language, visuo-spatial cognition, movement, semantics, etc.) are not completely understood to date. Here, we report the first probabilistic cortical and subcortical atlas of critical structures mediating human brain functions based on direct electrical stimulation (DES), a well-validated tool for the exploration of cerebral processing and for performing safe surgical interventions in eloquent areas. METHODS We collected 1162 cortical and 659 subcortical DES responses during testing of 16 functional domains in 256 patients undergoing awake surgery. Spatial coordinates for each functional response were calculated, and probability distributions for the entire patient cohort were mapped onto a standardized three-dimensional brain template using a multinomial statistical analysis. In addition, matching analyses were performed against prior established anatomy-based cortical and white matter (WM) atlases. RESULTS The probabilistic maps for each functional domain were provided. The topographical analysis demonstrated a wide spatial distribution of cortical functional responses, while subcortical responses were more restricted, localizing to known WM pathways. These DES-derived data showed reliable matching with existing cortical and WM atlases as well as recent neuroimaging and neurophysiological data. CONCLUSIONS We present the first integrated and comprehensive cortical-subcortical atlas of structures essential for humans' neural functions based on highly-specific DES mapping during real-time neuropsychological testing. This novel atlas can serve as a complementary tool for neuroscientists, along with data obtained from other modalities, to improve and refine our understanding of the functional anatomy of critical brain networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Sarubbo
- Division of Neurosurgery, Structural and Functional Connectivity Lab Project, Azienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari (APSS), 9 Largo Medaglie d'Oro, 38122, Trento, Italy.
| | - Matthew Tate
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, 420 E Superior St, 60611, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alessandro De Benedictis
- Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, 4 Piazza Sant'Onofrio, 00165, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Sylvie Moritz-Gasser
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, 80 Avenue Augustin Fliche, Montpellier, France; National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), U1051, Team ''Plasticity of the Central Nervous System, Human Stem Cells and Glial Tumors'', Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, Montpellier University Medical Center, 80 Av Augustin Fliche, Montpellier, France
| | - Guillaume Herbet
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, 80 Avenue Augustin Fliche, Montpellier, France; National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), U1051, Team ''Plasticity of the Central Nervous System, Human Stem Cells and Glial Tumors'', Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, Montpellier University Medical Center, 80 Av Augustin Fliche, Montpellier, France
| | - Hugues Duffau
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, 80 Avenue Augustin Fliche, Montpellier, France; National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), U1051, Team ''Plasticity of the Central Nervous System, Human Stem Cells and Glial Tumors'', Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, Montpellier University Medical Center, 80 Av Augustin Fliche, Montpellier, France
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Spang KM, Grimsen C, Brunner F, Fahle MW. Pure alexia with intact perception of complex visual stimuli: a case study. Neurocase 2019; 25:159-168. [PMID: 31282280 DOI: 10.1080/13554794.2019.1634739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
After a stroke involving the left occipitotemporal cortex our patient shows a word-length effect and has problems to identify letters or numbers in strings of symbols. But he is normal in identifying isolated letters and in non-verbally categorizing even complex images such as faces or natural scenes. His cortical lesion is stretching from the visual word form area (VWFA) anteriorly causing additional problems to name visual stimuli and to match acoustic stimuli with images. We conclude that our patient suffers from pure alexia without deficits to identify even complex visual stimuli. Our results directly contradict several explanations for letter-by-letter reading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karoline M Spang
- Department of Human-Neurobiology, University of Bremen , Bremen , Germany
| | - Cathleen Grimsen
- Department of Human-Neurobiology, University of Bremen , Bremen , Germany
| | - Freimuth Brunner
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum Bremen-Mitte , Bremen , Germany
| | - Manfred W Fahle
- Department of Human-Neurobiology, University of Bremen , Bremen , Germany
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59
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Cocquyt EM, Lanckmans E, van Mierlo P, Duyck W, Szmalec A, Santens P, De Letter M. The white matter architecture underlying semantic processing: A systematic review. Neuropsychologia 2019; 136:107182. [PMID: 31568774 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2019.107182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
From a holistic point of view, semantic processes are subserved by large-scale subcortico-cortical networks. The dynamic routing of information between grey matter structures depends on the integrity of subcortical white matter pathways. Nonetheless, controversy remains on which of these pathways support semantic processing. Therefore, a systematic review of the literature was performed with a focus on anatomo-functional correlations obtained from direct electrostimulation during awake tumor surgery, and conducted between diffusion tensor imaging metrics and behavioral semantic performance in healthy and aphasic individuals. The 43 included studies suggest that the left inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus contributes to the essential connectivity that allows semantic processing. However, it remains uncertain whether its contributive role is limited to the organization of semantic knowledge or extends to the level of semantic control. Moreover, the functionality of the left uncinate fasciculus, inferior longitudinal fasciculus and the posterior segment of the indirect arcuate fasciculus in semantic processing has to be confirmed by future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- E-M Cocquyt
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium; Research Group BrainComm, Ghent University, Belgium.
| | - E Lanckmans
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium; Research Group BrainComm, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - P van Mierlo
- Research Group BrainComm, Ghent University, Belgium; Department of Electronics and Information Systems, Medical Image and Signal Processing Group, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - W Duyck
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - A Szmalec
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Belgium; Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - P Santens
- Research Group BrainComm, Ghent University, Belgium; Department of Neurology, Ghent University Hospital, Belgium
| | - M De Letter
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium; Research Group BrainComm, Ghent University, Belgium
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Pina Rodrigues A, Rebola J, Pereira M, van Asselen M, Castelo-Branco M. Neural Responses of the Anterior Ventral Occipitotemporal Cortex in Developmental Dyslexia: Beyond the Visual Word Form Area. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2019; 60:1063-1068. [PMID: 30897621 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.18-26325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose For the past 2 decades, neuroimaging studies in dyslexia have pointed toward a hypoactivation of the ventral occipitotemporal cortex (VOTC), a region that has been closely associated to reading through the extraction of a representation of words which is invariant to position, size, font or case. However, most of the studies are confined to the visual word form area (VWFA), while recent studies have demonstrated a posterior-to-anterior gradient of print specificity along the VOTC. In our study, the whole VOTC, partitioned into three main patches of cortex, is assessed in dyslexic and control adults. Methods A total of 30 participants were included in this study (14 developmental dyslexics and 16 age- and education-matched controls). The design consisted of alternately viewed blocks of stimuli from a given class (words, consonant strings, phase-scrambled words, phase-scrambled consonant strings, small checkerboards, large checkerboards). The analyzed contrast was print stimuli (words and consonants) versus scrambled stimuli and checkerboards. Results Corroborating previous findings, our results showed underactivation to print stimuli in the VWFA of dyslexics. Additionally, differences between dyslexics and controls were also found, particularly in an area of the anterior partition of the VOTC, suggesting a relevant role of this area in word processing. Conclusions In sum, our study goes beyond the underactivation hypothesis in the VWFA of dyslexics and indicates that a particular area on the anterior fusiform region might be particularly involved in the reading deficits in dyslexia, demonstrating the involvement of multiple areas within VOTC in reading processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Pina Rodrigues
- Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (CNC.IBILI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José Rebola
- Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (CNC.IBILI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marcelino Pereira
- Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marieke van Asselen
- Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (CNC.IBILI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Miguel Castelo-Branco
- Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Life Sciences (CNC.IBILI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Coimbra Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Translational Research (CIBIT), Institute of Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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61
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van Ierschot F, Bastiaanse R, Miceli G. Evaluating Spelling in Glioma Patients Undergoing Awake Surgery: a Systematic Review. Neuropsychol Rev 2018; 28:470-495. [DOI: 10.1007/s11065-018-9391-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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62
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Saban W, Gabay S, Kalanthroff E. More than just channeling: The role of subcortical mechanisms in executive functions - Evidence from the Stroop task. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2018; 189:36-42. [PMID: 28291524 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2016] [Revised: 01/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The literature has long emphasized the role of the cerebral cortex in executive functions. Recently, however, several researchers have suggested that subcortical areas might also be involved in executive functions. The current study explored the possibility that subcortical mechanisms have a functional role in adaptive resolution of Stroop interference. We asked 20 participants to complete a cued task-switching Stroop task with variable cue-target intervals (CTI). Using a stereoscope, we manipulated which eye was shown the relevant dimension and which was shown the irrelevant dimension. This technique allowed us to examine the involvement of monocularly segregated - subcortical - regions of the visual processing stream. The interference effect was modulated by this eye-of-origin manipulation in the 0 CTI condition. This finding provides a novel indication for the notion that subcortical regions have a functional role in the resolution of Stroop interference. This indication suggests that cortical regions are not solely involved and that a dynamic interaction between cortical and subcortical regions is involved in executive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Saban
- Department of Psychology and the Institute of Information Processing and Decision Making (IIPDM), University of Haifa, Israel.
| | - Shai Gabay
- Department of Psychology and the Institute of Information Processing and Decision Making (IIPDM), University of Haifa, Israel
| | - Eyal Kalanthroff
- Department of Psychology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
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63
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Ruis C. Monitoring cognition during awake brain surgery in adults: A systematic review. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2018; 40:1081-1104. [DOI: 10.1080/13803395.2018.1469602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Ruis
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Experimental Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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64
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Rofes A, Mandonnet E, de Aguiar V, Rapp B, Tsapkini K, Miceli G. Language processing from the perspective of electrical stimulation mapping. Cogn Neuropsychol 2018; 36:117-139. [PMID: 29996708 DOI: 10.1080/02643294.2018.1485636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Electrical Stimulation (ES) is a neurostimulation technique that is used to localize language functions in the brain of people with intractable epilepsy and/or brain tumors. We reviewed 25 ES articles published between 1984 and 2018 and interpreted them from a cognitive neuropsychological perspective. Our aim was to highlight ES as a tool to further our understanding of cognitive models of language. We focused on associations and dissociations between cognitive functions within the framework of two non-neuroanatomically specified models of language. Also, we discussed parallels between the ES and the stroke literatures and showed how ES data can help us to generate hypotheses regarding how language is processed. A good understanding of cognitive models of language is essential to motivate task selection and to tailor surgical procedures, for example, by avoiding testing the same cognitive functions and understanding which functions may be more or less relevant to be tested during surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrià Rofes
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin , Dublin , Ireland.,Department of Cognitive Science, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Emmanuel Mandonnet
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lariboisière Hospital , Paris , France.,University Diderot Paris 7 , Paris , France.,Frontlab, INSERM, ICM , Paris , France
| | - Vânia de Aguiar
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Brenda Rapp
- Department of Cognitive Science, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Kyrana Tsapkini
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Gabriele Miceli
- Center for Mind and Brain Sciences, University of Trento , Trento , Italy
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65
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Herbet G, Moritz-Gasser S, Lemaitre AL, Almairac F, Duffau H. Functional compensation of the left inferior longitudinal fasciculus for picture naming. Cogn Neuropsychol 2018; 36:140-157. [DOI: 10.1080/02643294.2018.1477749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Herbet
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, Montpellier, France
- Institute for Neuroscience of Montpellier, INSERM U1051 (Plasticity of Central Nervous System, Human Stem Cells and Glial Tumors research group), Montpellier, France
- Department of Medicine, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Sylvie Moritz-Gasser
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, Montpellier, France
- Institute for Neuroscience of Montpellier, INSERM U1051 (Plasticity of Central Nervous System, Human Stem Cells and Glial Tumors research group), Montpellier, France
- Department of Medicine, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Anne-Laure Lemaitre
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, Montpellier, France
- Department of Psychology, University of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Fabien Almairac
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nice University Medical Center, Nice, France
| | - Hugues Duffau
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, Montpellier, France
- Institute for Neuroscience of Montpellier, INSERM U1051 (Plasticity of Central Nervous System, Human Stem Cells and Glial Tumors research group), Montpellier, France
- Department of Medicine, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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66
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Panesar SS, Yeh FC, Jacquesson T, Hula W, Fernandez-Miranda JC. A Quantitative Tractography Study Into the Connectivity, Segmentation and Laterality of the Human Inferior Longitudinal Fasciculus. Front Neuroanat 2018; 12:47. [PMID: 29922132 PMCID: PMC5996125 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2018.00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The human inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF) is a ventral, temporo-occipital association tract. Though described in early neuroanatomical works, its existence was later questioned. Application of in vivo tractography to the neuroanatomical study of the ILF has generally confirmed its existence, however, consensus is lacking regarding its subdivision, laterality and connectivity. Further, there is a paucity of detailed neuroanatomic data pertaining to the exact anatomy of the ILF. Generalized Q-Sampling imaging (GQI) is a non-tensor tractographic modality permitting high resolution imaging of white-matter structures. As it is a non-tensor modality, it permits visualization of crossing fibers and accurate delineation of close-proximity fiber-systems. We applied deterministic GQI tractography to data from 30 healthy subjects and a large-volume, averaged diffusion atlas, to delineate ILF anatomy. Post-mortem white matter dissection was also carried out in three cadaveric specimens for further validation. The ILF was found in all 60 hemispheres. At its occipital extremity, ILF fascicles demonstrated a bifurcated, ventral-dorsal morphological termination pattern, which we used to further subdivide the bundle for detailed analysis. These divisions were consistent across the subject set and within the atlas. We applied quantitative techniques to study connectivity strength of the ILF at its anterior and posterior extremities. Overall, both morphological divisions, and the un-separated ILF, demonstrated strong leftward-lateralized connectivity patterns. Leftward-lateralization was also found for ILF volumes across the subject set. Due to connective and volumetric leftward-dominance and ventral location, we postulate the ILFs role in the semantic system. Further, our results are in agreement with functional and lesion-based postulations pertaining to the ILFs role in facial recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandip S Panesar
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Fang-Cheng Yeh
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Timothée Jacquesson
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - William Hula
- Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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Su M, Zhao J, Thiebaut de Schotten M, Zhou W, Gong G, Ramus F, Shu H. Alterations in white matter pathways underlying phonological and morphological processing in Chinese developmental dyslexia. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2018; 31:11-19. [PMID: 29727819 PMCID: PMC6969203 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Chinese is a logographic language that is different from alphabetic languages in visual and semantic complexity. Thus far, it is still unclear whether Chinese children with dyslexia show similar disruption of white matter pathways as in alphabetic languages. The present study focused on the alteration of white matter pathways in Chinese children with dyslexia. Using diffusion tensor imaging tractography, the bilateral arcuate fasciculus (AF-anterior, AF-posterior and AF-direct segments), inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF) and inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF) were delineated in each individual’s native space. Compared with age-matched controls, Chinese children with dyslexia showed reduced fractional anisotropy in the left AF-direct and the left ILF. Further regression analyses revealed a functional dissociation between the left AF-direct and the left ILF. The AF-direct tract integrity was associated with phonological processing skill, an ability important for reading in all writing systems, while the ILF integrity was associated with morphological processing skill, an ability more strongly recruited for Chinese reading. In conclusion, the double disruption locus in Chinese children with dyslexia, and the functional dissociation between dorsal and ventral pathways reflect both universal and specific properties of reading in Chinese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Su
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China; Laboratoire de Sciences Cognitives et Psycholinguistique (ENS, CNRS, EHESS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, Paris, France; College of Elementary Education, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Zhao
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University and Key Laboratory for Behavior and Cognitive Neuroscience of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
| | - Michel Thiebaut de Schotten
- Brain Connectivity and Behaviour Group, Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), CNRS UMR 7225, INSERM-UPMC UMRS 1127, Paris, France
| | - Wei Zhou
- Beijing Key Lab of Learning and Cognition, School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Gaolang Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Franck Ramus
- Laboratoire de Sciences Cognitives et Psycholinguistique (ENS, CNRS, EHESS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, Paris, France.
| | - Hua Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
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68
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Duffau H. The error of Broca: From the traditional localizationist concept to a connectomal anatomy of human brain. J Chem Neuroanat 2018; 89:73-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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69
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Herbet G, Moritz-Gasser S, Boiseau M, Duvaux S, Cochereau J, Duffau H. Converging evidence for a cortico-subcortical network mediating lexical retrieval. Brain 2018; 139:3007-3021. [PMID: 27604309 DOI: 10.1093/brain/aww220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Herbet
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, F-34295, Montpellier, France.,Institute for Neuroscience of Montpellier (INM), INSERM-1051, Team 4, Saint-Eloi Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, F-34091, Montpellier, France
| | - Sylvie Moritz-Gasser
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, F-34295, Montpellier, France.,Institute for Neuroscience of Montpellier (INM), INSERM-1051, Team 4, Saint-Eloi Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, F-34091, Montpellier, France.,Department of Neurology, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, F-34295, Montpellier, France
| | - Morgane Boiseau
- Department of Neurology, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, F-34295, Montpellier, France
| | - Sophie Duvaux
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, F-34295, Montpellier, France
| | - Jérôme Cochereau
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, F-34295, Montpellier, France
| | - Hugues Duffau
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, F-34295, Montpellier, France.,Institute for Neuroscience of Montpellier (INM), INSERM-1051, Team 4, Saint-Eloi Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, F-34091, Montpellier, France
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Cochereau J, Deverdun J, Herbet G, Charroud C, Boyer A, Moritz-Gasser S, Le Bars E, Molino F, Bonafé A, Menjot de Champfleur N, Duffau H. Comparison between resting state fMRI networks and responsive cortical stimulations in glioma patients. Hum Brain Mapp 2018; 37:3721-3732. [PMID: 27246771 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Revised: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To validate the functional relevance of resting state networks (RSNs) by means of a comparison of resting state connectivity (RSC) between language regions elicited by direct cortical stimulation versus RSC between random regions; and to evaluate the accuracy of resting state fMRI in surgical planning by assessing the overlap between RSNs and intraoperative functional mapping results. METHODS Sensorimotor and language eloquent sites were identified by direct electrical cortical stimulation in 98 patients with a diffuse low-grade glioma. A seed to voxel analysis with inter-language stimulation point connectivity versus inter-random ROIs connectivity was performed (19 patients). An independant component analysis (ICA) was also applied to rsfMRI data. Language and sensorimotor components were selected over 20 independent components and compared to the corresponding stimulation points and resected cortex masks (31 and 90 patients, respectively). RESULTS Mean connectivity value between language seeds was significantly higher than the one between random seeds (0.68 ± 0.39 and 0.12 ± 0.21 respectively, P < 10-10 ). 96 ± 11% of sensorimotor stimulation points were located within 10 mm from sensorimotor ICA maps versus 92 ± 21% for language. 3.1 and 15% of resected cortex overlapped sensorimotor and language networks, respectively. Mean sensorimotor stimulation points and resected cortex z-scores were 2.0 ± 1.2 and -0.050 ± 0.60, respectively (P < 10-10 ). Mean language stimulation points and resected cortex z-scores were 1.6 ± 1.9 and 0.68 ± 0.91, respectively, P < 0.005. CONCLUSION The significantly higher RSC between language seeds than between random seeds validated the functional relevance of RSC. ICA partly succeeded to distinguish eloquent versus surgically removable areas and may be possibly used as a complementary tool to intraoperative mapping. Hum Brain Mapp 37:3721-3732, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Cochereau
- Department of Neurosurgery, Montpellier University Hospital Center, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, France.,Unité I2FH, Institut d'Imagerie Fonctionnelle Humaine, Montpellier University Hospital Center, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, France.,Team "Plasticity of Central Nervous System, Stem Cells and Glial Tumors", INSERM U1051, Institute of Neurosciences of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Department of Neuroradiology, Montpellier University Hospital Center, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Jérémy Deverdun
- Unité I2FH, Institut d'Imagerie Fonctionnelle Humaine, Montpellier University Hospital Center, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, France.,Department of Neuroradiology, Montpellier University Hospital Center, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, France.,Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Unité UMR 5203 - INSERM U661 - Université Montpellier II - Université Montpellier I, France.,Laboratoire Charles Coulomb, Unité CNRS UMR 5221 - Université Montpellier II, Montpellier, France
| | - Guillaume Herbet
- Department of Neurosurgery, Montpellier University Hospital Center, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, France.,Team "Plasticity of Central Nervous System, Stem Cells and Glial Tumors", INSERM U1051, Institute of Neurosciences of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Céline Charroud
- Unité I2FH, Institut d'Imagerie Fonctionnelle Humaine, Montpellier University Hospital Center, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, France.,Department of Neuroradiology, Montpellier University Hospital Center, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Anthony Boyer
- Unité I2FH, Institut d'Imagerie Fonctionnelle Humaine, Montpellier University Hospital Center, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, France.,University of Montpellier 2, LIRMM laboratory, DEMAR Team, CNRS, INRIA, Montpellier, 34095, France
| | - Sylvie Moritz-Gasser
- Department of Neurosurgery, Montpellier University Hospital Center, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, France.,Team "Plasticity of Central Nervous System, Stem Cells and Glial Tumors", INSERM U1051, Institute of Neurosciences of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Emmanuelle Le Bars
- Unité I2FH, Institut d'Imagerie Fonctionnelle Humaine, Montpellier University Hospital Center, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, France.,Department of Neuroradiology, Montpellier University Hospital Center, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, France.,Laboratoire Charles Coulomb, Unité CNRS UMR 5221 - Université Montpellier II, Montpellier, France
| | - François Molino
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Unité UMR 5203 - INSERM U661 - Université Montpellier II - Université Montpellier I, France.,Laboratoire Charles Coulomb, Unité CNRS UMR 5221 - Université Montpellier II, Montpellier, France
| | - Alain Bonafé
- Unité I2FH, Institut d'Imagerie Fonctionnelle Humaine, Montpellier University Hospital Center, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, France.,Team "Plasticity of Central Nervous System, Stem Cells and Glial Tumors", INSERM U1051, Institute of Neurosciences of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Department of Neuroradiology, Montpellier University Hospital Center, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Menjot de Champfleur
- Unité I2FH, Institut d'Imagerie Fonctionnelle Humaine, Montpellier University Hospital Center, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, France.,Team "Plasticity of Central Nervous System, Stem Cells and Glial Tumors", INSERM U1051, Institute of Neurosciences of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Department of Neuroradiology, Montpellier University Hospital Center, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, France.,Laboratoire Charles Coulomb, Unité CNRS UMR 5221 - Université Montpellier II, Montpellier, France
| | - Hugues Duffau
- Department of Neurosurgery, Montpellier University Hospital Center, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, France.,Team "Plasticity of Central Nervous System, Stem Cells and Glial Tumors", INSERM U1051, Institute of Neurosciences of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Bourdillon P, Apra C, Guénot M, Duffau H. Similarities and differences in neuroplasticity mechanisms between brain gliomas and nonlesional epilepsy. Epilepsia 2017; 58:2038-2047. [PMID: 29105067 DOI: 10.1111/epi.13935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the conceptual and practical implications of a hodotopic approach in neurosurgery, and to compare the similarities and the differences in neuroplasticity mechanisms between low-grade gliomas and nonlesional epilepsy. METHODS We review the recent data about the hodotopic organization of the brain connectome, alongside the organization of epileptic networks, and analyze how these two structures interact, suggesting therapeutic prospects. Then we focus on the mechanisms of neuroplasticity involved in glioma natural course and after glioma surgery. Comparing these mechanisms with those in action in an epileptic brain highlights their differences, but more importantly, gives an original perspective to the consequences of surgery on an epileptic brain and what could be expected after pathologic white matter removal. RESULTS The organization of the brain connectome and the neuroplasticity is the same in all humans, but different pathologic mechanisms are involved, and specific therapeutic approaches have been developed in epilepsy and glioma surgery. We demonstrate that the "connectome" point of view can enrich epilepsy care. We also underscore how theoretical and practical tools commonly used in epilepsy investigations, such as invasive electroencephalography, can be of great help in awake surgery in general. SIGNIFICANCE Putting together advances in understanding of connectomics and neuroplasticity, leads to significant conceptual improvements in epilepsy surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Bourdillon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Brain and Spine Institute, INSERM U1127, CNRS 7225, Paris, France.,Claude Bernard University, University of Lyon, Lyon, France.,Pierre and Marie Curie University, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Apra
- Pierre and Marie Curie University, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Marc Guénot
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Brain and Spine Institute, INSERM U1127, CNRS 7225, Paris, France.,Neuroscience Research Center of Lyon, INSERM U1028, CNRS 5292, Lyon, France
| | - Hugues Duffau
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, France.,University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, INSERM U1051, Montpellier, France
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Individual differences in white matter microstructure predict semantic control. COGNITIVE AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2017; 16:1003-1016. [PMID: 27444936 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-016-0448-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In everyday conversation, we make many rapid choices between competing concepts and words in order to convey our intent. This process is termed semantic control, and it is thought to rely on information transmission between a distributed semantic store in the temporal lobes and a more discrete region, optimized for retrieval and selection, in the left inferior frontal gyrus. Here, we used diffusion tensor imaging in a group of neurologically normal young adults to investigate the relationship between semantic control and white matter tracts that have been implicated in semantic memory retrieval. Participants completed a verb generation task that taps semantic control (Snyder & Munakata, 2008; Snyder et al., 2010) and underwent a diffusion imaging scan. Deterministic tractography was performed to compute indices representing the microstructural properties of the inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF), the uncinate fasciculus (UF), and the inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF). Microstructural measures of the UF failed to predict semantic control performance. However, there was a significant relationship between microstructure of the left IFOF and ILF and individual differences in semantic control. Our findings support the view put forth by Duffau (2013) that the IFOF is a key structural pathway in semantic retrieval.
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Latini F, Mårtensson J, Larsson EM, Fredrikson M, Åhs F, Hjortberg M, Aldskogius H, Ryttlefors M. Segmentation of the inferior longitudinal fasciculus in the human brain: A white matter dissection and diffusion tensor tractography study. Brain Res 2017; 1675:102-115. [PMID: 28899757 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The inferior longitudinal fascicle (ILF) is one of the major occipital-temporal association pathways. Several studies have mapped its hierarchical segmentation to specific functions. There is, however, no consensus regarding a detailed description of ILF fibre organisation. The aim of this study was to establish whether the ILF has a constant number of subcomponents. A secondary aim was to determine the quantitative diffusion proprieties of each subcomponent and assess their anatomical trajectories and connectivity patterns. A white matter dissection of 14 post-mortem normal human hemispheres was conducted to define the course of the ILF and its subcomponents. These anatomical results were then investigated in 24 right-handed, healthy volunteers using in vivo diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and streamline tractography. Fractional anisotropy (FA), volume, fibre length and the symmetry coefficient of each fibre group were analysed. In order to show the connectivity pattern of the ILF, we also conducted an analysis of the cortical terminations of each segment. We confirmed that the main structure of the ILF is composed of three constant components reflecting the occipital terminations: the fusiform, the lingual and the dorsolateral-occipital. ILF volume was significantly lateralised to the right. The examined indices of ILF subcomponents did not show any significant difference in lateralisation. The connectivity pattern and the quantitative distribution of ILF subcomponents suggest a pivotal role for this bundle in integrating information from highly specialised modular visual areas with activity in anterior temporal territory, which has been previously shown to be important for memory and emotions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Latini
- Department of Neuroscience, Neurosurgery, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Johanna Mårtensson
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Radiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Elna-Marie Larsson
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Radiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mats Fredrikson
- Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Åhs
- Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats Hjortberg
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Education, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Håkan Aldskogius
- Department of Neuroscience, Regenerative Neurobiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mats Ryttlefors
- Department of Neuroscience, Neurosurgery, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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74
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Kurt Goldstein and his nonlocationist thoughts on aphasia-a pioneer of early network theories at the beginning of the twentieth century? Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2017; 159:1179-1185. [PMID: 28547519 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-017-3209-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In between Carl Wernicke's locationist aphasia concept from 1874 and Norman Geschwind's new connectionist model of human brain functions in 1965, little notice was taken of the historical debate on aphasia and brain plasticity. Interestingly, Kurt Goldstein made long-forgotten, but highly relevant remarks on the connectionist model and thereby served as an important connecting link between Wernicke and Geschwind. With the original contributions of Goldstein and contemporary authors, we analyzed the historical background of the aphasia debate in the time period between Wernicke and Geschwind, which still influences current aphasia concepts and neurosurgical practice of today.
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Matías-Guiu JA, Cuetos F, Cabrera-Martín MN, Valles-Salgado M, Moreno-Ramos T, Carreras JL, Matías-Guiu J. Reading difficulties in primary progressive aphasia in a regular language-speaking cohort of patients. Neuropsychologia 2017; 101:132-140. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Revised: 05/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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76
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A surgical approach to the anatomo-functional structure of language. Neurochirurgie 2017; 63:122-128. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuchi.2016.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Hodotopy, neuroplasticity and diffuse gliomas. Neurochirurgie 2017; 63:259-265. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuchi.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Preoperative prediction of language function by diffusion tensor imaging. Brain Inform 2017; 4:201-205. [PMID: 28474309 PMCID: PMC5563300 DOI: 10.1007/s40708-017-0064-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
For surgery of eloquent tumors in language areas, the accepted gold standard is functional mapping through direct cortical stimulation (DCS) in awake patients. Ever since, neuroscientists are searching for reliable noninvasive detection of function in the human brain, with variable success. The potential of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in combination with computational cortical parcellation to predict functional areas in language eloquent tumors has not been assessed so far. We present a proof-of-concept report involving awake surgery for a temporodorsal tumor. Postoperatively, the imaging was extensively studied and a predictive value of multimodal MR imaging for the possible extent of resection was analyzed. After resection using DCS, the extent of resection and functional outcome were correlated with the processed imaging. Preoperative imaging of our patient was taken to compute the lesion volume as a seed for tractography (DTI) and combined with a tractography of the entire hemisphere. For better spatial resolution, an elastic image fusion was performed to correct the distortion of DTI data. After subtotal resection and imaging analysis, the status of the superior part of the lesion could be identified and predicted as functional cortex. There was a strong correlation between the tumor remnant during surgery and the imaging parameters of DTI connectivity of the eloquent tissue. A combination of complex DTI processing may be able to predict function in a patient suffering eloquent brain tumors and thus allow estimation of extent of resection.
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79
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A contemporary framework of language processing in the human brain in the context of preoperative and intraoperative language mapping. Neuroradiology 2016; 59:69-87. [PMID: 28005160 DOI: 10.1007/s00234-016-1772-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The emergence of advanced in vivo neuroimaging methods has redefined the understanding of brain function with a shift from traditional localizationist models to more complex and widely distributed neural networks. In human language processing, the traditional localizationist models of Wernicke and Broca have fallen out of favor for a dual-stream processing system involving complex networks organized over vast areas of the dominant hemisphere. The current review explores the cortical function and white matter connections of human language processing, as well as their relevance to surgical planning. METHODS We performed a systematic review of the literature with narrative data analysis. RESULTS Although there is significant heterogeneity in the literature over the past century of exploration, modern evidence provides new insight into the true cortical function and white matter anatomy of human language. Intraoperative data and postoperative outcome studies confirm a widely distributed language network extending far beyond the traditional cortical areas of Wernicke and Broca. CONCLUSIONS The anatomic distribution of language networks, based on current theories, is explored to present a modern and clinically relevant interpretation of language function. Within this framework, we present current knowledge regarding the known effects of damage to both cortical and subcortical components of these language networks. Ideally, we hope this framework will provide a common language for which to base future clinical studies in human language function.
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80
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Abstract
For a long time, although the functional anatomy of human cortex has extensively been studied, subcortical white matter tracts have received little consideration. Recent advances in tractography have opened the door to a non-invasive investigation of the subcortical fibers in vivo. However, this method cannot study directly the function of the bundles. Interestingly, for the first time in the history of cognitive neurosciences, direct axonal electrostimulation (DES) mapping of the neural pathways offers the unique opportunity to investigate the function of the connectomal anatomy. Indeed, this technique is able to perform real-time anatomo-functional correlations in awake patients who undergo brain surgery, especially at the level of the subcortical fibers. Here, the aim is to review original data issued from DES of myelinated tracts in adults, with regard to the functional connectivity mediating the sensorimotor, visuo-spatial, language, cognitive and emotional functions, as well as the interactions between these different sub-networks, leading ultimately to explore consciousness. Therefore, axonal stimulation is a valuable tool in the field of connectomics, that is, the map of neural connections, in order to switch from the traditional localizationist view of brain processing to a networking model in which cerebral functions are underpinned by the dynamic interactions of large-scale distributed and parallel sub-circuits. Such connectomal account should integrate the anatomic constraint represented by the subcortical fascicles. Indeed, post-lesional neuroplasticity is possible only on the condition that the white matter fibers are preserved, to allow communication and temporal synchronization among delocalized inter-connected networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugues Duffau
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, 80 Av Augustin Fliche, 34295 Montpellier, France.,National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), U1051 Laboratory, Team "Brain Plasticity, Stem Cells and Glial Tumors", Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, Montpellier University Medical Center, 34091 Montpellier, France
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81
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Mandonnet E, Duffau H. Setting the Balance between the Lexical and Sublexical Pathways of Dual-Route Models of Reading: Insight from Atypical Dyslexia in Surgical Glioma Patients. Front Psychol 2016; 7:1730. [PMID: 27877149 PMCID: PMC5099248 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Mandonnet
- Neurosurgery, Lariboisière HospitalParis, France; Université Paris 7 DiderotParis, France; IMNC UMR 8165Orsay, France
| | - Hugues Duffau
- Neurosurgery, Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, CHU MontpellierMontpellier, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1051Montpellier, France; Université Montpellier 2Montpellier, France
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Sarubbo S, De Benedictis A, Merler S, Mandonnet E, Barbareschi M, Dallabona M, Chioffi F, Duffau H. Structural and functional integration between dorsal and ventral language streams as revealed by blunt dissection and direct electrical stimulation. Hum Brain Mapp 2016; 37:3858-3872. [PMID: 27258125 PMCID: PMC6867442 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2016] [Revised: 05/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The most accepted framework of language processing includes a dorsal phonological and a ventral semantic pathway, connecting a wide network of distributed cortical hubs. However, the cortico-subcortical connectivity and the reciprocal anatomical relationships of this dual-stream system are not completely clarified. We performed an original blunt microdissection of 10 hemispheres with the exposition of locoregional short fibers and six long-range fascicles involved in language elaboration. Special attention was addressed to the analysis of termination sites and anatomical relationships between long- and short-range fascicles. We correlated these anatomical findings with a topographical analysis of 93 functional responses located at the terminal sites of the language bundles, collected by direct electrical stimulation in 108 right-handers. The locations of phonological and semantic paraphasias, verbal apraxia, speech arrest, pure anomia, and alexia were statistically analyzed, and the respective barycenters were computed in the MNI space. We found that terminations of main language bundles and functional responses have a wider distribution in respect to the classical definition of language territories. Our analysis showed that dorsal and ventral streams have a similar anatomical layer organization. These pathways are parallel and relatively segregated over their subcortical course while their terminal fibers are strictly overlapped at the cortical level. Finally, the anatomical features of the U-fibers suggested a role of locoregional integration between the phonological, semantic, and executive subnetworks of language, in particular within the inferoventral frontal lobe and the temporoparietal junction, which revealed to be the main criss-cross regions between the dorsal and ventral pathways. Hum Brain Mapp 37:3858-3872, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Sarubbo
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosciences, "S. Chiara" Hospital, Trento APSS - 9 Largo Medaglie D'Oro, Trento, 38122, Italy.
- Structural and Functional Connectivity Lab, Division of Neurosurgery, "S. Chiara" Hospital, Trento APSS - 9 Largo Medaglie D'Oro, Trento, 38122, Italy.
| | - Alessandro De Benedictis
- Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, Neurosurgery Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital - IRCCS, 4 Piazza Sant'Onofrio, Roma, 00165, Italy
| | - Stefano Merler
- Bruno Kessler Foundation (FBK), 18 via Sommarive, Trento, 38123, Italy
| | - Emmanuel Mandonnet
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lariboisiere Hospital, 2 Rue Ambroise Pare, Paris, 75010, France
| | - Mattia Barbareschi
- Department of Histopathology, "S. Chiara" Hospital, Trento APSS - 9 Largo Medaglie D'Oro, Trento, 38122, Italy
| | - Monica Dallabona
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosciences, "S. Chiara" Hospital, Trento APSS - 9 Largo Medaglie D'Oro, Trento, 38122, Italy
| | - Franco Chioffi
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosciences, "S. Chiara" Hospital, Trento APSS - 9 Largo Medaglie D'Oro, Trento, 38122, Italy
- Structural and Functional Connectivity Lab, Division of Neurosurgery, "S. Chiara" Hospital, Trento APSS - 9 Largo Medaglie D'Oro, Trento, 38122, Italy
| | - Hugues Duffau
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hôpital Gui De Chauliac, Montpellier University Medical Center, 80 Av Augustin Fliche, Montpellier, 34295, France
- Institute for Neuroscience of Montpellier, INSERM U1051, Team "Plasticity of Central Nervous System, Stem Cells and Glial Tumors," Saint Eloi Hospital, Montpellier, France
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Svatkova A, Nestrasil I, Rudser K, Goldenring Fine J, Bledsoe J, Semrud‐Clikeman M. Unique white matter microstructural patterns in ADHD presentations-a diffusion tensor imaging study. Hum Brain Mapp 2016; 37:3323-36. [PMID: 27159198 PMCID: PMC5663221 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder predominantly inattentive (ADHD-PI) and combined (ADHD-C) presentations are likely distinct disorders that differ neuroanatomically, neurochemically, and neuropsychologically. However, to date, little is known about specific white matter (WM) regions differentiating ADHD presentations. This study examined differences in WM microstructure using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data from 20 ADHD-PI, 18 ADHD-C, and 27 typically developed children. Voxel-wise analysis of DTI measurements in major fiber bundles was carried out using tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS). Clusters showing diffusivity abnormalities were used as regions of interest for regression analysis between fractional anisotropy (FA) and neuropsychological outcomes. Compared to neurotypicals, ADHD-PI children showed higher FA in the anterior thalamic radiations (ATR), bilateral inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF), and in the left corticospinal tract (CST). In contrast, the ADHD-C group exhibited higher FA in the bilateral cingulum bundle (CB). In the ADHD-PI group, differences in FA in the left ILF and ATR were accompanied by axial diffusivity (AD) abnormalities. In addition, the ADHD-PI group exhibited atypical mean diffusivity in the forceps minor (FMi) and left ATR and AD differences in right CB compared to healthy subjects. Direct comparison between ADHD presentations demonstrated radial diffusivity differences in FMi. WM clusters with FA irregularities in ADHD were associated with neurobehavioral performance across groups. In conclusion, differences in WM microstructure in ADHD presentations strengthen the theory that ADHD-PI and ADHD-C are two distinct disorders. Regions with WM irregularity seen in both ADHD presentations might serve as predictors of executive and behavioral functioning across groups. Hum Brain Mapp 37:3323-3336, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Svatkova
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesota
- Multimodal and Functional Neuroimaging Research GroupCEITEC—Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk UniversityBrnoCzech Republic
| | - Igor Nestrasil
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesota
| | - Kyle Rudser
- Division of BiostatisticsUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesota
| | - Jodene Goldenring Fine
- Department of Counseling, Educational Psychology, and Special EducationMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMichigan
| | - Jesse Bledsoe
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesUniversity of Washington School of MedicineSeattleWashington
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Kinoshita M, Miyashita K, Tsutsui T, Furuta T, Nakada M. Critical Neural Networks in Awake Surgery for Gliomas. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2016; 56:674-686. [PMID: 27250817 PMCID: PMC5221778 DOI: 10.2176/nmc.ra.2016-0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
From the embarrassing character commonly infiltrating eloquent brain regions, the surgical resection of glioma remains challenging. Owing to the recent development of in vivo visualization techniques for the human brain, white matter regions can be delineated using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) as a routine clinical practice in neurosurgery. In confirmation of the results of DTI tractography, a direct electrical stimulation (DES) substantially influences the investigation of cortico-subcortical networks, which can be identified via specific symptoms elicited in the concerned white matter tracts (eg., the arcuate fascicle, superior longitudinal fascicles, inferior fronto-occipital fascicle, inferior longitudinal fascicle, frontal aslant tract, sensori-motor tracts, optic radiation, and so forth). During awake surgery for glioma using DES, it is important to identify the anatomo-functional structure of white matter tracts to identify the surgical boundaries of brain regions not only to achieve maximal resection of the glioma but also to maximally preserve quality of life. However, the risk exists that neurosurgeons may be misled by the inability of DTI to visualize the actual anatomy of the white matter fibers, resulting in inappropriate decisions regarding surgical boundaries. This review article provides information of the critical neuronal network that is necessary to identify and understand in awake surgery for glioma, with special references to white matter tracts and the author's experiences.
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85
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Herbet G, Maheu M, Costi E, Lafargue G, Duffau H. Mapping neuroplastic potential in brain-damaged patients. Brain 2016; 139:829-44. [PMID: 26912646 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awv394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
It is increasingly acknowledged that the brain is highly plastic. However, the anatomic factors governing the potential for neuroplasticity have hardly been investigated. To bridge this knowledge gap, we generated a probabilistic atlas of functional plasticity derived from both anatomic magnetic resonance imaging results and intraoperative mapping data on 231 patients having undergone surgery for diffuse, low-grade glioma. The atlas includes detailed level of confidence information and is supplemented with a series of comprehensive, connectivity-based cluster analyses. Our results show that cortical plasticity is generally high in the cortex (except in primary unimodal areas and in a small set of neural hubs) and rather low in connective tracts (especially associative and projection tracts). The atlas sheds new light on the topological organization of critical neural systems and may also be useful in predicting the likelihood of recovery (as a function of lesion topology) in various neuropathological conditions-a crucial factor in improving the care of brain-damaged patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Herbet
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, F-34295 Montpellier, France 2 Institute for Neuroscience of Montpellier, INSERM U1051 (Plasticity of Central Nervous System, Human Stem Cells and Glial Tumors research group), Saint Eloi Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, F-34091 Montpellier, France
| | - Maxime Maheu
- 3 Départements d'Etudes Cognitives, Ecole Normale Supérieure, F-75005 Paris, France 4 Faculté des Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales, Université Paris Descartes, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Emanuele Costi
- 5 Department of Neuroscience, Division of Neurosurgery, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Gilles Lafargue
- 6 Univ. Lille, EA 4072 - PSITEC - Psychologie: Interactions, Temps, Émotions, Cognition, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Hugues Duffau
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, F-34295 Montpellier, France 2 Institute for Neuroscience of Montpellier, INSERM U1051 (Plasticity of Central Nervous System, Human Stem Cells and Glial Tumors research group), Saint Eloi Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, F-34091 Montpellier, France
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Variation in White Matter Connectivity Predicts the Ability to Remember Faces and Discriminate Their Emotions. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2016; 22:180-90. [PMID: 26888615 PMCID: PMC5494205 DOI: 10.1017/s1355617715001009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The extended face network contains clusters of neurons that perform distinct functions on facial stimuli. Regions in the posterior ventral visual stream appear to perform basic perceptual functions on faces, while more anterior regions, such as the ventral anterior temporal lobe and amygdala, function to link mnemonic and affective information to faces. Anterior and posterior regions are interconnected by a long-range white matter tracts; however, it is not known if variation in connectivity of these pathways explains cognitive performance. METHODS Here, we used diffusion imaging and deterministic tractography in a cohort of 28 neurologically normal adults ages 18-28 to examine microstructural properties of visual fiber pathways and their relationship to certain mnemonic and affective functions involved in face processing. We investigated how inter-individual variability in two tracts, the inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF) and the inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF), related to performance on tests of facial emotion recognition and face memory. RESULTS Results revealed that microstructure of both tracts predicted variability in behavioral performance indexed by both tasks, suggesting that the ILF and IFOF play a role in facilitating our ability to discriminate emotional expressions in faces, as well as to remember unique faces. Variation in a control tract, the uncinate fasciculus, did not predict performance on these tasks. CONCLUSIONS These results corroborate and extend the findings of previous neuropsychology studies investigating the effects of damage to the ILF and IFOF, and demonstrate that differences in face processing abilities are related to white matter microstructure, even in healthy individuals.
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