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Fan S, Ge Y, Liu J, Liu H, Yan R, Gao T, Fan X, Xiao Z, An G. Combination of anlotinib and gemcitabine promotes the G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma in vitro. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e23986. [PMID: 34462984 PMCID: PMC8529129 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a malignant carcinoma with high rate of mortality. The current treatment is ineffective with poor survival time. Therefore, there is an urgent need for effective therapeutic drug regimens. The multi‐target tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) anlotinib has been approved for treating non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, the combined therapeutic regimen of anlotinib for ICC has not been investigated yet. This study aims to investigate the inhibitory effect of anlotinib and the mechanism of gemcitabine combination for ICC treatment. Methods Two ICC cell lines, HCCC‐9810 and RBE cells, were used in this study. Cell Counting Kit‐8 (CCK‐8) was used to study the cell viability, and flow cytometry (FCM) was used to evaluate the apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Compusyn software was used to calculate the combination index (CI) of anlotinib and gemcitabine. The protein expression rate of cleaved PARP/PARP and cleaved caspase‐3/caspase‐3 was detected by Western blotting. Results Our result showed that the anlotinib and gemcitabine combination significantly inhibits the growth of ICC cell lines. Compusyn software results showed that the combination regimen had an anti‐tumor synergistic effect. FCM results showed that it promoted apoptosis. Moreover, it increased the protein expression rate of cleaved PARP/PARP and cleaved caspase‐3/caspase‐3. Finally, we found a synergistic anti‐tumor effect by increasing G0/G1 cell cycle arrest. Conclusion The combination of anlotinib and gemcitabine can increase the anti‐tumor effect and may be a potential therapeutic drug regimen in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Fan
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Ge
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Medical Research Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Heshu Liu
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Yan
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tianbo Gao
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaona Fan
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zeru Xiao
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guangyu An
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Gao Q, Tang S, Chen H, Chen H, Li X, Jiang Y, Fu S, Lin S. Intratumoral injection of anlotinib hydrogel enhances antitumor effects and reduces toxicity in mouse model of lung cancer. Drug Deliv 2021; 27:1524-1534. [PMID: 33118422 PMCID: PMC7599023 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2020.1837292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the antitumor effects and ability of an anlotinib (AL) hydrogel (AL–HA–Tyr) to reduce toxicity in a mouse model of Lewis lung cancer (LLC). We constructed a drug carrier system for AL, verified its effectiveness and systemic safety, and provided a preliminary experimental foundation for clinical carrier transformation. AL–HA–Tyr was prepared by encapsulating AL with hyaluronic acid–tyramine (HA–Tyr) conjugates. Colony and tube formation assays showed that AL–HA–Tyr restrained the proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and LLC cells, respectively, in vitro, and that AL exerted significant anti-angiogenesis and anti-tumor effects. The invasion and migration of HUVECs and LLC cells were efficiently suppressed by AL according to transwell assays. HUVEC and LLC cell-cycle and apoptosis analysis clarified the direct anti-tumor effects of AL–HA–Tyr. Mice engrafted with LLC cells in vivo were administered oral saline, oral AL, or an intratumoral injection of HA–Tyr or AL–HA–Tyr. The results showed that AL–HA–Tyr obviously reduced visceral toxicity and decreased Ki67 and VEGF-A expression in tumor cells compared with AL. Furthermore, AL–HA–Tyr significantly prolonged the survival of tumor-bearing mice. Overall, AL–HA–Tyr enhanced antitumor effects and reduced toxicity in the LLC model. It provided a foundation for the clinical transformation of drug carrier systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Gao
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Shan Tang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Han Chen
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - XiaoJie Li
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - YiQing Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - ShaoZhi Fu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Sheng Lin
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Tang F, Tie Y, Wei YQ, Tu CQ, Wei XW. Targeted and immuno-based therapies in sarcoma: mechanisms and advances in clinical trials. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1876:188606. [PMID: 34371128 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Sarcomas represent a distinct group of rare malignant tumors with high heterogeneity. Limited options with clinical efficacy for the metastatic or local advanced sarcoma existed despite standard therapy. Recently, targeted therapy according to the molecular and genetic phenotype of individual sarcoma is a promising option. Among these drugs, anti-angiogenesis therapy achieved favorable efficacy in sarcomas. Inhibitors targeting cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6, poly-ADP-ribose polymerase, insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor, mTOR, NTRK, metabolisms, and epigenetic drugs are under clinical evaluation for sarcomas bearing the corresponding signals. Immunotherapy represents a promising and favorable method in advanced solid tumors. However, most sarcomas are immune "cold" tumors, with only alveolar soft part sarcoma and undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Cellular therapies with TCR-engineered T cells, chimeric antigen receptor T cells, tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, and nature killer cells transfer show therapeutic potential. Identifying tumor-specific antigens and exploring immune modulation factors arguing the efficacy of these immunotherapies are the current challenges. This review focuses on the mechanisms, advances, and potential strategies of targeted and immune-based therapies in sarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Tang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Orthopeadics, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Tie
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu-Quan Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chong-Qi Tu
- Department of Orthopeadics, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Xia-Wei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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The role of anlotinib-mediated EGFR blockade in a positive feedback loop of CXCL11-EGF-EGFR signalling in anaplastic thyroid cancer angiogenesis. Br J Cancer 2021; 125:390-401. [PMID: 34088989 PMCID: PMC8328993 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-021-01340-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxia-induced angiogenesis functions importantly in anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) progression. However, the therapeutic potential of broad-spectrum anti-angiogenic agent remains undefined. Anlotinib conventionally targets VEGFR, FGFR and PDGFR. Here, a novel role of anlotinib on ATC angiogenesis was illustrated. METHODS Molecular expressions were established via tissue microarray. Multiple assays (tubule formation, 3D sprouting and chicken chorioallantoic membrane model) were used for angiogenic evaluation. Panels of molecular screening were achieved by antibody and PCR arrays. The loop binding motif of EGFR for homology modelling was prepared using Maestro. RESULTS Anlotinib could dose- and time-dependently inhibit cell viability under normoxia and hypoxia and could repress hypoxia-activated angiogenesis more efficiently in vitro and in vivo. CXCL11 and phospho-EGFR were hypoxia-upregulated with a positive correlation. The cancer-endothelium crosstalk could be mediated by the positive CXCL11-EGF-EGFR feedback loop, which could be blocked by anlotinib directly targeting EGFR via a dual mechanism by simultaneous inhibitory effects on cancer and endothelial cells. The AKT-mTOR pathway was involved in this regulatory network. CONCLUSIONS The newly identified CXCL11-EGF-EGFR signalling provided mechanistic insight into the interaction between cancer and endothelial cells under hypoxia, and EGFR was a novel target. Anlotinib may be the encouraging therapeutic candidate in ATC.
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Zhao L, He L, Chen Y, Xia T, Li L, Wang S, Bao X, Yang J. Physicochemical Characterization and Biopharmaceutical Evaluation of ZWF: A Novel Anticancer Drug for the Treatment of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 22:207. [PMID: 34297234 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-021-02084-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The orally available novel small molecule drug ZWF is under preclinical development for an anticancer purpose. The present study aimed to assess the viability of developing ZWF as a form of oral formulation for clinical application based on the principles of biopharmaceutics and pharmacokinetics. The crucial physicochemical properties of ZWF were determined by in vitro assays. The in situ gastrointestinal absorption characteristics and in vivo pharmacokinetic behaviors of ZWF in rats were characterized. The solubility of ZWF showed a highly pH-dependent profile, decreasing from 25,392.89 to 20.48 μg/mL as the solution pH increased from 1.0 to 5.8. In PBS with a pH of 1.0 to 5.8, the LogP value of ZWF ranged from -2.35 to 2.20 and was gradually increased as the pH value increased. ZWF was partially absorbed in the stomach, and the favorable absorption sites were the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. Pharmacokinetic studies showed that the AUC(0-t) and Cmax values of ZWF after its oral administration as a suspension prepared with 0.5% CMC-Na were increased by 18.97% and 40% than that with normal saline, providing a model oral formulation of ZWF with ideal bioavailability and system exposure in rats. From the perspective of oral absorption, ZWF possessed appealing qualities as a drug candidate and could be prepared as an oral preparation for clinical application. The present study has established a fundamental foundation for the development and quality evaluation of the ZWF oral formulations.
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Jin Z, Lu Y, Wu X, Pan T, Yu Z, Hou J, Wu A, Li J, Yang Z, Li C, Yan M, Yan C, Zhu Z, Liu B, Qiu W, Su L. The cross-talk between tumor cells and activated fibroblasts mediated by lactate/BDNF/TrkB signaling promotes acquired resistance to anlotinib in human gastric cancer. Redox Biol 2021; 46:102076. [PMID: 34315112 PMCID: PMC8326414 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Acquired resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) is the major obstacle to improve clinical efficacy in cancer patients. The epithelial-stromal interaction in tumor microenvironment influences cancer drug response to TKIs. Anlotinib is a novel oral multi-targeted TKI, and has recently been proven to be effective and safe for several tumors. However, if and how the epithelial-stromal interaction in tumor microenvironment affects anlotinib response in gastric cancer (GC) is not known. In this study, we found that anlotinib inhibited GC cells growth by inducing GC cells apoptosis and G2/M phase arrest in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated anlotinib-induced apoptosis in GC cells, while cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) significantly suppressed anlotinib-induced apoptosis and ROS in GC cells. Increased BDNF that was derived from CAFs activated TrkB-Nrf2 signaling in GC cells, and reduced GC cells response to anlotinib. We identified secreted lactate from GC cells as the key molecule instructing CAFs to produce BDNF in a NF-κB-dependent manner. Additionally, functional targeting BDNF-TrkB pathway with neutralizing antibodies against BDNF and TrkB increased the sensitivity of GC cells towards anlotinib in human patient-derived organoid (PDO) model. Taken together, these results characterize a critical role of the epithelial-stroma interaction mediated by the lactate/BDNF/TrkB signaling in GC anlotinib resistance, and provide a novel option to overcome drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijian Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yifan Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xiongyan Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Tao Pan
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Zhenjia Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Junyi Hou
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Airong Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianfang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Zhongyin Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Min Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Chao Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Zhenggang Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Bingya Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Weihua Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Liping Su
- Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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Chi Y, Shu Y, Ba Y, Bai Y, Qin B, Wang X, Xiong J, Xu N, Zhang H, Zhou J, Xu J, Cheng Y, Feng J, Hu C, Chen Y, Chen Z, Wang J, Dang C, Wang J, Wan Y, Tang Y, Wang D, Liu J, Wu M, Deng Y, Li X, Li Y, Dong J, Jiang D, Li G, Wu Q, Li J, Qi Y, Sun Y, Cai J. Anlotinib Monotherapy for Refractory Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled, Randomized Phase III Trial (ALTER0703). Oncologist 2021; 26:e1693-e1703. [PMID: 34105207 DOI: 10.1002/onco.13857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment options for refractory metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) were limited. Anlotinib is a novel multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitor. ALTER0703 study was conducted to assess efficacy and safety of anlotinib for patients with refractory mCRC. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a multicenter, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized phase III trial involving 33 hospitals in China. Patients had taken at least two lines of therapies were 2:1 randomized to receive oral anlotinib (12 mg/day; days 1-14; 21 days per cycle) or placebo, plus best supportive care. Randomization was stratified by previous VEGF-targeting treatments and time from diagnosis to metastases. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS). The secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), quality of life (QoL), and safety. RESULTS A total of 419 patients (anlotinib: 282; placebo: 137) were treated from December 2014 to August 2016. The median PFS was improved in anlotinib group (4.1 months; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.4-4.5) over placebo group (1.5 months; 95% CI, 1.4-1.5), with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.34 (95% CI, 0.27-0.43; p < .0001). However, median OS was similar between two groups (8.6 months; 95% CI, 7.8-9.7 vs. 7.2 months; 95% CI, 6.2-8.8; HR, 1.02; p = .870). Improvements of ORR and DCR were observed in anlotinib over placebo. The most common grade ≥ 3 anlotinib related adverse events were hypertension (20.92%), increased γ-GT (7.09%), and hand-foot skin reaction (6.38%). CONCLUSION Anlotinib was tolerated in Chinese patients with refractory mCRC. Although OS did not reach significant difference, anlotinib still provided clinical benefits by substantially prolonged PFS in these patients. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE In this randomized clinical trial that included 419 patients with refractory metastatic colorectal cancer, substantial prolonged in progression-free survival was noted in patients who received anlotinib compared with those given placebo. Improvements on objective response rate and disease control rate was also observed in anlotinib group. However, overall survival was similar between the two groups. In a word, in third-line or above treatment of Chinese patients with refractory metastatic colorectal cancer, anlotinib provided clinical benefit by significantly prolonged progression-free survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihebali Chi
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongqian Shu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Ba
- Department of Digestive Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxian Bai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoli Qin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuwen Wang
- Department of Chemotherapy, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianping Xiong
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Nong Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Helong Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfeng Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianming Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, 307 Hospital of PLA, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Cheng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jilin Cancer Hospital, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Jifeng Feng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunhong Hu
- Department of Oncology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Yigui Chen
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhendong Chen
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Jufeng Wang
- Department of Oncology, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengxue Dang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhong Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiye Wan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Tang
- Department of Digestive Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, People's Republic of China
| | - Donglin Wang
- Department of Medical oncology, Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, People's Republic of China
| | - Minhui Wu
- Department of integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhong Deng
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingwen Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongqiang Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Dong
- First Department of Medical Oncology, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Da Jiang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Forth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Guisheng Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Liuzhou Worker's Hospital, Liuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujuan Qi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongkun Sun
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianqiang Cai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Jiang Y, Wang G, Mu H, Ma X, Wang Z, Lv Y, Zhang T, Xu J, Wang J, Li Y, Han J, Yang M, Wang Z, Zeng K, Jin X, Xue S, Yin M, Sun W, Hua Y, Cai Z. Bromodomain Inhibition Attenuates the Progression and Sensitizes the Chemosensitivity of Osteosarcoma by Repressing GP130/STAT3 Signaling. Front Oncol 2021; 11:642134. [PMID: 34168981 PMCID: PMC8219214 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.642134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor, and there are few ideal clinically available drugs. The bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) protein is an emerging target for aggressive cancer, but therapies targeting the BET in osteosarcoma have been unsuccessful in clinical trials to date, and further exploration of specific BET inhibitors is of great significance. In our study, we demonstrated that NHWD-870, a potent BET inhibitor in a phase I clinical trial, significantly inhibited tumor proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis by reversing the oncogenic signature in osteosarcoma. More importantly, we identified NHWD-870 impeded binding of BRD4 to the promoter of GP130 leading to diminished activation of JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway. Furthermore, GP130 knockdown significantly sensitizes the chemosensitivity in vitro. In OS cell-derived xenografts, NHWD-870 effectively inhibited the growth of osteosarcoma. Beyond that, NHWD-870 effectively inhibited the differentiation and maturation of precursor osteoclasts in vitro and attenuated osteoclast-mediated bone loss in vivo. Finally, we confirmed the efficacy of synthetic lethal effects of NHWD-870 and cisplatin in antagonizing osteosarcoma in a preclinical PDX model. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that NHWD-870, as an effective BET inhibitor, may be a potential candidate for osteosarcoma intervention linked to its STAT3 signaling inhibitory activity. In addition, NHWD-870 appears to be a promising therapeutic strategy for bone-associated tumors, as it interferes with the vicious cycle of tumor progression and bone destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, Shanghai, China
| | - Gangyang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, Shanghai, China
| | - Haoran Mu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojun Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuoying Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Lv
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinzeng Wang
- National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU) School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunqi Li
- National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU) School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Han
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengkai Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, Shanghai, China
| | - Zongyi Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke Zeng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinmeng Jin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, Shanghai, China
| | - Song Xue
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingzhu Yin
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingqi Hua
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengdong Cai
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Bone Tumor Institution, Shanghai, China
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Li S. Anlotinib: A Novel Targeted Drug for Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:664853. [PMID: 34094958 PMCID: PMC8173120 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.664853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone and soft tissue sarcomas account for approximately 15% of pediatric solid malignant tumors and 1% of adult solid malignant tumors. There are over 50 subtypes of sarcomas, each of which is notably heterogeneous and manifested by remarkable phenotypic and morphological variability. Anlotinib is a novel oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) targeting c-kit, platelet-derived growth factor receptors, fibroblast growth factor receptor, and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor. In comparison with the placebo, anlotinib was associated with better overall survival and progression-free survival (PFS) in a phase III trial of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), albeit with cancer progression after two previous lines of treatment. Recently, the National Medical Products Administration approved anlotinib monotherapy as a third-line treatment for patients with advanced NSCLC. Additionally, a phase IIB randomized trial substantiated that anlotinib is associated with a significant longer median PFS in patients with advanced soft tissue sarcoma. Moreover, anlotinib is also effective in patients with advanced medullary thyroid carcinoma and metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Anlotinib has similar tolerability to other TKIs targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptors and other tyrosine kinase-mediated pathways. However, anlotinib has a notably lower rate of side effects ≥grade 3 relative to sunitinib. This review discussed the remarkable characteristics and major dilemmas of anlotinib as a targeted therapy for sarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglong Li
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China.,Department of Tissue Engineering, Center of 3D Printing & Organ Manufacturing, School of Fundamental Sciences, China Medical University (CMU), Shenyang, China
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60
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Li Z, Tian J, Du L, Gao Y, Wang Y, You F, Wang L. Anlotinib exerts anti-cancer efficiency on lung cancer stem cells in vitro and in vivo through reducing NF-κB activity. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:5547-5559. [PMID: 33955683 PMCID: PMC8184695 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Anlotinib is a multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Previous studies confirmed that anlotinib exerts anti-cancer efficiency. However, the functional roles of anlotinib on cancer stem cells (CSCs) are yet to be elucidated. In this study, lung CSCs were isolated and identified in vitro, and mouse xenografts were established in vivo. MTT assays, tumour sphere formation assays, TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labelling (TUNEL) staining, Annexin V-FITC/PI staining, immunofluorescence analysis and Western blot were performed to investigate the anti-cancer effects of anlotinib on lung CSCs. The results showed that anlotinib inhibits the growth of lung CSCs in vitro and in vivo. In addition, anlotinib induced apoptosis of these cells along with down-regulated expression level of Bcl-2 whereas up-regulated Bax and cleaved caspase-3 expression. It also sensitized lung CSCs to the cytotoxicity of cisplatin and paclitaxel; the tumour sphere formation and expression levels of multiple stemness-associated markers, such as ALDH1 and CD133, were also decreased. Furthermore, the underlying mechanism indicated that anlotinib reduces the phosphorylated levels of NF-κB p65 and IκB-α in lung CSCs. Taken together, these findings suggested that anlotinib exerts potent anti-cancer effects against lung CSCs through apoptotic induction and stemness phenotypic attenuation. The mechanism could be associated with the suppression of NF-κB activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuohong Li
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Juncai Tian
- Lung Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Ziyang, Ziyang, China
| | - Lei Du
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fengming You
- Department of Oncology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Wang
- Lung Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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61
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Huang Q, Liang X, Ren T, Huang Y, Zhang H, Yu Y, Chen C, Wang W, Niu J, Lou J, Guo W. The role of tumor-associated macrophages in osteosarcoma progression - therapeutic implications. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2021; 44:525-539. [PMID: 33788151 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-021-00598-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumor. Compared with previous treatment modalities, such as amputation, more recent comprehensive treatment modalities based on neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with limb salvage surgery have improved the survival rates of patients. Osteosarcoma treatment has, however, not further improved in recent years. Therefore, attention has shifted to the tumor microenvironment (TME) in which osteosarcoma cells are embedded. Therapeutic targets in the TME may be key to improving osteosarcoma treatment. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the most common immune cells within the TME. TAMs in osteosarcoma may account for over 50% of the immune cells, and may play important roles in tumorigenesis, angiogenesis, immunosuppression, drug resistance and metastasis. Knowledge on the role of TAMs in the development, progression and treatment of osteosarcoma is gradually improving, although different or even opposing opinions still remain. CONCLUSIONS TAMs may participate in the malignant progression of osteosarcoma through self-polarization, the promotion of blood vessel and lymphatic vessel formation, immunosuppression, and drug resistance. Besides, various immune checkpoint proteins expressed on the surface of TAMs, such as PD-1 and CD47, provide the possibility of the application of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Several clinical trials have been carried out and/or are in progress. Mifamotide and the immune checkpoint inhibitor Camrelizumab were both found to be effective in prolonging progression-free survival. Thus, TAMs may serve as attractive therapeutic targets. Targeting TAMs as a complementary therapy is expected to improve the prognosis of osteosarcoma. Further efforts may be made to identify potential beneficiaries of TAM-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingshan Huang
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Liang
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Ren
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Hongliang Zhang
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Yiyang Yu
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Chenglong Chen
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Jianfang Niu
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Jingbing Lou
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Beijing, China.
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Cong X, Chen J, Xu R. Tumor-Acidity Responsive Polymeric Nanoparticles for Targeting Delivery of Angiogenesis Inhibitor for Enhanced Antitumor Efficacy With Decreased Toxicity. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:664051. [PMID: 33842451 PMCID: PMC8024478 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.664051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Various nanocarriers with tumor targeting ability and improved pharmacokinetic property have been extensively utilized to reduce the toxicity of existing clinical chemotherapeutics. Herein, we showed that by encapsulating angiogenesis inhibitor anlotinib into polymeric nanoparticles, we could significantly decrease its in vivo toxicity. The introduction of pH-responsiveness into the nanocarrier further enhanced its anti-tumor activity. Systemic administration of the anlotinib-loaded nanocarrier into mice bearing A549 and 4T1 subcutaneous tumor received a higher tumor growth suppression and metastasis inhibition without detectable side effects. This strategy offers a promising option to improve the patient compliance of anlotinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiufeng Cong
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ran Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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63
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Gao Q, Jiang Y, Li X, Chen H, Tang S, Chen H, Shi X, Chen Y, Fu S, Lin S. Intratumoral Injection of Anlotinib Hydrogel Combined With Radiotherapy Reduces Hypoxia in Lewis Lung Carcinoma Xenografts: Assessment by Micro Fluorine-18-fluoromisonidazole Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Hypoxia Imaging. Front Oncol 2021; 11:628895. [PMID: 33777779 PMCID: PMC7994889 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.628895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a common feature of solid tumors that increases tumor invasiveness and resistance to radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy. Local application of anlotinib (AL) might increase the regulation of new blood vessel growth and improve tumor hypoxia in RT. Therefore, it is essential to fully understand the drug delivery system of AL. Herein, we applied hypoxia imaging using micro fluorine-18-fluoromisonidazole positron emission tomography/computed tomography (micro 18F-FMISO PET/CT) to assess responses to intratumoral injections of an AL hydrogel (AL-HA-Tyr) combined with RT in mice bearing Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC). We formed AL-HA-Tyr by encapsulating AL with hyaluronic acid-tyramine (HA-Tyr) conjugates via the oxidative coupling of tyramine moieties catalyzed by H2O2 and horseradish peroxidase. AL-HA-Tyr restrained the proliferation of human umbilical endothelial cells (HUVECs) in colony formation assays in vitro (p < 0.001). We established a subcutaneous LLC xenograft model using C57BL/6J mice that were randomly assigned to six groups that were treated with AL, HA-Tyr, AL-HA-Tyr, RT, and RT+AL-HA-Tyr, or untreated (controls). Tumor volume and weight were dynamically measured. Post treatment changes in hypoxia were assessed in some mice using micro 18F-FMISO PET/CT, and survival was assessed in others. We histopathologically examined toxicity in visceral tissues and Ki-67, VEGF-A, γ-H2AX, and HIF-1α expression using immunohistochemistry. Direct intratumoral injections of AL-HA-Tyr exerted anti-tumor effects and improved hypoxia like orally administered AL (p > 0.05), but reduced visceral toxicity and prolonged survival. The uptake of 18F-FMISO did not significantly differ among the AL, AL-HA-Tyr, and RT+AL-HA-Tyr treated groups. Compared with the other agents, RT+AL-HA-Tyr decreased HIF-1α, Ki67, and VEGF-A expression, and increased γ-H2AX levels in tumor cells. Overall, compared with AL and AL-HA-Tyr, RT+AL-HA-Tyr improved tumor hypoxia, enhanced anti-tumor effects, and prolonged the survival of mice bearing LLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Gao
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - YiQing Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - XiaoJie Li
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Shan Tang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Han Chen
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - XiangXiang Shi
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - ShaoZhi Fu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Sheng Lin
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Hu N, Si Y, Yue J, Sun T, Wang X, Jia Z, Gao S, Li Q, Shao Y, Wang J, Luo Y, Ma F, Xu B, Yuan P. Anlotinib has good efficacy and low toxicity: a phase II study of anlotinib in pre-treated HER-2 negative metastatic breast cancer. Cancer Biol Med 2021; 18:j.issn.2095-3941.2020.0463. [PMID: 33710812 PMCID: PMC8330540 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2020.0463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Anlotinib is a novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor blocking angiogenesis. This study was performed to assess the efficacy and safety of anlotinib in patients with metastatic breast cancer. METHODS Patients with HER2-negative breast cancer, who were pre-treated with anthracycline or taxanes in a neoadjuvant, adjuvant, or metastatic setting, and had treatment failure after at least one prior chemotherapy regimen in the metastatic setting were enrolled. Anlotinib was administered at 12 mg daily for 14 days in a 21-day cycle until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity occurred. Simultaneously, 5-10 mL of venous blood was collected to perform circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) testing every 2 treatment cycles. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate (ORR). Secondary endpoints included the disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival, safety, and biomarkers. RESULTS Twenty-six eligible patients were enrolled, with a median age of 56 (30-75) years. The median follow-up time was 10.5 months. The ORR was 15.4%, the DCR was 80.8%, and the median PFS was 5.22 months (95% confidence interval 2.86-6.24). Fourteen (53.8%) patients survived for more than 10 months. The changes in the detectable ctDNA variant allele frequency were consistent with the tumor response. The most common treatment-related adverse events were hypertension (57.7%), thyroidstimulating hormone elevation (34.6%), and hand-foot syndrome (23.1%). CONCLUSIONS Anlotinib showed objective efficacy with tolerable toxicity in heavily pre-treated, metastatic HER2-negative breast cancer. The dynamic changes in the ctDNA variant allele fraction may be predictive of the tumor response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanlin Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yiran Si
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jian Yue
- Department of VIP Medical Services, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Tingting Sun
- Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc., Nanjing 210032, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of VIP Medical Services, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Zhuqing Jia
- Cancer Hospital of Huanxing Chaoyang District Beijing, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Songlin Gao
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Qiao Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yang Shao
- Nanjing Geneseeq Technology Inc., Nanjing 210032, China
| | - Jiayu Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yang Luo
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Fei Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Binghe Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Peng Yuan
- Department of VIP Medical Services, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
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Zhang X, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Tan J, Zhang J, Ou H, Li J, Song Z. Multi-Omics Analysis of Anlotinib in Pancreatic Cancer and Development of an Anlotinib-Related Prognostic Signature. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:649265. [PMID: 33748143 PMCID: PMC7969999 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.649265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant regulation of angiogenesis involves in the growth and metastasis of tumors, but angiogenesis inhibitors fail to improve overall survival of pancreatic cancer patients in previous phase III clinical trials. A comprehensive knowledge of the mechanism of angiogenesis inhibitors against pancreatic cancer is helpful for clinical purpose and for the selection of patients who might benefit from the inhibitors. In this work, multi-omics analyses (transcriptomics, proteomics, and phosphoproteomics profiling) were carried out to delineate the mechanism of anlotinib, a novel angiogenesis inhibitor, against pancreatic cancer cells. The results showed that anlotinib exerted noteworthy cytotoxicity on pancreatic cancer cells. Multi-omics analyses revealed that anlotinib had a profound inhibitory effect on ribosome, and regulated cell cycle, RNA metabolism and lysosome. Based on the multi-omics results and available data deposited in public databases, an anlotinib-related gene signature was further constructed to identify a subgroup of pancreatic cancer patients who had a dismal prognosis and might be responsive to anlotinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Juan Tan
- Department of Pathology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Junjun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Ou
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Information Science and Engineering, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Zewen Song
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
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66
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Yan LH, Zhang D, Mo SS, Yuan H, Mo XW, Zhao JM. Anlotinib suppresses metastasis and multidrug resistance via dual blockade of MET/ABCB1 in colorectal carcinoma cells. J Cancer 2021; 12:2092-2104. [PMID: 33754008 PMCID: PMC7974540 DOI: 10.7150/jca.45618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Anlotinib, a highly selective multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) has therapeutic effects on non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this study, the anti-tumor activity and molecular mechanism of anlotinib in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) was explored. The anti-angiogenesis, anti-metastasis, anti-proliferative, and anti-multidrug resistance efficacy of anlotinib were analyzed by using in vitro and in vivo models of human CRC cells. The results indicated that anlotinib boosted chemo-sensitivity of CRC cells, and restrained its proliferation. Besides the suppression of the MET signaling pathway, anlotinib also inhibited invasion and migration of CRC cells. Furthermore, anlotinib prevented VEGF-induced angiogenesis, N-cadherin (CDH2)-induced cell migration, and reversed ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 1 (ABCB1) -mediated CRC multidrug resistance in CRC. The CRC liver metastasis and subcutaneously implanted xenograft model testified that anlotinib could inhibit proliferation and liver metastasis in CRC cells. Such an observation suggested that a combination of anlotinib with anti-cancer drugs could attenuate angiogenesis, metastasis, proliferative, and multidrug resistance, which constitutes a novel treatment strategy for CRC patients with metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Hai Yan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.,Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.,Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.,Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Si-Si Mo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.,Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Hao Yuan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.,Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xian-Wei Mo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.,Guangxi Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jin-Min Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
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Wang F, Qin G, Liu J, Wang X, Ye B. Bio-analytical Identification of Key Genes that Could Contribute to the Progression and Metastasis of Osteosarcoma. Curr Bioinform 2021. [DOI: 10.2174/1574893615999200801014939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Osteosarcoma (OS) is one of the most common primary malignant bone
tumors in children and adolescents. OS metastasis has been a challenge in the treatment of OS. The
present study screened progression related genes in OS by analyzing a public dataset GSE42352,
and identified 691 up-regulated and 945 down-regulated genes in advanced stage OS compared to
early-stage OS samples.
Methods:
Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were further employed to reveal the
interaction among these genes. Bioinformatics analysis showed that progression related differently
expressed genes (DEGs) were significantly associated with the regulation of cell proliferation and
metabolisms.
Results:
This study revealed that progression related DEGs were dysregulated in metastatic OS
compared to non-metastatic OS samples. Further analysis showed CSF1R, CASP1, CD163,
AP1B1, LAPTM5, PEX19, SLA, STAB1, YWHAH, PLCB2, and GPR84 were associated with the
metastasis-free survival time in patients with OS.
Conclusions:
These findings provided novel information for us to understand the mechanisms
underlying the progression and metastasis of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin,China
| | - Guoqing Qin
- Department of Orthopedics, Jilin Disabled Persons' Rehabilitation Center, (Jilin Chunguang Rehabilitation Hospital), Changchun, Jilin,China
| | - Junzhi Liu
- Quality Control Department, China-Japan Union Hospital Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin,China
| | - Xiunan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The 964th Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, No. 4799 Xi 'an Road, Lvyuan District, Changchun City, Jilin Province,China
| | - Baoguo Ye
- Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Union Hospital Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin,China
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Huang C, Zheng Y, Bai J, Shi C, Shi X, Shan H, Zhou X. Hepatocyte growth factor overexpression promotes osteoclastogenesis and exacerbates bone loss in CIA mice. J Orthop Translat 2020; 27:9-16. [PMID: 33344167 PMCID: PMC7732867 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2020.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a multifunctional growth factor that promotes various biological processes. However, the effect of HGF on bone metabolism in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains unknown. Here, we investigated the role of HGF in regulating osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption in RA. Methods The expression of HGF in RA patients and collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice was examined. The role of HGF on osteoclastogenesis was analysed by osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption assays. The effect of HGF inhibition was evaluated in a CIA mice model. The mechanism of HGF in regulating osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption was explored by a series of in vitro studies. Results HGF was overexpressed in CIA and RA. HGF stimulated osteoclastogenesis in vitro. SU11274, a selective small molecule blocker of c-Met, impeded the effect of HGF on osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. HGF regulated osteoclastogenesis by JNK and AKT-GSK-3β-NFATc1 signallings. SU11274 protected CIA mice from pathological bone loss. Conclusions These data strongly suggest that the highly expressed HGF in the joint tissues contributes to bone loss in RA. Inhibition of HGF/c-Met could effectively alleviate pathological bone loss and inflammatory symptoms in CIA mice. HGF/c-Met may be used as a new target for the treatment of bone loss in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoming Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215004, China.,Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Suqian First People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian, Jiangsu, 223800, China
| | - Yufan Zheng
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Jinyu Bai
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215004, China
| | - Ce Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215004, China.,Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Suqian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian, Jiangsu, 223800, China
| | - Xin Shi
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Huajian Shan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215004, China
| | - Xiaozhong Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215004, China
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Liu J, Fan Z, Li S, Gao T, Xue R, Bai C, Zhang L, Tan Z, Fang Z. Target therapy for metastatic alveolar soft part sarcoma: a retrospective study with 47 cases. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1493. [PMID: 33313238 PMCID: PMC7729354 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-6377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) is a translocation-associated soft-tissue tumor resistant to conventional cytotoxic agents. This report aims to compare the efficacy of anlotinib versus pazopanib as targeted monotherapy in metastatic ASPS and to determine the impact of drug dosage reduction on disease control. Methods Sixteen and 31 patients with metastatic ASPS were respectively treated with anlotinib and pazopanib monotherapy at a single institution. Objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were retrieved and compared between both therapeutic arms. Adverse events (AEs) within each group were recorded. Kaplan-Meier survivorship curves computed the impact of drug dosage reduction on PFS. Results The anlotinib group showed an ORR of 31.2%, compared to 35.5% in the pazopanib arm (P=0.772). Median PFS was 23.6 months [95% confidence interval (CI), 16.2-31.0 months] in patients treated with anlotinib, but dropped to 13.7 months (95% CI, 10.8-16.7 months) in those managed with pazopanib (P=0.023). One (6.3%) patient on anlotinib and 11 (35.5%) on pazopanib developed AEs requiring drug dosage reduction (P=0.029), which significantly reduced patients' PFS in the latter setting (10.5 vs. 15.8 months, P=0.012). In patients without dosage reduction, anlotinib showed a bordering advantage than pazopanib on median PFS (24.5 vs. 15.8 months, P=0.112). Conclusions Compared to pazopanib, anlotinib yielded longer PFS and lower incidence of AEs in ASPS patients. Drug dosage reduction was more frequently encountered with the former agent and affected the disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayong Liu
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengfu Fan
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shu Li
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tian Gao
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ruifeng Xue
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chujie Bai
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhichao Tan
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiwei Fang
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China
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Gao Y, Liu P, Shi R. Anlotinib as a molecular targeted therapy for tumors. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:1001-1014. [PMID: 32724339 PMCID: PMC7377159 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis has an essential role in tumor growth and metastasis, and blocking this pathway has been a successfully utilized strategy in the clinical treatment of cancer. Anlotinib (AL3818) is a novel oral receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 and 3, fibroblast growth factor 1-4, platelet-derived growth factor receptor α and β, c-Kit and Ret. Anlotinib exerts inhibitory effects on tumor growth and angiogenesis and received its first approval as a third-line treatment for refractory advanced non-small-cell lung cancer in May 2018 and its second approval as a second-line treatment for advanced soft-tissue sarcoma in June 2019 in the People's Republic of China. Anlotinib has encouraging efficacy and a manageable and tolerable safety profile in a broad range of malignancies, including medullary thyroid cancer, renal cell cancer, gastric cancer and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. In the present review, the preclinical and clinical trials of anlotinib were summarized with a focus on safety evaluation and adverse event management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Gao
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Jiangyin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangyin, Jiangsu 214400, P.R. China
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Jiangyin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangyin, Jiangsu 214400, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Ruihua Shi
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongda Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
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Anlotinib suppresses tumor progression via blocking the VEGFR2/PI3K/AKT cascade in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:573. [PMID: 32709873 PMCID: PMC7381674 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02749-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a malignant tumor derived from bile duct epithelium. Its characteristics include an insidious onset and frequent recurrence or metastasis after surgery. Current chemotherapies and molecular target therapies provide only modest survival benefits to patients with ICC. Anlotinib is a novel multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitor that has good antitumor effects in a variety of solid tumors. However, there are few studies of anlotinib-associated mechanisms and use as a treatment in ICC. In this study using in vitro experiments, we found that anlotinib had significant effects on proliferation inhibition, migration and invasion restraint, and cell-cycle arrestment. Anlotinib treatment affected induction of apoptosis and the mesenchymal–epithelial transition. Patient-derived xenograft models generated directly from patients with ICC revealed that anlotinib treatment dramatically hindered in vivo tumor growth. We also examined anlotinib’s mechanism of action using transcriptional profiling. We found that anlotinib treatment might mainly inhibit tumor cell proliferation and invasion and promote apoptosis via cell-cycle arrestment by inactivating the VEGF/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, as evidenced by significantly decreased phosphorylation levels of these kinases. The activation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) can subsequently activate PI3K/AKT signaling. We identified VEGRF2 as the main target of anlotinib. High VEGFR2 expression might serve as a promising indicator when used to predict a favorable therapeutic response. Taken together, these results indicated that anlotinib had excellent antitumor activity in ICC, mainly via inhibiting the phosphorylation level of VEGFR2 and subsequent inactivation of PIK3/AKT signaling. This work provides evidence and a rationale for using anlotinib to treat patients with ICC in the future.
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Yang Q, Ni L, Imani S, Xiang Z, Hai R, Ding R, Fu S, Wu JB, Wen Q. Anlotinib Suppresses Colorectal Cancer Proliferation and Angiogenesis via Inhibition of AKT/ERK Signaling Cascade. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:4937-4948. [PMID: 32606981 PMCID: PMC7321688 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s252181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Anlotinib is a highly potent multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitor, with very good anti-tumor activity against a variety of solid tumors. However, its effect on colorectal cancer (CRC) is not yet clearly understood. The objective of this study was to investigate the anti-tumor effect and underlying mechanism of anlotinib in the pathogenesis of CRC. Materials and Methods Effects of anlotinib on CT26 cells proliferation and microvessel formation in endothelial cells were determined by MTT assay and tube formation assay. Cell migration and invasion were analyzed by using the wound healing assay and transwell assay. Cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry. A CRC xenograft mouse model was used for conducting in-vivo studies to verify the effect of anlotinib. The expression of Ki-67 and CD31 in the tumor tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry and protein expression was measured by Western blot. Results In-vitro studies revealed that anlotinib inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of CT26 cells and the tube formation of HUVECs in a dose-dependent manner. Anlotinib also significantly induced cell apoptosis and G2/M arrest. It effectively inhibited tumor growth and prolonged survival time in the CRC xenograft mouse model. Immunohistochemical analysis of the tumor tissue revealed that anlotinib downregulated CD31 and Ki-67 which are the biomarkers of microvessel density and proliferation. Furthermore, anlotinib was able to inhibit the activation of VEGFR-2/AKT and FGFR, PDGFRβ and their downstream signaling ERK. Conclusion The findings of the present study suggested that anlotinib suppressed cell proliferation and angiogenesis via inhibition of AKT/ERK signaling pathway in colorectal cancer and could be a novel therapeutic strategy for treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Laichao Ni
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Saber Imani
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhangqiang Xiang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Hai
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruilin Ding
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaozhi Fu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Bo Wu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, People's Republic of China.,Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinglian Wen
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, People's Republic of China
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Pazopanib and Trametinib as a Synergistic Strategy against Osteosarcoma: Preclinical Activity and Molecular Insights. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061519. [PMID: 32531992 PMCID: PMC7352822 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) inhibitors’ activity in advanced osteosarcoma is significant but short-lived. To prevent or at least delay drug resistance, we explored a vertical inhibition by combining drugs acting at different levels of the RTK pathways (pazopanib + trametinib). We studied pazopanib + trametinib antitumor activity both in vitro and in vivo (MNNG-HOS and KHOS xenografts in NOD/SCID mice) investigating the molecular mechanisms and potential escapes. The involvement of MAPK-PI3K pathways was validated by Nanostring technology, western blot and by silencing/overexpression experiments. Pazopanib targets were expressed on seven osteosarcoma cell lines and their pathways were activated. Pazopanib + trametinib exhibited synergistic antitumor activity by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting ERK1/2 and Akt. In vivo antitumor activity was shown in osteosarcoma-bearing mice. The drug combination significantly down-modulated RTK Ephrin Type-A Receptor 2 (EphA2) and Interleukin-7 Receptor (IL-7R), whereas induced mitogen-activated protein-kinase kinase (MAPKK) MEK6. EphA2 silencing significantly reduced osteosarcoma cell proliferation and migration, while impeding MEK6 up-regulation in the treated cells significantly increased the antitumor effect of the studied drugs. Moreover, the up-regulation of MEK6 reduced combination activity. Pazopanib + trametinib demonstrated synergistic antitumor effects in osteosarcoma models through ERK and Akt inhibition and EphA2 and IL-7R down-modulation. MEK6 up-regulation might evoke escaping mechanism.
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74
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Hu H, Liu Y, Tan S, Xie XX, He J, Luo F, Wang L. Anlotinib Exerts Anti-Cancer Effects on KRAS-Mutated Lung Cancer Cell Through Suppressing the MEK/ERK Pathway. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:3579-3587. [PMID: 32547195 PMCID: PMC7250708 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s243660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background With a high frequency of 30%, KRAS mutations in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) often lead to their poor response to most anti-cancer therapies. As a multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitor, Anlotinib shows clinical efficacy against several types of cancer. However, its effects on KRAS mutant NSCLC and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Materials and Methods Cell counting Kit-8 assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometry analysis, wound healing scratch assay, Transwell assay and xenograft mouse model were used to evaluate the anti-cancer effects of Anlotinib. The potential molecular mechanisms were determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western blotting. Results Anlotinib inhibited proliferation of KRAS mutant lung cancer cells and induced apoptosis in vitro. In addition, the migration and invasion abilities of these cells were also decreased after treatment with Anlotinib. It significantly suppressed tumor growth in vivo and prolonged the survival of the xenograft-bearing mice, which correlated to lower expression levels of Ki67 in the tumor tissues. Mechanistically, Anlotinib downregulated MEK and ERK as well as their phosphorylated forms in the KRAS mutant lung cancer cells. Conclusion Anlotinib inhibits the growth of KRAS mutant lung cancer cells partly via the suppression of the MEK/ERK pathway. Our findings provide novel insights into treating recalcitrant KRAS mutated NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyue Hu
- Lung Cancer Center, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyang Liu
- Lung Cancer Center, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Songtao Tan
- Lung Cancer Center, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Xiao Xie
- Lung Cancer Center, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun He
- Lung Cancer Center, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, The Third Hospital of Mianyang (Sichuan Mental Health Center), Mianyang, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Luo
- Lung Cancer Center, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wang
- Lung Cancer Center, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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Corre I, Verrecchia F, Crenn V, Redini F, Trichet V. The Osteosarcoma Microenvironment: A Complex But Targetable Ecosystem. Cells 2020; 9:cells9040976. [PMID: 32326444 PMCID: PMC7226971 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcomas are the most frequent primary bone sarcomas, affecting mainly children, adolescents, and young adults, and with a second peak of incidence in elderly individuals. The current therapeutic management, a combined regimen of poly-chemotherapy and surgery, still remains largely insufficient, as patient survival has not improved in recent decades. Osteosarcomas are very heterogeneous tumors, both at the intra- and inter-tumor level, with no identified driver mutation. Consequently, efforts to improve treatments using targeted therapies have faced this lack of specific osteosarcoma targets. Nevertheless, these tumors are inextricably linked to their local microenvironment, composed of bone, stromal, vascular and immune cells and the osteosarcoma microenvironment is now considered to be essential and supportive for growth and dissemination. This review describes the different actors of the osteosarcoma microenvironment and gives an overview of the past, current, and future strategies of therapy targeting this complex ecosystem, with a focus on the role of extracellular vesicles and on the emergence of multi-kinase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Corre
- INSERM, Nantes University, UMR1238 Phy-Os “Bone Sarcomas and Remodeling of Calcified Tissues”, F-44035 Nantes, France
- CNRS GDR3697 MicroNit, F-37044 Tours, France
- Correspondence: (I.C.); (V.T.)
| | - Franck Verrecchia
- INSERM, Nantes University, UMR1238 Phy-Os “Bone Sarcomas and Remodeling of Calcified Tissues”, F-44035 Nantes, France
| | - Vincent Crenn
- INSERM, Nantes University, UMR1238 Phy-Os “Bone Sarcomas and Remodeling of Calcified Tissues”, F-44035 Nantes, France
- Department of Orthopedic, Nantes Hospital, CHU Hotel-Dieu, F-44035 Nantes, France
| | - Francoise Redini
- INSERM, Nantes University, UMR1238 Phy-Os “Bone Sarcomas and Remodeling of Calcified Tissues”, F-44035 Nantes, France
| | - Valérie Trichet
- INSERM, Nantes University, UMR1238 Phy-Os “Bone Sarcomas and Remodeling of Calcified Tissues”, F-44035 Nantes, France
- CNRS GDR3697 MicroNit, F-37044 Tours, France
- Correspondence: (I.C.); (V.T.)
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A phase I study investigation of metabolism, and disposition of [ 14C]-anlotinib after an oral administration in patients with advanced refractory solid tumors. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2020; 85:907-915. [PMID: 32266457 PMCID: PMC7188728 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-020-04062-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Anlotinib is a novel oral multi-targeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, which selectively inhibits VEGFR2/3, FGFR1-4, PDGFR α/β, c-kit, and Ret. It shows antitumor effect in patients with advanced refractory solid tumors. The detailed absorption, metabolism, and excretion pathways of anlotinib have not yet been fully investigated. Methods Six male patients were enrolled and divided into two groups. Group A (containing two patients) received 14.15 mg/80 µCi/subject [14C]-anlotinib hydrochloride. Group B (containing four patients) received 14.15 mg/120 µCi/subject [14C]-anlotinib hydrochloride. The blood, urine, and feces of all the six patients after orally administration of [14C]-anlotinib were collected. The absorption, metabolism, and excretion of [14C]-anlotinib were investigated, and the efficacy and safety of anlotinib were evaluated. Results In plasma, the average time to peak concentration (Tmax) of total radioactivity was 4.42 h and the average peak concentration (Cmax) of total radioactivity was 18.80 ng Eq./g. The average values of AUC0-last, AUC0-∞, and MRT0-t were 4071 h.ng Eq./g, 13,555 h.ng Eq./g, and 125 h, respectively. The average recovery of total radioactivity (TRA) in urine and feces was 62.03%, accounting for 48.52% and 13.51% in feces and urine of the total dosage, respectively. The parent drug, a carboxylic metabolite (M30), and mono-oxidation products (M46/M66) were major drug-related components in human plasma. Oxidative metabolism played the major role in drug clearance in human. The major metabolic pathways include oxidative deamination to M2, mono-oxidation to M1, and the formation of M30. Adverse events occurred in five patients and severe adverse events (SAE) occurred in one. Tumor response were evaluated as stable disease (SD) in three, partial response (PR) in one, and progressive disease (PD) in one of the patients, respectively. Conclusions Anlotinib had a good pharmacokinetic profile with rapid absorption, long half-life, and extensive hepatic metabolism. The adverse events and efficacy were as expected. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00280-020-04062-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Circular RNA circ_001621 promotes osteosarcoma cells proliferation and migration by sponging miR-578 and regulating VEGF expression. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:18. [PMID: 31907361 PMCID: PMC6944700 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-2204-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Strategies targeted vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-dependent osteosarcoma progression are limited although important progress has been made in illustrating the mechanisms. Here we identified circ_001621 as one of the significantly upregulated circular RNAs (circRNAs) by circRNAs microarrays. We found that patients with high circ_001621 expression had a shorter survival time. Moreover, we found several potential sponge micro RNAs (miRNA) of circ_001621 with Circular RNA Interactome database. Among the candidate sponge, we elucidated the association of circ_001621 and miR-578. In addition, we demonstrated that miR-578 targeted circ_001621 directly. Functionally, we set up the experimental system to investigate the effects of circ_001621/miR-578/VEGF interaction in vitro and in vivo. Results indicated circ_001621-promoted osteosarcoma proliferation and migration via attenuating the inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9) by miR-578, respectively. Nude mice experiment was further performed to estimate the promotion of metastasis by circ_001621. The present study evaluated the mechanisms underlying circ_001621 enhanced osteosarcoma progression and provided novel therapeutic targets for advanced osteosarcoma.
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Qin T, Liu Z, Wang J, Xia J, Liu S, Jia Y, Liu H, Li K. Anlotinib suppresses lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma through a process potentially involving VEGFR-3 signaling. Cancer Biol Med 2020; 17:753-767. [PMID: 32944404 PMCID: PMC7476093 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2020.0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Lymphatic metastasis is one of the leading causes of malignancy dispersion in various types of cancer. However, few anti-lymphangiogenic drugs have been approved for clinical use to date. Therefore, new therapies to block lymphangiogenesis are urgently required. Methods: Immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, Western blot, migration assays, and lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis assays were used. Results: Anlotinib, a receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, suppressed the rate of new metastatic lesions (31.82% in the placebo arm and 18.18% in the anlotinib arm) in patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma who were enrolled in our ALTER-0303 study. D2-40+-lymphatic vessel density was strongly correlated with disease stage, metastasis, and poor prognosis in 144 Chinese patients with lung adenocarcinoma. In mice bearing A549EGFP tumors, tumor lymphatic vessel density, tumor cell migration to lymph nodes, and the number of distant metastatic lesions were lower in the anlotinib group than in the controls. Anlotinib inhibited the growth and migration of human lymphatic endothelial cells (hLECs) and lymphangiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Treatment of hLECs with anlotinib downregulated phosphorylated vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR-3). Conclusions: Anlotinib inhibits lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis, probably through inactivating VEGFR-3 phosphorylation. The results indicate that anlotinib may be beneficial for treatment in avoiding lymphangiogenesis and distant lymphatic metastasis in lung adenocarcinoma. (Trial registration: ALTER0303; NCT02388919; March 17, 2015.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Qin
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Zhujun Liu
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Junling Xia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Shaochuan Liu
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Yanan Jia
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Hailin Liu
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin 300060, China
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Sun H, Feng F, Xie H, Li X, Jiang Q, Chai Y, Wang Z, Yang R, Li R, Hou J. Quantitative examination of the inhibitory activation of molecular targeting agents in hepatocellular carcinoma patient-derived cell invasion via a novel in vivo tumor model. Animal Model Exp Med 2019; 2:259-268. [PMID: 31942558 PMCID: PMC6930997 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The outcomes for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) receiving sorafenib are far from satisfactory because of treatment resistance to sorafenib. However, the exact mechanism of resistance to sorafenib remains unclear and it is valuable to establish a novel mouse model to quantitatively analyze the inhibition rates of sorafenib on the invasive growth of HCC cells in the liver. METHODS HCC tissue microblocks derived from patients were cultured and mixed with hydrogel drops. Then, hydrogel drops containing microblocks of HCC tissue were attached onto the surface of the livers of nude mice to form lesions or nodules of HCC. The mice received molecular targeting agents through oral administration. Livers with tumor nodules were harvested for H&E staining (hematoxylin-eosin staining) analysis and H&E staining images were quantitatively analyzed using image J software. The invasive growth of HCC cells into the liver was calculated using the depth of the lesions compared with the total thickness of the liver. RESULTS Microblocks containing cells derived from HCC patients can form lesions in the liver of nude mice. Oral administration of molecular targeting agents inhibited the invasive growth of HCC cells in the liver of nude mice. CONCLUSIONS The model established in this study involves the invasive growth of HCC cells in the liver of nude mice, and the model allows for the quantitative analysis of the inhibitory effect of molecular targeting agents on the invasion of HCC cells in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiwei Sun
- Research Center for Clinical and Translational MedicineThe Fifth Medical CenterGeneral Hospital of Chinese PLABeijingChina
| | - Fan Feng
- Research Center for Clinical and Translational MedicineThe Fifth Medical CenterGeneral Hospital of Chinese PLABeijingChina
- Center for Clinical LaboratoryThe Fifth Medical CenterGeneral Hospital of Chinese PLABeijingChina
| | - Hui Xie
- Department of Interventional TherapyThe Fifth Medical CenterGeneral Hospital of Chinese PLABeijingChina
| | - Xiaojuan Li
- Research Center for Clinical and Translational MedicineThe Fifth Medical CenterGeneral Hospital of Chinese PLABeijingChina
- Medical School of Chinese PLABeijingChina
| | - Qiyu Jiang
- Research Center for Clinical and Translational MedicineThe Fifth Medical CenterGeneral Hospital of Chinese PLABeijingChina
| | - Yantao Chai
- Research Center for Clinical and Translational MedicineThe Fifth Medical CenterGeneral Hospital of Chinese PLABeijingChina
| | - Zhijie Wang
- Research Center for Clinical and Translational MedicineThe Fifth Medical CenterGeneral Hospital of Chinese PLABeijingChina
| | - Ruichuang Yang
- Research Center for Clinical and Translational MedicineThe Fifth Medical CenterGeneral Hospital of Chinese PLABeijingChina
| | - Ruisheng Li
- Research Center for Clinical and Translational MedicineThe Fifth Medical CenterGeneral Hospital of Chinese PLABeijingChina
| | - Jun Hou
- Research Center for Clinical and Translational MedicineThe Fifth Medical CenterGeneral Hospital of Chinese PLABeijingChina
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80
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Yang B, Wang C, Xie H, Wang Y, Huang J, Rong Y, Zhang H, Kong H, Yang Y, Lu Y. MicroRNA-3163 targets ADAM-17 and enhances the sensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma cells to molecular targeted agents. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:784. [PMID: 31611551 PMCID: PMC6791891 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-2023-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Molecular targeted agents, such as sorafenib, remain the only choice of an antitumor drug for the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The Notch signaling pathway plays central roles in regulating the cellular injury/stress response, anti-apoptosis, or epithelial–mesenchymal transition process in HCC cells, and is a promising target for enhancing the sensitivity of HCC cells to antitumor agents. The ADAM metalloprotease domain-17 (ADAM-17) mediates the cleavage and activation of Notch protein. In the present study, microRNA-3163 (miR-3163), which binds to the 3′-untranslated region of ADAM-17, was screened using online methods. miRDB and pre-miR-3163 sequences were prepared into lentivirus particles to infect HCC cells. miR-3163 targeted ADAM-17 and inhibited the activation of the Notch signaling pathway. Infection of HCC cells with miR-3163 enhanced their sensitivity to molecular targeted agents, such as sorafenib. Therefore, miR-3163 may contribute to the development of more effective strategies for the treatment of advanced HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yang
- Comprehensive liver cancer Department, The Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Chunping Wang
- Comprehensive liver cancer Department, The Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Hui Xie
- Department of Interventional Therapy, The Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Chinese PLA, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Yiwu Wang
- Department of Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese PLA The 532nd Hospital, Huangshan, 242700, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jiagan Huang
- Comprehensive liver cancer Department, The Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Yihui Rong
- Comprehensive liver cancer Department, The Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Huixin Zhang
- Comprehensive liver cancer Department, The Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Huifang Kong
- Comprehensive liver cancer Department, The Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Yongping Yang
- Comprehensive liver cancer Department, The Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
| | - Yinying Lu
- Comprehensive liver cancer Department, The Fifth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
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81
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Wang L, En H, Yang L, Zhang Y, Sun B, Gao J. miR-596 suppresses the expression of Survivin and enhances the sensitivity of osteosarcoma cells to the molecular targeting agent anlotinib. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:6825-6838. [PMID: 31686840 PMCID: PMC6709039 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s215145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma (OSA), the most common primary bone malignancy, is characterized by a wide spectrum of complicated pathologies and frequent distal metastasis and causes death in adolescents and young adults worldwide. Antitumor drug treatment strategies include various cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs, while molecular targeted therapy for OSA is currently less used. The present work revealed the role played by the miR-596/Survivin axis in affecting the sensitivity of OSA cells to anlotinib, a novel molecular targeting agent. Methods By virtual screening, we found that miR-596 might target Survivin by using an online tool (miRDB). RNA levels of miR-596 and Survivin in clinical specimens were examined with qPCR. The effect of miR-596 on anlotinib’s antitumor effect was examined with MTT experiments, the subcutaneous tumor model, or the intramuscular tumor model. Results Overexpression of miR-596 via lentiviral particles repressed the protein level of Survivin in U2OS cells. Transfection of miR-596 enhanced the antitumor effect of anlotinib on U2OS cells or five cell lines derived from OSA patients. Conclusion miR-596 targets Survivin and enhances the antitumor effect of anlotinib on OSA cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leisheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong Province 264000, People's Republic of China
| | - He En
- Department of Outpatient, The 81st Group Army Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Outpatient, The 80th Group Army Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army (formerly the 89th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army), Weifang City, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanbing Zhang
- Department of Outpatient, The 81st Group Army Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Baisheng Sun
- Department of Emergency, The Fifth Medical Center of the General Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army (formerly the 307th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army), Beijing 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjiang Gao
- Department of Emergency, Haiyang People's Hospital, Haiyang, Shandong 265100, People's Republic of China
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Ma DB, Qin MM, Shi L, Ding XM. MicroRNA-6077 enhances the sensitivity of patients-derived lung adenocarcinoma cells to anlotinib by repressing the activation of glucose transporter 1 pathway. Cell Signal 2019; 64:109391. [PMID: 31421224 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.109391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Anlotinib is a novel molecular targeted agent targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, which differs from the other currently available non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) molecular targeted drugs targeting this receptor. Although the application of anlotinib may bring new hope for patients with advanced NSCLC, the cost of treatment is high. The results of this study showed that microRNA-6077 (miR-6077) represses the expression of GLUT1 (glucose transporter 1) and enhances the sensitivity of patient-derived lung adenocarcinoma (AC) cells to anlotinib. The miR-6077, which potentially binds to the 3'untranslated region of GLUT1, was identified and screened by miRDB, an online tool; sequences of miR-6077 were prepared as lentivirus particles. A549 cells (a lung adenocarcinoma cell line) and five patient-derived AC cell lines were infected with control miRNA or miR-6077, and subsequently treated with the indicated concentration of anlotinib. The expression of proteins, such as GLUT1, was determined by western blotting. The antitumor effect of anlotinib was identified through in-vitro (e.g., MTT) or in-vivo methods (e.g., subcutaneous tumor model). Overexpression of miR-6077 repressed the expression of GLUT1 and decreased the glucose uptake, lactate production, or ATP generation in AC cells. In addition, MiR-6077 may enhance the antitumor effect of anlotinib on A549 or patient-derived AC cell lines. Therefore, our results indicated that miR-6077 represses the expression of GLUT1 and enhances the sensitivity of patients-derived lung AC cells to anlotinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Bin Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Meng-Meng Qin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Liang Shi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Xin-Min Ding
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China.
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